1、第二部分 单项填空考点6 动词的时态和语态常见的八种时态及其延伸时态的含义和基本用法.主动语态、被动语态的含义和用法.情态动词 + have + 过去分词结构动词时态是高中语法的重点和难点，当然也就是高考的命题热点了。判断时态的关键在于正确认定行为动作发生的时间。根据时间状语直接地判断时态比较简单，但必须牢牢掌握与各种时态连用的时间状语。同时，正确分析试题的时态语境是非常重要的。这里的“语境”是指上下文的时间信息，入是题干所提供的对话，或是单句，找出信息词，确定行为动作发生的时间，从而判断句子的时态。这仍然是命题的焦点。经典易错题会诊命题角度 1 常见的八种时态及其延伸时态的含义和平共处基本用
2、法1 (典型例题北 ) He was hoping to go abroad but his parents _ that they wont support him unless he can borrow money from the bank.A. were deciding B. have decided C. decided D. will decide 考场错解 C 专家把脉 前面的was hoping有很大的干扰，考生以为是过去的动作，从而错选C。but之后的句意为:他的父母决定，除非他从银行借钱，否则他们是不会支持的。那么是已经决定，过去发生的动作，对现在造成了影响，符合现在完
3、成时的含义与用法。 对症下药 B 考场错解 C2.(典型例题苏) They _ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we it as no good results have come out so far. A. had been working; are still working B. had worked; were still working C. have been working; have worked D. have worked; are still working 专家把脉 本题
4、有两个不同的语境。前者是在我加入以前他们已经干了一个星期，是过去的过去，用过去完成时；后者则用现在进行时来表示目前仍然处于的状态。时间状语so far是修饰动作come out的。 对症下药 A3.(典型例题) Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no idea. He _ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done 考场错解 A 专家把脉 这里的时间状语this moring很容易让考生误选一般过去时。句意为:Sam今天写完作业了吗?我不知道，他今天上午在做着呢。
5、应该使用过去进行时，表示上午当时正做着，但不知是否完成。状语this moming前加上by，则可用过去完成时。 对症下药 C4.(典型例题国 ) The window is dirty. I know. It for weeks. A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned 考场错解 B 专家把脉 题干中的时间状语for weeks是某段时间。根据后者所说:我知道，它已经好几周没擦了。窗户应该是被擦，而且过去的动作影响到现在，所以应该用现在完成时的被动语态。 对症下药 D5.(典型例题国 )Th
6、ank goodness, you are here! What_ you?Traffic jam.A. keeps B. is keeping C. had kept D. kept 考场错解 C 专家把脉 根据语义Youre here(你终于到了)，那么后面是叙述在到达之前所发生的事情，说明动作已经终止，用一般过去时。如果说强调对现在的影响，也只能是现在完成时，所以C项是错误的。 对症下药 D6.(典型例题庆) The crazy fans patiently for two hours, and they would wait till the movie star arrived.A.
7、 were waiting B. had been waiting C. had waited D. would wait 考场错解 A、C、或D 专家把脉 题于意思为:那些疯狂的影迷已经耐心地等了两个小时，而且他们会一直等到那位影星的出现谓语是针对过去某个时候而言一直持续的状态，故需要用过去完成进行时 不是过去某个时候正在发生的动作 (A)或即将发生的动作(D):若选C，最好是不再继续等待。 对症下药 B7.(典型例题宁 )Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else _ such a beautiful palace. A.
8、 can you find B. you could tlnd C. you can find D. could you find 考场错解 D 专家把脉 这里并非是疑问句中could表示委婉语气，排除B、D、本题but后的并列简单句是以nowhere else这个否定词开始，故要用倒装语序，从时态一致的角度考虑，选A。 对症下药 A8.(典型例题 ) The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people to eat more fruit and vegetables.A. persuade B.
