1、（全国卷）2021届高三英语下学期二轮复习评估验收仿真模拟卷八(时间：120分钟， 满分：150分)第一部分听力(共两节， 满分30分)第一节(共5小题； 每小题1.5分， 满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题， 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后， 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1Where does the woman want to go?AA bridge.BA bank.CA supermarket.2What is the weather like now?ARainy.BSunny.CCloudy.3W
2、ho catches the fish?AJason.BThe man.CThe woman.4Which place is suitable for diving?AThe park.BGormans Point.CSun Valley.5What does the man mean?AHe lacks money.BHell meet Catherine.CHes occupied in the evening.第二节(共15小题； 每小题1.5分， 满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题， 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前， 你将
3、有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题5秒钟； 听完后， 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料， 回答第6、7题。6Who will pick up the cake?AThe woman.BJanie.CMaya.7What are the speakers probably doing?ADecorating their house.BPreparing a surprise party.CGetting ready to have a picnic.听第7段材料， 回答第8、9题。8What is the woman looking for?AA TV set.BA d
4、igital camera.CA mobile phone.9How much will the woman pay?A$360.B$390.C$400.听第8段材料， 回答第10至12题。10What will the man do on May 4th?AConfirm his departure date.BGo on a business trip.CGo back home.11Where is the man now?AIn Beijing.BIn Chengdu.CIn Shanghai.12What time should the man arrive at the airpo
5、rt for that flight?A8：15 am.B9：15 am.C10：15 am.听第9段材料， 回答第13至16题。13What color is the woman advised to dress in?ARed.BGrey.CWhite.14What is the mans second suggestion?AStare at the interviewers.BDont ask interviewers questions.CLearn more about the company.15What is the most important thing for the w
6、oman to pay attention to?AHer dress.BHer body language.CHer being on time.16How does the woman feel at last?AConfident.BGrateful.CNervous.听第10段材料， 回答第17至20题。17Which subject does Adrian like most?AComputer.BScience.CHistory.18Why did Hollys parents decide to teach her at home?AThey had enough time to
7、 do so.BThey wanted to make her rest better.CThey were dissatisfied with the local school.19What is the benefit of studying at school for students?APreparing for adult life better.BLearning to judge the key subjects.CHaving a comfortable learning environment.20What does the speaker mainly talk about
8、?ALearning at home.BTwo smart students.CReasons for studying at school.第二部分阅读理解(共两节， 满分40分)第一节(共15小题； 每小题2分， 满分30分)阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项。ATurkey Yakamoz HotelEstablished in 1992Yakamoz is a small and friendly hotel situated near Fethiye in southwest Turkey.Offering traditional Turkish h
9、ospitality, fabulous Mediterranean cuisine and charming gardens, Yakamoz delights all who enter its gates.All rooms have bathrooms and balconies；Open from April to late October；2019 rates twin bedded rooms 20 per person；Show this ad to get an exclusive 10% Lonely Planet guide book discount.Email：inf
10、oCastawaysA specialist in tailormade holidays to Mallorca, Spain, Madeira，Portugal, The Canary Islands, Cyprus and France.* * * * *Quote Lonely Planet guide book to save 50 per person on your 2019 holiday.* * * * *01737 812255www.castaways.co.ukOnce in a Lifetime Peru AdventureThe Desert，the Andes a
11、nd the Amazon are included on a spectacular twoweek selfdrive guided holiday.Reach locations in South America that others can only dream of with Peru Safari.Peru safariThe heart of adventureT：44 01744 889819 or 44 07522 776160E：infoW：Rail Holidays of the WorldDiscover Peru and Brazils cultural highl
12、ights by train；Explore California by steam and railroad；Travel by rail into Eastern Canadas remote wilderness；Take a fabulous rail tour of Australia&New Zealand in early 2019.Over 40 Years of Unforgettable Rail Journeys Ffestingiog Travel01766 51240021.What is the cost for two nights of accommodatio
