1、Section Welcome to the unit & ReadingLanguage points delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的(教材P22)As a member of the International Olympic Committee，I am delighted to have been invited to your school to talk to you about the history and significance of the Olympic Games.作为国际奥委会的一名成员，我非常高兴应邀前来贵校，跟大家谈谈奥运会的历史和重要性。(1)be
2、 delighted at/with/by对感到高兴be delighted to do sth. 很高兴做某事be delighted that. 很高兴(2)delight n. U快乐，高兴；C使人高兴的事，乐事 vt.& vi. (使)高兴；以为乐have/find/take delight in 高兴，以为乐to ones delight 令某人高兴的是with/in delight 高兴地，乐意地The delighted look on his face suggested that he was delighted with the result.他脸上高兴的表情说明他对结果很
3、满意。I have read your letter with delight.我高兴地读了你的信。To_my_delight，I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.令我高兴的是，我从数百位申请者当中被挑选出来参加开幕式。 【导学号：35812011】名师点津delighted常用来修饰人，表示人感到高兴的；也可以修饰voice，look，expression等词。 significance n重要性，意义(教材P22)As a member of the International Ol
4、ympic Committee，I am delighted to have been invited to your school to talk to you about the history and significance of the Olympic Games.作为国际奥委会的一名成员，我非常高兴应邀前来贵校，跟大家谈谈奥运会的历史和重要性。Few people realized the significance of the discovery.很少有人意识到这一发现的重要性。(1)attach significance to赋予以意义；重视be of great/no/lit
5、tle significance 意义重大/没有/几乎没有意义(2)significant adj. 重要的；重大的；影响深远的(3)significantly adv. 意味深长地；意义深远地His visit is of great significance in promoting mutual understanding between the two countries.他的访问对促进两国间的相互理解有重要意义。Food can also have a specific meaning，and play a significant(significance)role in a fam
6、ily or cultures celebrations or traditions.食物也被赋予了特殊的含义，它在家庭、文化庆祝活动或者传统习俗中起到非常重要的作用。 every four years每四年，每隔三年(教材P22)They were held at Olympia in Greece every four years，for almost 12 centuries，until AD 394.它们每四年在希腊的奥林匹亚举行一次，一直到公元394年，延续了几乎十二个世纪。The American people elect a president every four years.
7、美国人民每四年选举一任总统。,),You should take one tablet every_six_hours/every_sixth_hour你应该每六小时吃一片药。We had to stop every_few_miles我们每走几英里就得停一停。名师点津every作“每(隔)”讲，常用在“every基数词复数名词”和“every序数词/other单数可数名词”的结构中。 (教材P22)At the ancient Olympics，by tradition the athletes were all men and they had to compete wearing no
8、clothes.在古代奥运会上，按照传统，运动员都是男性，他们必须裸体竞技。(1)tradition n传统；风俗(1)keep up fine tradition保持优良传统It is a tradition to do sth./that. 做某事是传统by tradition 按照传统(2)traditional adj. 传统的；惯例的(3)traditionally adv. 传统上In China，it is a tradition to respect and love the old.尊重、关爱老人是中国的传统。By tradition，its the brides paren
9、ts who pay for the wedding.根据传统习俗，婚礼的费用由新娘的父母承担。Travelers have traditionally(tradition)fought this problem with sleeping pills or alcohol.旅行者一般用安眠药或酒精来解决这个问题。明辨异同tradition/habit/customtradition广义指世代相传的伦理、行为规范和生活方式，特指因长久奉行而几乎具有法律效力的习惯、习俗，侧重历史意义habit侧重于自然养成的个人习惯custom指一个国家、一个民族、一个地区或一个社会的习惯、行为方式或风俗习惯，
10、也可指个人的习惯tradition，habit，customThe celebration of Christmas is a customMy parents did their best to maintain the family traditionRegular exercise is a good habit(2)compete vi.比赛；竞争(1)compete in.参加比赛；在某方面竞争compete against/with sb.for sth. 与某人竞争以得到某物(2)competitor n. 竞争者，对手；参赛者competition n. U竞争； C比赛，竞赛
