1、山西省山阴县2014高考英语阅读理解（2）及答案【广东省广州市调研测试】 As thousands of communities in the USA especially in the South became booming gateways for immigrant families from Central and South America during the 1990s and the early years of the new century, public schools struggled with the unfamiliar task of serving the
2、large numbers of English learners arriving in their classrooms. Education programs needed to be built from scratch. “We had no teaching resources suitable for English learners here before. We had to develop them all ourselves,” a Texas principal said. Throughout the country, districts had to train t
3、heir own teachers to teach English to non-native speakers or recruit teachers from elsewhere. School staff members had to figure out how to communicate with parents who spoke no English. But even as immigration has slowed or stopped in many places, and instructional programs for English-learners hav
4、e matured, serving immigrant families and their children remains a work in progress in many public schools, especially those in communities that are skeptical, or sometimes unwelcoming, to the newcomers. One of the biggest challenges educators face, is communicating effectively with parents who dont
5、 speak English an issue that, in part, has contributed to recent complaints of discrimination by Latino students in some cities. “The parents role is very important for the success of these students, but its also one of the most difficult things weve had to tackle,” said Jim D. Rollins, the presiden
6、t of the Springdale school district, where the 19,000-student school system has gone from having no English-learners 15 years ago to more than 7,500 now. “You have to make it a priority and work on it, work on it, and work on it.” Aside from the practical challenges, such as finding bilingual (会说两种语
7、言的) staff members, guiding districts through such dramatic changes requires school leaders to bridge difficult political and cultural divides. For school leaders in the South, especially in the last few years, this difficult job has been made harder still by the negative attitudes of some locals tow
8、ards immigrants. 36. According to the passage, what is the problem that public schools are facing? A. Handling more cases from the immigrant Mexican communities. B. Offering services to immigrant families in the southern states. C. Offering enough communicative lessons to immigrant parents. D. Provi
9、ding education for non-native English learners.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据public schools struggled with the unfamiliar task of serving the large numbers of English learners arriving in their classrooms.公立学校目前面临的问题是为那些母语不是英语的学生提供教育，故选D。37. The underlined part “built from scratch” (in Paragraph 2) probably mean
10、s “_”. A. completely new B. painful to make C. based on past experience D. constructed gradually 【答案】A【解析】短语猜测题。根据We had no teaching resources suitable for English learners here before.因为以前没有过适合英语的初学者的教学资源，所以这个短语应是完全是新的，故选A。38. What is one of the things the school leaders have done to deal with the
11、problems? A. Provide more Spanish-only classes. B. Invite more teachers from other places. C. Train their teachers to speak Spanish. D. Use bilingual parents as part-time teachers.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据Throughout the country, districts had to train their own teachers to teach English to non-native speake
12、rs or recruit teachers from elsewhere.主要问题是解决师资问题，需要更多的老师，需要邀请从外地来的老师，故选B。39. What do we know about the immigrant parents? A. Many of them cannot speak English. B. Most of them think education is not important. C. Some of them feel skeptical about the local community. D. Few of them have attended Am
13、erican schools. 【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据School staff members had to figure out how to communicate with parents who spoke no English.。这些父母当然不会讲英语，故选A。40. According to Paragraph 3, what has caused some of the recent complaints by Latino students? A. Discrimination by schools. B. Unfriendliness of the locals.
