1、Module 4 MusicGrammarPresent perfect progressive tense 现在完成进行时1.现在完成进行时表示从过去某一时刻开始的动作,一直延续到说话时还在进行或可能还要继续下去。句中常出现for,since,how long等引导的时间状语。例如:(1)Her telephone has been ringing for a long time.(2)It has been raining since last Sunday.(3)I am tired.I have been painting the living room all day.(4)Do n
2、ot disturb me.I have been writing letters all morning and have written ten so far.(5)How long have you been wearingglasses.(1)You have been coughing a lot lately.(2)He has been scoring plenty of goals this season.2.现在完成进行时表示一个重复性的动作,常用于表示“关切”、“惊异”、“愤怒”等感情色彩。例如：(3)You have been saying that for five y
3、ears.(4)I suppose you have been gossipingagain.3.现在完成进行时与现在进行时的比较：1)现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性,现在完成时强调时间的经过。例如：I have been waiting for two hours.I have waited for two hours.(2)现在完成进行时表示“未完成”,现在完成时表示“已完成”。例如：I have been writing a letter.(还在写)I have written a letter.(已写完)Interviewer:Liu Fang,what_ _(do)recently?
4、Liu Fang:Well,I _(give)concerts in America.Complete the conversation.Put the verbs into the present perfect progressive.have you been doinghave been givingInterviewer:Have you _(play)any new pieces?Liu Fang:Yes.I _(play)some classical American tunes.Interviewer:What else have you _(do)?Liu Fang:I _(
5、learn)how to play the konghou.been playinghave been playingbeen doinghave been learningFill in the blanks using present perfect tense and present perfect progressive tense.1.Joe goes out.Five minutes later,the phone rings and the caller says“Would you like something to eat?”Joe says:“No,thank you.I
6、_(have lunch).”have had lunch2.Maria _(learn)English for two years.3.You are going to a restaurant this evening.You phone to reserve a table.Later your friend says Shall I phone to reserve a table?You say:No,_ it(do).Ive already done ithas been learning4.Hello,Tom.I _(look)for you all morning.Where
7、have you been?5.Last week the bus fare was 80 pence.Now it is 90._.(go up)have been lookingThe bus fare has gone upLast night,I _(go)to see a concert by the Chinese-born Canadian artist Liu Fang.She was born in China and _(study)music in Shanghai,but she _(live)in Canada since 1996.She _(play)Comple
8、te the passage with the correct form of the verbs:wentstudiedhas been livinghas been playingtraditional Chinese music since she was very young.Last night,she _(perform)a series of classical Chinese pieces for the pipa and the guzheng.I _(buy)a CD of her music after the concert and I _(listen)to it a
9、ll day today!performedboughthave been listening1.Excuse me,Marcia,a reporter from Vanity Fair _ all day.Could you speak to her now?A.phones B.has phoned C.has been phoning D.phoned2.Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.I think so.He _ for it for months.A.is preparingB.was preparingC.
10、had been preparingD.has been preparing 3.Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School,where she _ English for a year.A.studies B.studied C.is studying D.has been studying 4.I wont tell the student the answer to the math problem until he _ on it for more than an hour.A.h
11、as been workingB.will have worked C.will have been workingD.had worked5.Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to _ since the flood hit the area last Friday.A.have been missing B.have got lost C.be missing D.get lostPorgy and Bess 波吉与贝丝(乞丐与荡妇)start life 起源put together 创造、建造production c
12、n.影视作品,演出或广播节目Broadway n.百老汇(纽约市的主要戏院区,位于百老汇大街及附近一带)put on 上演The actor put on a fine performance.cast cn.(全体)演员Afro-American adj.n.美国黑人(的)cowrite vt.合著 cowriter n.合作者hit n.成功、红极一时的人或物miss n.失败deal with 处理,对付;论述,涉及The man is hard to deal with.It is becoming increasingly difficult to deal withthe prob
13、lems of traffic in big cities.His latest work deals with the Second World War.rhymes and rhythms 韵律和节奏Negro n.黑人(-es)superstition/su:pstin/n.迷信,盲目恐惧religious fervour/f:v/宗教虔诚,宗教热诚misery/mizri/n.痛苦,不幸,悲惨high spirits 快乐,欢欣Porgy and Bess started life as a novel by Dubose Heyward called Porgy,about the
