1、浙江省2012高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（47）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出最佳选项。A In a surprising discovery about where higher life can survive, scientists have found a shrimp -like creature and a jellyfish swimming beneath an Antarctic ice sheet.About 180 meters below the ice where no light can get through, scient
2、ists had figured nothing much more than a few microbes (微生物) could exist.Thats why a NASA team was surprised when they lowered a video camera to get the first long look at the underbelly of an ice sheet in Antarctica. A curious shrimp-like creature came swimming by and then parked itself on the came
3、ras cable. Scientists also pulled up a tentacle (触须) they believe came from a jellyfish.“We were operating on the presumption that nothings there.” said NASA ice scientist Robert Bindschadler. “It was a shrimp youd enjoy having on your plate.”“We were just gaga (狂热的) over it,” he said when talking a
4、bout the 7.5cm long, orange creature starring in their two-minute video. Technically, its not a shrimp. Its a Lyssianasid amphipod, which is distantly related to the shrimp.The video is likely to inspire experts to rethink what they know about life in harsh environments. And it has scientists thinki
5、ng that if shrimp-like creatures can live below 180 meters of Antarctic ice in freezing dark water, what about other cold places? What about Europa, a frozen moon of Jupiter? 高考资源网Cynan Ellis Evans, a scientist of the British Antarctic Survey called the finding fascinating. He said it was possible t
6、he creatures swam in from far away and dont live there permanently.But Kim, who is a co-author of the study, doubts it. “The site in West Antarctica is at least 19 km from open seas. Bindschadler drilled a 20 cm-wide hole and was looking at a tiny amount of water. That means its unlikely that two cr
7、eatures swam from great distances and were captured randomly in that small area,” she said.“Yet scientists were puzzled at what the food source would be for these creatures. While some microbes can make their own food out of chemicals in the ocean, complex life like the shrimp cant,” Kim said.“So ho
8、w do they survive? Thats the key question.” Kim said.“Its pretty amazing when you find a huge puzzle like that on a planet where we thought we know everything.” Kim said.1. Scientists had believed that harsh environments could only have been populated by _ .A. jellyfish B. mammals C. microbes D. shr
9、imp-like creatures2. According to Kim, the shrimp-like creature _ .A. swam great distances to AntarcticB. has always lived in the areaC. gradually evolved from shrimps D. has nothing in common with shrimps 3. The finding is significant in that _.A. it marks NASAS first Antarctic biological studyB. i
10、t proves there is marine life in the AntarcticC. it could inspire further study of life in harsh environmentsD. it shows that Lyssianasid amphipod is closely related to shrimps4. The last three paragraphs suggest that _.A. researchers will look at the places the creatures came fromB. ice scientists
11、will drill deeper to find more creaturesC. scientists know very little about the planet they live onD. further research will be done about what the creatures live on B Being a mother is apparently not like it was in the good old days.Todays parents yearn for the golden age that their own mothers enj
12、oyed in the 1970s and 1980s, researchers found. Mothers have less time to themselves and feel under greater pressure to handle work and family life than the previous generation. As a result, 88 per cent said they felt guilty about the lack of time they spent with their children.The survey of 1,000 m
13、others also found that more than a third said they had less time to themselves than their mothers did just three hours a week or 26 minutes a day. And 64 per cent said this was because they felt they had to go out to work, while nearly a third (29 per cent) said they were under constant pressure to
14、be the perfect mother, the report found.Other findings showed social networking and parenting websites, as well as technology such as Skype, were important in providing help and support among female communities. Kate Fox, a member of the Social Issues Research Centre, which conducted the survey for
15、Procter & Gamble, said: With increasing pressure on mothers to work a “double shift” to be the perfect mother as well as a wage-earner support networks are more important than ever. It comes as a separate report examining childcare in the leading industrialised nations found that working mothers in
16、Britain spend just 81 minutes a day caring for their children as a primary activity. Mothers who stay at home, on the other hand, manage twice as much time more than two and a half hours looking after their offspring, according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.Critics sa
17、y the pressure on women to work long hours, and leave their offspring in the hands of nurseries or childminders, is putting the well-being of their children at risk.The study also reveals that, despite the fact that more and more modern mothers go out to work, the burden of childcare still falls on
18、them - even if their husband is not in work. A father who is not in work tends to spend just 63 minutes a day looking after his child - 18 minutes less than a mother who goes out to work. Working fathers spare less than three quarters of an hour with their children.5. What does the passage mainly ta
19、lk about? A. The good old days of mothers in the 1970s and 1980s. B. The great sufferings of todays children. C. The statistics of working mothers and full-time mothers. D. The big problems that todays working mothers face.6. What does the underlined phrase “yearn for” probably means _.A. hate B. mi
20、ss C. abandon D. control7. Which of the following problems is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Todays mothers have less time left for their children and themselves.B. The working mothers can hardly strike the balance between work and family.C. Most of the mothers can not control their husbands nowada
21、ys.D. Modern fathers do not spend enough time with their children.8. From para. 4, we can infer that _. A. working mothers can seek help on line B. Skype is a very famous expert in studying social issues C. working mothers double shift is to be a wife and a mother D. Kate Fox has opened a website of
22、fering help to working mothers9. What critics say means that _. A. it is wise for working mothers to put their kids in nurseries or childminders B. too much time in nurseries or childminders is bad for kids mental and physical health C. nurseries or childminders are dangerous places for children D.