11、(3)competitive adj. 竞争的Several companies are competing for the contract.为得到那项合同，几家公司正在竞争。Its difficult for a small supermarket to compete against/with a big one.小超市很难和大超市竞争。 【导学号：35812012】As is known to us all，the College Entrance Exam is a great competition，and the students are competitors(compete)
12、众所周知，高考是一个激烈的竞赛，学生们是竞争者。语境助记Its an amazing competitionthe twin competitors are going to compete with each other in the judo.这是一场令人惊奇的比赛这对双胞胎参赛者将在柔道比赛中彼此对抗。 honour n尊敬；荣幸；节操；荣誉 vt.尊敬，尊重(某人)(教材P22)Single women were allowed to take part in their own competition，at a separate festival in honour of Hera，
13、the wife of the Greek god Zeus.未婚女性可以参加她们自己的竞技比赛，比赛在一个专门纪念赫拉(希腊神话中众神之王宙斯的妻子)的节日举行。(1)in honour of为向表示敬意，为了纪念be an honour to. 是的光荣It is an honour to do sth. 很荣幸做某事(2)be/feel honoured to do sth. 做某事感到荣幸(3)honourable adj. 光荣的，值得尊敬的Hes an honour to his family and his country.他是家族和国家的光荣。The Dragon Boat F
14、estival is held in_honour_of the great poet Qu Yuan.过端午节是为了纪念伟大的诗人屈原。He who died fighting for his country is the most honourable(honour)and glorious among the dead.为保卫国家而战死的人，是死者中最可敬、最光荣的。 side by side肩并肩；紧挨着；在一道(教材P22)He dreamt that the Olympics would make it possible for people of all countries to
15、 live side by side in peace.他梦想奥运会能使得所有国家的人民和平共处成为可能。That night，the two of them sat side by side at the piano.那晚他们俩紧挨着坐在钢琴旁边。shoulder to shoulder肩并肩arm in arm 臂挽臂hand in hand 手拉手step by step 稳步地，逐步地face to face 面对面地They walked slowly hand_in_hand through the flower garden.他们手拉手漫步穿过花园。The two have ne
16、ver met face_to_face before.两个人过去从未见过面。名师点津face to face作副词用，在句中作状语。facetoface用作形容词，在句中作定语；用作副词，在句中作状语。 wellknown adj.众所周知的，著名的，出名的；为人所熟知的/认可的(教材P22)Among them are many wellknown athletes.他们中有很多是著名的运动员。Its a wellknown fact that smoking can cause lung cancer.抽烟会引起肺癌，这是一个众所周知的事实。(1)be wellknown as“作为而出
17、名”。as后多接表示身份、职位、职业等的名词(2)be wellknown for“因而出名”。for表示原因，其后常接表示成就、事迹、贡献、特征等的名词，也可接动名词(3)be wellknown to“被所熟知”。to 后常接表示人的名词或代词Zhang Yimou is wellknown as a director.张艺谋是知名导演。He was wellknown for his extreme political views.他以极端的政治观点著称。名师点津作定语时，写作wellknown；作表语时，写作well known。语境助记Song Zuying is wellknown
18、 as a singer to people in China，and she is wellknown for singing folk songs.宋祖英在中国是著名的歌唱家，她因唱民族歌曲而出名。 absence n缺席，不在场；不存在(教材P23)At the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics，the Peoples Republic of China returned to the Olympics after 32 years absence.在1984年洛杉矶奥运会上，中华人民共和国在缺席32年后重返奥运会。Behave yourself during my a
19、bsence.我不在时要规矩点。(1)absence from school/work缺课/缺勤absence of mind 心不在焉，精神恍惚in the absence of 缺乏时；当不在时in ones absence 某人不在时；某人外出时(2)absent adj. 不在的；缺席的be absent from 不在；缺席They spoke ill of the captain in his absence.他们在背地里说队长的坏话。He is absent from work because he is ill.他因病缺勤。语境助记When asked the reason f