14、 C. Miscommunication with parents. D. Poor government service.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据One of the biggest challenges educators face, is communicating effectively with parents who dont speak English an issue that, in part, has contributed to complaints of discrimination by Latino students in some cities.由于学生
15、的家长不会英语所以交流起来有一定的困难，容易引起误解，故选C。 Passage Thirty-one (The Causes of European Separation in 16th Century) For a thousand years and more, the people of Europe had fought about many things, but they had been united in believing one thing: that there existed a single “Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church”
16、of which the Bishop of Rome, under the title of the Pope, was the visible and recognizable head in succession to St. Peter. But in 1517 a German monk, Martin Luther, challenged certain Catholic teachings and renounced his obedience to the papacy. Others had followed him, including Henry VIII. Thus E
17、urope was divided in every which way, the southern and eastern two-thirds still Catholic, the northern and western one-third what was coming to be called Protestant, though English-ruled Ireland solidly Catholic and the Spanish-ruled Netherlands, particularly the northern part approximating to moder
18、n Holland, grew increasingly Protestant; while in virtually every country, whether officially Catholic or Protestant, those of the contrary faith fiercely attempted to convert their neighbors and equally fiercely resisted their neighbors attempts to convert them. For this there was no simple, friend
19、ly solution to be reached on the principle of live-and-let-live. Each party believed that it had hold of the truth, the only truth that mattered, the one that led to eternal salvation, and its adversaries clung to falsehood which must necessarily head to eternal damnation: not only for themselves bu
20、t for all who should permit them to survive and infect others with their errors. Toleration, even reasonable discussion, was impossible. God and the devil could not mix. Just as Elizabeth was to ardent Catholics that Jezebel, so to earnest Protestants the Pope was “that wolfish bloodsucker,” and the
21、ir Catholic fellow-creatures mad dogs, toads and other such vermin to be cleansed off the face of the earth.These feelings, dangerous enough in themselves, were made more so by questions of geography and money. The Catholic countries bordering on the Mediterranean were by far the richest. From the b
22、eginning of the Middle Ages the Republic of Venice had controlled the trade routes to the East, bringing the wares carried out of Persia, China and the Indies by camel to her depots in Syria and reloading them in her high, gorgeously painted vessels for transshipment to Italy and beyond. Since the e
23、nd of the fifteen century, first Portugal by sailing round Africa to India, then Spain by the discovery of America, had likewise been in a position to bring for sale to Europe all the rare and wonderful things for which Europe longedsilks and precious woods, sugar and spices, gold and silver, works
24、of exquisite art and strange animals from peacock to tigers. In 1494, two years after Columbuss first voyage to America, Pope Alexander VI had divided the unexplored world beyond the seas between Spain and Portugal as reward for their enterprise and to keep them from fighting. The other countries ha
25、d respected this division so long as they remained Catholic.1. The best title for this passage isA. The History of Europe in 16th Century. The Religious History of Europe in 16th Century.C. The Causes of European Separation in 16th Century.2. What does we learn from the passage?A. The Pope had the s
26、upreme power in religion before reform. The Pope had the greatest power in every thing outside religion.C. The Pope was the real king in Europe then.D. The Pope was the real ruler in Europe then.3. What did the sentence “The other countries had respected this division so long as they remained Cathol
27、ic” imply?A. It implied this division could not be respected long. It implied this division would not face a challenge.C. It implied this division would be respected forever.D. It implied the power of the Pope would never decline.4. Which of the following is not mentioned as a cause to deepen the da