23、children do not like nurseries or childminders at allCXIAN - Chinas conservation work for the endangered crested ibis（朱鹮）is facing new challenges, including an increasing mortality rate due to inbreeding, and the conflict between the need to expand natural habitats and local communities economic int
24、erests, bird experts have warned.The crested ibis, once widespread in Japan, China, Russia and the Korean Peninsula, almost became extinct in the first half of the 20th century.Before 1981, when seven crested ibis were accidentally found in Yangxian county, in Northwest Chinas Shaanxi province, acad
25、emics thought the species had been extinct in China for almost 17 years.Due to the huge effort put into species protection since 1981, the number of crested ibis in China has risen to an estimated 1,617, including 997 in the wild, the State Forestry Administration said at a meeting on crested ibis p
26、rotection in Xian on Monday.However, although the ibis population exceeds 1,000, the birds are still not free from the threat of extinction, said Fang Shengguo, director of the State Conservation Center for Gene Resources of Endangered Wildlife at Zhejiang University.“Ornithologists used inbreeding
27、in the early stages of protection so that numbers of the precious birds could increase quickly, but that method had consequences,” Fang said.Studies have proved that as a result of inbreeding, crested ibis have the lowest genetic diversity of all endangered birds, Fang said. 高考资源网It means a high mor
28、tality rate and more physical defects for hatched chicks. “The government should collect genetic information from all crested ibis and establish a genetic database as soon as possible, then design a scientific mating plan for the species,” Fang said.So far, about 90 percent of crested ibis live in S
29、haanxi province, and fewer than 140 ibis live in three zoos in other parts of the country, including Beijing Zoo, according to Liu Dongping, an assistant researcher at the National Bird Banding Center of China, which is affiliated to the Chinese Academy of Forestry.The bird has lost the ability to m
30、igrate, he said, adding that if an unexpected natural disaster occurred in Shaanxi province or an infectious disease spread through the area, the ibis population could be greatly reduced.Experts also warned that the increased population of ibis, whether in the wild or in captivity, requires a larger
31、 and more varied natural habitat.Rampant hunting, the massive loss of habitat caused by deforestation and the overuse of pesticides, which killed aquatic insects on which the ibis feed, are believed to be the main reasons for the sharp reduction in the ibis population before 1981.So, in 1983, a Stat
32、e-level natural reserve was set up in Shaanxi province to protect the bird. But the struggle for living space between human and animal has never stopped, said Lu Baozhong, deputy director of the Shaanxi Crested Ibis Conservation Station.For example, ibis often look for loaches in farmers rice fields
33、. Sometimes their claws trample the rice seedlings. In another case, villagers discovered some land with abundant mineral resources which happened to be a habitat for ibis, said Lu, who has devoted 30 years to ibis protection.A long-term win-win solution for ibis and local communities needs to be de
34、veloped, one that would provide ecological compensation for local residents, Lu said.10.Whats the best title for the passage?A. The Rare Bird in China B. New Problems for the Crested IbisC. The Way to Save the Crested Ibis D. The Reason for the Crested Ibiss Extinction11.Which of the following state
35、ment is TRUE ?A. The crested ibis is a native of China.B. Before 1981, the crested ibis was extinct in China.C. The crested ibis is now free from the threat of extinction.D. Most of the crested ibis are in Shaanxi province.12.Why did the experts adopt the way of inbreeding to protect the crested ibi
36、s?A. To increase the mortality rate.B. To increase the number of the crested ibis.C. To get more physical defects for hatched chicksD. To have the lowest diversity of the endangered bird.13.What may be the reason for the reduction in the population of the crested ibis before 1981?A. inbreeding B. ec
37、onomic developmentC. over hunting D. sandstorm14.What can we learn from the passage?A. Due to our great efforts, the crested ibis lives in the wild well.B. Scientists will choose a better habitat for the crested ibis.C. The problems of the crested ibis have not been solved now.D. The government has
38、established a genetic database of the crested ibis.DI would like to tell you a story about my uncle Theo. He is my oldest uncle, a tall, thin, grey-haired man whose thoughts are always on learning and nothing else. He is quiet, gentle and absent-minded and with about as much sense as a child where m
39、oney is concerned. Well, he applied a post in Camford University. It was a very good post and there were hundreds of candidates who applied for it, and about fifteen, including Theo, were asked to be interviewed. Camford is a very small town; there is only one hotel in it, and it was so full that th
40、ey had to put many of the candidates two in a room. Theo was one of these, and the man who shared the room with him was a self-confident fellow called Adams, about twenty years younger than Theo, with a loud voice, and a laugh that you could hear all over the hotel. But he was a clever fellow all th
41、e same and had a good post in Iscaiot College, Narkover. Well, the Dean, who was the head of the department of the University, and the committee interviewed all the candidates; and as a result of this interview, the number of the candidates was reduced to two, Uncle Theo and Adams. The committee cou
42、ldnt decide which of the two to take, so they decided to make their final choice after each of the candidates had given a public lecture in the college lecture-hall. The subject they had to speak on was “The Civilization of the Ancient Summerians”; and the lecture had to be given in three days time.
