1、新知识预习探索词汇热身.单词互译1_(n.)田径运动2rugby(n.)_3_(n.)高尔夫球棒4pitch(n.)_5_(n.)体育场6track(n.)_7_(n.)教练员8_(v.)退休9_(v.)表现athletics橄榄球club(足球、橄榄球等)球场stadium跑道trainerretireperform10.background(n.)_11_(n.)商标；牌子12_(n.)(公司或组织的)标识；标志13_(n.)优势；长处14_(n.)标语15_(adj.)具体的；特定的16_(n.)符号背景brandlogoadvantagesloganspecificsymbol.短语互
2、译1_列出的清单2_即使3_与一起4perform well_5_由构成6on the increase_7one out of six_8as well as_9even if_make a list ofeven though/iftogether with表现好be made up of/consist of正在增加六分之一的也，还即使10be determined to_11every three hours_12the chances are that._13rise to ones feet_14做出选择_15的数量_16多达_决心 每三小时有可能站起身来make a choice
3、the number ofup to篇章理解.速读文章并选出最佳答案。(1)At the 1982 World Championship Li Ning won _ gold medals.Asix BsevenCthree Dtwo(2)In total，Li Ning won _ medals at the 1984 Olympics.Athree BtwoCfive Dsix(3)According to the passage，who isnt on the list of the greatest sportsmen and sportswomen of the twentieth
4、century?ALi Ning.BYao Ming.CPele.DMuhammad Ali.ADB(4)What caused Li Ning to retire disappointedly?AThe fact that he didnt perform well in the 1988 Olympics.BThe fact that he didnt win all the gold medals in his sport.CThe fact that he was too old to perform well in his sport.DThe fact that he was de
5、termined to succeed in business.(5)According to the passage，many things except _ guaranteed Li Nings success.Athe right time onto the marketBattractive designsCthe 2008 Beijing OlympicsDlower pricesAC新课堂互动探究知识点详解重点词汇、短语1perform vi.表现 vt.做；起作用；表演，演奏【语境领悟】*He was disappointed because he had not perfor
6、med well in the 1988 Seoul Olympics.他在 1988 年汉城奥运会上表现不佳，这使他感到很失望。*The advice service performs a useful function.咨询服务发挥了有用的作用。*He was seriously hurt and a doctor performed an operation on him.他受了重伤，医生给他做了手术。【归纳拓展】(1)perform well/badly 表现好/差perform a function 起作用perform an operation 做手术(2)performer n表
7、演者performance n表演put on a performance 演出give a performance of 演出*I put on a performance.我做了一次表演。*Inside the theatre，they were giving a performance of Bizets Carmen.在剧院里，他们正在演出比才的作品卡门。即学即用完成句子(1)一些人在压力之下表现很好，而另外一些人却相反。Some people _ under pressure and some others dont.(2)学生们演了一个白雪公主和七个小矮人的戏剧。The stude
8、nts _ about Snow White and the SevenDwarfs.(3)那歌手演唱了几首老歌。The singer gave _ several old songs.perform wellperformed a playa performance of2guarantee vt.保证【语境领悟】*Success for Li Ning was guaranteed，and it came quickly.李宁的成功有了保证，并且来势迅速。*Take this opportunity，and I guarantee you wont regret it.抓住这个机会吧，我保
9、证你不会后悔的。*We guarantee to deliver within a week.我们保证一周内送到。*Its guaranteed to rain when you want to go out.你想出门，天准下雨。【归纳拓展】(1)guarantee sth.to sb.向某人担保某物，保证guarantee to do sth.保证做某事be guaranteed to do sth.必定做某事(2)guarantee n保证，担保under guarantee 在保修期内，保证有效*Its still under guarantee，so the manufacturer
10、will repair it.还在保修期内，所以厂家会给修理的。即学即用完成句子(1)我们保证帮你戒烟。We _ you give up smoking.(2)这家商店说因为这台电视机仍在保修期内，他们会换一台的。The shop said they would replace the television as _.guarantee to helpit was still under guarantee3specific adj.具体的；特定的【语境领悟】*He gave us very specific instructions.他给我们做了非常明确的指示。*The money is t
11、o be used for one specific purpose：the building of the new theatre.这笔钱有专门用途：就是建造新剧院。*Let us take a look at three specific areas of concern.让我们看一看三个特定的令人关切的领域。【易混辨析】specific 表示“特定的；具体的”，指和一个特定事物相关的，不是general(一般的)special表示“特殊的，特别的”，通常作定语。作定语时，还表示“专门的；格外的”*What are your special interests?你有些什么特别爱好吗？*Yo
12、ull need a special tool to do that.干那个活儿要用专用工具。即学即用用 specific 或 special 填空(1)What are your _ aims?(2)Take _ care tonight because the road is icy.(3)This report offered the most _ and accurate description of the problems.(4)The professor started with some generalities and then analyzed a few _ exampl
