1、2019-2020学年杭州市浙大附中高三上学期10月月考英语试卷第I卷第一部分 听力部分(略)第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分35分)第一节:(共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABill Gates said his three children understand why he has promised to leave his 70 billion fortune to charity when he dies.In a revealing insight into his private
2、life, the Microsoft founder, 60, said his children are “proud” of his decision to devote his money to helping the worlds poorest.Gates said that instead of billion-dollar trust funds, his two daughters and son will be given a “great education” to help kick-start their own careers.But the business mo
3、gul did say there would still be a financial safety net in place, adding, “They are never going to be poorly off”.Gates and his wife Melinda, 52, have three children together, Jennifer, 20, Rory, 17, and Phoebe, 14.Jennifer is in her second year at prestigious Stanford University, California, where
4、her father donated 5million to the construction of a computer science building in his name. She is also an accomplished equestrian, riding in national competitions.The Gates will only pass on a fraction of their vast wealth to their children. The rest will go to their charity, the Bill and Melinda G
5、ates Foundation, which funds health and education projects around the world.He said, “This money is dedicated to helping the poorest. They know that, they are proud of that, they go on trips with us to see the work thats being done.”1. What will Bill Gates children be given?A. billion-dollar trust f
6、undsB. good educationC. vast wealthD. nothing2. What may be the name of the computer science building Bill Gates donated 5 million to construct?A. Bill GatesB. JenniferC. RoryD. Phoebe3. Whats the main idea of this passage?A. Bill Gates experienceB. How Bill Gates allocates his wealthC. Bill Gates a
7、nd his childrenD. Bill Gates fortune【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了比尔盖茨称他的三个儿女理解他承诺死后将700亿英镑财产捐给慈善事业的行为。文章介绍了他三个孩子的情况，以及盖茨夫妇对于他们巨额财富的分配方案。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Gates said that instead of billion-dollar trust funds, his two daughters and son will be given a “great education” to help kick-start thei
8、r own careers.(盖茨表示，他的两个女儿和儿子将接受“良好的教育”，以帮助他们开启自己的事业，而不是数十亿美元的信托基金)”可知，比尔盖茨的孩子将得到良好的教育。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Jennifer is in her second year at prestigious Stanford University, California, where her father donated 5million to the construction of a computer science building in his name.(珍妮弗是加州著名的斯坦
9、福大学的大二学生，她的父亲给斯坦福大学捐赠了500万英镑，用他的名字建造了一座计算机科学大楼)”可知，比尔盖茨捐赠了500万英镑建造的计算机科学大楼叫“Bill Gates”。故选A。【3题详解】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“The Gates will only pass on a fraction of their vast wealth to their children. The rest will go to their charity, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which funds health and education pr
10、ojects around the world.(盖茨夫妇只会将其巨额财富的一小部分留给子女。剩下的钱将捐给他们的慈善机构比尔和梅琳达盖茨基金会，该基金会为世界各地的健康和教育项目提供资金)”结合文章主要说明了比尔盖茨称他的三个儿女理解他承诺死后将700亿英镑财产捐给慈善事业的行为。文章介绍了他三个孩子的情况，以及盖茨夫妇对于他们巨额财富的分配方案。可知，这篇文章主要讲述比尔盖茨如何分配他的财富。故选B。BStanding in line for the latest iPhone at the Apple store,queuing for tickets to Wimbledon or e
11、ven just waiting at the post office might just have got a lot easier.Japanese car-maker Nissan claims to have just the thing to relieve the sore legs of weary queuersThe new system of “self-driving” chairs is designed to detect when someone at the front of the queue is summoned, and automatically mo
12、ve everyone else one step forward in line.The new invention is shown off in a company video, which re-enacts (重视) a busy restaurant with customers waiting outside. In the video, diners are sitting in a row of chairs, but will not have to stand when the next hungry diner is called to a table. Instead
