1、Module 3 Interpersonal Relationships FriendshipGrammar1.Adverbial clauses:having doneHaving lost all my old friends,Ifelt shy and lonely at my newschool.2.Verbs followed by ing and theinfinitive with to remember,forget,stop,go on,regret状语从句按意义可分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、结果状语从句和比较状语从
2、句。状语从句由从属连词引导。引导词按意义分为九类:时间状语从句 as/when/while;after;before;since;till/until whenever;no sooner than/hardly when；immediately;directly;the moment;the minute;the second;each(every)time;the day(year);next time;the first(second/last)time;by the time 条件状语从句 if;unless;as(so)long as;on condition that;suppos
3、e(supposed)that;provide(providing)that;in theevent that原因状语从句 because;as;since;now(that)结果状语从句 so(such)that.目的状语从句 so that;in order that;in case 让步状语从句 though;although;as;however;no matter.;疑问词+ever;whetheror not比较状语从句 than;as(so).as;the more.the more方式状语从句 as;as if;as though;地点状语从句 where wherever状语
4、从句的省略 状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:主句和从句的主语一致，或从 句主语为it；从句主要动词是be的某种形 式。从句中的主语和be动词常 可省略。例如：1.When(the museum is)completed,the museum will beopen to the public next year.2.Hell go to the seaside for his holiday if(it is)possible.1.When first _ to the market,these products enjoyed great success.A.introducing B.int
5、roduced C.introduce D.being introduced 2.It shames me to say it,but I told a lie when _ at the meeting by my boss.A.questioning B.having questionedC.questioned D.to be questioned状语从句和状语的转换:状语从句主语和从句一致时，转换为分词短语。After he turned off the recorder,he went out of the room.Having turned off the recorder,he
6、 went out of the room.When the city is seen from the mountain,it looks much more beautiful Seen from the mountain,it looks much more beautiful.状语从句主句和从句不一致，转换为独立主格结构。If weather permits,well have the meeting in the open air.(With)Weather permitting,well have the meeting in the open air.状语从句转换为介词短语：由a
7、fter/before/since/as soon as等引导的时间状语从句，可改为after/before/since/on+动名词短语结构。当主从句主语不一致，可使用动名词的复合结构。Before he dived into the lake,he made a deep breath.Before diving into the lake,he made a deep breath.状语从句转换为动词不定式短语。He is so strong that he can lift theheavy stone.He is strong enough to lift the heavy sto
8、ne.He was so weak that he couldnt go astep further.He was too weak to go a step further.He stood in the front of the classroom in order that he couldsee the picture clearly.He stood in the front of the classroom in order to(so as to/to)see the picture clearly.Grammer 1:Adverbial clauses:having doneH
9、aving lost all my old friends,I feltshy and lonely at my new school.Part 1Exercises:Having left something in the cloakroom,I went inside to get it.That weekend,having thoughtabout the situation for a while,I decided to ask Roy about thattheft.1.Do the words in bold refer to thepresent or the past?An
10、swer:Past.2.Do the two parts of each sentence refer to the same person?Answer:Yes.1.Having known Roy for years,2.Having discussed a verypersonal matter,Part 3Match the two parts of thesentences.3.Having chatted together two orthree times,4.Having been shy and lonely whenI arrived at the new school,a
11、.I felt I was getting to know him.b.I hope he would not tell anyone.c.I was very happy when I madesome good friends.d.I did not expect him to behavelike him.Answer:1-d;2-b;3-a;4-cHaving counted the money,Mr White put it in the box.The key to the box had been lost long ago,but Mr White was not worrie
12、d.“Ill put it in my locker,”he thought,“Itll be quite safePart 5 Complete the passage.there.”having thought of this,he put the box under his arm and walked over to talk to some of the older boys.“Well done!”he said,pointing to the box,“there is 500 in here!”After chatting for some minutes,he went to
13、 his desk to look forsome papers and found thenunderneath some books.He waslooking through then when a boyput his head round the door andsaid,“Mr White,your wife is onthe phone.She needs to speak to you immediately.”Mr White jumped up and went out of the room,having forgotten all about the box.On re
14、turning to his desk,he found it had gone.Grammer 2:Verbs followed by ing and the infinitive with to remember,forget,stop,go on,regretdoing和to do都具备名词的功能，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等，区别如下：doing表示状态、性质、经常性；to do表示具体的、一次性的、将发生的动作。agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail,help,learn,long,manage,offer,pla
15、n,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,wish以下动词后，只能跟不定式做宾语：admit,appreciate,consider,delay,enjoy,finish,keep,imagine,mind,miss,practice,resist,risk,save,suggest,dont mind,give up,insist on,put off以下动词后，只能跟-ing做宾语：在下列一些动词后，即可接doing形式也可接to do形式，但意义有所不同：在need,require,want后接-ing形式，表示被动意义,也可接不定式，但要用被动形式;hate,l
16、ove,like接不定式表示特定的未来事件,接-ing形式表示目前正在进行的活动或一般的行为。1）hate,like,love前有 would/should时2）当谓语动词begin,continue,start 等是进行式时3）begin,continue,start与know,understand等状态动词连用时在下列情况下，一般要用不定式：forget,remember,regret to do表示现在或未来的动作；forget,remember,regret doing表示动作已经发生。mean to do表示打算、想要做；mean doing表示意味着。go on to do表示做不
