1、Section The Right Price & Your Money根据提示写出下列单词1 n便宜货vt.讨价还价2 n.现金，现款3 n.产品；出品4 adj.很感兴趣的；热情的5 adj.羞耻的，惭愧的6 adj.坚定的；稳固的7 adj.好斗的；有进取心的8 vt.使烦恼，打搅9 vi.& vt.评论，评价10 vi.吸引，引起兴趣；呼吁；恳求11 adv.大约地，近似地12 vt.包含，含有13 vt.移开，挪走14 n.重要(性)15 vt.使困惑16 vi.前进；取得进展【答案】1.bargain2.cash3.product4.enthusiastic5.ashamed6.f
2、irm7.aggressive8.annoyment10.appeal11.approximately12.contain13.remove14.importance15.puzzle 16advance根据提示补全下列短语1deal 处理，应付2appeal 吸引，呼吁3hand 移交4play an important role 在扮演重要角色5match. .把与配对6be confident 对有自信7be ashamed 对感到羞愧8 be exact确切地说9take 减去，扣除10start 以开始【答案】1.with2.to3.over4.in5.with 6about7.of
3、8.to9.off10.with根据提示补全下列教材原句1If so，it is time for you to think again.若真如此，就到你重新考虑的时候了。2In fact，it is you who have the most important role to play in stopping Yellow River erosion.事实上，你才是阻止黄河水土流失最重要的人。3something that is of very good value非常有价值的东西4What is more，the success of the programme has greatly
4、improved the lives of the local people.而且，这个项目的成功已经大大改善了当地居民的生活。阅读P12教材课文，选择最佳选项1What plays the most important part in the prevention of erosion?ATrees.BCrops.CRivers.DFarmers.2We can conclude from the passage that Ait is not so difficult to control the erosion along the Yellow RiverBeveryone can co
5、ntribute to the control of the erosionCvisitors from all over the world must donate 5 yuan to the control of the erosionDonly government can help control the erosion3What cant be influenced by the erosion of the land according to the passage?AThe development of local economy.BThe quality of the soil
6、.CThe balance of nature.DThe development of transportation.4We can infer from the passage that the erosion of the land is caused by Alack of treesBlack of energyClack of clean waterDlack of farmland5Which of the following statements is NOT true?AThe erosion of the land has influenced peoples lives.B
7、A treeplanting programme has changed the Jiuchengong Valley into a beautiful world.COnly government and international organizations can do something to prevent the erosion from happening.D5 yuan can count in terms of the prevention of the erosion.【答案】15ABDAC阅读P12教材课文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式Ever
8、y year，a lot of soil 1. contains materials to keep the natural balance of the Yellow River 2. (remove)And thus it has caused the Yellow River erosion.3. (face)with the situation，everyone should do his best to change 4. .For a start，we can buy a tree，which will help make soil stay on the land.Then lo
9、cal 5. (farm) can grow crops to make 6. living.And this helps to develop local economies.7 (usual)，we may think 5 yuan is a small amount of money and may be 8. (puzzle)how it can have so much effect.However，a treeplanting programme has changed the Jiuchengong Valley in Inner Mongolia 9. a green home
10、land.All this started with 5 yuan！With 5 yuan 10. (buy)a tree，we can create a green future!【答案】1.which2.is removed3.Faced4.it5.farmers6.a7.Usually8.puzzled9.into10.to buy bargain vi.& n交易；便宜货；讨价还价(教材P10)Which of the following do most British people bargain for?下面哪一项是大多数英国人最易讨价还价的？(1)bargain with sb.
