1、专题限时训练(三十)科普知识型阅读理解(二) (限时：每篇7分钟)(一)Schools of robotic fish could be sent into the Thames to produce a 3D pollution map of the river.Researchers at the University of Essex in Colchester are working on the robotic fish as part of a 2.5million EUfunded project to find new ways of monitoring water wast
2、e.Each fish will be about 50cm long, 15cm high and 12cm wide.They will be packed with pollution sensors(传感器)that can electronically “smell” harmful chemicals in the water.Scientists have developed “swarm(群)intelligence techniques” which allow the fish to work as a team without humans.The robotic fis
3、h will communicate with each other using wifi as they seek out areas of pollution.They work out where they are with inbuilt GPS systems and artificial intelligence software will enable them to move without the need for a human operator: they will only warn staff if areas of pollution are found.A fis
4、h that finds pollution sends the data of the location to others.“Each school will contain five fish, and they will constantly monitor for pollutants，” said Dr.Dongbing Gu, who is leading the research.“When they find something, they will send a message to the rest of the school, who will then gather
5、in the area to take readings.”The fish move their bodies up and down like wavesdriven by motorsand use fins and a tail to change direction.It is hoped they will travel at speeds of up to half a metre per second.Working models could be available within 18 months.Different sensors will be fitted to hu
6、nt for different pollutants.The data could be used to build a “real time” 3D map of areas of pollution in the water, allowing operators to determine the best way to clean up the area.The fish will initially be used in ports to monitor leaks from large ships, but Dr Gu said the same system could be u
7、sed in the Thames.Researchers hope the robotic fish will be able to spend up to 24 hours in the water before needing to be recharged.()1.The purpose of the robotic fish project is to _.A.find out whether inbuilt GPS systems are useful B.find new ways to monitor water wasteC.prove that robotic fish c
8、an be sent into the Thames D.test the speed of the robotic fishA. change direction immediatelyD.The robotic fish cannot change direction in water.()5.The passage mainly tells us about _.A.the robotic fish to smell out pollutants Ba 2.5 million EUfunded projectC.researchers working on robotic fish Da
9、 3D pollution map of the Thames(二)Plants have family values, too, it seems, with new research suggesting they can recognize close relatives in order to work together.An ability to tell family from strangers is well known in animals, allowing them to cooperate and share resources, but plants may poss
10、ess similar social skills, scientists believe.Susan Dudley and Amanda File of McMaster University in Ontario, Canada, report they have demonstrated for the first time that plants can recognize their kin.This suggests that plants, though lacking recognition and memory, are capable of complex social i
11、nteractions.“Plants have this kind of hidden but complicated social life，” Dudley said.The study found plants from the same species of beachdwelling wildflower grew aggressively alongside unrelated neighbors but were less competitive when they shared soil with their families.Sea rocket, a North Amer
12、ican species, showed stronger and healthier root growth when planted in pots with strangers than when raised with relatives from the same maternal(母系的) family, the study found.This is an example of kin selection, a behavior common in animals in which closely related individuals take a group approach
13、 to succeeding in their environment, the researchers said.Kin selection also applies to competition, because if family members compete less with each other, the group will do better overall. “Everywhere you look, plants are growing right up next to other plants，” Dudley said，“ Usually its a case of
14、each plant for itself. But sometimes those plants are related, and there are benefits to not wasting resources on being competitive, and there is not really a cost to not being competitive as long as your neighbor is also not being competitive.”Learning and memory appear to be important for kin reco
15、gnition in animals, but this isnt an option for plants, she noted.Some researchers speculate(猜测) that plants communicate through their roots, identifying themselves using tiny chemical signatures specific to each plants family.()6.Whats the main idea of the message?AStudies find plants can recognize
16、, communicate with relatives.BKin selection is important for plants.CAnimals can recognize and memorize their relatives.DCompetition asks plants to recognize their relatives.()7.Which of the following is NOT right about animals social skill?AAnimals can recognize and memorize their relatives.BAnimal
17、s social skill is to cooperate and share resources.CAnimals social skill can recognize close relatives in order to work together.DAnimals social skill is no use at all.()8.Plants kin selection is to _. Agrow well Bcompete with other kinds of plants Cstrengthen the relationship among siblings Dfind w
