1、Unit 2 Exploring English重点单词变形,词组,短语,句型练习(知识点全覆盖)单词变形1. sculpt v. 雕刻,雕塑_ n. 雕像,雕塑作品sculptor n. 雕塑家2. _n. 举止,行为behave v. 举动,表現3. confusing adj.令人困惑的confuse v. 使困惑_ adj.困惑的_ n. 混乱,困惑4. reflect v. 显示,反映_n.反映;映像;沉思,深思5. _ n. 创造性,创造力create v. 创造_adj.创造(性)的_ n.创造者,创作者_ n. 创造,产物6. visible adj.看得见的,可见的_ adj
2、. 看不见的7. _adj.不熟悉的,不了解的familiar adj.熟悉的,了解的8. _ n.组织,团体,机构organize v.组织,筹备,安排organized adj.有组织的,系统的,有条理的organizer n. (活动等的)组织者9.likely adj.可能的,可能发生的_ adj.不大可能发生的10. add vt. 加;补充说addition n增加;加法_adj.补充的,附加的11. _ n.大门(口),人口(处)enter v.进入exit n. 出口12. actual adj. 实际的_adv. 实际地,真实地13._ n计划,打算 intend v.计划,
3、 打算14. formal正式的 _adj. 不正式的15. recognize vt. 认识,辨认出 _ n认出,识别16.base vt. 以.为基础 _ adj.基础的,基本的17. aware adj.意识到的,明白的 _adj.没有意识到的 _ n.意识重点词组1. burn up _2.burn down _3.wind up _e across _5.have a frog in ones throat_6.be aware of _7. have trouble doing sth _8. speaking of _9. fill in/out _10. get homesic
4、k _11. _偶然发现12. _由.组成13. _被称为.,被认为是.14. _ 如果有必要的话15. _鼓起勇气一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1The track workers became aware the train about three seconds before it reached them.2Chinas image is improving steadily, with more countries (recognise) its role in international affairs. 3As a teacher, I really know what my st
5、udents (actual) need when they meet challenges. 4An unhappy home environment can have a negative effect on a childs (behave). 5In (add), group exercise creates a community feel and the shared common goal motivates participants to work hard. 6Going from junior high school to senior high school is a r
6、eally big challenge. The first week was a little (confuse). 7Water from the dam would (like) damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics. 8Youre (creative) than Peter. He can never make his own clothes. 9Teachers should build a (create)environment for students to do this work. 10The teach
7、er who is outgoing and has a strong personality has joined a charity (organize). 11Seans strong love for his country is (reflect) in his recently published poems. 12The long and instructions on the box can make users quite .(confuse) 13I attend evening classes in (creativity) writing. 14There is gro
8、wing public (alarming)at this increase in crime. 15I was walking in the park when I suddenly came an old friend who I hadnt seen for many years.16Is this your cellphone, Tony? I came it when was cleaning the classroom.17Have you ever read any of Tolkiens novels or seen any of the films (base) on the
9、m? 18Many (sculpt) have become landmarks of the city with their unique spirit. 19There are many (visible) pollutants in our everyday life that are causing visible health damage to us. 20Your journal is one of the best places to reflect your actions and performance. 21People sometimes confuse salt su
10、gar because they are of the same color. 22Theyre having some trouble their new car.23Read the text again and fill the chart with the information in the text.24Speaking youth , people of different ages have different performance.25Since we have reached the agreement, lets wind the meeting.26I do look