9、will persuaded C. be persuaded D. are persuaded 考场错解 B 专家把脉 尽管句中是指将来的事情，但条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，在这时“如果人们被说服或被劝告”，含有被动之意，所以选用一般现在时的被动语态， 对症下药 D9.(典型例题京) Now that she is out of job, Lucy going back to school, but she hasat decided yet. A. had considered B. has been considering C. considered D. is going
10、 to considered 考场错解 C 专家把脉 从题干中得知，Lucy失业，从主句的后半句得知她还没有决定是否回学校，因此，前面是指她一直在考虑着回学校，符合现在完成进行时的含义， 对症下药 B专家会诊使用各种时态时的注意事项 1.一般现在时(1) 有计划的动作常用来表示计划、安排好了的将来动作，如go，come，start，leave，take off(起飞)，arrive，return等。例如:I leave for Beijing next Monday.The meeting begins in a minute.(2) 在here，there，in等开头的倒装句中，一般现在时代
11、替一般将来时。例如: I leave for Beijing next Monday.There goes the bell. In came the teacher.(3)表示感觉、状态、思想或理解的动词，如see ，hear，think，hope，wish，know， forget，understand，like，hate，mean，be feel，fit 等常有可用于一般现在时。例如: I feel a sudden pain in my head.2.一般过去时 在口语中，want，hope，wish，wonder，think等动词可用一般过去时表示现在的一种委婉的语气或一种试探性的态
12、度；情态动词的过去式could， should，would，might也可用于现在或将来时表示一种委婉语气。例如: I wanted to ask if you could help me.Could you lend me your dictionary?Would you like to have a walk in the garden with me?What should I do now? 3.一般将来时 (1)条件状语从句中，will可以用作情态动词，表示“意愿”。Will还可以用作表示一种倾向或习惯动作。例如: If you will wait for me, I shall
13、go with you. (表示意愿) Crops will die without water. (表示倾向性) Where there is water, there will be life. (表示习惯性)(3) be doing限于某些非延续性动词，如go， come，leave，start，finish等，表示按计划安排要发生的事。例如:I am finishing my homework.He is coming.They are leaving for Tibet. 4.现在进行时 (1)用来表示现阶段正在进行的动作，尽管此刻这一动作不一定正在进行。例如: How are yo
14、u getting along with your work these days?(2)在时间、条件状语从句中，有时可用进行时来代替一般将来时。例如: Dont mention this when you are talking with the manager.(3)现在进行时与always，all the time，forever， constantly等词连用时，表示感叹、惊讶、厌恶等情绪。例如: He is always thinking of his study. (表示赞许)Tom is talking his past all the time. (表示厌恶)(4)连系动词lo
15、ok，feel，smdl，taste，sound等，表示心理的动词want，like，prefer，have等一般不用于进行时态，也没有被动语态。但是，turn，become，get，grow，go等表示由一种状态进入另一种状态时，用进行时。例如: She feels worse today. The fish smells good.The rich man is becoming poorer and poorer.(改变状态)Its getting darker and darker.(改变状态) 5.般过去时和现在完成时的区别 (1)一般过去时所表示的一个和一段过去时间是可以具体确定的
16、，与其他时间没有牵连。所表示的事情纯属过去，和现在的情况没有关系。 Who pointed out the mistake? He will never be what he used to be. He went to town yesterday. ( 过去某次 )When I was young, I took bath regularly. (过去经常) I would tell him the great changes when I was in his home. (经常发生的动作)现在完成时表示的事情发生在不能具体指出的现在以前的过去某个或某段时间，所表示的事情与现在情况有关系
17、，是过去事情在现在产生的结果或对现在的影响。例如:Have you ever been to Shanghai?He has gone to the library.(2)一般过去时常用的时间状语有yesterday， last night，two days ago，at that time等；例如:At that time, he was very poor.I finished my homework two days ago.现在完成时常用的状语，副词有already，just， yet，never，ever，before等，与表示从过去延续到现在并包括现在在内的一段时间状语连用，如to
18、day， now，lately，recently，in the lastpast few days weeksyears，since then，up to now，so far等。例如:I have never seen such a big apple. He has remembered 500 words this month. He has been there for five months. I havent seen him since 典型例题 I havent seen him since he left.I wont believe you until I have see
19、n it with my own eyes. 比较下面句子，体会两种时态的不同: He served in the army from 1999 to 典型例题指过去的一件事，现在不是军人) He has served in the army for 6 years.(现在还在服役) He wrote many novels when he was at college. (写许多小说是读大学时的事情) He has written many novels。(写过许多小说，还在写)I saw War and Peace lastyear.(去年看的)I have seen War and Pe
20、ace before.(以前看过) 6.现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别 现在完成时的动作发生在过去，对现在有着影响；现在完成进行时则强调延续或直接结果。例如: You look so tired ,what have you been doing? We have been discussing the problem but we havent drawn a conclusion.考场维训练1 I _ with my uncle and aunt because my parents have gone abroad for a holiday.A. stayed B. am stayi