18、hich one is the best()9.From the passage，we learn that _.Asea rocket is a South American species Bsea rocket grows aggressively alongside unrelated neighborsCsea rocket grows aggressively alongside its siblingsDsea rocket is a kind of bush without flowers ()10.How can the plants communicate with eac
19、h other according to experts suppose?APlants communicate by using tiny chemical signatures specific to each plants family.BPlants communicate with each other through their roots.CPlants communicate with each other by their leaves.DPlants communicate with each other with their flowers.(三)Schools are
20、almost all connected to the Internet. But some have more technology, and use it more, than others. For example, some schools use computers for activities like video conferencing, to bring the world into the classroom. And some classrooms are equipped with things like a Smart Board, a kind of interac
21、tive whiteboard. Interactive whiteboards are large displays for presentations. They connect to a computer and can operate by touch. They can be used for documents or writing or to project video. Some teachers are trying creative new ways to teach with devices like iPods and mobile phones. But educat
22、ors say the most important thing, as always, is the content. Yet technology can have special importance in some cases. Cosmobot is a therapy robot. It stands about half a meter tall and has a blue body and a friendly face with big eyes.One child who works with it is sixyearold Kevin Fitzgerald. Kevi
23、n has developmental dyspraxia;_he has difficulty moving his mouth and tongue. He works with Carole SemangoSprouse as he interacts with the Cosmobot during therapy for his condition. Here, he uses a set of buttons attached to a computer to make the silent robot move forward, backward or around in cir
24、cles. Kevins mother thinks the robot has had a calming influence, helping her son get along better with his friends. Cosmobot was developed by Anthro Tronix. Corinna Lathan started the company ten years ago to work with children with cerebral palsy, Downs syndrome, autism and other developmental dis
25、abilities. Children become friends with the robot, she says. That can have a big effect on their behavior, helping them work harder and longer in therapy sessions. Corinna Lathan is currently working with a British company to develop other socially helpful robots. She says they are still considered
26、research tools in the United States, and not used as much as in places like Britain and Japan. But she hopes to change that. ()11.Its known from the text that _. Aschools have easy access to the Internet todayBnew technology is seldom applied to teachingCthe Internet is of equal importance in school
27、sDusing computers for activities is laborsaving()12.Which of the following is NOT right about Smart Board?AIts a kind of teaching facility.BIt can be used to project video. CIts a display for presentation.DIts not easy to be connected to computers.()13.Whats “dyspraxia” according to the text?ASpeech
28、 barrier.BMovement disorder.CVisual impairment.DLoss of memory.()14.Which of the following is RIGHT according to the text?ACosmobot is designed to play with. BCosmobot is costly and not userfriendly.CCosmobot can be controlled by a computer.DAnthro Tronix is a designer of a certain company.()15.What
29、 can we learn from Corinna Lathan? AShes employed by a British company. BCosmobot is popular around the world. CShe wants to make previous products widespread. DIPods and mobile phones are valued in class. 专题限时训练(三十)(一)本文为科普说明，主要介绍了一种能侦查出污染物质的新技术“机器鱼”。1B推理判断题。根据第二段Researchers at the University of Es
30、sex in Colchester are working on the robotic fish as part of a 2.5million EUfunded project to find new ways of monitoring water waste.可判断作答。2C细节理解题。根据第三段They will be packed with pollution sensors(传感器)that can electronically “smell” harmful chemicals in the water.可判断选C。3D细节理解题。根据倒数第四段When they find s
31、omething, they will send a message to the rest of the school, who will then gather in the area to take readings.可判断选D。4C细节理解题。根据第五段They work out where they are with inbuilt GPS systems and artificial intelligence software will enable them to move without the need for a human operator: they will only
32、 warn staff if areas of pollution are found.可知“机器鱼”不需人的控制也能发挥其“团队合作”的作用，故选C。5A主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了能侦查出污染物质的“机器鱼”，故选A。(二)本文是科普说明文。科学家经过研究发现：和动物一样，植物也有亲属选择的习性，同时排挤其他种类植物。同时介绍了同系植物之间不竞争的原因、作用以及交流方式。6A 主旨大意题。全文说明研究发现：植物也可以辨别亲属，和亲属交流共生而和其他植物生长在一起时则疯狂排挤竞争。7D 细节理解题。从第二段可以判断出动物的社会能力非常有用，是为了合作，为了共享资源，而不是没用。8B 细节理解题
33、。从倒数第三段看出，植物的亲属判断力是为了竞争。9B 推理判断题。倒数第五段提到sea rocket和其他种类的植物长在一起时根系发达，具有侵略性，这是为了和其他植物竞争，夺取更多的资源。10B 细节理解题。最后一段说明科学家猜测植物之间的交流可能是用根进行的，用微小的化学成分去验明是否是亲属。(三)文中报道科学技术的广泛运用。Smart Board, iPods and mobile phones等用于学校课堂；Cosmobot用于治病等。11A 细节理解题。文中第一段第一句讲到Schools are almost all connected to the Internet.几乎所有的学校都
34、与互联网相连接。所以选A。12D 细节理解题。从第二段可知Smart Boards是一种教学设备，能用于投影及教学展示，但没谈到它不容易与计算机连接。13B 词义猜测题。第五段信息he has difficulty moving his mouth and tongue.表明dyspraxia是一种运动方面的障碍。14C 推理判断题。第六段谈到信息attached to a computer to make the silent robot move forward, backward or around in circles.这表明“Cosmobot”能受计算机控制。15C 推理判断题。最后一段信息讲到research tools in the United States, and not used as much as in places like Britain and Japan. But she hopes to change that.可知选C。高考资源网独家高Ks5uK&S%5#U精品资源，欢迎下载！高Ks5uK&S%5#U高考资源网高考资源网