11、about/over/for sth.就和某人讨价还价bargain for/on sth.(常用于否定句)预料到；料想到(2)bargain n.协议，交易；减价品，便宜货make a bargain约定The coat is a real/good bargain at such a low price.这外套价格这么低，实在便宜。He bargained with them for the property.他就财产与他们进行商议。The salesman refused to bargain with us over the price.推销员拒绝与我们讨价还价。 【导学号：78912
12、006】 ashamed adj.羞耻的；惭愧的(教材P10)She is not ashamed to say she has not got much money.她并不羞于说她钱不多。(1)be ashamed of(doing)sth.对(做)某事感到惭愧be ashamed to do sth.以做某事为耻；羞于做某事be ashamed that.对感到惭愧(2)shame n.羞愧或遗憾之事to ones shame使某人感到惭愧的是Its a shame that.令人惋惜的是That kind of behavior makes me ashamed to be a Chin
13、ese.那种行为使我感到作为一个中国人很惭愧。He was ashamed that he couldnt give an answer.他因回答不出来而觉得羞耻。It is a shame that you cannot join us in this reunion.很可惜你无法参加我们此次的聚会。ashamed/shamefulashamed指事物使人感到羞耻、惭愧、尴尬等，意为“羞愧的，尴尬的”。主语一般是人。shameful指事物或行为本身可耻的、不道德的，意为“可耻的，丢脸的”。主语多为事物或行为。(ashamed，shameful)It was to make the same
14、mistake again and again.He felt of having done so little work.【答案】shamefulashamed annoy vt.打搅，使烦恼(教材P10)If the person says“no”，she is annoyed.如果那个人说“不”，她会很恼火。(1)annoyed adj.恼怒的；生气的；烦恼的be annoyed with sb.对某人生气be annoyed at/about/for sth.因某事生气be annoyed to do sth.对做某事生气(2)annoying adj.使恼怒的；使生气的；使烦恼的(3
15、)annoyance n.恼怒，烦恼I was annoyed to find they had left without me.他们撇下我走了，使我很不痛快。I couldnt see her face，but she sounded pretty annoyed(annoy)我看不见她的脸，但听起来她很烦恼。I was annoyed at those annoying things because my mind was full of annoyances and those things were annoying me all the time.我因那些令人烦恼的事而生气，因为我的
16、脑子里都是烦恼之事，那些事情一直在困扰着我。 comment vt.评论；评价 n评论；评语；评注(教材P11)Comment on the object.对物品的评价。(1)comment on/upon评论comment that.说/称refuse to comment拒绝评论(2)no comment无可奉告make a comment/comment on对评论Everyone commented on her new hat.大家都在评论她的新帽子。Joan commented that she thought it was time for us to go home.琼说她觉得
17、我们该回家了。Its impolite to make comments(comment) on a persons appearance.对他人的外貌做评价是不礼貌的。在refuse to comment之后，不能用介词on。 appeal to 向呼吁(请求)；投合的心意；引起的兴趣(教材P12)Well，if buying a bag of candies or cookies doesnt appeal to you，how about buying a tree instead?你如果对买一袋糖果或甜点不感兴趣，那(用这钱)买一棵树如何？呼吁/恳求某人做某事 appeal to sb
18、.吸引某人，使某人感兴趣(2)make an appeal to sb.for sth.恳求某人做某事make an appeal to sb.to do sth.呼吁某人(做)某事(3)appealing adj.有吸引力的；有感染力的；令人感兴趣的He appealed to me for help.他向我求助。She appealed to us to go(go)with her.她恳求我们和她同行。The police made an appeal to the public to remain(remain)calm.警方呼吁公众保持镇静。An old man，who appeal
19、ed against his sons sentence made an appeal to the public for help，which appealed to many warmhearted people.对儿子的判决提出上诉的老人呼吁公众帮帮他们，这吸引了很多热心肠的人。 (教材P12)The soil contains materials to keep the natural balance of the area.这些泥土中含有保持该地区大自然平衡的物质。(1)contain vt.包含，含有；容纳The room is too small to contain so ma
20、ny people.房间太小容纳不了那么多人。include/containinclude侧重“范围”，用于表示所包含之物中的一部分。contain可用于表示包含所含之物的全部或部分。更具体地说，contain指一个较大事物中所容纳的部分，有封闭于一个整体的感觉。contain容纳 include包含(contain，include)Put into the box as much as it will Everyone was annoyed by his rude remarks，me Our textbook twelve units.Six people were killed， a