21、ng C. have stayed D. was staying答案: B解析:从后文可知父母还在度假，那么是现在正在和叔叔一起住。 2 At last we got the letter we _ long _A. had; been expecting B. were; expecting C. had; been expected D. have; been expecting答案: A解析:根据语境，我们一直期待的信，用过去完成进行时。 3 Whats the weather like tomorrow?Well, I _ it, for the scenic pictures dre
22、w my attention as the weather forecast was going on.A. was missing B. missed C. will miss D. had misse答案: B解析:错过了是过去的事情。 4 May I speak to your manager at four o clock this afternoon ?Im sorry. He to a conference long before then.A. will have gone B. had gone C. would go D. has gone答案: A解析:在那个时候已经发生了
23、，将来完成时。 5 Has George returned from Japan yet? Id like to meet him.Im terribly sorry, but he _ back here only for last weekend.A. has been B. would be C. had been D. was答案: D解析:这里时间状语for last week并不是表示一段时间，只是说明一个过去的情况。命题角度 2 主动语态、被动语态的含义和用法1 (典型例题庆) Millions of pounds worth of damage _ by a storm whi
24、ch swept across the north of England last night.A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused 考场错解 B 专家把脉 损失是暴风雨造成的，所以应该是被动。但如果被题干中的过去时迷惑而用过去完成时的B项就错了。暴风雨是昨晚发生的事情，但由此造成的影响还在继续，所以应当用现在完成时的被动语态。 对症下药 A2.(典型例题 )Why did you leave that position? I _ a better position at
25、 IBM. A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered 考场错解 C 专家把脉 动词offer常用在offereb.sth.结构中，这里主语是I，故用被动语态。又因为动作发生在过去，因此选D。 对症下药 D3.(典型例题 ) Sarah,hurry up. Im afraid you wouldnt have time to _ before the party.A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change 考场错解 D 专家把脉 本题考查系表结构。“get ch
26、anged是换衣服的意思，changed是过去分词做表语。类似的还有 get dressed，get seated等。 对症下药 A4.(典型例题国)According to the art dealer, the painting to go for at least a million dollars. A. is expected B. expects C. expected D. is expecting 考场错解 D 专家把脉 句意为:按绘画经纪人的话来说，这幅画预料至少值100万美元。句子的主语是painting，不能发出预料的动作，应该是“被指望、被预料”，所以用被动语态。 对症
27、下药 A5.(典型例题京)The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _ by 2007. A. has been completed B. has completed C. will have been completed D. will have completed考场错解 D 专家把脉 题干中有明显的时间状语by 2007，是一个将来的时间。短语by+将来的时间和将来完成时连用，同时construction和complete是被动关系，故用将来完成时的被动语态形式。 对症下药
28、C6.(典型例题)Why dont you put the meat in the fridge? It will fresh for several days. A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed 考场错解 A 专家把脉 一方面题干的意思说明“可以保留好几天”，是将来时态，一方面动词stay这里用作连系动词，不能用于被动语态，所以选B。 对症下药 B专家会诊 1.在口语和非正式场合下为了强调动作，常用“get+过去分词”结构。有时带有不愉快、不顺利 的含义。其否定和疑问句要借助动词do来构成。有时也会出现“become+过去分词
29、”的结构。例如: He got wounded in a battle.She got married last week.The patient gets treated once a week.Did you get scolded yesterday?He became seized with a deep sorrow.2.短语动词和含有情态动词的被动语态形式短语动词的被动结构中，构成短语动词的介词或副词不能省略。情态动词的被动语态形式是:情态动词 + be + 过去分词。例如: The old woman was often laughed at. The doctor has be
30、en sent for. Time must be made good use of. The plan will be given up. Bad habits have been done away with. The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible. 3.主动形式表示被动意义的情况:1)某些连系动词的主动形式表示被动意义，如look(看上去)，smell，taste，sound，feel，appear (似乎)，prove(证明)，后面接形容词或名词做表语。例如:The roses smell sweet.Th
31、e theory proved true.The examination turned out easy.2)某些具有及物意义的不及物动词的主动形式表示被动意义，如read，write，translate，record， lock，shut，open，wash，clean，run，sell等，此时主语大多指物，并且一般和副词连用。例如:Your composition reads well.His voice records well.The door locks easily.The coat wears well.3)表示开始、结束、运动的动词，如begin， finish，start，o
32、pen，close，stop，end，shut，rna，move等。例如Work began at 7oclock this morning.The shop closes at 6 p.m. everyday.4)少数动词用于进行时，主动形式表示被动含义，如print，build，cook，fly，hang，make等。例如:The books are printing.The meat is cooking.My coat is hanging behind the door.(5)某些不及物动词(短语)的主动形式表示被动的意义。常见的有:happen，take place，break o