13、n for two people at the Yakamoz Hotel with the Lonely Planet guide book discount?A88.B80.C72.D64.22Rail holidays are available for _ANorth America, Europe and AustraliaBNorth America, South America and AsiaCAustralia, Asia and EuropeDNorth America, South America and Australia23How many advertisement
14、s offer holidays to Peru?AOne.BTwo.CThree.DFour.BThe boy sat on his chair, with his hands above the keyboard. He thought about what to write.He recalled that the competition deadline was merely a week away. But he still had not even started on his piece. He looked at the brochure again.“WRITING COMP
15、ETITION！” the title read. His mom had encouraged him to enter the writing competition, and now he was taking it on as his personal task for the holidays.As the boy reflected on his previous writing efforts, he realized how hopeless his task of winning was. Every story he ever wrote was based on othe
16、r stories. He had little imagination, and unfortunately, imagination was the key to writing.Suddenly, he had a brainwave. This time, he came up with an original and imaginative story.The words shot towards him like a storm of leaves. Words were coming easily, flowing through him, faster than he coul
17、d type. He typed faster than he ever had before. He continued to type, amazed how easy writing this story was. The boy could not stop writing. He looked at the word count and saw the number “248” staring right back at him. He was not even halfway yet.Then he heard his mothers call of saying time for
18、 bed. He continued writing the piece, ignoring her. He had to make up for the time he had lost in thinking about a topic to write.Finally, he finished. The word count now read “498”“Perfect，” he thought, “just under the word limit.” He knew this was the story that would win.He went to the website an
19、d searched for the competition. He found the page but there was no “Enter” button.Confused, he then reread the page again. It read COMPETITION CLOSED.24What caused the boy to take part in the writing competition?AA new computer.BThe prize money.CHis own interest.DHis moms encouragement.25How did the
20、 boy finish his earlier writing?AHis mom helped him.BHe copied others ideas.CHis friends assisted him.DHe used his imagination.26Why did the boy delay his writing?ABecause he was terribly lazy.BBecause he didnt know what to write.CBecause he wasnt confident.DBecause he read too many stories.27Which
21、might be the maximum word limit for each entry?A100.B250.C500.D1，000.CAir pollution shortens human lives by more than a year, according to a new study from a team of leading environmental engineers and public health researchers. Better air quality could lead to a significant extension of lifespan(寿命
22、) around the world.It is the first time that data on air pollution and the lifespan has been studied together in order to check how air pollution affects overall life expectancy.The researchers looked at outdoor air pollution from particulate matter (PM)(颗粒物) smaller than 2.5 microns. These particul
23、ates can enter deep into the lungs, and breathing PM 2.5 is associated with the increased risk of heart attacks, strokes and cancers. PM 2.5 pollution comes from power plants, cars and trucks, fires, agriculture and industrial emissions(排放物)Led by Joshua Apte, the team used data from the Global Burd
24、en of Disease Study to measure PM 2.5 air pollution exposure and its consequences in 185 countries. They then quantified the national impact on life expectancy for each individual country as well as on a global scale.“The fact that air pollution is a major global killer is already wellknown，” said A
25、pte. “And we all care about how long we can live. Here, we were able to systematically identify how air pollution shortens lives around the world. What we found is that air pollution has a very large effect on survival on average about a year globally.”In the context of other significant phenomena n