11、 forward to (receive) your reply letter as soon as possible.27Though they are twins, they have (oppose) ideas about it.28Do you have any (comment) to make about the cause of the fire? 29We can see from the survey that the (negative) outweigh the positives on this issue. 30The party is not an importa
12、nt one, so you can just be dressed in (formal) clothes. 31There are many kinds of (resource) like coal, oil and copper (铜). 32When an old man sounded the , the whistle made many people .(alarm) 33We met our English teacher at the (enter) of the museum. 34With the (intend) of becoming famous and rich
13、, many ordinary people intend to take part in some TV shows. 35In our childhood,we were often (remind) by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners. 二、根据汉语意思填写单词36We need to concentrate (资源) on the most run-down areas.37Our bravest and best lessons are not learned through success,but through (事故
14、). 38The city is providing free transportation to the stadium from (在城镇中心区的) area. 39Does this restaurant have a smoking (区域)? 40She made her (进入) after all the other guests had arrived. 41I think you have made an (错误) in calculating the total. 42The maths examination was (相当) difficult; to our joy,
15、 a number of students passed it. 43The design is (打算) to use space as economically as possible. 44Some TV programs have a (负面的) effect on children because they contain too much violence. 45Have you got any (评论,意见) to make about the cause of the disaster? 三、汉译英(整句)46该组织提醒司机在高速公路的出入口与他们联系。(organisatio
16、n,remind,contact,at the entrance and exit)47他对这个题目作评论有困难,因为他喉咙里有只青蛙(比喻:说话困难)。(make a comment,title,have a frog in ones throat)48她可能不熟悉这里的环境,所以她没有意识到这个危险。(be likely to,be unfamiliar with,be not aware of)49这些作品反映了他们的艺术创造力。那就是为什么富有创造力的画家能够创作出杰作。(reflect,creativity,creative painters)50我们看得见的东西是存在的。实际上,我
17、们周围也存在着看不见的东西。(visible,actually,invisible)四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Maureen Achieng took up Chinese language studies during her undergraduate education so that she could get a chance to go to China.However, as jobs became hard 51 (get) and her interest in the Chinese language gre
18、w, she took the studies of the Chinese language 52 (much) seriously than before and today she teaches the language at the Confucius Institute at the University of Nairobi.During Achiengs days as a student, the Chinese language had not been 53 (official) adopted into the Kenyan education subjects but
19、 she was so 54 (luck) that she learned the language at the Confucius Institute.In 2019, the Kenyan government 55 (introduce) the Chinese language as an optional subject for young learners, along 56 other foreign languages such as French, German and Arabic. “Giving young students the chance to learn
20、57 additional language is better because they have more time and 58 (they) brains can handle a new language. It also gives the ml exposure to the culture early enough,” Achieng added.As a Chinese language 59 (teach), Achieng sees numerous benefits for Kenyan students, 60 choose to study Chinese as a
21、 foreign language. These include employment chances as lecturers, translators, and tour guides. They are also likely to earn scholarships for further studies in China and later land business chances in both Kenya and China.参考答案:重点词转1. sculpt v. 雕刻,雕塑sculpture n. 雕像,雕塑作品sculptor n. 雕塑家2. behavior n.