28、ngerous feelings?A. Money. . Geology. C. Religion. D. Geography.Vocabulary1. Apostolic 罗马教皇的，使徒的2. in succession to 继承，接班3. Martin Luther 马丁路德 14831546德国宗教改革家4. teachings 教义5. renounce 抛弃，摈弃，否认6. papacy 罗马教皇职位/制度，这里指罗马教皇7. cling to 坚持8. damnation 诅咒，永远的处罚9. bloodsucker 吸血鬼10. depot 仓库，补给站11. gorgeou
29、s 华丽的，灿烂的，辉煌的12. spice 香料13. enterprise 事业，业绩，功勋难句译注1. Thus Europe was divided in every which way, the southern and eastern two-thirds still Catholic, the northern and western one-third what was coming to be called Protestant, though English-ruled Ireland solidly Catholic and the Spanish-ruled Nethe
30、rlands, particularly the northern part approximating to modern Holland, grew increasingly Protestant; while in virtually every country, whether officially Catholic or Protestant, those of the contrary faith fiercely attempted to convert their neighbors and equally fiercely resisted their neighbors a
31、ttempts to convert them.结构简析 every which way. 四面八方，散乱。这里指四分五裂。EX : Railroads cross the country in every which way. 铁路四通八达，纵横全国。参考译文 就这样欧洲四分五裂：东南部2/3仍然是天主教，西北部1/3是后来被称为的基督教，虽然英国统治的爱尔兰是稳固的天主教，而西班牙统治的荷兰，特别是靠近现代荷兰的北部地区越来越变成基督教。事实上，在每个国家，不论官方声称是天主教还是基督教，相反信仰的人都拼命想把他的邻居变过来，也同样强烈的抵制他们的邻居企图把他们变过去。2. Each pa
32、rty believed that it had hold of the truth, the only truth that mattered, the one that led to eternal salvation, and its adversaries clung to falsehood which must necessarily head to eternal damnation: not only for themselves but for all who should permit them to survive and infect others with their
33、 errors.结构简析 believed 有两个宾语从句，用and连接。第一个宾语从句that it had hold of the truth中，the only the one都说明truth,是它的同位语。And 后的宾语从句省略了连词that，句中有定语从句which must 修饰falsehood，后面的who定从修饰all.参考译文 每一派都认为他掌握了真理，唯一的至关重要的这里，通向永恒获救解脱，而它的对手（敌人）死抓住错误不放，这必然导致永恒的诅咒；不仅诅咒他们自己，还诅咒那些让他们生存下去，让他们错误感染别人的人。3. Just as Elizabeth was to a
34、rdent Catholics that Jezebel, so to earnest Protestants the Pope was “that wolfish bloodsucker,” and their Catholic fellow-creatures mad dogs, toads and other such vermin to be cleansed off the face of the earth.结构简析 注意just asso 句型，so 后是部分倒装。To cleanse off消减，清除出。Jezebel耶西别古代以色列国王亚哈的妻子，残忍淫荡。后指无耻放荡的女人
35、，胭脂虎。这里指英国女王伊丽莎白。参考译文 就像伊丽莎白女王对狂热的天主教徒来讲那是个耶西别；对基督教徒来说罗马教皇是那个残忍的吸血鬼。天主教徒是疯狗，蛤蟆，其他种种恶魔，应从地球表面上清除出去。写作方法与文章大意 这是一篇论述“宗教改革后的欧洲形势”的文章。（16世纪欧洲的情况）。作者从三方面论及其分裂的原由，欧洲在宗教改革后的信仰分裂，造成新旧教势不两立的局面，地理位置和金钱两个因素加剧了分裂的局面。答案祥解1. D. 16世纪欧洲分裂的因素。上面文章大意中作者是从三方面论及其分裂。见难句译注1和第三段第一句：“这些情感，本身就危险，再加上地理和金钱两个问题，情况就更加不妙了。”A. 欧洲
36、史。 B. 欧洲宗教史。这两项涉及面更广。 C. 宗教改革对16世纪欧洲的影响。和标题有些接近。但第三段却是和宗教无关的两个因素。2. C. 在改革前，罗马教皇是欧洲真正的帝王。这在第一段中有明确的叙述“一千多年来，欧洲人们虽然在许多事情彼此斗争过，可是在信仰上团结一致，都信只有一个神圣的天主教和罗马教皇的教会。那里的罗马大主教，称为教皇，是继承圣彼德之后有形的公认领袖。可是，1517年德国僧侣，马丁路德向某些天主教教义提出挑衅，拒绝服从罗马教皇，其他追随他，其中包括亨利八世（英王）”。A. 在改革前，罗马教皇在宗教上具有至高无上的权利。似乎很有道理。实际上，教皇虽是宗教领袖，管的事情远远超出
37、宗教范畴。这在最后一段倒数第二句话可见一般。结合第三题谈。 B. 教皇在宗教之外的许多事情有着最高的权利。是明显不对的。 D. 教皇是那时欧洲的真正统治者。Then 一词可以指改革前后。3. A. 这种分割不可能长期得到尊重。最后一段的最后两句话“1494年，哥伦布首次远航美洲后的两年，教皇亚历山大六世就把这块大洋彼岸未曾勘探的世界分给西班牙和葡萄牙作为对他们业绩的褒奖（赏赐）和制止他们彼此开仗。其它国家只要他们依然信仰天主教，他们就会尊重这个瓜分。”as long as 是一个条件。一旦这个条件不存在，那就不会再尊重。另一方面也说明教皇不仅管宗教，见第2题A注释，因此并不正确。B. 不会面临
38、挑战。 C. 永远得到尊重。 D. 教皇权力永不衰退。4. B. 地质学。其他三项：A. 钱。 C. 宗教。 D. 地理位置。都提到。【2014高考英语福建省联考试卷】D I feel it enormous responsibility, as a mother of two little girls, to lead you down a path that is relatively healthy when it comes to beauty and self-image. In a lot of womens eyes Ive probably already failed in
39、that respect due to the amount of pink princess Barbie (芭比娃娃) mess cluttering up (堆满) Veras room. But I will say something about Barbie: I played with that stuff for a solid decade when I was growing up and here I am now at a healthy weight with a healthy outlook on my body and image. I have a succe
40、ssful career. If Barbie was really so damaging to my femininity (女性气质) and self-image I highly doubt I could list all of the accomplishments.But I get it too. Its hard for women to maintain a healthy self-image. I have girlfriends around whom I have to brace myself to see, because just being around
41、them makes me self-conscious. I look at old pictures of my mother and wonder why Ive never been able to be as skinny as she was. And then I have friends who are thinner than their mothers ever were. We women go round and round in circles, holding hands and trying to be one another sometimes. Men lik