13、 the chairs, equipped with autonomous technology that detects the seat ahead, slide along a path toward the front of the line. When the person at the front of the queue is summoned, the empty chair at the front can sense it is empty and so moves out of pole position. Cameras on the remaining chairs
14、then sense the movement and follow automatically.The system, which is similar to the kind used in Nissans autonomous vehicle technology, will be tested at select restaurants in Japan this year, Nissan said.Although Tokyo has some 160,000 restaurants, long queues are not uncommon. Therefore this syst
15、em appeals to anyone who has queued for hours outside a crowded restaurant: it reduces the physical stress of standing in line, Nissan added.Nissan also released a short video showing the chairs being used in an art gallery, moving slowly in front of the various paintings to let viewers appreciate t
16、he art without the need to stand up.4. Whats the meaning ofsummonedunderlined in paragraph 3?-A. detectedB. calledC. shownD. tested5. “Self-driving”chairs have already been used in a(an) .A. restaurantB. Apple storeC. post officeD. art gallery6. According to the passage, which of the following state
17、ment is true?A. With “self-driving” chairs, people will be released of queuing.B. The new invention is shown off in a busy restaurant.C. When the person at the front is summoned, all the chairs move out of pole position.D. Long queues are common in Tokyos restaurants.【答案】4. B 5. D 6. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说
18、明文。文章主要介绍了一种能消除长时间排队带来的无聊和身体上痛苦的一种新型发明装置“自动驾驶”座椅及具体使用。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据下文“automatically move everyone else one step forward in line.” 并自动将其他所有人向前移动一步，可以推测到上文是这种新的“自动驾驶”椅子系统是为了检测前排的人何时被召唤，由此可推断summoned意为“叫，召唤”，与called同义，故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Nissan also released a short video showing the chairs being
19、 used in an art gallery, moving slowly in front of the various paintings to let viewers appreciate the art without the need to stand up.” Nissan还发布了一段短视频，展示了一家美术馆使用的椅子，在各种画作前缓慢移动，让观众无需站起来就能欣赏艺术品。由此可知美术馆已经使用了“自动驾驶”座椅，故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“The new invention is shown off in a company video, which re-en
20、acts (重视) a busy restaurant with customers waiting outside. In the video, diners are sitting in a row of chairs, but will not have to stand when the next hungry diner is called to a table.” 该公司在一段视频中展示了这一新发明，再现了一家繁忙的餐厅，顾客在门外等候。在视频中，用餐者们坐在一排椅子上，但当下一个饥肠辘辘的用餐者被叫到桌前时，他们就不用站着了。由此可知，“自动驾驶”座椅是在视频中展示，顾客坐在椅子
21、上排队，故A.B都是错误的；根据第三段“The new system of “self-driving” chairs is designed to detect when someone at the front of the queue is summoned, and automatically move everyone else one step forward in line.” “自动驾驶”座椅的新系统设计用于检测排在队伍前面的人被召唤到时，并自动将其他所有人向前移动一步，C错误；再根据倒数第二段第一句“Although Tokyo has some 160,000 restau
22、rants, long queues are not uncommon.” 尽管东京有16万家餐馆，但排长队的情况并不少见。因此D选项正确，故选D。【点睛】词义猜测题，要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境上下文来判断其意义。因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。1.根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测。有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。2.根据同位关系进行猜测。阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这时可利用同位关系对前面或后面的词义或句意进行猜测。3.根据构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等)进行猜测。在英语中
23、，有很多词可以在前面加前缀，在后面加后缀，从而构成一个词，乍看起来，这个词可能是新词，但掌握了一定的构词知识，就不难猜出它的词义。4.根据因果关系进行猜测。在一篇阅读文章中，根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。5. 根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测。文章中的代词it, that, he, him 或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指一件事。有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找;也有时需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事。6.根据同义关系进行猜测。当词或短语之间有并列连词and 或or时，其连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此确定同等关系中