17、同的事或不同内容的事；go on doing表示继续不停的作某事。cease to do表示长期甚至永久性的停止作某事；cease doing表示短暂停止作某事。forget,remember,regret to do表示现在或未来的动作；forget,remember,regret doing表示动作已经发生。mean to do表示打算、想要做；mean doing表示意味着。1.I remember _her for thefirst time.Key:meeting2.You must remember _intouch.Key:to keepEXERCISES:Part 13.I r
18、egret _that now.Key:doing4.I regret _that I have losttouch with four or five friends.Key:to sayregret vt-tt-遗憾；抱歉I regret spending so much money ona car.我后悔在一辆小汽车上花这么多钱。I regret to say I cannot come.很抱歉，我不能来了。I regret(to say)that.我很遗憾.It is to be regretted that.使人遗憾的是.I regret my ignorance on the su
19、bject.我很遗憾,对此问题一无所知。I regret to tell you that my friend is ill.遗憾地告诉你,我的朋友病了。To this day I do not regret havingmade that remark.说了这话,我至今不后悔。He died regretted by all.他死了,大家深感痛惜。n.悔恨；痛惜He told me with regret that hecould not come to the party.他很抱歉地对我说他不能来参加这个聚会了。(pl)婉言辞谢to send ones regrets 送出辞谢的回帖hav
20、e no regrets 没有遗憾1.Remember _(keep intouch)when you go away.Email me!Key:to keep in touch2.Do you remember _(go)toschool for the first time?Did youfeel shy?Key:goingPart 43.I never forget _(phone)myparents when Im away from home.Key:to phone4.Ill never forget _(say)thatit was stupid of me.I really h
21、urt myfriend.Key:saying5.I regret _(tell)you thatyou will not be in the same classas your friends.Key:to tell6.The joke was really funny andthe two girls couldnt stop _(laugh)Key:laughing7.I walk home from school with afriend.We often stop _(buy)some sweets.Key:to buy8.I didnt like Chen at first but
22、 wewent on _(become)goodfriends.Key:to become9.First we discussed our families,then we went on _(talkabout)personal matters.Key:to talk aboutI met Li Bei for the first timewhen I was six years old.Herfamily lived on the same floor asus,and I remember seeing apretty little girls going in and outof th
23、e next door flat.Part 5 Complete the passage.I was an only child and really wantsomeone to play with.One day li Beiwas playing with her dolls outside her flat when my mother and I arrived at our front floor.When she saw us she stoppedplaying and my mother laughedand said,“go on playing!Liao meican p
24、lay with you.”I regret to saythat I immediately ran over to libei and took her doll off her.Li bei started to cry and I begancrying too.This is a bad start toour friendship,but we went on tobecome best friends and I neverregret meeting her.When she was ten,li beis familymoved to a city on the other
25、sideof China,but for many years shenever forgot to send me a cardfor my birthday.Those werehappy times.by the end of 到.末play with 玩,戏弄,摆弄;不大认真考虑(某一问题)hurtvt./vi.使疼痛;伤害;使苦恼,使伤心;使受伤vi.疼痛;受伤Did he hurt himself?他受伤了吗?Nothing hurts more than a bad tooth.没有比牙痛更痛的了。take off脱掉（衣服）I take my hat off to him fo
26、r the way he arranged the party.我对他安排社交聚会的方式表示佩服。Take off your clothes;theyre very wet.脱掉你的衣服，衣服湿透了。模仿（别人的神态）She takes off the Prime Minister to perfection.她模仿首相的样子惟妙惟肖。（飞机）起飞The plane took off at three oclock.飞机三点钟起飞了。take on雇用；聘用;承担开始显现；与人较量Why dont you take on somebody about your own size?你怎么不跟和你
27、一样高的人较量？take out拔掉；带（某人）出去;申请取得；获得Have you taken out insurance?你参加保险了吗？1.Read the passage on page 33.Answer the questions below.1).Are Liao Mei and Wang Chaosu still friends?Yes.2).Why do you think the girls have kept in touch?Because they are old friends.3).Do you think that good friends should nev
28、er quarrel?No.2.Read the passage again.Answer the questions.livelypersonalityquarrel(v.&n.)regret1).Which words describe someonespersonality?2).Which word means to feel sorryabout something that hashappened or that you have done?3).Which word means to argue with somebody?Answer:1)lively2)regret3)qua
29、rrel4.Listen to Liao Mei talking about her friendships.She says five things that are different from the statements in the passage in Activity 1.Say what they are.Answers:1)They have“quite”lively personalities.2)They share an interest in sport.3)They have quarreled“from time totime.”4)Liao Mei regret
30、s their one seriousquarrel.5)They are no longer“best friends”.5.Listen to the passage again and answer the questions.Part 11.Why has Liao Mei never felt lonely?2.Where did the two girls meet?3.Where did they live?4.What do we learn about the girlsparents?5.Why did the two girls quarrel?Answer:1)Beca
31、use her parents always madesure she had friends to play with.2)At secondary school.3)Very near to each other.4)They got on very well.5)Because Liao made friends with two other girls whom Wang didnt like.Part 21.Where is Liao Meis college?2.What does Liao Mei say you need to do to keep your friends?3
32、.How many friends has Liao Meilost touch with?4.Why has she lost touch with them?Part 2Answer:1)200 kilometers away.2)Keep in touch.3)Four or five.4)Because they changed.get on(with)相处融洽，继续(做某事)Time is getting on.继续Get on with your work!继续工作吧。成功to get on in ones job 在事业上取得成功get on for（时间、年纪、距离）接近，迈进，快到She is getting on for fifty.她年近50了。predictvt./vi.预言;预测;预示predict rain for tomorrow预告明天有雨She predicted that he would marry a doctor.她预言他将娶一位医生。