1、Unit 3 On the move重点语法 动词不定式做定语和结果状语1He hurried to the agency, only _(find) the manager had left. 2According to a study, runners live three years longer than nonrunners. You dont have to run fast or for long _ (see) the benefit. 3A two-month old baby from Afghanistan gets a helping hand _ (catch) so
2、me sleep in an old building near the town of Mytilene on Greeces Lesbos Island on Tuesday. 4George returned after the war,only_(tell)that his wife had left him. 5The speech hall in our school is big enough _ ( hold) 2,000 people. 6They arrived at the airport, only _(inform) that the flight had been
3、cancelled due to the snowstorm. 7To support her children, she got a job as a babysitter for children with mothers too busy _(look) after their own children.8During rush hours, the subway is always too crowded for people _ (get) on. 9He survived the crash, only _ (die) in the desert. 10We are too str
4、essed _(have) time to chat every day. 11The company is anxious _(improve)its image. 12The boy is not tall enough _ (reach) the bookshelf.13The child is still too young_(dress)himself.14They lose weight for a while, only _(gain) more when they stop the program. 15He left home when he was young, never
5、 _ (hear) from again.16Rozes chain shops are helpful _(establish)Roze as the inventor of the modern restaurant. 17Exercising makes you more awake and ready_ (handle) whatever is ahead of you for the day. 18This research has done much _ (advance) our understanding of language learning. 19I have a lot
6、 of housework _ (do). 20Wang Yaping was the second female _(go) into space. 21Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the Peoples Republic of China _ (receive) a Nobel Prize. 22Picking up the award, she declared she had no plans _(retire) from her business. 23This company is the first _ (
7、produce) portable (便携式) radios in the world. 24The event _(broadcast) live next Friday morning will honor those who have made outstanding contributions in this field. 25Youll have the opportunity _ (ask) any question at last. 26She is always the first student_(come)to school. 27Britain was the first
8、 country in the world _(have) a free health care system paid for by the government. 28Tom works hard and he is always the last one _(leave) the classroom every day. 29The house _ there will be a library.(build)30Although the deadline is approaching, she still cant come up with a good idea _ (solutio
9、n) the problem. 31Our tour includes a chance _(walk) in the footstep of Van Gogh and Gauguin. 32This is the best way we can think of _(reduce) the waste of water in students bathrooms. 33His ability _(get) on well with people is his chief advantage. 34Its said that Jackson is the best man _(do) the
10、job.35On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world _(go) into space. 36The decision _ (classify) Internet addiction as a mental disorder has caused much debate. 37Theres nothing_(indicate) that it wasnt a straightforward accident. 38Listening to English news on radio is a good
11、 way_(improve)your English listening ability. 39They were the first people_(reach) the top of the mountain. 40A lot of homework _(do), he has no time to talk with us. 41Will you at least make an attempt _ (smile)? 42His first book _(publish) next month is based on a true story. 43It is reported that
12、 Armstrong is the first man _ (step) on the moon.44As is known, the last continent (大陆) on earth _ (explore) is Antarctica.45Unless you can sleep well, you will lose the ability _(focus), plan and stay motivated after one or two nights. 46Some time after 10,000BC, people made the first real attempt_
13、(control)the world they lived in, through agriculture. 47Brzezinski expressed his desire_(travel) with his children along the Long March route of the Red Army in the 1930s. 48Copenhagen was the first city_(declare) a street for the pedestrians only. 49He has been dreaming of a chance _ (visit) Beiji
14、ng.50I have the honour _(make)a speech to welcome the respected guests. 51She has no friend _ (depend) on. 52These are the doctors _ (send) to the war-torn area for the relief effort next week.53He is so determined a boy that he must have enough courage_(overcome) the difficulty.54She immediately be
15、came the first woman ever _ (hire) as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. 55The police fired into the air in an attempt_(break)up the crowd. 56He hates when I call him at work. Hes always too busy _ (carry) on a conversation with me. 57The infinite distances of space
16、are too great for the human mind_(comprehend). 58Students brave enough_(take) this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. 59Tom and Jack managed to reach the nearby village, only _ (discover) that there was no soul in sight. 60I was too young _ (know) how to solve the problem.