26、egatively affecting human survival rates, Apte said this is a big number. “For example, its considerably larger than the benefit in survival we might see if we found cures for both lung and breast cancer combined，” he said. “In countries like India and China, the benefit for elderly people of improv
27、ing air quality would be especially large. For much of Asia, if air pollution were removed as a risk for death, 60yearolds would have a 15 percent to 20 percent higher chance of living to age 85 or older.”28What do we know about PM 2.5?AIt has a bad effect on human health.BIt will be controlled in t
28、he future.CIt only comes from industrial emissions.DIt spreads to the world from Asian countries.29What did the researchers do to study how air pollution affects the lifespan?AThey collected accurate information from all the Asian countries.BThey employed the research data to calculate the effect.CT
29、hey studied the disease and lifespan together time and time again.DThey measured particulate matter much more carefully than before.30What can be inferred from the text?AThe key to people living longer is good air quality.BPeople think air pollution is the most dangerous killer to them.CApte will ag
30、ree that people should take action to deal with air pollution.DFactories should decrease the production of cars to stop air pollution.31What is the best title for the text?AThe Way Human Beings Enjoy a Longer LifespanBThe Importance of Getting Rid of Air PollutionCAsian People Are Suffering from Ser
31、ious Air PollutionDAir Pollution Reduces the Lifespan by More than One YearDRunning may feel like a big task for most of us. But do you know our species has evolved to run better than any other animals on this planet? Cheetahs(猎豹) are the fastest land animals in the world. But do you know that human
32、s can leave them in the dust? At least, in the long run, thats right. When it comes to endurance, we can outrun cheetahs, wolves and even horses. So what makes humans such endurance running superstars? The secret weapon is our sweat. We have 24 million sweat glands(腺) all over our body, which means
33、we can run and cool ourselves at the same time. Having no fur is also a huge plus. In contrast, dogs rely on panting(喘息) to cool down, and other animals, like horses and camels, also sweat, but less effectively. As a result, they overheat faster and must slow down sooner.So, why did humans get to be
34、 such great endurance runners, anyway? Some experts believe this became important around 23 million years ago, when we started hunting. Because we couldnt chase down a gazelle(瞪羚) like a cheetah, early humans learned hunting.Studies show running can lower body weight and body fat. And the longer you
35、 train, the greater the benefits are. Just one year of training has been shown to reduce body weight by about 7 lbs, lower body fat by 2.7% and decrease resting heart rate by 2.7%.It may seem really hard, or even impossible to run a mile or a marathon. But in fact, you were born to go on that run. W
36、e all were.32In the first paragraph, cheetahs are mentioned to _Ashow cheetahs are the fastest land animals in the worldBintroduce humans can run fastest on the planet in the long runCcontrast with wolves and even horses in one aspect of enduranceDinform running may be a big challenge for most of us
37、 humans33Why can we humans be endurance running superstars?AWe can pant to cool down our heat like dogs.BWe can sweat effectively like horses and camels.CWe have massive sweat glands and meanwhile no fur.DWe can run and overheat fastest to cool down ourselves.34According to studies in the text, if y
38、ou want to lose weight, what should you do?AEat a variety of vegetables and less fat.BWork out at the gym every day.CExercise outside as much as you like.DConduct systematic training in running.35What does the author intend to emphasize in the last paragraph?AHumans have great running ability by bir