24、的某个生词所属的义域，由此可推知其大致意思。7.根据转折或对比关系进行猜测.根据上下句连接词，如but, however, otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别，从而依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。例如小题1中就是summoned根据上下文解释来推测其词义，同called同义，故选B。CUNICEF is calling on world leaders to reduce air pollution saying it leads to the deaths of more children yearly than malar
25、ia and HIV/AIDS combined.Around 600,000 children under age 5 die every year from diseases caused by or worsened by outdoor and indoor air pollution, especially in poor nations, UNICEF Executive Director Anthony Lake said in the introduction to a report titled “Clear the Air for Children.”“Pollutants
26、 dont only harm childrens developing lungs, they can actually cross the blood brain barrier and permanently damage their developing brains, and, thus, their futures. No society can afford to ignore air pollution.”UNICEF is asking world leaders to take four steps:Reduce pollution by cutting back on f
27、ossil fuel burn and investing in energy efficiency.Increase childrens access to health care, including more immunization programs and information programs about pneumonia, a leading killer of children under 5.Minimize childrens exposure to air pollution by keeping schools away from factories and oth
28、er pollution sources and using cleaner cookstoves in homes.Improve monitoring of air pollution.UNICEF said its air pollution report uses satellite imagery to show the global scope of the air pollution problem.Around 2 billion children live in places with outdoor pollution exceeding World Health Orga
29、nization air quality guidelines, the report said. Most of these children live in low and middle income countries.That includes 620 million in South Asia, 520 million in Africa and 450 million in East Asia and the Pacific, UNICEF said.The outdoor air pollution is most common in low-income, urban area
30、s and is caused by vehicle emissions, heavy use of fossil fuels, dust and burning of waste, the report said.The satellite map doesnt take into account the dangers of indoor pollution, primarily a problem in lower-income, rural areas where people use solid fuels like coal and wood for cooking and hea
31、ting.More than 1 billion children live in homes where solid fuels are used in this way, UNICEF said, For example, 81% of rural households, in India use this kind of fuel because its cheap and Air pollution is an especially serious threat for children because their lungs and immune systems are develo
32、ping, the report said.Unborn children are also at risk. Studies show long-time exposure to high levels of dust matter is associated with high rates of fetal loss, premature births and lower birthrates.7. UNICEF calls on the following steps except .A. Reduce fossil fuel combustionB. Give children mor
33、e access to health careC. Stop Childrens exposure to air pollution.D. Strengthen monitoring of air pollution8. According to the passage, which countrys children are less likely to die from air pollution than the others?A. AmericaB. South AfricaC. East Asian and the PacificD. India9. The authors atti
34、tude towards the steps that UNICEF calls on world leaders to take is .A. positiveB. negativeC. supportiveD. not mentioned10. This passage is probably taken fromA. a storyB. an advertisement.C. a geography magazineD. a news report【答案】7. C 8. A 9. D 10. D【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。联合国儿童基金会呼吁世界各国领导人减少空气污染，称空气污染每年导致儿
35、童死亡的人数超过疟疾和艾滋病毒/艾滋病的总和。文章说明了每年死于空气污染的儿童数量，联合国儿童基金会要求世界领导人采取四个步骤，以及儿童在空气污染地区的分布情况。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Reduce pollution by cutting back on fossil fuel burn and investing in energy efficiency.( 通过减少化石燃料燃烧和投资提高能源效率来减少污染)”；第六段“Increase childrens access to health care, including more immunization programs a
