1、6.介词和连词 2017年高考英语语法总复习 一、介词 介词又叫前置词，一般置于名词(或相当于名词的其他词类或结构)之前，在句中不单独充当句子成分，必须与其后的名词等构成介词短语，才能在句中充当一个成分。介词可分为：简单介词(如：at，in，about等)、复合介词(如：into，within等)、二重介词(如：from behind，until after，except in等)、短语介词(如：according to，because of，in spite of等)以及分词介词(如：including)。常用介词区别：表示时间的in，on，atat表示片刻的时间，in表示一段的时间，on总
2、是与日子有关表示时间的since，fromsince指从过去到现在的一段时间，和完成时连用，from指从时间的某一点开始表示时间的in，afterin指在一段时间之后，常用在将来时中，after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一段时间中表示地理位置的in，on，toin表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范围之外表示“在上/里”的on，inon只表示在某物的表面上，in表示占去某物一部分表示“穿过”的through，acrossthrough表示从内部通过，与in有关，across表示在表面上通过，与on有关between与among的区别between表示在两者之间，amon
3、g用于三者或三者以上的中间besides与except的区别besides指“除了还有再加上”，except指“除了；减去什么”，不放在句首表示“用”的in，withwith表示具体的工具，in表示材料，方式，方法，度量，单位，语言，声音as与like的区别as意为“作为；以地位或身份”，like为“像一样”，指情形相似in与into的区别in通常表示位置(静态)，into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置.用适当的介词填空 1A serious study of physics is impossible_some knowledge of mathematics.2Before you pay
4、a visit to a place of interest，look in your local library_a book about it.3An artist who was recently traveling on a ferry to the southern island discovered_chance a long lost antique Greek vase.4I am always delighted when I receive an email from you.With regard_the party on July 1st，I shall be plea
5、sed to attend.5The Smiths are praised_the way they bring up their children.6The manager wants to see changes in the company，and I am sure he will_time.7was a real race_time to get the project done.Luckily，we made it.8Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does pushups too to stay_shap
6、e.9Theres no reason to be disappointed._a matter of fact，this could be rather amusing.10Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence._the other hand，it could just put you in debt.11Check carrots，potatoes，onions and any other vegetables_and immediately use or throw aw
7、ay any which show signs of rotting.12It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life_his great wealth.13The Scottish girl _ blue eyes won the first prize in the Fifth Chinese Speech Contest.14She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went_the road.15Jane is in a hurry because the train
8、to the airport leaves _ half an hour.16Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden？They are_everyones enjoyment.17It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot_easy reach.18So，I just looked at her_a questioning expression on my face.19Nancy suffered_a serious disease and she cou
9、ld no longer walk.20He asked me to feed the birds for him and said that he would leave the key_his front door in my mailbox.21I once took a walk along the street on a Saturday dusk，_a Pepsi can in my hand.22She stared at me_a few seconds and handed back the money.23It was a cold and cloudy afternoon
10、.I was on the bus with my children，aged four and two，heading home when it started to rain.I realized this would mean a wet walk home_the bus stop.24Dudley has a history dating back to over 1，000 years，and its famous castle has been there_the 8th century.25Children need friends_their own age to play
11、with.答案 1.without 2.for 3.by 4.to 5.for 6.in 7against 8.in 9.As 10.On 11.in 12.despite 13with 14.off 15.in 16.for 17.within 18.with 19from 20.to 21.with 22.for 23.from 24.since 25.of.语篇填空(用适当的介词完成下列短文)Fathers Day occurs 1._the third Sunday 2._June.The idea for creating a day 3._children to honor the
12、ir fathers began in Spokane，Washington.A woman 4._the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought 5._the idea for Fathers Day while listening to a Mothers Day sermon 6._1909.Having been raised 7._her father，Henry Jackson Smart，after her mother died，Sonora wanted her father to know how special he was 8._her.It
13、 was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was，9._the eyes of his daughter，a courageous，selfless，and loving man.Sonoras father was born in June，so she chose to hold the first Fathers Day celebration 10._Spokane，Washington 11._the 19th of June，1910.In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge ann
14、ounced the third Sunday in June 12._Fathers Day.Roses are the Fathers Day flowers.答案 1.on 2.in 3.for 4.by 5.of 6.in 7.by 8to 9.in 10.in 11.on 12.as 二、连词 1表并列关系：and，not only.but(also).，neither，nor，neither.nor.等词连接的并列句，在意义上主要对前一句子作补充或引申，包括肯定和否定两方面的意义。Think it over，and youll find a way out.Not only is
15、he himself interested in the subject，but also his students begin to show interest in it.Neither does he work hard，nor does his brother.2表选择关系：or，either.or.连接并列句表示选择意义。The children can go with us，or they can stay in.Either you or I am right.You have to move out of the way or the truck cannot get past