39、th.BHumans can chase down animals like cheetahs.CMarathoners dont need hard training.DRunning can lower body weight and fat.第二节(共5小题； 每小题2分， 满分10分)根据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Apologizing the Right Way to a FriendWhy are apologies so difficult? Saying you are sorry can be the most diffi
40、cult thing you do. But we all make mistakes, so youll probably have an occasion when you need to apologize. Perhaps you had blew up at someone and realized later you reacted poorly. 36._. Whatever the reason, apologizing can help you both heal and move on from the situation.37_. First, you acknowled
41、ge that you did something wrong. With an apology, you take responsibility for your actions, which allows your friend to forgive you. Second, an apology gives you sincerity as a friend. 38._， but that doesnt mean we still shouldnt apologize.Now, what are elements of a proper apology? 39._， depending
42、on what the offense was, where it was done, and who you are apologizing to. In general, a good apology should include the following: a request for their attention, an acknowledgment of what happened, sincerity in admitting you did something wrong and the words “Im sorry” or “I apologize”Here are thi
43、ngs never to say when apologizing. Note that the art of apologizing involves taking responsibility. Never apologize as a way to “shut someone up” when they are saying you hurt their feelings and you dont think you did. 40._， you should talk things through with your friends until you see why they are
44、 hurt or how you came across. Youll really need to selfreflect so you can see things from your friends point of view.AWhen you make your apology in personBIf you really believe you did nothing wrongCApologies benefit friendships in a variety of waysDThe way you apologize is going to be slightly diff
45、erentEOr maybe you just didnt show support when you needed toFApologizing the right way, however, may take a little practiceGSometimes our pals forgive us easily for the minor things we do wrong第三部分语言知识运用(共两节， 满分45分)第一节(共20小题； 每小题1.5分， 满分30分)阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Greenberg wa
46、s a lucky guy to enter Columbia University on a full scholarship. But just before junior year, Greenbergs _41_ changed. One day his vision “_42_ up” and later he was diagnosed(诊断) with glaucoma(青光眼). Then doctors operated on Greenbergs eyes. _43_， the surgery didnt work. Greenberg was going blind. H
47、e was so _44_ that he refused to see anyone.As Greenbergs best friend, Arthur persuaded Greenberg to go back to Columbia University and _45_ to be his “reader”. Arthur read _46_ to him every day, taking time out from his own study, and Greenberg _47_ scoring straight As. Still, he was _48_ about get
48、ting alone and relied on his friend.Then, one afternoon, Greenberg and Arthur went to Midtown Manhattan. When it was time to go back to campus, Arthur said he couldnt _49_ him because of an appointment. Greenberg _50_. They argued, and Arthur walked off, _51_ Greenberg alone in Grand Central Termina
49、l. Greenberg, who was completely _52_， stumbled(蹒跚而行) through the rushhour crowd. He took a shuttle train west to Times Square, and then transferred to an uptown train. Four miles later, he _53_ at the Columbia University stop.At the gate of the university, someone _54_ him. “Oops, excuse me, sir.”
50、Greenberg _55_ the voice. It was Arthurs. Greenbergs first reaction was _56_， but in the next second, he realized what he had just _57_ and realized, too, who had made it possible. _58_， Arthur had been with him the whole day, using one of the most _59_ strategies.Blindness doesnt make Greenberg fai
51、l to appreciate the _60_ of life. He always says he is the luckiest man in the world.41.A.faithBattitudeCfortuneDreputation42A.litBsteamedCclearedDcheered43A.OtherwiseBMoreoverCThereforeDHowever44A.shyBdesperateCselfishDnervous45A.offeredBpretendedChappenedDlearned46A.lettersBnewspapersCtextbooksDma