43、 Well, for these three days Uncle Theo never left his room. He worked day and night at that lecture, writing it out and memorizing it, almost without eating or sleeping. Adams didnt seem to do any preparation at all. You could hear his voice and his laughter where he had a crowd of people around him
44、. He came to his room late at night, asked Uncle Theo how he was getting on with his lecture, and then told him how he had spent the evening playing bridge, or at the music hall. He ate like a horse and slept like a log; and Uncle Theo sat up working at his lecture. The day of the lecture arrived. T
45、hey all went into the lecture hall and Theo and Adams took their seats on the platform. And then, Theo discovered, to his horror, that typewritten copy of his speech had disappeared! The Dean said they would call on the candidates on the alphabetical order, Adams first; and the despair in his heart,
46、 Theo watched Adams calmly take the stolen speech out of pocket and read it to the professors who were gathered to hear it. And how well he read it! Even Uncle Theo had to admit he couldnt have read it nearly so eloquently himself, and when Adams finished there was a great burst of applause. Adams b
47、owed and smiled, and sat down. Now, it was Theos turn. But what could he do? He had put everything he knew into the lecture. His mind was too much upset to put the same thoughts in another way. With a burning face he could only repeat, word for word, in a low, dull voice, the lecture that Adams had
48、spoken so eloquently. There was hardly any applause when he sat down. The Dean and the committee went out to decide who the successful candidate was, but everyone was sure what their decision would be. Adams leaned across to Theo and patted him on the back and said, smilingly, “Hard luck, old fellow
49、, but after all, only one of us could win” Then the Dean and the committee came back, “Gentlemen”, the Dean said, “the candidate we have chosen is Mr. Hobdell.” Uncle Theo had won! The audience were completely taken by surprise, and the Dean continued, “ I think I ought to tell you how we arrived at
50、 the decision. We were all filled with admiration at the learning and eloquence of Mr. Adams. I was greatly impressed. But, you will remember, Mr. Adams read his lecture to us. When Mr. Hobdells turn came, he repeated that speech, word by word from memory, though, of course, he couldnt have seen a l
51、ine of it before. Now a fine memory is absolutely necessary for this post; and what a memory Mr. Hobdell must have! This is why we decided that Mr. Hobdell was exactly the man we wanted! ” As they walked out of the room, the Dean came up to Uncle Theo, who was so confused but so happy that he hardly
52、 knew whether he was standing on his head or heels; and as he shook Theos hand he said, “Congratulations, Mr. Hobdell! But, my fellow, when you are on our staff, you must be more careful and not leave valuable papers lying about!”15. Which of the followings best describes Uncle Theo?A. Good-mannered
53、 B. Modest C. Childish D. Bookish16. What do we know about the post at Camford University? A. The applicants had to sit for an examination. B. There was much competition for the post. C. The post requires a lot of teaching experience. D. The post offered quite high salary.17. Adams did not bother to
54、 do any preparation because_. A. he was quite familiar with the subject. B. he knew the committee members well. C. he had a well-thought-out plan. D. he had full confidence in himself.18. When Uncle Theos turn came, _. A. he felt so angry that he couldnt see a word. B. he felt so upset that he could
55、 not remember anything. C. he had to put the same thoughts in another way. D. he had to repeat the speech, word by word from memory.19. When the committee went out to make a decision, Adams _. A. could not help feeling worried. B. could hardly wait to show his joy. C. felt sorry for Theo and tried t
56、o cheer him up. D. felt ashamed and tried to chat with Theo.20. Theo became successful because _. A. he had a better memory than Adams. B. he was more experienced than Adams. C. the committee knew he was exactly the man they wanted. D. the committee knew Adams had copied Theos speech.14 CBCD 5-9 DBCAB 10-14 BDBCC 15-20 DBCDBC 高考资源网独家精品资源，欢迎下载！高考资源网Ks5uK&S%5#UKs5uKs%U高考资源网高考资源网高考资源网