36、nd information programs about pneumonia, a leading killer of children under 5.(增加儿童获得保健的机会，包括更多的免疫规划和关于肺炎的信息规划，肺炎是5岁以下儿童的主要杀手)”以及第八段“Improve monitoring of air pollution.(加强空气污染监测)”可知，A“减少化石燃料燃烧”，B“让儿童有更多机会获得保健”和D“加强空气污染监测”是联合国儿童基金会呼吁采取的措施，C选项“防止儿童暴露在空气污染中”不是联合国儿童基金会呼吁采取的措施。故选C。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第六段“Ar
37、ound 2 billion children live in places with outdoor pollution exceeding World Health Organization air quality guidelines, the report said. Most of these children live in low and middle income countries.(报告称，约有20亿儿童生活在室外污染超过世界卫生组织空气质量标准的地方。这些儿童大多数生活在低收入和中等收入国家)”以及倒数第五段“That includes 620 million in So
38、uth Asia, 520 million in Africa and 450 million in East Asia and the Pacific, UNICEF said.(联合国儿童基金会表示，这其中包括南亚的6.2亿人，非洲的5.2亿人，东亚和太平洋地区的4.5亿人)”可推知，四个选项中，美国的儿童死于空气污染的可能性比其他国家小。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“UNICEF is asking world leaders to take four steps(联合国儿童基金会要求世界领导人采取四个步骤)”；第五段“Reduce pollution by cutting
39、 back on fossil fuel burn and investing in energy efficiency.( 通过减少化石燃料燃烧和投资提高能源效率来减少污染)”；第六段“Increase childrens access to health care, including more immunization programs and information programs about pneumonia, a leading killer of children under 5.(增加儿童获得保健的机会，包括更多的免疫规划和关于肺炎的信息规划，肺炎是5岁以下儿童的主要杀手)
40、”；第七段“Minimize childrens exposure to air pollution by keeping schools away from factories and other pollution sources and using cleaner cookstoves in homes. (通过使学校远离工厂和其他污染源，以及在家中使用更清洁的炉灶，使儿童接触空气污染的机会最小化)”以及第八段“Improve monitoring of air pollution.(加强空气污染监测)”文章中作者只是客观陈述了联合国儿童基金会要求世界领导人采取四个步骤的内容，并没有提及
41、自己对此的看法，故可推知，文中没有提及作者对儿童基金会呼吁世界领导人采取的步骤的态度。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“UNICEF is calling on world leaders to reduce air pollution, saying it leads to the deaths of more children yearly than malaria and HIV/AIDS combined.(联合国儿童基金会呼吁世界各国领导人减少空气污染，称空气污染每年导致儿童死亡的人数超过疟疾和艾滋病毒/艾滋病的总和)”结合文章说明了每年死于空气污染的儿童数量，联合国儿童
42、基金会要求世界领导人采取四个步骤，以及儿童在空气污染地区的分布情况。可推知，文章最有可能选自新闻报道。故选D。第二节:(共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Train Your Brain to Think in EnglishWhen you speak in a second language, your speech might be slower than you would like. This is because your mind is still thinking in your native
43、language and translating from it. A good way to improve your fluency is thinking in English. It is not very difficult, but it does take effort and practice. _11_Think in single words. Wherever you are, look around you and try to name the things you see in English. Of course, there will be things you
44、 dont know the words for. _12_ For example, if you couldnt think of the word “garage”, you can use “the place inside where I put my car” instead.Think in complete sentences. For example, if you are sitting in a park, you can tell yourself things like, “Its such a beautiful day” and “People are playi
45、ng sports with their friends.” Once this becomes easy, you can move on to more difficult sentences.Describe your day. Another exercise experts suggest is to describe your daily activities. There are a few ways to do this. Expert Thomas asks his beginning-level students to describe their day using th
46、e simple present verb forms. _13_ This would require other verb forms, so the skill level is a little higher._14_ When you do this, you are imagining yourself speaking to someone else. You are asking the questions and thinking of replies. This is a great way to practice what you might say in a real
47、situation.So, how much time should you spend on these exercises? _15_ When you make things a habit, it just comes into your mind without thinking. So before you know it, youre thinking in English.A. Talk to real people.B. Make up conversations.C. The key is to practice it every day.D. Here are some