33、ut，belong to，go out，run out等。例如:The accident happened yesterday evening.The Anti -Japanese War broke out in 1937.The fire went out gradually.All of our food has run out.考场思维训练1 the Christmas card Mr. White ?No. Its still on the desk.A. Has; given B. Was; given C. Has; been given D. Will; be given答案:
34、 C解析:强调有没有被送去。 2 Only when your identity has been checked, _. A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in答案: D解析:将来的事情，被许可。3 Do you know anyone in Paris? No, but Ill make friends once _ A. Im settled B. Ill be settled C. Ive been settled D. I had se
35、ttled答案: A解析:动作并未发生，不能用完成时，这里be settled表示状态。 4 The high standard of the nations literature and art _ widespread attention. A. was attracted B. have attracted C. has attracted D. has been attracted答案: C解析:表示“某事吸引某事”，主动代替被动，同时主语是不可数名词standard。5 Slowly the old woman took out her pocket book, and an old
36、 photograph _ out of it. A. dropped B. was dropped C. was dropping D. had been dropped答案: A解析:这里drop是不及物动词。6 These shoes are of high quality and _ long. A. are worn B. are wearing C. are worn out D. wear答案: D解析:表示穿的时间长，主动代替被动。命题角度 3 情态动词+have+过去分词结构1 (典型例题) When the old man _ to walk back to his hou
37、se, the sun _ itself behind the mountain.A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid 考场错解 D 专家把脉 如果误解为“waswere doing. when.”(即将突然)句型，就会错选D。从句意看 hide的动作在start之前就已经开始了，应当用过去完成时来表示过去的过去。 对症下药 A2.(典型例题京)Scientists think that the conti
38、nents _ where they _ today. A. arent; are B. arent; were C. werent; are D. werent; were 考场错解 A 专家把脉 单纯看时间状语好像是用现在时态，但语境告诉我们的是今天各个大陆板块的位置与过去的不同，因此，前者是一般过去时，后者才是一般现在时。 对症下药 C3.(典型例题国) Lets keep to the point or we _ any decisions. A. will never reach B. have never reached C. never reach D. never reache
39、d 考场错解 C 专家把脉 考查“祈使句 + orand + 陈述句”结构的用法。一般陈述句中是一般将来时。根据本句的意思:咱们还是抓住要点(别跑题)，否则就永远得不出结论(做不出决定)，应选一般将来时。 对症下药 A4.(典型例题徽)That was really a splendid evening. Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much. A. when B. that C. before D. since 考场错解 A 专家把脉 看起来似乎是连接词的选择，本题暗含了句型“It ishas been+一段时间+since从句”，且 since从句中一般
40、用一般过去时，如果前面是was，则since从句中用过去完成时。 对症下药 D专家会诊固定句式中的时态和语态的情况: 1.在if, unlless，evenif 引导的条件状语从句中，在when，until(till)，as soon ss，the moment，once引导的时间状语从句中，no mater whatwhowhichwhenwherehow或whateverwhoeverwhicheverwheneverwhereverhowever引导的让步状语从句中，如果主句是将来时(往往出现wilL shallcanmust)或主句是祈使句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。例如:Ill
41、 not go unless I am invited.Tell him the news as soon as he comes.2. “be + to do”表示拟订或计划中将发生的行为或按职责义务必须去做的事情；“be about to do”表示即将发生的事，句中一般不使用时间状语。例如:All the questions are to be answered at once.(表示拟订的事情)No one is to leave the room without the permission of the police.(表示按职责必须做的事)They are about to le
42、ave tonight.(错误，去掉tonight) 3.语境中的过去时，往往表示“刚才，刚刚”的意思，暗示现在已“不再这样”。例如: I dont knew you were here.(说话时已经知道了你在这儿) I never thought he would do that.(说话时已经知道了他会这样做) 4.表示愿望、打算一类的词，如hope，expect， mean，intend，want，think，suppose，want等，其过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的愿望或意图。例如: I had hoped to see more of NewYork.(实际上没能实现) I had m
43、eant to help you，but I was too busy at that moment.(本来打算帮你，但没有实现) I had thought that he would come tomorrow. (结果是他明天不能来) 5.三个特殊句式的固定时态。(1) ThisIt is the firstsecond.time + that从句。从句中一般用现在完成时，前面的is为was时，则用过去完成时。例如:This the firsr time I have come to the famous city.It was the forth time he had made th
44、e same mistake.(2)It ishas been + 一段时间 + since从句。 since从句中一般用一般过去时，如果前面是was，则since从句中用过去完成时。例如:It was ten years since we had hadsuch a wonderful time.(3)It + be + 一段时间 + before从句。如果主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来，意思是多长时间后即将发生某事；如果主句用过去时，从句也用过去时，意思是多长时间后发生了某事。例如:It wont be long before he succeeds.(要不了多久他就会成功)It