17、61Today visitors can observe a tea ceremony that might be enough _ (change) even the most passionate coffee drinker.62The thief went into the house at midnight, only _(catch) by the police hiding there. 63She was stupid enough _ (lose)weight only by going on a diet. 64Sometimes I was too weak _ (go)
18、 to school so my education suffered. 65First of all, you must be intelligent enough _ (get)a related college degree. 参考答案:1to find【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:他匆忙赶到公司,却发现经理已经离开了。分析句意再根据空格前的only可知,此处用提示词的动词不定式形式构成“only+动词不定式”结构作结果状语,表示“出乎意料”的结果。故填to find。2to see【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:一项研究表明,跑步者比不跑步的人多活3年。你不需要跑得很快或很长时间就能看到
19、好处。分析句子可知,空格处为非谓语,根据句意,此处应用动词不定式作状语,表示结果,有将来含义。故填to see。3to catch【详解】考查不定式做结果状语。句意:在星期二,一个两个月大的来自阿富汗的婴儿得到了帮助,在希腊莱斯博斯岛 Mytilene 镇附近的一栋老房子里睡觉。分析句子可知,婴儿得到了帮助,得以睡觉是帮助后的结果。故填to catch。4to be told【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:George战争后回来,结果竟然被告知他妻子已经离开他了。分析句子结构可知,动词tell在句中作状语,表示出乎意料的结果,需用动词不定式to tell表示,动词tell和主语George之间是
20、被动关系,需用被动结构,结合动词不定式为to be told。故填to be told。5to hold【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们学校的演讲厅足够容纳2000人。此处为固定句型:be+adj.+ enough+ to do sth.“足够.可以做某事”,不定式为结果状语。故填to hold。6to be informed【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们到了机场,却被告知由于暴风雪航班已经取消了。此处为only to do结构,不定式作结果状语,表示“不料竟会”,且they与inform构成被动关系,应用to be done形式。故填to be informed。7to look【详解
21、】考查非谓语动词,固定句型。句意:为了养活她的孩子,她找了一份保姆的工作,照顾那些因为母亲太忙而不能照顾自己孩子的孩子。tooadj./adv.to do表示“太而不能”。故填to look。8to get【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在高峰时间,地铁总是太拥挤以至于人们上不去。分析句子结构,空处应用不定式形式,构成“too+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”,表示“对某人而言太而不能做某事”。故填to get。9to die【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他在坠机事故中幸免于难,却在沙漠中死去。分析句子可知,句中有谓语动词“survived”且句中无连词,故空格处应用非谓语动词,“
22、only to”意为“不料竟会,没想到会”,故空格处应用不定式作结果状语,“die”意为“死亡”,动词词性,不定式符号“to”后接动词原形。故填to die。10to have【详解】考查动词不定式和固定短语。句意:我们压力太大,每天都没有时间聊天。“too+形容词+to do”,固定短语,意为“太而无法做某事”,“to do”不定式做结果状语。故填to have。11to improve【详解】考查不定式。句意:这家公司急于改善自己的形象。分析句子可知,形容词后接不定式作状语,be anxious to do sth.“急于做某事”,故填to improve。12to reach【详解】考查
23、不定式。这个小男孩不够高以至于不能够到书架。be tall enough to do sth. 足够高以至能做某事。故填to reach。13to dress【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:这孩子还太小,不能自己穿衣服。tooto句式的结构形式为“too+形容词或副词+to+动词原形”,通常翻译为“太而不能”。故此处应用动词不定式结构。故填to dress。14to gain【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们减掉了一段时间的体重,但当他们停止这个项目时,体重却增加了更多。分析句子结构,空处作非谓语动词,结合语意,他们减重了一段时间,不料却发现停止项目时,体重增加了更多,空处应用不定式形式表示意料
24、之外的结果。故填to gain。15to be heard【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他年轻时就离开了家,再也没有收到他的任何消息。根据句意,此处“(hear) from again.” 是结果状语,表示意料之外的结果,用不定式形式,且hear与逻辑主语和是被动关系,用不定式的被动式,故填to be heard。16to establish 建立【详解】考查不定式。句意:罗泽连锁店有助于建立罗泽作为现代餐厅的发明者。be helpful to为固定搭配,意为“对有帮助”,to是不定式符号,接动词原形构成不定式作状语。故填to establish。Sentence meaning: for a
25、 fixed collocation, meaning”.17to handle【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:锻炼能让你更加清醒,随时准备应付一天中的任何事情。be ready to do sth.意为“准备好做某事”,为固定搭配,所以此处应用to do不定式作结果状语。故填to handle。18to advance【详解】考查不定式。句意:这项研究大大提高了我们对语言学习的理解。结合语境可知,此处不定式做结果状语。故填to advance。19to do【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我有许多家务活要做。分析句子结构和意思可知,动词do和被修饰的名词短语a lot of housework
26、是逻辑上的被动关系,但是句子主语是动作do的发出者,所以这里用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动的意思,做后置定语。故填to do。20to go【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:王亚萍是第二位进入太空的女性。此题考查the+序数词+名词+to do sth,意为“第一个做的人”,此处用动词不定式,作female 的后置定语,故填to go。21to receive【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国首位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。当名词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时,常用不定式作后置定语;句中名词female scientist被序数词the first修饰,应用receive的不定式形式