22、举止,行为behave v. 举动,表現3. confusing adj.令人困惑的confuse v. 使困惑confused adj.困惑的confusion n. 混乱,困惑4. reflect v. 显示,反映reflection n.反映;映像;沉思,深思5. creativity n. 创造性,创造力create v. 创造creative adj.创造(性)的creator n.创造者,创作者creation n. 创造,产物6. visible adj.看得见的,可见的invisible adj. 看不见的7. unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的,不了解的familiar
23、adj.熟悉的,了解的8. organization n.组织,团体,机构organize v.组织,筹备,安排organized adj.有组织的,系统的,有条理的organizer n. (活动等的)组织者9.likely adj.可能的,可能发生的unlikely adj.不大可能发生的10. add vt. 加;补充说addition n增加;加法additional adj.补充的,附加的11. entrance n.大门(口),人口(处)enter v.进入exit n. 出口12. actual adj. 实际的actually adv. 实际地,真实地13.intention
24、n计划,打算 intend v.计划, 打算14. formal正式的informal adj. 不正式的15. recognize vt. 认识,辨认出recognition n认出,识别16.base vt. 以.为基础basic adj.基础的,基本的17. aware adj.意识到的,明白的unaware adj.没有意识到的awareness n.意识【过短语】1. burn up烧毁,烧尽2.burn down烧毁3.wind up给(机械)上发条;使(活动、会议等)结束e across偶然发现5.have a frog in ones throat(尤因喉咙痛)说话困难6.be
25、 aware of意识到,察觉到7. have trouble doing sth 做某事有困难8. speaking of 说起,说到9. fill in/out 填充,填写10. get homesick 想家e across偶然发现12. be made up of 由.组成13. be referred to as 被称为.,被认为是.14. if necessary 如果有必要的话14. pull up ones socks 鼓起勇气1of【详解】考查介词。句意:铁路工作人员在火车到达前大约三秒察觉到这列火车。句中be aware of为固定短语,意为“意识到,察觉”。故填of。2r
26、ecognising【详解】考查with的复合结构。句意:随着更多的国家认可中国在国际事务中的作用,中国的形象正在稳步提高。分析句式结构可知,此处是with的复合结构即:with+宾语+宾补,空格处是宾补,由于recognise与宾语countries是主动关系,因此要用现在分词作宾补。故填recognising。3actually【详解】考查副词。句意:作为一名老师,我真的知道我的学生在遇到挑战时真正需要什么。空处修饰动词need,应用副词形式,故填actually。4behaviour【详解】考查名词。句意:不愉快的家庭环境会对孩子的行为产生负面影响。名词所有格后用名词,“行为”名词是be
27、havior,childs后用单数名词。故填behavior。5addition【详解】考查名词。句意:此外,小组练习创造了一种社区的感觉,共同的目标激励参与者努力工作。in addition此外。根据句意,故填addition。6confusing【详解】考查形容词。句意:从初中到高中是一个很大的挑战。第一周有点令人困惑。空处应填形容词作表语,主语The first week指物,应用形容词confusing“令人困惑的”,故填confusing。7likely【详解】考查副词。句意:大坝的水可能会损坏一些寺庙,破坏文物。修饰动词damage应用副词likely,作状语。故填likely。8
28、more creative【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意:你比Peter更有创造力。他从来不会给自己做衣服。由句意可知此处是两者比较,空后有than,应该用形容词比较级;creative的比较级 more creative。故填more creative。9creative【详解】考查形容词作定语。句意:教师应该为学生创造一个创造性的环境来做这项工作。空后environment是名词,由形容词修饰,所给词create是动词,其形容词是creative,意为“具有创造力的”,在句中作定语。故填creative。10organization【详解】考查名词。句意:那位性格开朗、性格坚强的老师加入了