13、es.specificspecialspecificspecific4symbol n符号【语境领悟】*The chemical symbol for copper is“Cu”铜的化学符号是 Cu。*The dove is the symbol of peace.鸽子是和平的象征。*Helen became a symbol of new hope for the deaf and the blind.海伦成了聋人和盲人新的希望的象征。【归纳拓展】the symbol of 的象征the symbol for 的符号【易混辨析】symbol 指作象征或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物。也指元素符号
14、、数学中的加减号、标点符号、乐谱等符号sign指指示牌、(用手、头等做的)示意动作，也可指某种情况的征兆、迹象mark既可指方便辨认而有意做的标记，又可指自然形成的标记或有别于其他事物的特征即学即用用 symbol，sign，mark 的适当形式填空(1)In the picture the tree is the _ of life and the snake is the _ of evil(邪恶)(2)Sir，you are not allowed to walk your pet on the lawn.Dont you see the _“Keep off the grass”？(3
15、)Ive put a _ on the map where I think we should go for a picnic.(4)She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful _ in last years election.symbolsymbolsignmarksymbol5compete vi.竞争【语境领悟】Companies must be able to compete in the marketplace.公司一定要在市场中有竞争力。【归纳拓展】compete against/with
16、 sb.for sth.与某人为了某物/事竞争compete to do sth.竞争做某事cant compete with sb./sth.竞争不过某人/某物They try to compete with foreign companies for a share of the market.他们尽力与外国公司争夺市场份额。Several advertising agencies are competing to get the contract.几家广告公司在竞争这份合同。Small independent bookstores simply cant compete with the
17、 big national chains.小规模的个体书店根本竞争不过大型的全国连锁店。即学即用(1)完成句子They got on very well together in spite of their different _(背景)He is going to _(和竞争)his old rival in the second round.(2)翻译句子We try to make the trains run on time，but we cant compete with the weather._我们能与最好的队竞争。_backgroundscompete with我们努力使火车准
18、点运行，但我们却无法与天气抗衡。We can compete with the best team.6on the increase 正在增加；越来越多【语境领悟】Homelessness is on the increase after the earthquake.地震过后，无家可归者正不断地增加。【归纳拓展】increase 可以与 by 或 to 搭配，用法不同：increase by 后加倍数或百分数，表示“增加了倍或百分之”；increase to 后加具体增长后的数字，表示“增长到”。The rate of inflation has increased by 2%accordi
19、ng to the latest statistics.据最新统计，通货膨胀率已经增长了 2%。Our coal output has increased to 6 million tons this year.今年我们的煤产量增长到了 600 万吨。【词汇辨析】increase 数量、大小、程度方面的提高、增长improve 质量、水平方面的提高与改善People want more money because prices are increasing.人们想要更多的钱，因为物价在上涨。He has improved his health.他的健康状况有所改善。即学即用(1)完成句子由于私
20、家车的增加，交通事故不断增加。Traffic accidents are _ _ _ as a result of the increase of private cars.产量增加了 30%。The production has _ _ 30%.现在越来越难找到训练有素的员工了。Theres _ difficulty in finding trained employees now.离婚案不断增多。Divorce is _.on the increaseincreased byincreasingon the increase(2)翻译句子There was a steady increas
21、e in population._The workers are trying their best to increase productivity._人口在持续增长中。工人们正竭尽全力提高生产力。7advantage n优势，便利，优点；利益，益处【语境领悟】Many women think this is an advantage for men.许多女性认为这对于男性是一种优势。Her rich experience gave her an advantage over other applicants for the job.她丰富的经验使她比其他求职者更有优势。【归纳拓展】gain
22、/have/win an advantage over 优于，胜过take advantage of sth.充分利用某物turn sth.to ones advantage 使变得对某人有利be of advantage to.对有利to advantage 有效地；出色地即学即用完成句子(1)我认为应该充分利用这项技术来提高我们的产品质量。I think full advantage is _ of this technology to improve the quality of our products.(2)他从读优秀小说中得到益处，并且和其他候选人相比他熟练的英语是获得工作的优势。
23、He had much _ of reading good novels，and fluency in English gives him _ the other candidates for the job.takenbenefitan advantage over知识点详解重点句型1But it was this sense of failure that made him determined to succeed in his new life.但就是这种失败感使他决心在新的生活中取得成功。【句式分析】(1)本句是强调句。强调句的结构为：It is(was)被强调部分that(who)
24、句子的其他成分。被强调的部分放在 It is(was)和 that(who)之间。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。当被强调的是表示人的名词时，句型中可以由 who 代替 that。(2)强调句型的变式：一般疑问句：Is/Was it.that/who.?特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词is/wasthat/who.?not.until 的强调结构：It is/was not until.that.*Tom found my pen in the classroom yesterday.昨天汤姆在教室里找到了我的钢笔。(变为强调句)强调主语：It was Tom who/that found my
25、 pen in the classroom yesterday.强调宾语：It was my pen that Tom found in the classroom yesterday.强调地点状语：It was in the classroom that Tom found my pen yesterday.强调时间状语：It was yesterday that Tom found my pen in the classroom.一般疑问句(强调主语)：Was it Tom who/that found your pen in the classroom yesterday?特殊疑问句(强