21、child.【答案】containincludedcontains including(2)balance n平衡 vt.权衡，对比；使平衡；抵消，跟相抵(1)keep/lose ones balance保持/失去平衡keep a balance between.and.保持之间的平衡keep.in balance使处于平衡状态(2)balance.with.使和保持平衡(3)balanced adj.平衡的a balanced diet均衡饮食John lost his balance and fell off the ladder.约翰失去了平衡，从梯子上掉了下来。She couldnt
22、keep herself in balance on the balance beam and fell down from it.在平衡木上她不能保持平衡而掉下来。She has learned to balance home with career.她已学会平衡家庭和事业之间的关系。balance keep ones balance lose ones balance puzzle vt.使困惑 n谜；难题；令人费解的事(教材P12)Still puzzled how your 5 yuan can have so much effect?还是不理解你的五元钱怎么会有那么大的作用？(1)p
23、uzzle about/over.苦苦思索be in a puzzle处于困惑之中(2)puzzling adj.令人困惑的puzzled adj.困惑的，迷惑不解的be puzzled by/about/over.对感到迷惑不解Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me.他们为什么干那件事仍然让我费解。He read the email his wife posted to him with a puzzled(puzzle)expression on his face.他读了妻子给他的电子邮件，表情疑惑。Im puzzled abou
24、t this situation.我对这种情况感到迷惑。 advance v改进，取得进展；促进；提前 n前进；进展(教材P13)They were determined to take the opportunity to advance across the river.他们决定利用这个机会过河前进。(1)advance on/towards向前进advance in在方面有进展/进步(2)make great advances(in)在方面取得很大进步in advance提前；预先；事前in advance of在前；超过(3)advanced adj.先进的；高级的；后期的Everyt
25、hing was fixed in advance.一切都是预先安排好的。She advanced greatly in her knowledge.她在学识上大有长进。China has made great advances in industry.中国在工业方面进步很大。.语境填词1This world is alway so interesting and (appeal)2Im extremely (annoy)at the way he always stares at me in the office.3They brought in (advance)technology to
26、 increase productivity of their company.4How would you like her to ，and how would she explain that in her own words？(behave)5I was about the result of the he asked us.(puzzle)6Hearing the story，John couldnt contain his any longer.(amuse)【答案】1.appealing2.annoyed3.advanced 4behave；behavior5.puzzled；pu
27、zzle6.amusing；amusement.选词填空用所给短语的适当形式填空hand over；appeal to；start with；deal with；to be exact；take off1He the aim of injuring others，only to end up ruining himself.2For lack of work experience，he is not able to the situation.3Mary him for help，but he turned his back on her.4He is， ，sixteen years old，
28、and he is not old enough to join the army.5When Mr.Smith gets old，he will his business to his son.【答案】1.started with2.deal with3.appealed to4.to be exact5.hand over.完成句子1他为买打字机和店员讨价还价。He the typewriter.2她最后一次请求她父亲原谅她。She made the last to forgive her.3政府对这些报道迄今不作评论。For these reports，the government ha
29、s so far 4你应该为自己所做的事感到羞愧。You should . 【导学号：78912007】5伽利略的思想超越了他生活的时代。Galileos ideas were in which he lived.【答案】1.bargained with the salesman for 2appealed to her father3.refused to comment4.be ashamed of what you have done5.in advance of the age (教材P10)something that is of very good value非常有价值的东西【句式
30、分析】of very good value属于“of名词”结构，相当于very valuable。在“of名词”结构中：(1)use/importance/help/value/interest/quality/benefit/necessity名词前可用no，some，any，little，much，great等词修饰。(2)age/shape/color/size/kind/type/price/height/depth/width/length/weight等时，表示不同的人或物的共同特征，这类名词前可用a，an，the same，different，good等修饰。What he sa