48、mental exercises that can help.E. In that case, describe them in your mind using other words that you know.F. Then you will need to use a dictionary to look up the meaning of unknown words.G. Other experts suggest you mentally make plans in the morning when you wake up.【答案】11. D 12. E 13. G 14. B 15
49、. C【解析】这是一篇选句填空。文章针对如何练习用英语思考提出了几点建议。【11题详解】设空处在段末，可起到承上启下的作用。根据前文It is not very difficult, but it does take effort and practice.(这并不难，但确实需要努力和练习。)可知，所填空应提出如何进行练习。D项：Here are some mental exercises that can help.(这里有一些脑力练习可以帮助你。)符合语境要求。故选D项。【12题详解】设空处在段中，应是承前启后的作用。根据前文Of course, there will be things
50、you dont know the words for.(当然，也会有你不知道单词的物品/地方。)可知，所填空应是针对“不知道”提出了建议或方法。且后文For example, if you couldnt think of the word “garage”, you can use “the place inside where I put my car” instead.(例如，如果你想不出“garage”这个词，你可以用“the place inside where I put my car”来代替。)用了举例来证明这一方法。E项：In that case, describe them
51、 in your mind using other words that you know.(在这种情况下，用你知道的其他单词在脑海中描述它们。)符合语境要求。故选E项。【13题详解】设空处在段中。根据前文提及Another exercise experts suggest is to describe your daily activities. There are a few ways to do this.(另一种专家建议的练习是描述你的日常活动。有几种方法可以做到这一点。)可知，本段是在讲述专家提供的建议，且空前已有一位专家提及的一项建议，那么此空应是介绍其他专家的建议。G项：Othe
52、r experts suggest you mentally make plans in the morning when you wake up.(其他专家建议你在早上醒来的时候在脑海里制定计划。)符合语境分析。故选G项。【14题详解】设空处在段首，应是本段中心主旨。根据后文When you do this, you are imagining yourself speaking to someone else. You are asking the questions and thinking of replies. This is a great way to practice what
53、 you might say in a real situation.(当你这样做的时候，你是在想象自己在和别人说话。你提出问题并思考答案。这是一个很好的方法来练习你在真实情况下可能会说的话。)可知，这一段主要讲述了如何自己练习对话。B项：Make up conversations(编造对话)概括本段主旨。故选B项。【15题详解】设空处为本段第2句，且前一句So, how much time should you spend on these exercises?(那么，你应该在这些练习上花多少时间呢?)为疑问句，应对此回答。C项：The key is to practice it every
54、 day.(关键是每天都要练习。)进行了回答。故选C项。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳，项并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。My father always told me: All work is noble. He wasnt _16_ , but he earned a reasonable living. Thanks to his _17_ , I was able to go to Art College. I, however, wante
55、d to do something _18_ , something more interesting-I was special！After graduation, I moved to New York in search of a graphic designer job. It was winter and, ever the optimist, Id only brought enough money to _19_ myself for about a month. I wasnt _20_ -I was sure Id find a fantastic job immediate
56、ly.Within a few weeks, though, I found myself wandering around the streets having been _21_ by every design office in town. My hostel _22_ was almost gone and I hadnt eaten in days. “How had I reached this point？I wondered as I _23_ in my thin jacket.I was just about to _24_ when my dad called. He s
57、uggested that I get a job in a _25_ until something else came along. At first, pride made me _26_. But I was cold, hungry, and unwilling to go home feeling _27_ and defeated.I entered an expensive-looking cafe near one of the design offices that had turned me away and asked the manager if they were
58、_28_. She said they were _29_, and offered me a job right away._30_ , I found that I really enjoyed serving people. I started making big _31_ right away. Later, the manager learned that I had a design _32_ and asked me to design the cafe menus. That led to a part-time job at an advertising company.P
59、reviously, Id have never considered being a _33_, but there I was. I _34_ got my dream design job, but that winter I learned not to make _35_ about work.16. A. concernedB. wealthyC. generousD. caring17. A. educationB. timeC. powerD. effort18. A. differentB. simpleC. strangeD. safe19. A. entertainB.