52、gazines47A.ended upBcarried onCimaginedDconsidered48A.curiousBconfidentCexcitedDtentative49A.abandonBrescueCcomfortDaccompany50A.compromisedBpanickedCexplainedDapologized51A.leavingBfindingCconsultingDserving52A.tiredBamusedCconfusedDsatisfied53A.got offBpulled overClooked aroundDran away54A.turned
53、toBshouted atCknocked intoDquarreled with55A.raisedBlostCcontrolledDrecognized56A.angerBpleasureCreliefDsorrow57A.missedBquestionedCignoredDachieved58A.GraduallyBFinallyCObviouslyDStrangely59A.brilliantBfamiliarCdefensiveDcomplex60A.magicBbeautyCwisdomDtruth第二节(共10小题； 每小题1.5分， 满分15分)阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个
54、适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It used to be common to see US teenagers busy at fastfood restaurants cooking burgers and 61._(clean) tables, especially during the summer vacation. 62._， the scene is becoming less common.Instead of finding summer jobs, many US teenagers are spending 63._(they) free time taking cla
55、sses. According to The Atlantic, this change partly results 64._the low teen earnings paying little toward the costs of college. For many students who are going to attend college, the money from summer jobs doesnt live up to their 65._(expect) at all. Meanwhile, US teenagers increasing interest in e
56、ducation 66._(account) for this as well. They go to summer school to learn 67._they might not have time for after they leave school, which 68._(consider) as a wise choice.Despite this, a summer job is still believed to benefit teenagers. Early work experience is 69._human activity that develops peop
57、les social skills. When kids are working, they gradually gain 70._(practice) knowledge and understanding of the labor market.第四部分写作(共两节， 满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题； 每小题1分， 满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文， 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误， 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加： 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(), 并在其下面写出该加的词。删除： 把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改
58、： 在错的词下画一横线， 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意： 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2只允许修改10处， 多者(从第11处起)不计分。Many traditional arts were losing nowadays, because some of whom are being replaced by modern products. I feel extreme sorry about the losing arts. In my opinions, they are classic and their charm will never fade away. Take my
59、grandma for the example. She is better at papercutting which was learnt from her mother. When I found my grandma had this skill, I was so surprised and curious it. I asked my grandma to teaching me the skill. During the process, I found that this art was brilliant, but I was attracted by it. Some tr
60、aditional arts like papercutting should be keeping.第二节书面表达(满分25分)假定你是李华，某英文报社向即将毕业的高中生征稿，主题是“向成年出发”，请你根据下列要点完成短文：1你的心情；2你的人生规划(学业、事业等方面)。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_高考仿真模拟卷(八)第一部分听力15.CABBA610.ABBAC1115.BABCB1620.CBCAA听力材料(Text 1) W: Excuse me. Im just going to the Walmart supermarket， but I dont
61、 know whether to cross the bridge. M: Well, not necessary. See the bank? Just turn left there, walk two minutes, and youll find it. (Text 2)M: Do you think such weather will last long? Weve planned to visit the wetland park, but now we have to cancel it. W: It seems it wont change a little. Just now
62、 I went to the grocery nearby. See? Im all wet！(Text 3)W: Do you have to clean the fish after you catch them? M: Maybe Jason can clean them.W: OK. You catch the fish， Jason cleans them, and I eat them!(Text 4)M: Can we find a place in the park for sleeping in a tent?W: Yes, but Id only stay there if
63、 necessary, as Sun Valley is much nicer, and close to the beach. Besides, if you want to go diving, Gormans Point is only a 10minute walk from Sun Valley.(Text 5)W: Hi, George, lets eat out this evening.M: Oh, sorry, Tina. I cant make ends meet this month.W: Dont worry. Catherine has promised to tre