31、id at the meeting was of great value(was very valuable)他在会上的讲话非常有价值。The two pairs of shoes he bought yesterday are (of) the same colour.他昨天买的两双鞋颜色一样。This dictionary is very important to my translation，while that one is of no importance(important)这本词典对我的翻译来说很重要，而那本则不重要。 (教材P12)If so，it is time for yo
32、u to think again.若真如此，就到你重新考虑的时候了。【句式分析】if so 意为“如果是这样的话”，so用于指代其前的一句话，表示肯定含义。常见的if.省略结构有：I might see you tomorrow.If not，itll be Saturday.我可能明天去看你。如果不是明天，那就是周六。There are few people nowadays，if any，who remember him.当今记得他的人，如果有的话，也不多了。 (教材P12)In fact，it is you who have the most important role to play
33、 in stopping Yellow River erosion.事实上，你才是阻止黄河水土流失最重要的人。【句式分析】本句是由it is(was).that(who)引起的强调句。强调句式可以强调除谓语动词和表语以外的其他所有的句子成分，用来加强语气。不同句式的强调句型：(1)一般疑问句的强调句型：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who.(2)特殊疑问句的强调句型：特殊疑问词is/was itthat/who.(3)not.until.的强调句型：It is/was not until.that.Was it yesterday that you met your teacher i
34、n the street?你是昨天在大街上碰到你的老师的吗？When was it that they went abroad?他们什么时候出国的？It was not until we entered university that we began studying French.我们进入了大学才开始学法语。“强调结构”五注意(1)强调句型中，被强调部分可以是主语、宾语、表语或状语，不强调谓语；(2)that只起连接作用，不作成分，但不能省略；强调的主语如果是人，that和who 都可用；(3)强调主语时，that后的谓语动词要与被强调者保持人称和数的一致。(4)即使被强调的主语是复数，I
35、t后的be动词也用单数；(5)判断是否是强调句型的方法：还原法，即把强调句型“It is(was).that(who).”去掉，若被强调部分归位后，能够形成一个完整的句子，即为强调句。完成句子1这本书对学历史的学生将很有用。The book will to students of history.2如有可能，他在相信某种事物之前总要先看到证据。 ，he wanted proof before he would believe something.3你在五月可以看到这种花。 you can see this kind of flower.【答案】1.be of great value/be ve
36、ry valuable2.If possible3.It is in May that动词不定式阅读下列句子并体会黑体部分用法1To get there by bike will take us half an hour.2Would you like to be a millionaire?3Her job is to take care of the children in the kindergarten.4The soil contains materials to keep the natural balance of the area.5On land with rich soil
37、，local farmer can grow crops to make a living.6The doctor advised the patient to give up smoking.7She asks to be treated equally.8Mary seems to be thinking deeply.9She is said to have studied abroad last year.动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to动词原形”，其中to是动词不定式的符号。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。不定式具有动词的特征，与其后面的名词等构成不定式短语；不定式具有名
38、词、形容词和副词的作用，可以在句子中作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语。一、动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式的时态和语态的形式见下表：时态主动被动意义例句一般式to doto be done不定式表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时或先后发生Im glad to see you. 我很高兴见到你。进行式to be doing谓语表示的动作(情况)发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行He pretended to be reading a book when I came in. 当我进来的时候他假装正在读书。完成式to have doneto have been done不定式表示的动作先于谓语表示
39、的动作We seem to have met each other before. 我们好像以前见过面。完成进行式to have been doing不定式表示的动作先于谓语表示的动作，且谓语表示的动作发生时该不定式表示的动作仍在进行He is said to have been studying abroad，but I dont know which country he is studying in.据说他一直在国外学习，但是我不知道他在哪个国家学习。二、动词不定式的主要用法1不定式作主语(1)不定式作主语，表示特指的一次性的具体动作。To say is one thing；to do
40、is another.说是一回事，做是另一回事。(2)为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式(短语)放在句末。It is not easy to learn English well.学好英语不容易。2不定式作表语(1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。My wish is to join the army after graduation.我的愿望是毕业后参军。(2)如果主语的中心词是aim，duty，hope，idea，job，plan，problem，wish等，或是以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语对其作补充说明。His jo