60、protectC. supportD. identify20. A. disappointedB. worriedC. helplessD. alone21. A. rejectedB. annoyedC. restrictedD. invited22. A. hostB. roomC. contractD. rent23 A. waitedB. trembledC. regrettedD. sweated24. A. show offB. settle downC. give upD. set out25. A. libraryB. galleryC. factoryD. restauran
61、t26. A. hesitateB. agreeC. continueD. reply27. A. relievedB. ashamedC. secureD. lonely28. A. hiringB. workingC. servingD. checking29. A. reasonableB. popularC. overstaffedD. shorthanded30. A. HopefullyB. UndoubtedlyC. SurprisinglyD. Obviously31. A. designsB. contactsC. mealsD. tips32. A. hobbyB. com
62、panyC. backgroundD. task33. A. waiterB. designerC. directorD. manager34. A. simplyB. nearlyC. eventuallyD. temporarily35. A. preparationsB. assumptionsC. changesD. suggestions【答案】16. B 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. B【解
63、析】这是一篇记叙文。作者父亲总是告诉他一切工作都是高尚的，父亲有自己合理的生活，而作者却想尝试一些不同的工作。于是毕业后去了纽约寻找设计工作，作者非常乐观地认为自己会找到一个很棒的设计工作，因此只带了够过一个月的钱。结果几周后，作者却被镇上所有的设计办公室拒之门外。正当走投无路想要放弃时，父亲打来电话告诉作者先去餐厅打工。作者听从了建议，结果发现自己很喜欢为他人服务，并因此赚到了很多的小费。最终也通过餐厅得到了自己梦想的设计工作。作者最后学会了不要对工作做任何设想。【16题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：他不富有，但他的生活还算过得去。A. concerned关心的；B. wealthy富有的；C
64、. generous大方的；D. caring关心的。根据下文父亲的努力，作者才能上艺术学院可知作者家庭并不富裕。故选B。【17题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：由于他的努力，我得以上艺术学院。A. education教育；B. time时间；C. power力量；D. effort努力。根据上文作者家庭并不富裕可知，经过父亲的努力作者上了大学。故选D。【18题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：然而，我想做些不同的事情，更有趣的事情！A. different不同的；B. simple简单的；C. strange陌生的；D. safe安全的。根据I was special！可知作者想做与众不同的事，故选A。
65、【19题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：当时是冬天，我一直很乐观，只带了支撑自己一个月的钱。A. entertain娱乐；B. protect 保护；C. support支撑，支持；D. identify确定。根据下文for about a month可知作者只带了足够了养活自己一个月的钱。support oneself“自食其力；养活自己”，故选C。【20题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：我不担心，确信自己马上会找到好工作。A. disappointed失望的；B. worried担心的；C. helpless无助的；D. alone独自的。根据下文I was sure Id find a fanta
66、stic job immediately.可知作者确信自己会找到好工作，因此一点也不担心。故选B。【21题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：然而，几周后，我发现自己在街上闲逛，却被镇上所有的设计室拒之门外。A. rejected拒绝；B. annoyed惹恼；C. restricted限制；D. invited邀请。根据下文作者钱花完了，好几天没吃东西可知作者没找到工作。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我的旅社房租几乎没了，我已经好几天没吃东西了。A. host主人；B. room房间；C. contract合同；D. rent租金。根据hostel可知是房租，故选D。【23题详解】考查动词
67、辨析。句意：当我穿着薄夹克发抖时，我在想：“我是怎么走到这一步的？”A. waited等待；B. trembled颤抖；C. regretted遗憾；D. sweated出汗。与上文It was winter呼应，作者几天没吃饭又没钱，因此穿着薄夹克发抖。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我正要放弃的时候，我爸爸打来电话。A. show off炫耀；B. settle down定居；C. give up放弃；D. set out出发。根据当时作者所处的状况可知作者想放弃，故选C。【25题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：父亲建议我去餐厅打工，直到别的事情发生。A. library图书馆；B
68、. gallery画廊；C. factory 工厂；D. restaurant餐厅。根据下文I entered an expensive-looking caf可知父亲建议作者去餐厅打工。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：一开始，骄傲让我有些犹豫。A. hesitate犹豫；B. agree同意；C. continue继续；D. reply回答。作者的梦想很伟大，与众不同，现在父亲建议作者去餐厅打工，作者有些犹豫。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：但是我又冷又饿，不愿意回家，感到羞愧和挫败。A. relieved放心的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. secure安全的；D