20、or Jacks absence，the students said he was absent from class because of fever.当被问起杰克缺席的原因时，学生们说他因发烧而没来上课。 excite vt.使激动，使兴奋(教材P23)At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games，Liu Xiang excited people all over Asia when he became the first Asian to win the gold medal in the mens 110metre hurdles.在2004年雅典奥运会上，当刘翔成
21、为赢得男子110米跨栏金牌的第一位亚洲人时，所有亚洲人为之振奋。The news excited everyone present at the meeting.这个消息振奋了会议上在座的每个人。(1)excite sb.使某人兴奋(2)excited adj. 兴奋的，激动的be excited at/by/about 对感到激动/兴奋be excited to do sth. 对做某事感到兴奋(3)exciting adj. 使人兴奋的，令人激动的(4)excitement n. U兴奋，激动；C使人兴奋的事From his excited look on his face，I know
22、he is very excited(excite)从他脸上激动的表情，我知道他非常兴奋。A weeklong celebration leads up to an exciting(excite)tomato battle as the highlight of the weeks events.为期一周的庆祝活动导致了一场令人刺激的西红柿大战，使其成为一周活动的最精彩的部分。名师点津excited意为“感到激动的”，是人因外物影响而产生的一种状态；exciting表示“令人激动的”，是事物本身的性质。有时也可以用excited来描述与人有关的事物，如excited look/express
23、ion等。 lead the way领先；带路(教材P23)The Chinese led the way at the 2008 Beijing Olympics，winning 51 gold medals.中国在2008年北京奥运会上遥遥领先，共赢得51枚金牌。The successful launching of Shenzhou10 proves that our scientists are leading the way in space research.神舟十号的成功发射证明了我们的科学家在宇宙探索中处于领先地位。lead to导致，造成；通向lead sb.to do st
24、h. 使某人做某事lead sb.into/to. 领着某人进入/去lead a(n).life 过着生活His actions could lead to him losing his job.他的行为有可能会导致他丢了工作。She led me to_believe(believe)that she had a lot of influence.她使我相信她很有权势。名师点津lead to中的to是介词，后面应该跟名词或动名词作宾语。与result in，bring about同义，意为“导致”。语境助记He led the way，and led us to a village of T
25、ibet.There we found the local people led a happy life.他带路，把我们领到了西藏的一个小村庄。在那里，我们发现当地人过着幸福的生活。 hang on(在逆境中)坚持；抓紧；别挂电话(教材P23)Yet，she hung on to win the gold medal in the final match.然而，她坚持下来在决赛中赢得了金牌。If you hang on，youll succeed in the end.只要你坚持下去，最终一定会成功的。hang on to sth.紧紧抓住某物；不放弃hang up (on sb.) 挂断(
26、某人的)电话hang around 闲荡；陪伴hang back 犹豫；退缩The girl hung on to her mothers hand as they crossed the road.过马路的时候，小女孩紧紧抓住她妈妈的手。She was so angry that she hung up on me.她气得挂断了我的电话。语境助记Last weekend，I phoned Mary and hung on for several minutes，but in the end she hung up on me，which made me angry.I had to hang
27、 around in the street to calm down.上个周末，我打电话给玛丽，等了几分钟，但最后她挂了我的电话，这让我非常气愤。我不得不在街上闲逛以平静下来。 attempt n& vt.尝试，努力，试图(教材P23)These are some of the Olympic athletes who have brought joy to people across the world with their attempts to push the boundaries of human achievement.这些是努力推进人类成就极限、给世界人民带来喜悦和快乐的奥林匹克
28、运动员中的一部分。(1)试图做某事at the/ones first attempt 在(某人)第一次尝试时(2)attempt to do sth. 试图做某事，努力做某事(3)attempted adj. 未遂的，企图的an attempted murder/escape 谋杀/逃跑未遂For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to children.多年来研究人员试图表明电视对儿童来说是危险的。Fortunately，she passed her driving test at th
29、e first attempt.幸运的是，她考驾照时一次就通过了。He pleaded guilty to attempted(attempt)murder.他承认杀人未遂。明辨异同try/attempt/managetry指努力做某事，有成功的可能。attempt指做某事的企图而无或未必有成功的可能性，常译作“尝试”。manage常指“想方设法做成某事”，含有“成功”之意。try，attempt，manageThey attempted to go on with the work，but they couldnt. 【导学号：35812013】Her parents managed to