26、调主语)：Who was it who/that found your pen in the classroom yesterday?What was it that Tom found in the classroom yesterday?Where was it that Tom found your pen yesterday?When was it that Tom found your pen in the classroom?*He didnt realize his mistakes until yesterday.It was not until yesterday that
27、he realized his mistakes.(强调句型)【注意】1强调人时可用 who 代替 that，从句的谓语动词要根据被强调的主语确定单复数形式。It is I who am your friend.我才是你的朋友。2强调时间或地点状语时不可用 when 或 where 代替 that。It was in 1999 that they first met each other.他们是在 1999 年初次见面的。3注意强调句型与状语从句的不同。It was at ten oclock that he came back.他是在十点回来的。It was ten oclock when
28、he finally showed up.十点钟时他终于出现了。(1)强调句的省略是高考考查的热点，需注意与定语从句的区别。When did you see him for the first time?你第一次见他是什么时候？It was when I came back home from Beijing(that I saw him)是在我从北京回到家时(看到他的)。(2)强调句的特殊疑问句式作宾语从句是难点，需注意用陈述句语序。其构成形式为：主句特殊疑问词it bethat句子的其他部分I want to know who it is that has been named our c
29、aptain.我想知道是谁被指定为我们的队长。即学即用句型转换(1)I had my hair cut on March 1.(强调时间状语)_(2)How do you usually go to work？(变成强调句)_(3)His father didnt come back from work until 12 oclock.(变成强调句)_It was on March 1 that I had my hair cut.How is it that you usually go to work?It was not until 12 oclock that his father c
30、ame back from work.2If you go into a school or university anywhere，the chances are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.如果你走进任何一个地方的中学或大学校园，都有可能看到身穿印有那个熟悉标识的李宁运动服的学生们。【句式分析】The chances are(that).是一种固定句式，意为“可能”，chance 意为“可能性”。The chances are you wont have to pay.你可能不用付钱。
31、If you tell him the truth,the chances are you will be severely scolded by him.如果你告诉他事实的真相，你可能会遭到他的严厉斥责。【归纳拓展】by chance 偶然，碰巧by any chance 或许，可能(用于礼貌地问某事是否属实)take a chance 冒险，碰运气It chanced that.碰巧(chance 相当于 happen)【词汇辨析】chance 幸运或偶然的“机会”或“可能性”。opportunity 为实现目的、抱负、愿望提供了“机遇”或“前提”。occasion 为某种行为提供的特定的
32、时刻、场合或时机。I met him by chance.我是偶然遇到他的。I just thought it was too good an opportunity to miss.我只是认为这是一个不可错过的好机会。We used the meeting as an occasion for announcing the restructuring.我们把这次会议作为宣布重组的一个时机。即学即用(1)完成句子很有可能到明天前我就完成那项工作了。There is a good _ that Ill have the work finished by tomorrow.可能他丢了钱。要不，他不
33、会那么着急。The _ are that he has lost the money.Otherwise，he wont be so anxious.(2)翻译句子It was the chance she had been waiting for._Shes smart and Im sure shell succeed if given half a chance._chancechances这就是她一直等待的机会。她聪明机智，只要有点儿机会我肯定她就会成功。新思维随堂自测.根据所给汉语提示完成单词1 “State-owned industries will always _(表现)poo
34、rly，”John Moore informed readers.2I can _(保证)it is true，because I saw it myself.3He spent the last fourteen years of his life in _(退休)4Workers are encouraged to _(购买)the shares of their company.5The _(确切的，具体的)impact of the greenhouse effect is unknowable.6Her youth gives her an _(优势，长处)over the othe
35、r runners.performguaranteeretirementpurchasespecificadvantage7Which _(牌子)of clothes do you prefer?8“Service with a smile”is the stores _(标语)9White has always been a _(标志，符号)of purity in Western cultures.10Winning the first place in the race，he draped himself in the national flag and went round the _
36、(跑道)brandslogansymboltrack.选词填空1Alliss _ golf in 1969 and went on to become a successful broadcaster.2A good EQ will help you _ under pressure.3Tom has got Joes support，so he _ me.4There have been many attempts to _ the Loch Ness monster.retired fromperform wellhas an advantage overtrack down5I will
37、 have a try _ I should fail.6_ that man will eventually land on Mars.7Those drugs are given by injection _ through the mouth.8Two men can do three times _ one man.9_ crimes jumped by ten percent last year.10Our demand for this product is steadily _.even thoughThe chances areas well asas much asThe number ofon the increase
