1、十三Unit 4Period 1. 阅读理解AA simple gesture can be formed into a childs memory so quickly that it will cause the child to give a false answer to a question accompanied by that gesture. A new finding suggests that parents, social workers, psychologists and lawyers should be careful with their hands as we
2、ll as their words. Gestures can be as informative as speech, but hand gestures are so common that we rarely notice were using them. While the recollection(回忆) of both adults and children is easy to react to suggestions, the memories of children are known to be particularly influenced, said lead rese
3、archer Sara Broaders of Northwestern University. Kids are used to looking to adults to tell events for them and can be misled(误导) even if not intentionally(故意地). Previous research, for example, has shown that detail-loaded questions often cause false answers; when asked, say “Did you drink juice at
4、the picnic? ” the child is likely to say “yes” even if no juice had been available. It is not that the child is consciously lying, but rather the detail is quickly formed into his or her memory. To avoid this problem, social workers have long been advised to ask children only open-ended questions, s
5、uch as “What did you have at the picnic? ” But an open-ended question paired with a gesture, briefly meaning a juice box, is treated like a detailed question. That is, children become likely to answer falsely. And it isnt just a few kids: 77% of children gave at least one piece of false information
6、when a detail was suggested by an ordinary gesture. Gestures may also become more popular when talking with non-fluent language users, such as little kids. Broaders said as hand movements can impart meaning of unfamiliar words and phrases, “It certainly seems reasonable that adults would gesture mor
7、e with children. ”In general, Broaders advises parents and other adults to “try to be aware of your hands when questioning a child about an event. Otherwise, you might be getting answers that dont reflect what actually happened. ”【语篇概述】研究表明, 手势语有消极作用, 会误导对方, 尤其会误导孩子, 本文探索了其中的原因。1. According to the t
8、ext, gestures _. A. dont have any function at allB. are rarely used by peopleC. have certain effect on childrenD. are often used by social workers【解析】选C。细节理解题。文章第一段就指出手势语对孩子有影响, 而全文都在说这一观点, 故选C。2. Why are kids easy to be misled by gestures according to Sara Broaders? A. These gestures are very attra
9、ctive. B. Their memories are affected easily. C. Children are easy to tell lies. D. These gestures are used frequently. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段首句和第三段可知, 主要原因是孩子的记忆很容易受到外界的影响, 故选B。3. The underlined word “impart” in Paragraph 6 means _. A. separateB. tell apartC. confuseD. pass on【解析】选D。词义猜测题。由语境可知, 大人对孩子使
10、用更多的手势语是非常有理由的, 手势语能够传达那些不熟悉的单词和短语的含义, 故选D。4. What would be the best title for the text? A. Gesturesa Useful Way of EducationB. Gestures Can Mislead ChildrenC. Gestures Mean Adults DirectionsD. Gestures Affect Children Much【解析】选B。主旨大意题。短文主要介绍了一项研究结果: 手势语会对孩子产生误导作用。D项表达内容太宽泛, 故选B。B(2021南昌高二检测)Facial
11、expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A womans smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young chil
12、d. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures. For example, many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although
13、this is less common in big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians dont smile enough. In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with
14、a smile. Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotion
15、s. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly. It is difficul
16、t to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emot
17、ions are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了面部表情通常由语境和社会关系决定, 然而在不同的文化背景下, 相同的表情也可能表示不同的含义。所以为了不误读他人的表情, 我们应该了解他人的文化背景。5. What does the smile usually mean in the US? A. Love. B. Politenes
18、s. C. Joy. D. Thankfulness. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“For example, in American culture the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. ”可知, 在美国文化中微笑通常代表快乐。故选C。6. The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can _. A. show friendliness to strangersB. be used to hide true feelin
19、gsC. be used in the wrong placesD. show personal habits【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile. ”可知, 在越南微笑经常用来掩盖痛苦的情绪。故选B。7. What should we do before attempting to “
20、read” people? A. Understand their cultural backgrounds. B. Learn about their relations with others. C. Find out about their past experiences. D. Figure out what they will do next. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Our faces show emotions, but we should not attempt to read people from another culture as we woul
21、d read someone from our own culture. ”可知, 我们经常以自己的文化背景来解读他人的表情, 这是不对的。解读他人的表情前, 我们应该了解他们的文化背景。故选A。8. What would be the best title for the text? A. Cultural DifferencesB. Smiles and RelationshipsC. Facial ExpressivenessD. Habits and Emotions【解析】选C。主旨大意题。通读全文可知, 本文主要讲不同的文化背景对面部表情的影响很大, 相同的表情在不同的文化背景下有
22、不同的意思。故选C。. 阅读填句(2021邯郸高二检测)Most of us lead a busy life. 1We think, “If I reached my goal, then I would be happy. ” or “If I could get a better job, then I would enjoy life. ”But why not enjoy life right now? Firstly, take time to notice and appreciate the beauty in your own surroundings. 2 There is
23、 a great big world of wonder and beauty around us! And as Brodersen explains, “Look for the beauty of the sunrise and of a friends smile that brightens your day. Open your eyes to see the beauty you might not normally see. Doing so helps to cheer you up. ”Secondly, taking time to experience some sim