69、. lonely寂寞的。作者的梦想很伟大，但现实生活却找不到工作，没饭吃没地方住，所以感到羞愧。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：我走进了一家看起来很贵的咖啡馆，旁边是一家拒绝我的设计室，我询问经理餐厅是否雇人。A. hiring雇用；招聘；B. working工作；C. serving服务；D. checking检查。作者询问经理餐厅是否在招人，故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：经理说现在人手不够，所以马上给了我一份工作。A. reasonable合理的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. overstaffed人员过多的；D. shorthanded人手不足的。根据下文o
70、ffered me a job right away可知餐厅人手不足，故选D。【30题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：令人吃惊的是，我发现我真的很喜欢为别人服务。A. Hopefully有希望地；B. Undoubtedly确实地；C. Surprisingly惊人地；D. Obviously明显地。根据下文I found that I really enjoyed serving people. 作者惊讶地发现自己真的很喜欢为别人服务。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：我很快就收到了很多小费。A. designs设计；B. contacts联系人；C. meals餐饭；D. tips小费。
71、作者是服务员，所以很快就收到了很多小费。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：后来经理了解到我有设计背景。A. hobby爱好；B. company公司；C. background背景；D. task课题。与上文作者毕业于设计学校呼应，故选C。【33题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：以前，我从来没有想过要成为服务员，但我现在是。A. waiter服务员；B. designer设计师；C. director主任；D. manager经理。作者的理想是设计，所以从没想过会成为一个服务员。故选A。【34题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：我最终得到了我梦寐以求的设计工作。A. simply简单地；B. nea
72、rly差不多；C. eventually最后；D. temporarily临时地。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：但是在那个冬天我学会了不要对工作做设想。A. preparations准备；B. assumptions假定，设想；C. changes改变；D. suggestions建议。故选B。非选择题部分第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Have you ever wondered _36_ you would do to solve math problems
73、 if you didnt have a calculator or computer or even pencil and paper? People in China have used an ancient counting tool _37_ (perform) mathematical operations. The Chinese calculators name is “suanpan”, but it is known _38_“abacus” in English. Invented by Liu Hong, abacus is one of the symbols of C
74、hinese peoples wisdom _39_ (date) back to the 12th century. Abacus has had a far-reaching influence on science and technology, language, literature, art, architecture and many _40_ fields of China and even some areas of the world. Meanwhile, abacus has affected peoples character, such as honesty and
75、 diligence. For centuries, this simple counting device _41_ (pass) down through different dynasties with its original design and purpose _42_ (actual) unchanged. The calculations can be made on it immediately, with the device storing the results in “visual storage” much like a computer display. _43_
76、 working with an amount of numbers, an abacus is practically faster, since it has a _44_ (good) “keyboard” than the Western calculators. Anyway, the small abacus has made an outstanding _45_ (contribute) in the fields of human intellectual development, just as the computer does in todays society.【答案
77、】36. what 37. to perform 38. as 39. dating 40. other 41. has been passed 42. actually 43. When/While 44. better 45. contribution【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的算盘。算盘是12世纪刘洪发明的，是中国人智慧的象征之一。算盘对中国乃至世界许多领域的科技、语言、文学、艺术、建筑等产生了深远的影响。【36题详解】考查连接词。句意：你有没有想过，如果你没有计算器或电脑，甚至没有铅笔和纸，你会做什么来解决数学问题?本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“什么”，故填