14、life of African Americans in Charleston.波吉与贝丝源于杜博斯海沃德关于查尔斯顿非裔美国人生活的小说波吉。At first it wasnt easy to put on the production,because it needed an all-black cast at a time when Afro-American actors were banned from performing.起初，要上演这部作品并不容易。因为它需要在这样一个美国黑人被禁止演出的年代找一名纯黑人演员。Porgy and Bess deals with the rhym
15、es and rhythms of Negro life in America.It combines elements that have never before appeared as melodies.波吉与贝丝讲述了美国黑人生活的旋律和节奏。它将以前从没有作为旋律的形式出现的元素结合在了一起。It soon became a classic of modern American music,and the songs have become standards.它很快成为美国现代音乐经典，其歌曲已经成为标准曲目。Listen and check your answers to Act
16、ivity 1.1.novel poser3.book 4.opera5.Theatre 6.all-black7.banned from performing8.depressing 9.hit10.melodiesAnswer the questions.1.What do you think porgy and Bess is about?2.Do you think Porgy and Bess is opera,jazz or classical music?It is about the ups and downs of black American life in the ear
17、ly 20th century.jazz3.What is a“classic of modern American music”?4.Why do you think it took a long time to put on the show?the opera Porgy and BessBecause black actors were not allowed to perform and they had to use white actors.5.What do you think porgy and Bess is about?6.What was the effect of t
18、he reviews?No,it received bad reviews at first.Gershwin died without seeing the opera become successful.7.Do you think you would enjoy Porgy and Bess?Can you think of a similar Chinese Opera?cathedral 大教堂push ones way through a crowd 从人群中挤过去a quartet of 四人一组的,四件一套的slide away 溜走be grateful for/to/tha
19、t 感激的,感谢的(=thankful)I am grateful to you for your help.brief adj.短暂的,简短的Lets keep this conversation brief;I have a plane to catch.In brief,your work is bad.(简而言之)affair 公事,政事;个人私事,财政问题(常用复数);事务,事情;事件,丑闻the Watergate AffairI am not prepared to discuss my financial affairs with the press.We must try t
20、o forget this sad affair.love affairs 恋爱,风流韵事consciously ad.有意识地,自觉地pavement(Br.E)=sidewalk(Am.E)人行道gang n.帮,伙,群a gang of 一帮,一伙,一群ignore/ign:/vt.不顾,忽视,不理睬I tried to tell her but she ignored me.Prague/prg/布拉格(捷克共和国首都)Milan/miln/米兰(意大利北部城市)the Andes/ndi:z/安第斯山脉regulate vt.控制,管理,调整,调节The prices are reg
21、ulated by demand and supply.care n.烦恼,忧虑context n.语境,上下文All contributions are voluntary,no one has to pay,but the crowd shrinks as some people slide away.所有捐助都是出于自愿，没有人非掏钱不可。但是，随着一些人悄悄走开，人群缩小了。In downtown Tokyo,young couples eat popcorn and dance to the music of a rockabilly band,which plays America
22、n music from the Fifties.在东京市中心，年轻的情侣们一边吃着爆米花，一边随着一个乡村摇滚乐团演奏的五十年的美国音乐翩翩起舞。The street musician is keeping alive a culture which has almost disappeared in our busy,organised,and regulated lives:the sound of music when you least expect it.街头音乐家保持了一种在我们的紧张忙碌、组织有序和一成不变的生活中已近乎消失的文化的生机：在你最意想不到的时候听到的音乐的声音。I
23、t only exists in the present,it only has meaning in the context.It needs space.它只存在于当前，也只有在情境中才具有意义。它需要存活的空间。如果说音乐剧是雅俗共赏的音乐形 式，那么歌剧则是阳春白雪。但这一 部Gershwin的经典作品，应该属于哪 种类型，确实让人迷惑。它产生之初 是在百老汇剧院上演的，其中优美的 黑人民谣、蓝调、爵士乐，使它成为 波吉和贝丝 Porgy and Bess当代音乐剧的不朽佳作。但剧中壮丽 的乐队及合唱队、代替对白的宣叙 调，以及你去买该剧的唱片时，恐怕 得在古典音乐或歌剧柜台才买得到
24、它，又使它象一部歌剧。而且确实它 也常被称为美国第一部正宗的歌剧。这个迷没有答案，Gershwin他的本意恐怕就是如此。比如他的另几部著名作品：1924年的“蓝色狂想曲”、1928年的“一个美国人在巴黎”，就既是严肃音乐，又创造性地运用了爵士风情和黑人音乐文化。没有答案有什么关系呢？正是他，这位思想解放、始终关注 黑人文的音乐天才，将黑人民谣及 其综合产物：拉格泰姆、摇滚、蓝 调、爵士正式提升到了美国音乐的 象征的地位。“波吉和贝丝”的故事发生在鲶鱼镇，黑人们在这里生活。一开始在酒馆中，几对黑人男女在蓝调钢琴的伴奏下激情起舞。这时，克拉拉在家里唱起著名的摇篮曲“夏令时光”(Summertime
25、)，院子里，黑人们边赌钱，边唱起美妙的民谣Oh,nobody knows when the lawd is goin to call。稍后醉醺醺的克劳恩带着贝丝进来，也参加赌钱，并发生争斗，克劳恩失手杀了人逃走。只有瘸子波吉愿收留贝丝。第二天葬礼上，贝丝唱起了优美的“走向天国”，由于贝丝的 到来，波吉变化很多，他幸福地唱起“噢，我得到了许多。”。但逃到小 岛上的克劳恩在台风中又回来找贝 丝，波吉杀死了他。当被警察带走的 波吉因证据不足被释放回来时，发现 贝丝已经被卖毒品的彼得带到纽约去 了。波吉不知道纽约在哪里，但他相 信只要她活着，他一定可以找回她，于是，他唱着“噢，上帝，我上路 了”，开始
26、了漫长的寻找之路。Language points in Listening:1.spread(v.)过去式spread 过去分词spread做动词时,经常跟介词through搭配e.g.:大火很快蔓延了全城。The fire spread through the whole of the town.消息很快传遍了全城。The news spread through the town.spread(n.)扩展，扩张，伸展做名词时，经常跟介词of搭配e.g.:翅膀的伸展 the spread of wings流行感冒的蔓延 the spread ofinfluenza2.rob(vt./vi.)(1)(vt.)抢劫，盗窃e.g.:抢银行 rob a bank(2)用于 rob sb.of sth.抢走/剥夺某 人的某样东西e.g.:小偷偷了我的表。The thief robbed me of my watch.robber(n.)强盗，窃贼，抢劫贩robbery(CN.)抢劫案(UN.)抢劫