24、ple pleasures also can bring joy to your heart and ease your stress. Take me for example. 3 One universal simple pleasure is finding things that make you laugh. Make time to laugh every day. Thirdly, dont take your family and friends for granted. Rich, rewarding relationships add greatly to the enjo
25、yment of life. When you think of someone, why not call, e-mail or write them? 4As Wayne Lawton explains, “Invest time in relationships. Remove the attitude: Whats in it for me? Happiness is found in putting others interests, desires and concerns ahead of our own whenever possible. Selfishness is a d
26、ead-end street. ” 5 A. Be aware of beauty in nature. B. So please treasure relationships. C. You dont need to travel far to find beauty. D. Driven by the “urgent”, we forget to enjoy life. E. In my spare time, I enjoy collecting stamps and reading novels. F. A short e-mail or phone call can make a w
27、orld of difference to someone. G. I delight in simple things like my favourite tea drink, a bubble bath or family photos. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了现在很多人都忙于生活, 忘记了享受生活, 所以我们要学会从简单的事情中获得快乐, 并且注意人际关系等方面的问题。1. 【解析】选D。根据上文“Most of us lead a busy life. ”可知, 大多数人过着忙碌的生活, 故D项“Driven by the urgent, we forget to e
28、njoy life. ”符合此处语境。2. 【解析】选C。根据下句“There is a great big world of wonder and beauty around us! ”可知, 在我们的身边就有很多美丽的风景, 故C项“You dont need to travel far to find beauty. ”符合语境。3. 【解析】选G。根据上文“. . . taking time to experience some simple pleasures also can bring joy to your heart and ease your stress. ”可知, 要从
29、简单的事情中得到快乐, 故G项“I delight in simple things like my favourite tea drink, a bubble bath or family photos. ”与之相符。4. 【解析】选F。根据上一句“When you think of someone, why not call, e-mail or write them? ”可知, 有时候打个电话、发个邮件或写信都会有很好的作用, 故F项“A short e-mail or phone call can make a world of difference to someone. ”与之相符
30、。故选F。5. 【解析】选B。根据本段中的“Rich, rewarding relationships add greatly to the enjoyment of life. ”及改善人际关系的描述可知, B项“So please treasure relationships. ”符合此处语境。阅读理解Created by Casey and Shelley Black, the Northern Lights Wildlife Wolf Centre focuses on not only rescuing young abandoned wolves but educating the
31、 public. Unlike other centres, you can actually walk with the wolves and have exciting, hands-on interaction with them here. And so, we gathered on late winter morning to learn, prepare and walk. Scrappy and Flora, our wolves that day, were brought to the centre when only a few days old. “They lived
32、 in the house with us for the first several months. We treated them like human babies, fed them and slept with them, ” said Shelley. So, they are totally used to people. However, these are wild animals. For that reason, Shelley and Casey explained, “The walk is totally on the wolfs terms. We dont ap
33、proach them, but if they come up to us, we can touch them. ”With all this in mind, we headed for the woods. We were walking on a logging road when suddenly, Flora, all 60 pounds of her, hurried up to me and raised up on her legs. She was almost as tall as me. As she leaned in, put her huge muddy paw
34、s on my shoulders and sniffed my face, apparently she was saying hello in wolf talk. We walked farther, maybe half a mile, while Scrappy and Flora dashed in and out of the woods stopping to occasionally roll in the snow, dig for this or that and just play. Then we all headed into the trees to a beau
35、tiful stream where the wolves splashed, drank and had a great time. One could point out that this whole adventure was planned quite artificially. But the purpose, Casey and Shelley said, is to explain the wolves place in the environment and, primarily, to let people know wolves dont have to be unive
36、rsally fearedthey really dont hide secretly in the woods just waiting to eat people, but theyd rather avoid people, for the most part. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文, 主要讲述了作者去Northern Lights野生狼中心体验狼的生活的经历。1. How is the Northern Lights Wildlife Wolf Centre different from others? A. It trains and educates wild wolves
37、. B. It aims to rescue young abandoned wolves. C. It raises wolves for commercial purposes. D. It allows visitors to take a walk with wolves. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“Unlike other centres, you can actually walk with the wolves”可知, 在该中心游客能够和狼一起散步, 故选D。2. What can be inferred from Shelley and Caseys ex
38、planation in Paragraph 2? A. The walk can be potentially dangerous. B. The wolves have lost all their wildness. C. People should get close to the wolves actively. D. The wolves can read peoples mind like human babies. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段可知, 尽管狼已完全适应了和人待在一起, 但是它们仍是野生动物; 又根据本段最后“For that reason, Shelle
39、y and Casey explained, The walk is totally on the wolfs terms. We dont approach them, but if they come up to us, we can touch them. ”可推知, 和狼散步可能存在潜在的危险。3. Why did Flora behave like that when she saw the author on the logging road? A. To express curiosity. B. To show friendliness. C. To attract atten
40、tion. D. To seek companionship. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“apparently she was saying hello in wolf talk”可知, Flora的举动显然是在用狼的说话方式表达问候, 因此B项正确。4. Why do Casey and Shelley organize such an adventure? A. To advertise the centre. B. To publicize wolf hunting. C. To promote environmental protection. D. To clarify some conventional views of wolves. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“But the purpose. . . but theyd rather avoid people, for the most part. ”可推知, Casey和Shelley组织这样的冒险旅行的目的是澄清一些关于狼的守旧观点。