64、at us.(Text 6)W: Now, can we all agree on what to do for the party？M: I think so. Lets see.Youll pick up the cake， Janie will get some decorations, Maya will set everything up, and Ill keep Marty and Deb busy until its time.W: Right. And what time will that be, exactly?M: Nine oclock. Just make sure
65、 everything is ready for the surprise.(Text 7)M: Good morning, can I help you? Want to buy a TV or a mobile phone?W: Well, neither. Id like to see a digital camera, please.M: We have different types of products. Which kind do you want?W: I have no idea. But I need a good one. M: How about this one?W
66、: May I see it, please? M: Sure, here you are. This camera comes in 3 colors.W: Sounds great. How much is this? M: It is 400 dollars, but since it is still in promotion, the store promises to offer a 10% discount. As for the other products, theres no discount.W: OK. Ill take this one. Thanks.M: Your
67、e welcome, Madam.(Text 8)W: New Century Travel Agency. May I help you?M: Yes, Id like to make a plane reservation to Shanghai from Beijing.W: Your name, please?M: Jack Brown. Id like to leave on May 5th.W: Let me see whats available.Yes, Air China has a flight on May 5th at 9：15 in the morning. Is i
68、t fine with you?M: Well, now Im in Chengdu for my May Day. And Im able to return home on May 4th. So its okay by me. By the way, I need a business class ticket.W: A single ticket or a return ticket?M: Single. Whats the fare, please?W: The business class fare for a single ticket is 1，600 yuan.M: I se
69、e. Is my ticket confirmed then?W: Yes, your seat is confirmed on that flight. Please arrive at the airport one hour before departure.M: OK. Thank you a lot.(Text 9)W: Listen, Johnny, I was hoping you were going to give me some interview advice.Do you remember? I have an important interview next week
70、.M: Sure, I remember. So, interviews, the first thingmake sure you dress smartly.W: What do you mean by “smartly”？M: Well, the color of your clothes. Grey should be considered first. Dont wear red or white clothes. Sometimes, it depends on the company. Anyway, dont look overdressed. Just look like y
71、ou fit in.W: How about the second suggestion?M: Find out as much about the company as you can. Then you can ask interviewers one or two questions instead of letting them ask all.W: And next?M: Body language. Its the most important thing. Make sure you look the interviewers in the eye. But dont stare
72、 at them! Show youre confident, and you know what youre talking about.W: Thats the problem.Im not sure whether I can do it.M: Oh, the last one is: dont be late for the interview! Plan to get there early.W: Dear, so much advice, so much to think about.M: Dont worry. Relax and try it！(Text 10)In Brita
73、in some families feel that learning at home is better than going to school. Some of the major advantages of such studying include: some people learn better while in the comfort of their own home; it may be easier to access a computer, and someone can more easily stop to get a drink or something to e
74、at. Adrian wants to start university by the age of fourteen. He finds school lessons easier than most children, but making friends more difficult. At home, he can spend more time on his favorite subjectscience， and he is preparing to take many of his exams early. Hollys parents werent happy with the
75、 local school, so they made a decision to teach her at home. She loves history and often goes to museums to study. Her parents are always glad to help her. Adrian and Holly love learning at home, but some people think that studying at school is more useful because it trains you for adult life. It te
76、aches you how to communicate with different people, and it can also help you make friends.第二部分阅读理解第一节【解题导语】本文介绍了几则旅游广告。21C解析：数字计算题。根据TurkeyYakamoz Hotel部分中的“2019 ratestwin bedded rooms 20 per person”和“Show this ad to get an exclusive 10% Lonely Planet guide book discount.”，并结合题干可知，两个人两夜优惠后应付的费用是：202