29、一个慈善组织。由空前的a可知,此处应填名词形式作动词joined的宾语,organization组织,可数名词,此处用单数形式,故填organization。11reflected【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意:肖恩对祖国的强烈热爱反映在他最近发表的诗歌中。主语Seans strong love for his country和谓语动词reflect为被动关系,结合空前的“is”可知,此处为一般现在时的被动语态,空处需填过去分词。故填reflected。12 confusing confused【详解】考查形容词。句意:盒子上冗长而混乱的说明可能会让用户感到困惑。分析句子可知,空格处应填入形容
30、词。confusing意为“令人迷惑的”,常用来修饰物;confused意为“迷惑不解的”,常用来修饰人。第一空作定语修饰名词instructions,应用confusing;第二空作宾语补足语,补充说明宾语users,应用confused。故填confusing;confused。13creative【详解】考查形容词。句意:我参加创意写作夜校。分析句子结构可知,此处应为形容词作定语,creativity的形容词为creative意为“创作的”符合句意。故填creative。14alarm【详解】考查名词。句意:公众对犯罪增加的担忧日益加剧。形容词修饰名词,alarm是不可数名词,表示“担忧
31、”,作主语,故填alarm。15across【详解】考查固定短语。句意:我正在公园里散步,突然遇到一位多年未见的老朋友。分析句意可知,此处用固定短语come across表示“偶然遇到”符合语境。故填across。16across【详解】考查固定短语。句意:托尼,这是你的手机吗?我在打扫教室的时候偶然发现了它。分析句意再根据空格前的came可知,此处用across构成固定短语came across表示“偶然发现,碰见”。故填across。17based【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你读过托尔金的小说吗?或者看过根据他的小说改编的电影吗?分析句子,句中have seen为谓语动词,设空处使用非谓
32、语动词,film与base之间的被动关系,故使用过去分词作后置定语。base意为“以为基础”,过去分词为based。故填based。18sculptures【详解】考查名词。句意:许多雕塑以其独特的精神成为城市的地标。分析句子结构可知,空格处在句子中作主语,因此需要填入名词,sculpt的名词为sculpture。空格前有many修饰,因此要用复数形式。故填sculptures。19invisible【详解】考查词形转换和形容词。句意:在我们日常生活中有很多看不见的污染物正给我们的健康带来显而易见的损害。根据句意及空后的名词pollutants 可知此处表示“看不见的”,应用形容词invisi
33、ble,作定语,修饰名词pollutants。故答案为invisible。20on/upon【详解】考查介词。句意:日记是认真思考你的行为和表现的最好的地方之一。reflect on/upon sth.固定搭配,意为“认真思考”,故填on或upon。21with【详解】考查介词。句意:人们有时把盐和糖混淆,因为它们颜色一样。confusewith.意为“把和混淆”,固定搭配,故填with。22with【详解】考查介词。句意:他们的新车出了点问题。have trouble with something表示做某事有问题。故填with。23in/out【详解】考查固定短语。句意:再读一遍课文,用课文
34、中的信息填写表格。表示“填写”用fill in /out,故填in或out。24of【详解】考查介词。句意:说到青春,不同年龄的人有不同的表现。表示“说到,提及”用speak of。故填of。25up【详解】考查固定短语。句意:既然我们达成了协议,会议就到此结束吧。表示“结束”用wind up。故填up。26receiving【详解】考查动名词。句意:我非常期待能尽快收到您的回信。look forward to doing表示期待做某事。空处用动名词作宾语。故填receiving。27opposing【详解】考查形容词。句意:虽然他们是双胞胎,但他们对此有相反的想法。分析句子,设空处使用opp
35、se的形容词opposing作定语,修饰名词,意为“相反的”。故填opposing。28comments【详解】考查名词的数。句意:你对这场火灾的起因有什么意见吗?此处应用名词comment作宾语,表示“评论;意见”,由any可知,应用复数,故填comments。29negatives【详解】考查名词。句意:从调查中我们可以看出在这个问题上弊大于利。分析句子,设空处使用名词作主语,negative为名词,意为“缺点,弊端”,此处表示复数意义。故填negatives。30informal【详解】考查形容词。句意:这个聚会并不重要,所以你可以穿便装。设空处在句中作定语修饰名词clothes,根据句
36、中“The party is not an important one”可知设空处应填formal的反义词informal,修饰clothes时意为“日常的,休闲的”。故填informal。31resources【详解】考查名词。句意:有许多种类的资源,如煤、石油和铜。many kinds of 后接可数名词的复数形式。根据句意。故填resources。32 alarm alarming alarmed【详解】考查名词和形容词。句意:当一位老人发出警报时,令人惊慌的哨声让很多人感到害怕。分析句子可知,第一空应填名词作宾语,alarm警报,警报器,可数名词,此处表示特指,应用单数形式;第二空用形