45、was ten years before they met again.(十年后,他们又见面了)考场思维训练1 The cell phone I _ I is on the back seat of my ear.A. thought; had lost B. think; had lost C. thought; have lost D. think; lost答案: A解析:见固定句式中的时态用法。2 Alice. you looked puzzled. Have you understood it?Yes. I another problem just now.A. have thoug
46、ht of B. am thinking of C. had thought of D. Was thinking of答案: D解析:暗示现在没有想了。3 _ I toured Zhangjiajie, I was deeply impressed with its beautiful scenery.A. For the first time B. At first C. It was the first time D. The first time答案: D解析:The first time引导时间状语从句。探究开放题预测预测角度 1 动词时态是高中语法的重点和难点，当然也就是高考的命题
47、热点了。判断时态的关键在于正确认定行为动作发生的时间。根据时间状语直接地判断时态比较简单，但必须牢牢掌握与各种时态连用的时间状语。同时，正确分析试题的肘态语境是非常重要的。这里的“语境”是指上下文的时间信息，或呈题干所提供的对话，或是单句，找出信息词，确定行为动作发生的时间，从而判断句子的时态。这仍然是命题的焦点。 1.At this time tomorrow, at home with a cup of tea. A. I am going to watch TV B. I will be watching TV C. I 11 watch TV D. Im to watch TV解题思路
48、 从题干的时间状语At this time tomorrow可知，应该是“明天的这个时候”在干什么，所以用将来进行时 而A、C、D项都表示将来时间，be going用于已经决定的事情或将来肯定会发生的事情，shallwill do用于预料将要发生的事情，be to do用于计划、安排将要做的事情，不符合题意 解答 B2.Hey, boy! l,ook where you are going! Oh, lm terrihly sorry, _ . A. Im not noticing B. I wasnt noticing C. I am not uoticed D. I dont notice
49、d 解题思路 题干中没有明显的时间状语，但从Im terribly sorry可知，是在提醒下现在知道了自己的错误，没有“notice”是过去的事情，所以还是用过去进行时 解答 B3.All the preparations for lhe task . and theyre ready to start. A. cnmpleted B. complete C. had been cumpleted D. have been completed解题思路 句子的后半部分是and引导的并列句，句意是:他们准备开始了，并且所有的准备工作已经做好了，符合现在完成时的含义和用法 解答 D考点高分解题综合
50、训练I.单项选择1 I used to drink a lot of coffee but these days I _ tea. A. prefer B. am preferring C. preferred D. have preferred答案: A解析:一般现在时表示现在的状况。2 Do you know when she Sorry, I dont, but Ill let you know when she ? A. comes; comes B. comes; will come C. will come; will come D. will come; comes答案: D解析
51、:前者宾语从句，将来时；后者状语从句，现在时代替将来时。3 How is she getting along with her English study? Sorry, I dont know, because I her as much as I used to for almost two years. A. havent met B. didnt meet C. am not meeting D. dont meet答案: A解析:时间状语for almost two years是完成时的标志。4 Do you know what Tom does all day? I know he
52、 spends at least as much time watching TV as he his lessons. A. is doing B. does C. spends in D. does doing答案: D解析:does doing体现了spend + 时间 + in doing sth.5 In order to protect the drinking water area, _ . A. the villagers will plant many trees B. many trees will be planted C. planting many trees is
53、necessaryD. its necessary for the villagers to plant many trees答案: A解析:逻辑上要保持一致。6 Mr. Wang told ne that four-fifths d the houses _ . A. have been sold out B. had been sold out C. were sold out D. was sold out答案: B解析:told是过去时，从句为过去完成时，sell out“售完”，强调被动。7 I know Jack spends at least as much time readi
54、ng as he . A. does writing B. is writing C. writes D. does to write答案: A解析:从句中does代替spend.8 Look! There is a whole crowd of people over there. Go and see what _ and if it is a bargain, buy it. A. is being sold B. has been sold C. is selling D. has been sold答案: A解析:由句意可知被动的动作正在发生，用现在进行时的被动语态。9 What h
55、appened to her teeth? She _ the apple more than she could chew. A. bites B. was biting C. bit D. has bitten答案: A解析:“bite”的动作发生在过去。10 Very did you arrived so late? Im sorry, but I the road to be so icy.A. wouldnt expect B. havent expected C. hadnt expected D. washt expecting答案: C解析:没有料到的动作在arrived之前，
56、即“过去的过去”。11 Why did you come by taxi? My bike broke down last night and I it repaired. A. didnt have B. dont have C. dont had D. havent had答案: D解析:过去坏了但还没有修理造成了影响，现在完成时。12 Is Bill playing beth football and basketball for the school? He .Unfortunately hes now given up football.A. is B. has C. was D.