27、。故填to receive。22to retire【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在领奖时,她没有从公司退休的计划。根据句子结构分析可知,此处为动词不定式作后置定语,因主语she与retire是主动关系,因此需要使用不定式的主动形式。故填to retire。23to produce【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:这家公司是世界上第一家生产便携式收音机的公司。序数词后需接动词不定式作后置定语;the first to do sth.第一个做某事,固定搭配。故填to produce。24to be broadcast#to be broadcasted【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:将于下星期五上午现场
28、直播的活动将向那些在这一领域做出杰出贡献的人们致敬。根据句意和句子结构,句子的谓语动词为honor,所以设空处为非谓语动词;根据时间next Friday morning,应用动词不定式的形式,表将来;所给词broadcast与逻辑主语The event之间为动宾关系,应用动词不定式的被动结构,作后置定语;broadcast的过去分词为broadcast或者broadcasted。故填to be broadcast/ to be broadcasted。25to ask【详解】考查不定式。句意:你最终会有机会问任何问题的。opportunity意为“机会”,其后跟不定式作后置定语,因此空格处是
29、to ask。故填to ask。26to come【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她总是第一个来到学校的学生。名词被序数词修饰,常接不定式作定语。根据句意,故填to come。27to have【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:英国是世界上第一个由政府出资建立免费医疗保健系统的国家。分析句子可知,已有谓语动词was,have应用非谓语动词形式,结合句意和the first country可知,此处应用动词不定式to have作country的后置定语,the first+名词+to do 表示“第一个做某事的”,故填to have。28to leave【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:汤姆学习很努力,每
30、天他总是最后一个离开教室。分析可知,“_(leave) the classroom”为之前不定代词“one”的后置定语,且不定代词由“the last”修饰,用不定式作后置定语。故填to leave。29to be built【详解】考查不定式做定语。句意:在这里修建的房子即将成为一个图书馆。根据句子分析可知,此处在the house后做定语,house与build之间为被动关系,且根据句中will be可知,表示“即将被修建”,应用to be done,故填to be built。30to solve【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:虽然期限快到了,她还是想不出一个好办法来解决这个问题。句中用不
31、定式作定语,修饰名词 idea,表示一个将要发生的动作。根据句意,故填to solve。31to walk【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们的旅行包括有机会跟随梵高和高更的脚步。分析句子结构可知,已有谓语动词includes,空处需填动词不定式作后置定语,修饰名词chance。故填to walk。32to reduce【详解】考查不定式。句意:这是我们能想出的减少学生浴室里浪费水的最好的方法。分析句子可知,“we can think of”是作way的定语,所以句子主干为This is the best way to do sth意为;这是去减少学生浴室水浪费的最好的方法,不定式作way的后置
32、定语,所以此处应用动词不定式。故填to reduce。【点睛】33to get【详解】考查不定式。句意:他能和人相处是他的主要优势。分析句子可知,“(get) on well with people”作ability的后置定语,某些动词或形容词后可接不定式时,它相应的同根名词也常用不定式做定语。be able to do sth“能够作某事”,able后接不定式,故其名词形式ability后接不定式作定语,故填to get。【点睛】34to do【详解】考查不定式。句意:据说约翰逊是做这个工作最好的人。由最高级修饰的名词后用不定式作定语,分析句子可知,此处“(do) the job”修饰the
33、 best man,用不定式形式作后置定语,故填to do。35to go【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:1961年4月12日,尤里加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。“序数词+名词”后接动词不定式作后置定语。故填to go。36to classify【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:将网瘾归类为精神障碍的决定引起了很多争论。根据句意,“决定做某事”的英文是decide to do sth,把decide变成名词decision之后,后面仍然是接to do sth,此时是动词不定式做后置定语,表示“去做某事的决定”。故填to classify。37to indicate【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:
34、没有任何迹象表明这不是一起简单的意外事故。indicate用动词不定式形式作后置定语,修饰复合不定代词nothing。故填to indicate。38to improve【详解】考查不定式。句意:收听英语广播新闻是提高英语听力能力的一个好方法。way后用不定式作后置定语,因此空格处是不定式to improve,故填to improve。39to reach【详解】考查非谓语不定式。句意:他们是第一群达到山顶的人。根据名词前有序数词修饰时,如the first people,后面需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to reach。40to do【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:(由于)有很多家庭作业要做
35、,他没有时间和我们说话。此处用动词不定式做后置定语,修饰名词homework。故填to do。41to smile【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你至少试着笑一下吧?空处修饰名词attempt,需填动词不定式作后置定语。故填to smile。42to be published【详解】考查不定式。句意:他下一月将被出版的第一部书是以一个真实的故事为根据的。空格处是定语,根据next month可知是将来动作,由于publish与它所修饰的词book是被动关系,因此要用动词不定式的一般式的被动式,表将来和被动。故填to be published。43to step【详解】考查不定式。句意:据报道,阿
