1、选择性必修二 Unit 1 Science and scientists-Reading and Thinking 词汇练习及句型讲练一、 根据中文或首字母提示写出下列单词。（P25）1. This illness causes s_ diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death.2. In general, doctors in those days had two _(矛盾的) theories to explain how cholera spread.3. Another was that cholera was caused by an i_ from
2、 germs in food or water. Snow s_ to the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed p_. 4. Snow began by _(做标记) on the map the exact places where all those who died had lived. There were m_ deaths near the water pump in Broad Street.5. Snow _(怀疑) that the water pump was to b_.6. A_(因此), he ha
3、d the _(把手) of the pump removed so that it could not be used.7. Moreover, Snow was later able to show a l_ between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London.8. The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank p_ or boiled water.9. Thr
4、ough Snows tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a _(大量的) _(减少，下降).10. Moreover, in his use of maps and _(数据), Snow _(改变) the way scientists study disease.二、单句语法填空（P25）1. Cholera used to be one of _(fear) diseases in the world, un
5、til _ British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome.2. As a young doctor, John Snow became _(frustrate) because no one knew know _(prevent) or treat cholera.3. In time, he rose _(become) a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria _ she gave birth.4. He discovered _ in two part
6、icular streets the cholera outbreak was _ severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.5. Snow suspected that the water pump was _(blame). What is _(much), in another part of London, a woman and her daughter had died _ cholera after moving away from Broad Street. 6. He was ready _(serve) dinner
7、 to his friends when he realized that he _(forget) to turn on the oven and the meat was raw yet.7. Targeting the host rather than the _(infect) was a bit non-traditional _ made sense because it was _(trick) to target the virus.8. Though these scientists have made substantial _(advance) in their rese
8、arch, further _(prove) is needed to make sure such drugs are not _ severe that they harm the body.9. _ Snow wad determined to find out was _ cholera broke out in 1854 in London.10. This was when you should have calmed down and got down to _(do) some solid work.三、写出下列词组含义，并用其适当形式填空。once and for all_d
9、ie of/from _suspectof_be infected with_calm down _get down to_subscribe to _give birth (to)_be likely to do_be to blame for _thanks to _in general _whats more _as a result of _in time/timely_1. Settling the matter _ is of critical importance for them to start a new life.2. I have never _ the view th
10、at schooldays are the happiest time of my life.3. _ the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market.4. In 2020, many species of animals _ the bush fires in Australia.5. In American culture, the smile is _ an expression of pleasure.6. The drug is _ causing over 200 death
11、s.7. At the beginning of the epidemic, a growing number of people _ the virus. 8. He found it hard _ his work with so much noise outside.9. Whenever in danger, you should _, then an idea may occur to you.10. He defeated all competitors and won the scholarship _ his great efforts.四、重点句式讲练1. However,
12、he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.分析：lose ones desire to do表_, 和never一起用加强了语气，表_改写为never位于句首的句式：_仿写：我对学英语一直很感兴趣。_2. Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate.分析：consequently相当于_; hit此处表“_”.应用：这个地区遭受了史上最强地震的袭击，因此，造成了严重的破坏。_3. It
13、 seemed that the woman like the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Accordingly, he had the handle of the pump removed so that it could not used.分析: 1). it seemed that表_, 可改写为_ 2). sothat表_; so后面可以跟_; so that 表_; 3). have+宾语+done表_; 应用：a. 我似乎把书落在家里了。_b. 这个句子
14、又长又复杂，我都搞糊涂了。_c. 我老师不让我留长发，因此我明天要去剪头发。My teacher doesnt allow me to wear long hair so _.d. 经过我们不懈的努力，我们最终解决了这个问题。_4. The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.分析：be (more/most) likely to do表_; likely其他用法：_仿写：年轻司机发车车祸的可能性要远远大于年长的司机。
15、_5. Through Snows tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.分析：through ones tireless efforts表_; see在此处表_; a substantial decrease 表_, decrease词性为_.a. 通过人们不懈的努力，感染新冠肺炎的人数迅速减少。_b. 20世纪90年代见证了一场主要的教学与研究的迁就融合的扩展。_Uni
16、versity accommodationforteachingandresearch.6. It was believed that cholera was caused by bad air or germs in food or water.分析：it is/was +done+that从句, 常用动词：say, hope, think, believe, report, predict, suppose, know, acknowledge, estimated, 注意：it is suggested that，该句式所在从句应使用虚拟语气，即：(should) + do仿写：据报道四
17、人死于此次重大事故。_拓展：有人建议禁止在教室内吃零食。_7. Many scientists subscribe to the view that it is human activity that has caused global warming.分析：it is/wasthat为_句式仿写: a. 不是Tom而是你该为这场车祸负责。_b. 巴赫死于1750年，但他的音乐天赋在19世纪初才得到认可。 Bach died in 1750, but _拓展：写出此句的倒装句：_8. It is not unusual for an athlete to be well-known while
18、 he is active and quickly forgotten when his athletic career is over.分析：It is not unusual for sb. to do sth. 中，not unusual使用_表示肯定。仿写：a. 一切皆有可能。_b. 学生与老师建立友好关系很常见。_c. 毋庸置疑你的行为已经对她的正常生活产生了很大的影响。_d. 不经允许你不能出校门。_9. Deciding on a theory is definitely of critical importance.分析：decoding on a theory作句子_; of
19、 critical importance作_.应用：a. 每天记一些单词对你扩大词汇量很有帮助。_b. 经常锻炼对你的健康有好处。_五、完形填空Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist? A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full 1 of the facts he observes He doesnt accept ideas which are not 2 on obvious facts, and therefo
20、re 3 to accept authority as the only reason for truth. He always checks ideas 4 and makes experiments to prove them.The rise of modern science may perhaps be considered to 5 as far back as the time of roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who lived in the 13th century. He was probably th