57、had答案: C解析:由下句可知，过去踢球(was playing)。13 What were you doing when I phoned you last night?I _ my paper and was beginning to take a bath.A. have finished B. had finished C. was finishing D. finished答案: B解析:finish发生在过去的动作(was beginning to take a bath)之前。14 I wonder what has become of your company? ? It i
58、s as good as ruined because of bad management.A. Dont you hear about it B. Havent you heard about it C. Didnt you hear about it D. Hadnt you heard about it答案: B15 The truth, Sir, is that the old man _ across the street when my car hit him.A. was to walk B. had been walking C. walked D. was walked答案:
59、 B解析:意思是“车撞上他时，他正在过马路”。16 What is all this excitement about? You a fuss about nothing.A. have made B. are making C. will make D. were making答案: B解析:从前文推断。17 Why havent I seen Mary recently?Oh, because it is two weeks since she _ here.A. lived B. got C. has lived D. had got答案: A解析:句意是“她已两周不在这里住了”，从句是
60、一般过去时。18 He kept looking at her, wondering he _ her somewhere.A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen答案: D解析:强调过去的过去。19 You are late for the examination.Sorry! I should have been here on time but I _ in the traffic jam.A. was caught B. caught C. had caught D. have been caught答案: A解析:be caugh in“碰上”。2
61、0 The twins will fly to London with their parents this afternoon? No. In fact, their plane _ from Shanghai ahead of time. A. has taken off B. will take off C. is taken off D. is being take off答案: A解析:根据题意，飞机已提前起飞，用现在完成时。21 Why do you look worried? Jane left the company half a month ago. Her work unf
62、inished since. A. left B. was left C. has left D. has been left答案: D解析:since后省略了half a month ago，所以用完成时，work和leave是被动关系。22 By the time he arrives here, we _ here for three months. A. have been staying B. have stayed C. shall stay D. will have stayed答案: D解析:时间状语By the time he arrives here，将来完成时。23 Ha
63、ve you thought of a topic for your article yet? No, I _ a lot about it, but I havent decided. A. will think B. have been thinking C. had thought D. was thinking答案: B解析:“到现在一直在想”，现在完成进行时。24 Whats wrong with your mobile phone? I cant get through. Oh, the communication company cut off my line, because
64、I _ my bill. A. havent paid B. hadnt paid C. eant pay D. dont pay答案: B解析:没有缴费发生在过去的过去。25 With the development of science, more new technology to the fields of IT. A. has introduced B. is being introduced C. is introdueed D. was introduced答案: B解析:“新技术正在被引进”，进行时的被动语态。26 By the time I saw the angry exp
65、ression on his face, I _ exactly what I was having to face. But not for a moment _ I should quit. A. have known; had I thought B. would know; I would think C. knew; did I think D. had known; I thought答案: C解析:题干是一个过去的时间背景，后者否定意义开头，用部分倒装形式。 27 About 170 people _ dozens more _after a flood hit an Indon
66、esian village last week. A. were killed; are still missing B. have been killed; were still missing C. are killed; are still missingD. had been killed; were still missing答案: A解析:前者kill是过去的事情，后者仍然是在失踪之中。28 He must be getting thin, for his trousers _ badly like a flag in the wind. A. are flowing B. flo
67、w C. flowed D. have flowed答案: A解析:强调此时正在风中飞舞。29 The fire _ four hours before it was completely controlled. A. lasted B. was lasted C. has lasted D. had been lasted答案: C解析:last表示“持续，维持”，一般不用于被动语态，动作发生在过去的过去。30 Thousands and thousands of slaves in America _ , so they called for freedom of all slaves a
68、nd still they are fighting for their rights. A. had beaten to death B. were beaten to death C. had been beaten to death D. have been beaten to death答案: C解析:短语beat sb.to death的主语是人时，常用被动，这里强调过去的动作对现在的影响，现在完成时。31 Have you read Gone With the Wind? Yes. While in America, I _ it a couple of times. A. hav
69、e read B. read C. had read D. would read答案: B解析:前句说在美国时，所以是一般过去的动作。32 When will you be back? Well, it wont be_ I _ to stay with you again. A. long before; return B. before long; will return C. long after; return D. long after; will return答案: A解析:在句型It wont long before.中，从句用一 般现在时代替一般将来时。33 Every tea