36、姆斯朗是第一个踏上月球的人。此处考查“序数词 + 名词 + 不定式”的结构,其中不定式是名词的后置定语,the first man to step on the moon第一个踏上月球的人,故填to step。44to be explored【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:众所周知,南极洲是地球上最后被勘探的大陆。在被序数词first,second,last等修饰的名词后要用动词不定式作定语,且被修饰词continent与explore之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,因此用不定式的被动形式。45to focus【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:除非你能睡个好觉,否则一两晚后你就会失去集中注意力、计划和保持动
37、力的能力。分析句子,空处作定语修饰the ability,应用不定式形式作后置定语,the ability to do sth.表示“做某事的能力”。故填to focus。46to control【详解】考查不定式。句意:公元前一万年以后的一段时间,人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。make an attempt to do sth.“试图做某事”是固定短语,用不定式作定语,故填to control。47to travel【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:布热津斯基表示,他希望与他的孩子们一起沿着1930年代红军的长征路线旅行。分析句子可知,desire to do是固定搭配意为“
38、渴望做.”,句中desire为名词形式,后接不定式作后置定语,故填to travel。【点睛】48to declare【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:哥本哈根是第一个宣布只供行人使用的街道的城市。分析句子结构可知,句中已有一个谓语动词,且没有连接词,要使用非谓语动词。设空处位于名词后,且前有修饰词the first,使用不定式作后置定语,故填 to declare。49to visit【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他一直梦想有一个参观北京的机会。chance表示“机会”时,后接不定式作定语。故答案为to visit。50to make【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我很荣幸地发表讲话,欢迎各位贵宾
39、。have the honour to do有幸做。根据句意,故填to make。51to depend【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她没有可以依靠的朋友。分析句子结构可知depend在句中应用非谓语动词形式,修饰名词friend应用不定式作后置定语。故填to depend。52to be sent【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这些是下周要被派到战争破坏地区去做救济工作的医生。分析句子可知,此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,由next week判断用不定式to do表将来,又send和doctors之间是逻辑上的被动关系,故用不定式的被动形式to be done,故填to be sent。53to
40、 overcome【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:他是一个如此坚定的男孩,他必须有足够的勇气来克服困难。表示“有勇气做某事”为have courage to do sth.,用动词不定式做定语。故填to overcome。54to be hired#hired【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她立即成为PUMC医院妇产科第一个被聘为住院医生的女性。当名词前有序数词修饰时,名词后要用不定式作后置定语。woman与hire为动宾关系,所以hire要用不定式的被动式。又因为序数词+名词是做表语成分,此时后置定语to be done=done,所以填写hired.故填to be hired/hired。55
41、to break【详解】考查不定式。句意:警察向空中开枪,企图驱散人群。此处为固定短语in an attempt to do sth.“企图做某事”,不定式作后置定语。故填to break。56to carry【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他讨厌我上班时给他打电话。他总是太忙,没有时间和我进行交谈。too+形容词+to do结构意为“太而不能做某事”,空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to carry。57to comprehend【详解】考查固定短语。句意:宇宙的空间距离太过于无穷尽,以至于人类的大脑无法理解它。本题考查的是固定短语“tooto do”,意为“太而不能”。故填to comprehe
42、nd。58to take【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:有足够的勇气参加这门冒险课程的学生们肯定会学到很多有用的技能。固定结构:形容词+enough + to do,意为“足够做某事”此处不定式用作结果状语。故填to take。59to discover【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:汤姆和杰克设法到达了附近的村庄,结果发现看不到一个人。根据句意,此处用不定式作结果状语,表示意料之外的结果,故填to discover。60to know【详解】考查固定用法。句意:我太小还不知道如何解决这个问题。too+形容词+to do是固定搭配,表示“太.而不能做.”,故填to know。61to change
43、【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:今天,游客们可以观摩到一场足以改变最热衷喝咖啡的人的茶道。结合句意表示“足以做某事”可知短语为be enough to do sth.。故填to change。62to be caught【详解】考查不定式的被动语态。句意:小偷半夜进了屋,结果被藏在那里的警察抓住了。根据句意和句子结构可知,此处动词不定式作结果状语,表示出乎意料的结果;主语thief和动词catch之间是被动关系,故应用catch的被动形式;故此处应用动词不定式的被动语态。故填to be caught。63to lose【详解】考查非谓语动词,句意:她足够愚蠢,想只通过节食来减轻体重。be +形容词+enough+to do sth.结构意为“(某人或物)足够做某事”,常用来表述某人或某物的能力或特征,故填to lose。64to go【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:有时我太虚弱而不能去上学,所以我的教育受到了影响。too . to .太而不能,不定式作结果状语。根据句意,故填to go。65to get【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:首先,你必须足够聪明才能够获得相关的大学学位。分析可知,句中为enough to结构中的不定式作结果状语。故填to get。