16、 you.3表转折关系：常用的有but，yet，while等。Jane said she was ill，yet I saw her in the street just now.Some men are rich，while others are poor.however另起新句，用逗号与句子隔开；but不需另起新句；while既表示对比，又表转折。He tried hard to catch up with his classmates，but he failed.Mr.White is fat，while his wife is very thin.James thought his e
17、xplanation was convincing.However，nobody believed him.4表因果关系：常用的有so，for。Some animals carry seeds from one place to another so plants can spread to new places.5when引导时间状语从句，意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作：be about to do.when.be doing.when.be on the point of doing.when.had just done.when.Tom was abo
18、ut to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.We were having a meeting when someone broke in.when还可表原因，意为“既然”。How can I help them to understand when they wont listen to me?6before(1)若表达“还未就；不到就；才；趁；还没来得及就”时，需要连词before。The girl had hardly rung the bell before the door was opened sudd
19、enly，and her friend rushed out to greet her.Please write it down before you forget it.(2)It will be一段时间before.“多久之后才”。John thinks it wont be long before he is ready for his new job.Its quite a time since he got injured，but it wont be long before he returns to the court.用适当的连词填空 1Give me a chance，_ I
20、ll give you a wonderful surprise.2I was glad to meet Jenny again，_I didnt want to spend all day with her.3Read this story，_you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.4Theres no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery_another man，also intelligent，fails.5Its not easy
21、 to change habits，_with awareness and selfcontrol，it is possible.6Bring the flowers into a warm room_theyll soon open.7One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away_my daughter heard cries for help.8The problem was a little hard，_I was able to work it out.9I then realized she had no arms_le
22、gs，just a head，neck and torso.10He took the old man not just across the river，_to his home.11The government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population，rather than one which is stable_in decline.12Stand over there_youll be able to see the oil painting better.13He fou
23、nd it increasingly difficult to read，_his eyesight was beginning to fail.14We were swimming in the lake_suddenly the storm started.15We are going to the bookstore in Johns car.You can come with us_you can meet us there later.16At last，we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade_
24、sat down to eat our picnic lunch.17Some of us dont have much pocket money，_they feel unhappy.1879.3%of the surveyed netizens say that their main motivation is to help their parents to live a better life_67.7%claim that they work hard in order to change their own fate.19It looked like rain._，it is cl
25、ear this morning.20She said that it was so，she was mistaken，_ 21The film is short_interesting.22It often rains in the south，_it seldom rains in the north.23_I admit he is good at maths，I dont think he is a gifted boy.答案 1.and 2.but 3.and 4.while 5.but 6.and 7.when 8.but/yet 9.or 10.but 11.or 12.and
26、13for 14.when 15.or 16.and 17.so 18.while 19However 20.however 21.but 22.while 23.While.翻译句子 1昆明的天气不会太冷或太热，气候十分宜人。(neither.nor)_ 答案 The weather in Kunming is neither too cold nor too hot.The climate is very pleasant.2他可能病了，因为他今天没来开会。(for)_ 答案 He may be ill，for he is absent from the meeting today.3你进
27、来时，我正和几个小男孩说话。(when)_ 答案 When you came in，I was talking with a few boys.4确保没有错误后再交试卷。(before)_ 答案 Dont hand in your paper before you are sure there are no mistakes.语篇填空(用适当的连接词完成下列短文)It may help you to know 1._there is no such thing as a perfect speech.At some point in every speech，every speaker say
28、s something that is not understood exactly 2._he has planned.Fortunately，the moments are usually not obvious to the listeners.Why？3._the listeners do not know 4._the speaker plans to say.They hear only 5._the speaker does say.6._you lose your place for a moment，wrongly change the order of a couple o
29、f sentences，or forget to pause at a certain point，no one will be any the wiser.7._such moments occur，dont worry about them.Just continue as if nothing happened.8_you do make an obvious mistake during a speech，that doesnt really matter.In fact，the listeners are not looking for a perfect performer.The
30、y are looking for a wellthoughtout speech that expresses the speakers ideas clearly and directly.9._you work on your speech，dont worry about being imperfect.10._you free your mind of this，you will find it much easier to give your speech freely.答案 1.that 2.as 3.Because 4.what 5.what 6.If 7When 8.Even if 9.As 10.Once