77、290%72，故选C。22D解析：推理判断题。根据Rail Holidays of the World部分中提到的“Peru”“Brazil”“California”“Eastern Canada”“Australia&New Zealand”可推知，在这个度假活动中可以去北美洲、南美洲和澳大利亚，故选D。23B解析：细节理解题。通读全文可知，在Once in a Lifetime Peru Adventure部分和Rail Holidays of the World部分中提到了去Peru度假，故选B。【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。小男孩坐在电脑前，冥思苦想地进行写作。他参加了一个网络写作比赛
78、，可是怎么也想不出写作主题。好一会儿后，他茅塞顿开，快速敲击键盘，可是等到他写好文章准备提交时，页面上却显示“比赛结束”。24D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段尾句“His mom had encouraged him to enter the writing competition, and now he was taking it on as his personal task for the holidays.”可知，他的妈妈鼓励他参加写作比赛，现在他把写作作为假期的个人任务；据此可知，他参加写作比赛是他妈妈鼓励的，故D项正确。25B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Every story
79、 he ever wrote was based on other stories.”可知，他之前写的每一个故事都是以其他故事为基础；据此可知，以前写作时，他总是仿照别人的故事写，故B项正确。26B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“He thought about what to write.”及第三段的内容及第六段尾句“He had to.write.”可知，想象力是写作的关键，而他又缺乏想象力；另外，由于他不知道写什么，延误了写作时间，故B项正确。27C解析：推理判断题。根据第七段“Finally, he finished. The word count now read 498”可知，他
80、写了498个词，终于完成了；结合第八段第一句“Perfect， he thought，just under the word limit.”可知，他认为太完美了，刚好低于限定的词数；据此可推知，文章的最高限定词数可能为500，故C项正确。【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，良好的空气质量有益于延长寿命，但是空气污染导致细颗粒物进入人体肺部，导致心脏病、中风、癌症的发病率升高，从而影响人的寿命。28A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“These particulates can enter deep into the lungs, and breathing PM 2.5 is assoc
81、iated with the increased risk of heart attacks, strokes and cancers.”可知，PM 2.5影响人体健康，故A项正确。29B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，这是首次将空气污染和寿命数据结合起来研究，以查明空气污染如何影响总体预期寿命。故B项正确。30C解析：推理判断题。根据尾段内容，尤其是“In countries like India and China, the benefit for elderly people of improving air quality would be especially large.”可
82、知，Apte认为改善空气质量对老年人有好处；据此可推知，他会同意人们采取措施应对空气污染，故C项正确。31D解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章第一段第一句“Air pollution shortens human lives by more than a year, according to a new study from a team of leading environmental engineers and public health researchers.”为全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，文章通过介绍科学研究，说明空气污染导致人的寿命减少一年以上。故D项最适合作本文的标题。【解
83、题导语】本文主要探究了人类天生具备的跑步能力。32B解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But do you know that humans can leave them in the dust? At least, in the long run, thats right.”可推知，第一段提到猎豹是为了和人类进行对比，从而引出从长远来看，人类是地球上跑得最快的。故选B。33C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We have 24 million sweat glands(腺) all over our body”和“Having no fur is also a huge plus.”可知，
84、人类之所以在跑步方面耐力很强是因为人类有很多的汗腺，且没有动物的毛皮。故选C。34D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“Studies show running can lower body weight and body fat. And the longer you train, the greater the benefits are.”，并结合题干可知，想减肥的人只要进行系统的跑步训练即可。故选D。35A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“But in fact, you were born to go on that run.”并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，作者强调了人类天生就具备
85、很强的跑步能力。故选A。第二节【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了向朋友道歉的正确方法。36E解析：根据空后的“Whatever the reason”可知，空处与空前一句讲的是向朋友道歉的原因，所以选项E与语境相符，且选项E中的“maybe”与空前一句中的“Perhaps”相呼应，故选E。37C解析：空处位于段落句首主题句的位置；通读该段可知，该段主要讲的是道歉对友谊的好处，故C项符合语境。38G解析：根据空后的“but that doesnt mean we still shouldnt apologize”可知，G项“有时我们的朋友轻易地就原谅了我们犯的小错误”符合语境。39D解析：
86、根据空后的“depending on.who you are apologizing to”可知，D项“你道歉的方法要稍微不同”与之衔接自然，故选D项。40B解析：根据空后的“you should talk things through with your friends until you see why they are hurt or how you came across”可知，B项“如果你确实认为你没做错什么”与之联系紧密，故选B项。第三部分语言知识运用第一节【解题导语】Greenberg是哥伦比亚大学的一名优秀学生，他因患青光眼而失明，因此不愿见任何人。幸运的是，在好朋友Arthu
87、r的帮助下，他克服了困难，重新找到了生活的美好。41C解析：根据空前一句“Greenberg was a lucky guy to enter Columbia University on a full scholarship.”和空后一句中的“he was diagnosed(诊断) with glaucoma(青光眼)”可推知，此处表示Greenberg的命运(fortune)发生了变化。故正确答案为C。42B解析：根据空后的“and later he was diagnosed(诊断) with glaucoma(青光眼)”可推知，一天，他的视力变得模糊。故正确答案为B。steam up