30、send her to the university she longed for though it cost them a lot.He tried his best to solve the problem. pass something on(to somebody)转交，传给，递给(教材P25)Now hes passing the torch on to Gao Min，who first competed in the 1988 Olympics，then to Li Xiaoshuang，now Zhan Xugang.Zhang Jun.Chen Zhong.and now
31、Sun Jinfang.现在，他正将火炬传给1988年第一次参加奥运会的高敏，然后传给了李小双，现在传到了占旭刚的手里张军陈中现在传给了孙晋芳。pass by路过；经过pass down 把(知识或技能)往下传pass away 去世pass through 通过；经历pass over sth. 越过；忽略；宽恕；回避Culture，traditions and values are passed down from generation to generation through schools.文化、传统和价值观念通过学校被代代相传。I witnessed the accident wh
32、en passing by我经过时，目睹了这次事故。Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window.透明类动物让光通过它们的身体就像光透过窗户一样。.语境填词1Much to my _，the girls seemed _ at their performance.(delight)2The launch of Chinas first space lab is of great _In other words，it is very _ to a
33、ll the Chinese people in the modern history.(significant)3The _ is very fiercehundreds of _ are _ for the prize，so I regret having taken part in this _ activity.(compete)4The naughty boy is always _ from class，and his _ makes his headteacher angry.(absent)5I was _ to know that Beijing is the city to
34、 host the 2022 Winter Olympics.When I told my brother about it，he also jumped with _(excite)【答案】1.delight；delighted2.significance；significantpetition；competitors；competing；competitive4.absent；absence5.excited；excitement.选词填空play a role in；in honour of；side by side；of all time；lead the way；hang on；lo
35、ok forward to；pass something on to somebody1Do you know the two men sitting behind the desk _？2She is going to _ that film.3Im _ hearing from you.4They are going to hold a party _ the opening of their new play.5Though my daughter doesnt like her present job，she wants to _ until she gets a new one.6I
36、t is said that the Swedes have _ in data protection all over the world.【答案】1.side by side2.play a role in3.looking forward to4.in honour of5.hang on6.led the way (教材P22)Today，both male and female athletes from around the world can take part，no_matter_what nation they come from.如今，世界各地的男女运动员不管他们来自哪个国
37、家都能参加奥运会。【要点提炼】no matter what 无论什么(whatever)引导让步状语从句。(1)no matter与what，who，whom，which，where，when，how等疑问词连用，只能引导让步状语从句，意为 “不管，不论”，可换成疑问词ever。(2)whatever，whichever，who(m)ever既可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句。No matter what/Whatever you say，I wont believe you.无论你说什么，我都不会相信你的。Whoever sees our school cant help feelin
38、g excited about the great achievement weve made.无论谁看到我们的学校，都会情不自禁地为我们取得的重大成就而激动。No_matter_how attractive they look in the store，once I get them home theyre unfailingly dry，hard，and tasteless.尽管它们在商场里显得非常好看，可一旦我把它们买回家它们就变得又干又硬，毫无味道。 (教材P22)It_was a Frenchman，Pierre de Coubertin，who brought the Olympi
39、cs back to life.让奥运会得以重生的是法国人皮埃尔德顾拜旦。【要点提炼】该句是一个强调句型，被强调的部分是主语“a Frenchman”及同位语“Pierre de Coubertin”。It was when we were returning home that I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.正当我们回家的时候，我意识到帮助了那些有困难的人感觉是多么美妙。(1)强调句型的基本用法：结构：It is/was被强调部分that/who其他成分，强调成分：主语、宾语、表