37、容词作定语,修饰名词whistle,whistle指物,故用形容词alarming“使人惊恐的,令人惊慌的”;第三空用形容词作宾语补足语,宾语people指人,故用形容词alarmed“害怕的,担心的”。故填alarmalarmingalarmed。33entrance【详解】考查名词。句意:在博物馆入口处我们遇见了我们的英语老师。根据“the”可知,空处需要填名词,enter是动词,表示“进入”,entrance是名词,表示“入口”符合句意。故填entrance。34intention【详解】考查名词。句意:怀着成名致富的意图,许多普通人计划去参加一些电视节目。根据“ the”可知,此处需要
38、用名词,intend是动词,表示“计划,打算”,名词是intention,表示“目的,意图”符合句意。故填intention。35reminded【详解】考查被动语态。句意:在小时候,奶奶经常提醒我们要注意餐桌礼仪。我们被奶奶提醒。故填reminded。36resources【详解】考查名词。句意:我们需要把资源集中在最落后的领域。根据汉语提示,表示“资源”含义的词为:resource,根据该词的用法,该词在表示“资源”含义时为可数名词,常用复数,故填resources。37misadventure【详解】考查名词。句意:我们最勇敢和最好的教训不是从成功中得来的,而是从不幸中得来的。根据句意和
39、汉语提示,应填misadventure“不幸;事故”符合句意,介词后接名词,用作不可数名词,故填misadventure。38downtown【详解】考查形容词。句意:市政府提供从市区到体育场的免费交通。名词area前用形容词修饰。根据汉语提示及句意,故填downtown。39section【详解】考查名词。句意:这家餐厅有吸烟区吗?名词作宾语。根据汉语提示“区域”是section。故填section。40entrance【详解】考查名词。句意:其他客人都到了之后,她才进来。her后跟名词,“进入”是名词是entrance,是不可数名词,故填entrance。41error【详解】考查名词。句
40、意:我认为你在计算总数时犯了一个错误。根据所给出汉语提示可知,应是名词“error”,在句中作宾语,结合空前“an”可知,用单数形式。故填error。42rather/fairly【详解】考查副词。句意:数学考试相当难;令我们高兴的是,许多学生通过了考试。根据汉语提示“相当”可知,应填副词rather/fairly修饰形容词difficult。故填rather/fairly。43intended【详解】考查形容词。句意:该设计旨在尽可能经济地利用空间。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词intended,作表语。故填intended。44negative【详解】考查形容词。句意:一些电视节目对孩子们有负
41、面影响,因为它们包含太多的暴力。“负面的”表达为形容词negative,作名词effect的前置定语。故填negative。45comment/comments【详解】考查名词。句意:你对灾难发生的原因有何见解?根据汉语提示及“any”可知,空处需填名词,any后即可以接名词单数,也可以接名词复数,comment作名词,表示“评论,见解”符合句意。故填comment或comments。46The organisation reminds drivers to contact them at the entrance and exit of the highway.【详解】考查时态。句子描述现在
42、的一般情况,应用一般现在时,主语“该组织”译为the organisation ,“提醒某人做某事”使用短语remind sb. to do sth.,其中动词使用第三人称单数形式reminds,后接宾语“司机”drivers,名词使用复数形式表示泛指,“联系他们”译为contact them,“在高速公路的出入口”译为at the entrance and exit of the highway,介词短语置于句末,作状语。故翻译为at the entrance and exit of the highway47He had trouble making a comment on the ti
43、tle because he had a frog in his throat.【详解】考查动词和固定短语。根据汉语提示,句子描述的过去发生的事情,故使用一般过去时。表示“有困难做某事”可用have trouble doing sth;表示“做出评论”用make a comment on sth;表示“标题”,用title;表示“说话困难”,可用have a frog in ones throat,because引导原因状语从句。故翻译为He had trouble making a comment on the title because he had a frog in his throa
44、t。48She is likely to be unfamiliar with the environment here, so she is not aware of the danger.【详解】考查形容词短语,时态。陈述当前的事实,用一般现在时态。“可能”表达为形容词短语be likely to do;“不熟悉”表达为形容词短语be unfamiliar with;“意识到”表达为be aware of。形容词作表语。结合其他汉语提示,故翻译为:She is likely to be unfamiliar with the environment here, so she is not
