1、主谓一致语法定义：主谓一致即在句子中谓语动词的数必须和主语的数保持一致。一般可以根据三个原则来确定：1. 语法一致：主语的单、复数决定谓语动词的单、复数2. 意义一致：形单意复或形复意单的名词作主语，谓语动词要根据主语的意义决定3. 就近一致：谓语动词要和它最近的主语在数上保持一致语法一致用法例句主单动单，主复动复The results of the research are to be published soon.复合不定式someone, anyone, something, everything等作主语，谓语动词用单数Nothing is impossible to a willing
2、 heart.“each of +名词代词复数”作主语，谓语动词用单数“we, you, they或名词复数+each”作主语，谓语动词用复数Each of the students has an iPad.The students each have an iPad.代词all作主语，若指认，谓语动词用复数；若指事物或现象，谓语动词通常用单数All are equal before the law.法律面前，人人平等。All is well that ends well. 结局好一切都好不定式、动名词、从句作主语，谓语动词通常用单数Having to change trains is a s
3、mall inconvenience.“many a/the whole/each/every/eitherneither+单数名词“作主语时，谓语动词用单数Many a page in this book is missing.Either solution proves effective.意义一致用法例句形单意复，谓语动词用复数形复意单，谓语动词用单数The police have not made any arrests.Ten years is a long time.表示一类人the+adj./姓氏复数/国家形容词（the rich/ poor/dead/injured/wound
4、ed/Greens）The Greens are planning a day out.The Chinese are hard-working.如maths, physics, politics, news等以s结尾但为单数概念的名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。Bad news has wings. 坏事传千里。单复数同形的单词，谓语动词与其实际意义一致。（sheep, deer, means, works(工厂)）There is a little sheep eating grass on the hill.集体名词作主语，当其作为一个整体看待时，谓语动词用单数；如果指其中的各个成员，谓语动
5、词用复数。The whole class consists of 25 boys and 20 girls.The whole class are doing experiments.The population of Canada is about 29 millionAbout eighty percent of the population of this country are peasants“名词或代词+with/ along with/ together with/ as well as/ rather than/ but/ except 或not 等+名词代词”作主语，谓语动词
6、的数和第一个名词或者代词保持一致。Tom as well as two of his friends was invited to the party.Nobody but one teacher and three students was in the lab.特殊情况：1. 就近原则 either.or.，neither.nor.，not only.but(also).等连接的并列成分作主语时，根据就近一致的原则处理。离谓语动词近的主语部分是单数，就用单数；离谓语动词近的主语是复数，谓语动词就用复数。如： Either the teacher or the students are to
7、 blame Not only the students but also their teacher doesnt know about it Neither you nor I know how to do it2. “分数、百分数、half、the rest或most of +名词”作主语，谓语单复数和of 后面的名词保持一致。 Two thirds of the books are worth reading.3. “Kind/form/type/sort/series+of+名词”，谓语动词的形式，取决于of前的这些词。 This type of buses is now on sh
8、ow.4. a number of +名词+谓语动词复数形式the number of +名词+谓语动词单数形式5. “more than one+ 名词”，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词用单数。 More than one students has failed the exam.6. “aan+单数名词+or two”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： “one or two+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如： A student or two has failed the examOne or two students were planting trees yesterday af
9、ternoon 7. a quantity of 后既可以加单数名词也可以加复数名词，谓语动词都用单数形式；quantities of +pl./ U，谓语动词用复数形式。an amount of+U+谓语动词单数形式； amounts of + U+谓语动词复数形式There is a large quantity of milk. Great quantities of fish were caught on the high seas.8. 当主语后面跟有with，together with，along with，accompanied by，like，in addition to，as
10、 well as，as much as，more than，rather than，no less than，except，but，besides，including等连接的词组时，其谓语动词的单复数不受这些词语的影响。如： The rock singer，along with his bodyguard，was rushed away from the theater Mr. Robbins，accompanied by his wife and children，is arriving tonight No one but your parents was there then Tom，t
11、ogether with Mary and Alice，is going to swim this afternoon.9. 定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数方面应该与其先行词保持一致。Dont choose me, who am not fit for this job.This is one of the novels that have ever been written by Mo Yan.She is the only one of the girls who sings well in her class.10. 在强调句型“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分
12、“中，当被强调的部分是句子的主语时，“其他部分”中的谓语动词应和被强调的主语保持一致。It is the boys who are to blame.题组训练：1. To say you were ignorant of the rules _(be) no excuse.2. The cattle _(eat) grass on the hill now.3. Not every means _(be) useful.4. The English _(be) proud of their sense of humor.5. _(be) either you or he fit for the
13、 job?6. Many a good man _(have) been destroyed by drink.7. The writer and translator _(be) delivering a speech in our school now.8. Mary along with her sisters _(attend) the conference regularly.9. A third of his composition _(have) been corrected.10. Some new forms of art _(be) being discussed at t
14、he meeting now.11. Machines of this kind _(help) us a lot in our daily life.12. Mary as well as her sisters _(study) Chinese in China.13. Our school is carrying on a reform in education and each boy and each girl _(have) access to a tablet computer as well as the Internet.14. All we Chinese (be) hop
15、ing to be successful in fighting the novel coronavirus soon through our united hard work.15. The teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, (be) visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.16. Either you or one of your classmates (be) to attend the sports meeting next week.17. About one third o
16、f the population in Beijing and Shanghai(be) netizens, but in poorer areas, only three or four percent (be) online.18. Leaving the less important things until tomorrow (be) often acceptable.19. While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it _ (be) more effective at lengthenin
17、g life than walking, cycling or swimming.20. Fast food _ (be) full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.21. It is told in the national newspaper, the number of people that _ （go）hungry _ (be)greatly reduced.22. It can be clearly see
18、n that the number of cars on our roads _ rising these days. 23. Two months _ (be)a long time. We can visit our grandparents during the vacation. 24. This is the only one of the students _(who know) how to play the piano in our school25. The committee _(be) made up of 20 members, who _ (be)experts in
19、 medicine.26. After the earthquake, many doctors and soldiers (参加)the rescue work, and a number of injured people （be sent）to hospital in time.27. Either his parents _ his brother _ (be)invited.28. The population in Japan _ (be)not very large. But it is reported that about twenty-five percent of the
20、 population _ (be)old people. 29. _ (a/the number) of the students who took part in the military training _ (be)450.30. All we need _(be) a piece of advice on how we can improve our time management.31. The ruins of the ancient city _ (be)of great cultural value and should be preserved for research i
21、n the future.32. The publication of Great Expectations, which _ (be)both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist. 33. It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors, that _ (be blame) for the death of so many innocent people.34. Not only the drive
22、r but also the passers-by _ (be exposed to)danger because of the mechanical failure. 35. Large quantities of meat _ (be) sold in that store at the present time.36. My English teacher, as well as her students, _ (be invited) to perform at the party last night.37. Tom is the only one of the witnesses
23、who _ ( have reported to see/seeing) the whole accident. 38. Mr Wilson didnt believe that twothirds of his childrens spare time _ (be) wasted watching TV.参考答案：1. was 2. are eating 3. is 4. are 5. Are 6. has 7. is 8. attends 9. has 10. are 11. help 12. studies 13. has14. are 15. was 16. is 17. are 18. is 19. is 20. is21. go, has been 22. is 23. is 24. who knows 25. is, are26. were sent 27. or, was 28. is, are 29. The number of; was30. is 31. are 32. was 33. was to blame 34. were exposed to 35. are being 36. was invited 37. has reported seeing 38. was