78、what。【37题详解】考查不定式。句意：中国人使用古老的计数工具进行数学运算。短语use sth. to do sth.“用做”。故填to perform。【38题详解】考查固定短语。句意：中国计算器的名字叫“算盘”，但在英语中它被称为“算盘”。短语be known as“被称为；被认为是”，故填as。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：算盘能追溯到12世纪，是刘洪发明的，是中国人智慧的象征之一。本句中date做非谓语动词与逻辑主语构成主动关系，故填现在分词dating。【40题详解】考查代词。句意：算盘对中国乃至世界许多其他的领域的科技、语言、文学、艺术、建筑等产生了深远的影响。此处需要形
79、容词，表示“别的,其他”,泛指“其他的（人或物）”。故填other。【41题详解】考查动词时态。句意：几个世纪以来，这种简单的计数装置在不同的朝代流传下来，它最初的设计和用途实际上没有改变。根据上文For centuries可知应用现在完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故填has been passed。【42题详解】考查副词。句意同上。unchanged为形容词需要副词修饰，故填actually。【43题详解】考查连接词。句意：当处理大量的数字时，算盘实际上更快，因为它有比西方计算器更好的“键盘”。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当时候”，故填When/While。【44题详解】考查形容词比较
80、级。根据下文than the Western calculators可知是二者之间的比较，故应用形容词比较级better。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：无论如何，小算盘在人类智力发展领域做出了杰出的贡献，就像当今社会的计算机一样。根据上文an outstanding可知应填名词，故填contribution。【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法
81、区别上考查。如第一小题，本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“什么”，故填what。第二节:书面表达(共1题，满分15分)第四部分:应用文写作(满分15分)46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim对中国文化很感兴趣，计划寒假到中国旅游，来信向你咨询该做何行前准备。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：1.表示欢迎：2.行前准备建议：3.美好祝愿。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【答案】Dear Jim,Im glad to know youre coming to China to travel in the winter vacation. Here are some
82、tips for you during your stay here.You can take the plane if you travel to a faraway place. By the way, high-speed railway, which is fast and comfortable, is very popular in China today. While shopping, you can use your credit card or cash. But theres a new and interesting way of paying called Alipa
83、y or WeChat pay. As for the weather, its cold in winter here. So do wear thick and warm clothes. Hotels are easy to find and Chinese food is distinctive and delicious. Im sure youll enjoy yourself here.Looking forward to seeing you soonYours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇考查的作文类型是建议信。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般
84、现在时和一般将来时。结构：三段式结构。第一段表述欢迎以及写信目的。第二段表述建议具体内容和美好祝愿。第三段寒暄结束。要求：1.表示欢迎;写信目的（some tips）2.行前准备建议1)交通工具的选择；（plane）2)购物方式支付方式；（credit card;cash; Alipay; WeChat pay）3)天气，住宿和饮食(hotel; delicious food)4)美好祝愿。(enjoy yourself) 3. 寒暄结束(look forward to seeing you)第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）be glad to; take the plane ; by the w
85、ay; be easy to do; enjoy yourself; look forward to第三步：连词成句1. Im glad to know youre coming to China to travel in the winter vacation.2. You can take the plane if you travel to a faraway place.3. By the way, high-speed railway, which is fast and comfortable, is very popular in China today.4. Hotels ar
86、e easy to find and Chinese food is distinctive and delicious.5. Im sure youll enjoy yourself here.6. Looking forward to seeing you soon.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步：润色修改【点睛】【高分句型1】Dont worry about the accommodation in China because hotels are easy to find. 不要担心在中国的住宿，因为酒店很容易找到。本句使用了because引导的原因状语从句。【高分句型2】Wherever you go, youll find delicious local snacks which satisfy your appetite. 无论你走到哪里，都能找到满足你胃口的当地小吃。本句使用了wherever引导的让步状语从句和which引导的限制性定语从句。