70、cher every student _ to come to class at once. A. have told B. has told C. have been told D. has been told答案: D解析:Every teacher every student做主语时，谓语动词用单数。34 Mikes father hopes Mike _ to the party as he often gets drunk. A. isnt going B. doesnt go C. wouldnt go D. not to go答案: A解析:hope不能接宾补，B、C时态错误。3
71、5 Mr.Baker _ to arrive in London on Tuesday, but he did not get there _ Friday. A. hoped; on B. hoped; until C. had hoped; on D. had hoped; until答案: D解析:表示愿望、打算一类的动词用过去完成时来表示与事实相反。36 _ you _ to the radio? No, you can turn it off. A. Did; listen B. Have; listened C. Will; listen D. Are; listening答案:
72、D解析:从turn off来看是说正在进行的动作。37 The Olympic Games, first celebrated in Athens in 1896, every four years so far this century, except during the two world wars. A. are held B. were held C. have been held D. had been held答案: C解析:时间状语so far.38 Dont take his remarks too seriously. He was so sad that I dont t
73、hink he really _ what he was saying. A. knew B. knows C. was knowing D. bad known答案: A39 I saw that new film yesterday. Did you? I _ it yet. A. didnt see B. hadnt seen C. havent seen D. not saw答案: C 解析:“我还没有看”，现在完成时。40 John and I _ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christ
74、mas Party. But we _ each other a couple of times before that. A. had been; have seen B.have been; have seen C. had been; had seen D. have been; had seen答案: D解析:第一空表示到目前为止，现在完成时；第二 空受before that的影响，表示过去的过去。41 There was water everywhere, and it _ ali day. A. rained B. was mining C. had been raining D.
75、 have rained答案: C解析:表示过去某个时刻开始一直处于的状态。42 Could you take a message for Mr. Brown? Certainly. I _ him about something else in any case, so it _ any bother. A. may see; isnt B. see; wont be C. will see; is D. will be seeing; wont be答案: D43 Ive bought a box of chocolates for our daughter. Oh, how good a
76、 dad! But she deosnt like sweet things, that? A. dont you know B. havent you known C. didnt you know D. hadnt you known答案: C解析:“难道你不知道”，故用过去时。44 With a covering of ice in the plastic box, these fish will _ fresh overnight. A. keep B. be stayed C. have kept D. be staying答案: A45 Look! Someone has spil
77、t coffee on the carpet. Well, it me. A. isnt B. wasnt C. hasnt been D. hadnt been答案: B解析:事情发生在过去。46 It is said that all the people trapped in the mine have been saved. Its not true. In fact, the rescue . A. has carried ont B. has been carried ont C. is going on D. is being going on答案: C解析:营救正在进行中，go
78、 on无被动语态。47 You are a naughty boy. Id rather you just _in bed and _ anything for at least two days. A. stayed; did B. stay; dont C. stayed; dont do D. stayed; didnt do答案: D解析:would rather句型中动词的特殊形式。48 _ we _ the work by next Friday, we wont be able to attend the meeting. A. If; shall finish B. Unles
79、s; finish C. When; finish D. Once; finish答案: B49 Do you know about the Road Traffic Safety Law? Of course. It went into effect in May and traffic safety in our city _ since. A. improved B. has improved C. had improved D. will have improved答案: B解析:不能受and前时态的影响，句末的since是关键。50 Are you sure that Mr. Smi
80、th will come to our party?Yes, he . What about Mr. Black?He cant, though he _ .A. promised; promised B. has promised; had promised C. promised; had promised D. has promised; promised答案: D解析:第一空强调对现在造成的影响，后者则没有。.完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从5170各题所给的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The 28-year-old gift had spent six year
81、s working nights while she gained her university degree during the day. When she finally 51 , she had her eye on a teaching 52 at a nearby primary school. With the help of her friends, she had 53 with the Head. “I noticed a(n) 54 hole in one of my stockings earlier,” she recalls. “I thought about 55