21、e first in the Middle Ages to 6 that we should learn science by observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself 7 many important truths.Galileo(1564-1642), however, who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great men in Italy, France, Germany, and England,
22、who began to show how many important 8 could be discovered by observation by degrees. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more swiftly towards the earth than small ones, 9 Aristotle said so, Bi Galileo, going to the top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two 10 stones and
23、 proved Aristotle was wrong. It is Galileos 11 of going direct to nature, and proving our opinions and theories by experiment, that has 12 all the discoveries of modern science.What 13 those people good scientists？ From the example of Galileo, we know it 14 that successful scientists are those whose
24、 observations have 15 better results.1AuseBsenseCspeedDtrust2AreliedBbasedCinsistedDcentered3ArefusesBdesiresCintendsDregrets4AcasuallyBcarefullyCquicklyDprivately5AdateBkeepClookDcome6AcommandBsuspectCsuggestDconclude7AbroughtBdiscoveredChandledDannounced8AtruthsBproblemsCinvestigationsDsubjects9Aa
25、lthoughBbecauseCwhenDif10AbigBsmallCtheoryDunequal11AspiritBskillCtheoryDwish12Aled toBturned toCset upDput forward13AmakesBpreventsCconsidersDpromises14AlikelyBclearlyCnaturallyDunwilling y15AforeseenBrejectedCproducedDchallenged六、阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Scientists from Britain and Kenya
26、 may have found a way to control malaria (疟疾) and possibly destroy one of the worlds most dangerous 16 (disease). The scientists say they have found a microbe ( 微生物 ) that prevents mosquitoes from being infected with the organism 17 causes the disease.A report on the research was published in Nature
27、 Communications. It says the microbe 18 (complete) protects the insects from infection. The microbe 19 (call) Microsporidia MB. The scientists found it inside the body of mosquitoes 20 (live) around Lake Victoria in Kenya. Experts say they do not know how the microbe prevents the mosquitoes from car
28、rying the malaria. But they suspect that it affects the mosquitos 21_(nature) defenses so the insect does not become 22 (infect).The researchers say the next step is to study ways to release the microbe-carrying mosquitoes 23 the wild. Malaria kills about 400,000 people every year. The disease sprea
29、ds to people through mosquito bites. Mosquito nets and insect-killing chemicals 24 (help) people fight against malaria over the past 20 years. This is especially the case in African countries south of the Sahara Desert. However, mosquitoes in some areas are becoming resistant to chemical products. T
30、he World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that 25 number of malaria deaths could reach 769,000 or higher this year.Unit 1 Reading and Thinking 参考答案：一二答案略三、1 once and for all 2 subscribed to 3. Thanks to 4 died from 5 in general 6 suspected of 7. were infected with 8 to get down to 9 calm down 10 a
31、s a result of 四、1. 不想做某事；一直想要做某事；never did he lose his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.仿写: I never lose my interest in learning English. / Never do I lose my interest in learning English.2. As a consequence/result/In consequence; 袭击 仿写：The strongest/most violent earthquake in history hit
32、the area, thus causing/doing severe damage. =The strongest/most violent earthquake in history hit the area. Consequently, severe damage was done.3. 1). 似乎，好像； the woman seemed to like the water 2). 如此以致于; adj./adv./adj. a/an+n. /many/much/little/few（表数量的词搭配）+n.; 以致于 3). 使被做应用：a. It seemed that I lef
33、t my book at home. =My book seemed to be left at home. b. The sentence is so long and complex that Im confused by it. =It is such a long and complex sentence that Im confused by it. =It is so long and complex a sentence that Im confused by it. = The sentence is long and complex so that Im confused b
34、y it. c. Ill have my hair cut tomorrow. d. Through our tireless efforts, we eventually had the problem tackled/solved/settled. =We had the problem tackled once and for all with our tireless efforts.4. (更/最)有可能做某事；Young drivers are far/much more likely to have accidents than older ones.5. 通过不懈的努力；见证，
35、目睹；大量减少；名词; a. Through peoples tireless efforts, the number of people (who are) infected with COVID-19 has a substantial/sharp decrease. b. The 1990shave seenamajor expansion of6. 仿写：It is reported that four people have been killed in/died from the terrible accident. =Four people is reported to have
36、 been killed in the terrible accident.拓展：It is suggested that the snacks should be forbidden/prohibited in the classroom.7. 强调句；仿写：a. It is not Tom but you that are to blame for the traffic accident.b. it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized. 拓展：Not until t
37、he early 19th century was his musical gift fully recognized.8. 双重否定; a. Nothing is impossible. b. It is not uncommon for students to have good/friendly relationship with their teachers. c. Theres no denying (the fact) that your behavior has had a great impact on/has made a big difference to/has grea
38、tly affected her normal life. d. You cant go out of school without permission.9. 主语；表语；a. Keeping in mind some words is of great help for you to enrich your vocabulary. b. Taking regular exercise is of great benefit to your health. (对有好处：benefit; be beneficial to; be of great benefit to; be good for; do good to; do sb. good)五、完形填空 15 ABABA 610 CBABD 1115 AAABC六、16diseases 17that/which 18completely 19is called 20living21natural 22infected 23to/into 24have helped/have been helping 25the
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