88、“使蒙上水汽”。43D解析：根据空前一句“Then doctors operated on Greenbergs eyes.”和空后的“the surgery didnt work”可知，前后句是转折关系。However “但是，然而”符合语境。otherwise“否则”；moreover“而且，此外”；therefore“因此，所以”。44B解析：根据空前一句“Greenberg was going blind.”可知，他是如此绝望(desperate)以至于拒绝见任何人。故正确答案为B。45A解析：根据下文“Arthur read _ to him every day, taking ti
89、me out from his own study”可知，Arthur说服Greenberg回到哥伦比亚大学，并主动提出(offered)成为他的“阅读器”。故正确答案为A。46C解析：根据下文“Greenberg _ scoring straight As”并结合语境可推知，Arthur应该是给Greenberg读课本(textbooks)。故正确答案为C。47A解析：根据语境可知，在Arthur的帮助下，Greenberg最终取得了全优的成绩。end up“最终” 符合语境。故正确答案为A。48D解析：根据本句中的“Still”以及空后的“relied on his friend”可推知，
90、他对独处感到犹豫。tentative“犹豫的”符合语境，故正确答案为D。49D解析：根据空后的“because of an appointment”可知，Arthur因为有约会而无法陪同(accompany)他。故正确答案为D。abandon“抛弃，丢弃”；rescue“营救”；comfort“安慰”。50B解析：根据语境可知，Greenberg还没有做好独处的准备，当Arthur无法陪同他时，他感到惊慌失措(panicked)。故正确答案为B。compromise“妥协”；explain“解释”；apologize“道歉”。51A解析：根据空前的“Arthur walked off”可知，A
91、rthur把Greenberg独自留在(leaving)纽约中央车站。故正确答案为A。52C解析：根据语境并结合选项可知，对于Arthur将他独自留下，他感到很困惑。confused“困惑的，糊涂的”符合语境。故正确答案为C。53A解析：根据空后的“at the Columbia University stop”可推知，Greenberg在哥伦比亚大学站下了车(got off)。故正确答案为A。54C解析：根据下文中的“Oops, excuse me, sir.”可推知，有人撞(knocked into)到了Greenberg。故正确答案为C。55D解析：根据下文中的“It was Arthu
92、rs.”可知，Greenberg辨别出(recognized)了Arthur的声音。故正确答案为D。56A解析：根据语境可知，Arthur之前将他独自留下，现在又撞到了他，Greenberg第一反应应是愤怒(anger)。故正确答案为A。57D解析：根据空后的“and realized, too, who had made it possible”可知，Greenberg意识到他这次能独自回到学校而不用依靠Arthur，这是之前他一直犹豫而没敢去做的事情。故正确答案为D。58C解析：根据空后的“Arthur had been with him the whole day, using one
93、of the most _ strategies”可推知，很明显(Obviously)，Arthur 一整天都和他在一起，用一种最巧妙的(brilliant)计策。故正确答案为C。59A解析：参见上题解析。familiar“熟悉的”； defensive“防御的”；complex“复杂的”。60B解析：根据全文内容以及空后一句“He always says he is the luckiest man in the world.”可知，失明也未能阻止Greenberg欣赏生活的美好(beauty)。故正确答案为B。第二节【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要叙述了美国青少年暑期生活的变化。61cl
94、eaning解析：考查非谓语动词。根据空前的并列连词and可知，空处与前面的cooking并列作be busy(in) doing sth.结构的宾语。62However解析：考查副词。由上文中的“It used to be common”以及空后的“the scene is becoming less common”可知，此处前后句构成转折关系，故用However。63their解析：考查代词。根据语境可知，空处修饰名词free time，故应用they的形容词性物主代词their在句中作定语，表示“他们的”。64from解析：考查介词。这种变化部分是由青少年得到的薪水很低而难以支付大学的费
95、用造成的。result from“(由而)造成”为固定搭配。65expectations解析：考查词形转换和名词的单复数。根据语境及空前的“their”可知，空处应用expect的名词复数形式，表示“他们的那些期望”。66accounts解析：考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，文章叙述的是一般的情况，且主语是US teenagersincreasing interest，因此谓语动词用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式accounts。67what解析：考查连接词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作动词learn的宾语，指物，因此填what。68is considered解析：考查时态和语态。根
96、据语境可知，文章叙述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时，此处表示“这被认为是一个明智的选择”，应用被动语态，故用一般现在时的被动语态。69a解析：考查冠词。根据空前的“is”和空后的“human activity”可知，此处表示泛指“一项人类活动”，且human的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。70practical解析：考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词，故用practical“实用的”。第四部分写作第一节短文改错Many traditional arts losing nowadays, because some of are being replaced by modern products.
97、 I feel sorry about the losing arts. In my ， they are classic and their charm will never fade away. Take my grandma for example. She is at papercutting which was learnt from her mother. When I found my grandma had this skill, I was so surprised and curious it. I asked my grandma to me the skill. Dur
98、ing the process, I found that this art was brilliant, I was attracted by it. Some traditional arts like papercutting should be .第二节书面表达One possible version: It wont be long before I become an adult, so I feel very excited as well as a bit nervous.First of all, Id like to express my sincere gratitude
99、 to my parents and teachers, without whom, I couldnt have made such great progress in my life and study. Secondly, as an adult, I should learn to be independent. Also, its time for me to take it into consideration what I will take up in the future. I wish to study in a key university to become a lawyer, using what I have learnt to serve our society.Adulthood means hope, challenge and responsibility, and Im sure I can do well in the future.