82、 them, but I knew Id be late if I did. And by the time I got to the interview, 56 bigger. I walked in 57 for not looking my best.” The would-be teacher didnt 58 the job. In fact one of her friends told her that the Heads only comment was: “If someone doesnt take time to present her best image at an
83、interview, what kind of 59 is she going to be?” In job - hunting, personal 60 is very important. After all, youre selling a product 61 to an employer.When going to a job interview, always brush your hair tidily,polish your shoes and above all, 62 yourself properly. It will give you competitive advan
84、tage and a positive first 63. The above idea was also suggested in a best-seller for jobseekers named Dress For Success. First impressions are 64 ones. In other words, if youre viewed positively within the critical (关键的) first four 65 , the person youve met will 66 feel everything you do is positive
85、. Leave the interviewer a 67 imression, and often he will guess you have a lot of other unsatisfactory characters. 68 , he or she may not take time to give you a second 69 . Most employers believe that those who look as if they care about 70 will care more about their jobs.51. A. chose B. returned C
86、. succeeded D. graduated答案: D 解析:根据首句，这位28岁的女士经过6年的学习，即将毕业。52. A. position B. advertisement C. guide D. competition答案: A解析:大学毕业后，她盯上了附近一所小学的一个教学岗位(position)。53. A. a word B. a discussion C. an agreement D. an interview答案: D解析:在朋友的帮助下，她才得以获得了校长面试的机会。54. A. tiny B. deep C. extra D. special答案: A解析:我早就注
87、意到了一只袜子上有一个小洞，下文的bigger更能验证当时洞还很小。55. A. throwing B. mending C. changing D. removing答案: C解析:考虑换双袜子，但会迟到。56. A. they were B. she was C. I was D. it was答案: D解析:到达面试地点时，小洞变大了，此处用it指代the tiny hole.57. A. hurriedly B. slowly C. apologizing D. answering答案: C解析:apologize for意思是“为道歉”。58. A. like B. get C. t
88、ake up D. give up答案: B解析:这位未来的老师就因为袜子上的一个小洞而没能得到那份工作。59. A. person B. worker C. graduate D. teacher答案: D解析:如果一个人在面试时都不花时间把自己打扮的最好的话，会成为什么样的一个老师?60. A. appearance B. experience C. ability D. preparation答案: A 解析:从上面的例子可知，在找工作时，个人的外表是多么的重要。61. A. yourself B. knowledge C. skills D. advice答案: A解析:在找工作面试时
89、，你是在推销你自己。62. A. design B. dress C. show D. introduce答案: B63. A. chance B. impression C. job D. reply答案: B解析:衣着得体会让你在竞争中有优势，也会给人一种肯定的第一印象。64. A. remaining B. lasting C. useful D. serious答案: B解析:第一印象往往是持久的，人们在很长一段时间里都难以改变。65. A. jobseekers B. interviewers C. tests D. minutes答案: D解析:既然是第一印象，当然是前四分钟，指开
90、头很短一段时间。66. A. rarely B. occasionally C. probably D. certainly答案: C解析:给人的第一印象是肯定的，那么面试者就极有可能会感到你所做的一切都是好的。67. A. light B. clear C. bad D. painful答案: C解析:谈完了给人留下好的第一印象，当然下面就谈坏的第一印象。68. A. In a word B. Whats worse C. By the way D. Once again答案: B 解析:如果第一印象不好，很可能他她不给你第二次机会。69. A. job B. thought C. chan
91、ce D. question答案: C70. A. students B. themselves C. dress D. salary答案: B解析:大部分的老板相信那些看起来对自己比较在乎的人会更在乎他们的工作。短文改错 此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断；如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个 ()；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正： 该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线()划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。 该行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。该行错一个词：在错的词下画一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正的词。注意：原
92、行没有错的不要改。Now, Id like to say something about TV.Many families have TV set and of course hardly 76. 答案: hardly改为almosteveryone likes watch TV. TV has many advantages. 77. 答案: watch改为watchingFor example, it could make people to know a lot of things 78. 答案: 去掉toin differently parts of the world and cou
93、ld help us to get 79. 答案: differently改为differentmore useful knowledge, know much about the world. 80. 答案: much改为moreSo, TV also has some disadvantages, for example, 81. 答案: So改为Howeverit does harm to your health if you will watch it too long. 82. 答案: 去掉willWhats more, watch too much TV has a bad effect on ones 83. 答案: watch改为watchingnormal work and study, specially for young peoples eyes. 84. 答案: specially改为especiallyIn a word, everyone ought to watch TV under control. 85. 答案: 正确