42、e to think we dress and style ourselves for them, but why would we when they hardly notice? Ive never tried so hard to look good when I know Im about to meet up with a stylish girlfriend. Its she who will notice my slimmed-down waist or the thinnest, little bracelet on my arm.And I have no doubt tha
43、t the two of you, Veronica and Juliette, will endlessly compare yourselves to each other. You will wonder why one of you got longer legs or shinier hair. The thing Ill tell you is this: not even the prettiest of us feel settled. The girl you think looks the most perfect in the world is probably the
44、girl who wants to change herself more than anyone else.Dont take these on. You are not worthless. You are so full of love and light and you should let it shine through your every second. If someone pushes you down for standing tall then just push yourself back up and stand even taller. And know that
45、 the reason they push you down in the first place is just because theyre scared.68. From the second paragraph, we can infer that the author _.A. regrets buying so much Barbie stuff for her daughtersB. thinks loving Barbie makes her not confident about her self-imageC. owes her beauty and success to
46、playing with BarbieD. thinks playing with Barbie caused no damage to her beauty and success69. In the third paragraph, the author intends to show that _.A. women tend to be proud of their beautiful friendsB. she cares much about her appearance C. she feels proud of her mothers beautyD. women tend to
47、 admire others and compare with each other70. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. The author is disappointed that few men take notice of her slim figure.B. The author cares more about looking good before her girlfriends.C. Girls should constantly compare themselves with others
48、 to improve their beauty. D. Only the prettiest girl can feel confident about her beauty.71. The author advises her daughters that _.A. they should be cautious not to be pushed down by othersB. they should care much about their strong points instead of appearances C. they should try to grow taller t
49、han othersD. they should care more about others opinions【参考答案】6871DDBB 【2014高考英语福建省联考试卷】Etechniques , but he admitted there would be difficulties in meeting his goal . “ For example , if you run out of ink while printing on paper , you will throw that paper away . But you cannot throw half-completed
50、 buildings away if your material gets stuck , ” he said . Although the printed house is not available to visit , there is a chance for people in Shanghai to see items printed in 3D. The Belgium-based company Materialise NV held a 3D printing exhibition in Shanghai that started in late 2012 and ended
51、 in the middle of 2013 . The company is eager to show Asia what is possible with 3D printing .“ All the pieces shown here are what cannot be made through traditional techniques . A good example of this customization is hearing aids . More than 10 million people already use 3D printed hearing aids, a
52、ll made according to the size of their ears , ” said Wim Michiels , executive vice-president at Materialise NV .“ You can produce anything whenever and wherever you like . You dont need to set up production lines for pieces that only need a limited amount of products . Setting up a production line i
53、s a lot of work . It takes a long time and is very expensive for a limited number of pieces , ” said Michiels .Kim Francois , managing director of Materialise China , said their European and American clients have already taken the next step toward additive manufacturing with small series production
54、such as hearing aids .72. What is mainly talked about in the text ? A. The development of 3D printing . B. A 3D printing show in Shanghai . C. Varieties of items printed in 3D .D. The company Materialise NV .73. According to Behrokh Khoshnevis , what is the main difficulty in printing buildings ? A.
55、 Time . B. Technique . C. Space . D. Material .74. The example of 3D printed hearing aids was mentioned to show that _. A. these items used to be impossible to make B. 3D printing has a large market share C. 3D hearing aids help people hear better D. people need different sized hearing aids 75. According to the text , 3D printing is suitable for _ . A. mass production B. making small items C. small series production D. reducing production costs【参考答案】7275BDAC