40、语、状语等，不能强调谓语。that/who的选择：强调人时用that或who均可，强调其他一律用that。(2)强调句型的特殊句式：一般疑问句：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who其他；特殊疑问句：疑问词is/was it that其他；not .until强调句：It is/was not until被强调部分that其他。I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.昨天我在火车站见到了李明。强调主语：It was I that/who met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.强调宾语
41、：It was Li Ming that/who I met at the railway station yesterday.强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.It_was_not_until_yesterday that I knew the truth.直到昨天我才知道真相。名师点津当强调主语时，that或who后的谓语动词应与被强调的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
42、 (教材P22)He dreamt that the Olympics would make_it_possible_for_people of all countries to_live side by side in peace.他梦想奥运会能使得所有国家的人民和平共处成为可能。【要点提炼】句中that引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中，含有“主语动词itadj./n.(for/of sb.)to do sth.”句式结构，在该句式中，it是形式宾语，其中的adj.或n.是宾语补足语，而不定式是真正的宾语。(1)常用于 “make itadj./n.to do/for sb.to do”句型的动词
43、有：think，believe，suppose，consider，feel，make，find等。(2)当动词find，feel，consider，make等后接that宾语从句时，如果后面有宾语补足语，则需要用it作形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置。She has made it a rule to go out for a walk after supper.她养成了晚饭后出去散步的习惯。After several attempts，he found it difficult to open the door by himself.几次尝试过后，他发现靠他自己真的很难打开那扇门。I thi
44、nk it_necessary_that we take plenty of boiled water every day.我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。 (教材P23)At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games，Liu Xiang excited people all over Asia when he became the_first_Asian_to_win the gold medal in the mens 110metre hurdles.在2004年雅典奥运会上，当刘翔成为赢得男子110米跨栏金牌的第一位亚洲人时，所有亚洲人为之振奋。【要点提炼】the fi
45、rst Asian to win the gold medal.赢得金牌的第一位亚洲人，在the first (n.)to do.结构中，动词不定式作定语，相当于一个定语从句。to do所表示的动作与被修饰词是逻辑上的主谓关系。如被动就用to be done形式。在序数词，最高级，the only，the last等后或此类词名词后多用不定式作定语。Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize，and the first person to win it twice.许多人都知道居里夫人
46、是获得诺贝尔奖的第一位女士，同时也是再次获此殊荣的第一人。He is always the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts.他是一个总是吃苦在前，享乐在后的人。He is always the first student to_come(come)to our classroom.他总是第一个来我们教室的学生。句型转换(每空一词)1He carries a book in his pocket，wherever he goes.He carries a book in his pocket，_ _ _ he goes
47、.2I believe its impossible to persuade him to join us.I _ _ _ _ persuade him to join us.3I found a key in my pocket._ _ a key _ I found in my pocket.4It was the first play that won all three of these major awards.It was the first play _ _ all three of these major awards.5I didnt learn the truth unti
48、l the next day.It was _ _ the next day _ I learned the truth. 【导学号：35812014】【答案】1.no matter where2.believe it impossible to3.It was；that4.to win5.not until；that,These are some of the Olympic athletes who have brought joy to people across the world with their attempts to push the boundaries of human achievement.【分析】【翻译】_【答案】这些是努力推进人类成就极限、给世界人民带来喜悦和快乐的奥林匹克运动员中的一部分。