45、aware of the danger.49These works reflect their artistic creativity. Thats why creative painters can create masterpieces.【详解】考查动词,表语从句和名词。分析句子,句中表述的客观事实,故使用一般现在时。表示“这些作品”应该用these works;表示“反映艺术创造力”应该用 reflect artistic creativity;表示“那就是为什么”应该使用why引导的表语从句即thats why ;表示“富有创造力的画家能够创作出杰作”应该用 creative pain
46、ters can create masterpieces。故翻译为These works reflect their artistic creativity. Thats why creative painters can create masterpieces。50What is visible to us exists. Actually, there are also invisible things around us.【详解】考查形容词、副词、动词、代词、名词性从句、介词短语和时态。表示“看得见的”应用形容词visible,作表语,be visible to sb.意为“对来说是看得
47、见的”,固定搭配;表示“我们看得见的东西”应用名词性从句What is visible to us,作主语,位于句首,首字母需大写;表示“存在”应用动词exist,作谓语动词;表示“实际上”应用副词actually,作整个句子的状语,位于句首,首字母需大写;表示“看不见的东西”应用invisible things,在there be句型中作主语;表示“在我们周围”应用介词短语around us,作状语。此处为客观陈述,应用一般现在时。故翻译为What is visible to us exists. Actually, there are also invisible things aroun
48、d us.51to get 52more 53officially 54lucky 55introduced 56with 57an 58their 59teacher 60who【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述肯尼亚女孩Maureen Achieng在本科期间开始学习中文,如今她在内罗毕大学孔子学院教授汉语,讲述了肯尼亚学习汉语的情况。51考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,随着工作越来越难找,加上她对汉语的兴趣越来越浓厚,她比以前更加认真地对待汉语学习,如今她在内罗毕大学孔子学院教授汉语。本句含有“sth.+be/become+形容词+to do”的系表结构,get用不定式形式,故填to g
49、et。52考查比较级。句意:然而,随着工作越来越难找,加上她对汉语的兴趣越来越浓厚,她比以前更加认真地对待汉语学习,如今她在内罗毕大学孔子学院教授汉语。本句后面有than before,因此,本空应用比较级。故填more。53考查副词。句意:在阿奇昂学生时代,中文还没有被正式纳入肯尼亚的教育课程,但她很幸运地在孔子学院学习了这门语言。本空位于谓语动词adopt之前,因此,应用副词修饰动词作状语,故填officially。54考查形容词。句意同上。本空位于be动词之后,再结合句意可知,这里应用形容词作表语。故填lucky。55考查动词的时态。句意:2019年,肯尼亚政府将汉语与法语、德语和阿拉伯
50、语等其他外语一起作为年轻学习者的选修科目。本句中有时间状语In 2019,因此,谓语动词introduce要用一般过去时。故填introduced。56考查介词。句意:2019年,肯尼亚政府将汉语与法语、德语和阿拉伯语等其他外语一起作为年轻学习者的选修科目。along with.表示“与一起”,固定短语,根据句意,故填with。57考查冠词。句意:让年轻学生有机会另外学习一门语言会更好,因为他们有更多的时间,他们的大脑可以处理一门新的语言。根据句意和空后的以元音音素开头的additional可知,这里要用不定冠词an泛指“一门额外的语言”,故填an。58考查代词。句意同上。本空后面有名词brains,因此,这里要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填their。59考查名词。句意:作为一名汉语教师,阿奇恩认为,选择汉语作为外语学习的肯尼亚学生有很多好处。本空前面有a Chinese language修饰, 再结合前文“.today she teaches the language.”可知, 这里要用表示“人”的名词teacher,不定冠词修饰用单数,故填teacher。60考查定语从句关系词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知,本空引导非限制性定语从句,且本空位于从句主语位置上,其先行词是Kenyan students,指人,因此,这里要用关系代词who引导定语从句。故填who。