41、b is to feed animals.他的工作是喂养动物。3不定式作宾语(1)有些及物动词常用动词不定式作宾语。这些动词有：like，want，try，begin，decide，ask，forget，promise，hope，love，offer，refuse，wish等。(2)动词不定式在介词but，other than后面时，如果介词前有行为动词do 的某种形式，那么介词后的不定式不带to，否则就要带to。We could do nothing but/other than wait.除了等待我们别无他法。(3)在cant choose but，cant help but，cant b
42、ut等后面的不定式也要省略to。常见的只能用动词不定式作宾语的动词决心，学会，想，希望(determine/decide，learn，want，hope/expect/wish)拒绝，设法，愿，假装(refuse，manage，care，pretend)主动，答应，选，计划(offer，promise，choose，plan)同意，请求，帮一帮(agree，beg，help)4不定式作宾语补足语(1)常跟不定式作宾补的动词有advise，allow，ask，tell，teach，encourage，cause等。以tell为例，可构成“tell sb.to do sth.”这类结构。The t
43、eacher encouraged us to write a composition every week.老师鼓励我们每周写一篇作文。(2)感官动词和使役动词后面作宾补的不定式不带to，但变为被动语态，作主补的不定式需带to。常见的上述词有：一感觉：feel；二听：listen to，hear；三使：let，have，make；四看：see，watch，notice，observe等。另外，help后作宾补的不定式符号to可有可无。I saw him go upstairs just now.我刚才看见他上楼了。He was seen to go upstairs just now.有人看
44、见他刚才上楼了。下列结构中用不定式作主补，例如be said/reported/believed/considered to等。Our football team is reported to have won the match.据报道，我们的足球队赢得了这场比赛。5不定式作定语(1)不定式作定语时与所修饰的词之间存在动宾关系，如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词，一般要跟相应的介词。He has a lot of problems to deal with.他有许多问题要处理。(2)若名词前有序数词、最高级或no，all，only等修饰，后面一般用不定式作定语。用来修饰抽象名词时常用不定式作定语
45、，常见的有ability，chance，attempt，warning等。I dont trust his promise to come for a call.我不相信他来访的诺言。6不定式作状语不定式作状语主要有三种情况：(1)目的状语。in order to和so as to是不定式作目的状语的正式用法，其中so as to不可置于句首。In order to finish the work in time，we work late into the night every day.为了能及时完成任务，我们每天工作到深夜。(2)结果状语。通常有句型：too.to do sth.；.eno
46、ugh to do sth.；only to do sth.。I walked all the way from home to the library，only to find it closed.我从家一直步行到图书馆，结果发现它关门了。(3)原因状语。主要放在表示喜怒哀乐的情感的词汇之后。She seemed surprised to meet us.遇见我们，她看起来有点惊讶。7动词不定式的复合结构动词不定式的复合结构为“for/of名词/代词(宾格)动词不定式”，常用于“It is/was形容词for/ofsb.不定式”这一句型中。当句中的形容词修饰动词不定式时，用介词for；修饰s
47、b.时，用介词of。It is important for him to attend every day.他每天都要出席，这很重要。It is kind of you to help me with my English.你帮我学英语真是太好了。8疑问句动词不定式这一结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语等，常可转换成一个由该疑问词引导的从句。He told us what to do.(He told us what we should do.)他告诉我们该做些什么。.单句语法填空1 (make) it easier to get in touch with us，youd better keep
48、 this card at hand.2Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students (talk)over what is bothering them.3 (learn)more about Chinese culture，Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.4My uncle has come to Beijing (attend)an important meeting.5I have a lot of readings (com
49、plete)before the end of this term.6I was excited (meet)my friend at the top of the Mount Huang.7There were many talented actors out there just waiting (discover)8I feel greatly honoured (invite)to make a speech in your school.9If you are the last student (leave)the room，remember to turn off the ligh
50、ts.10With so many things (deal)with，I have to work late into the night.【答案】1.To make2.to talk3.To learn4.to attend5.to complete6.to meet7.to be discovered8.to be invited9.to leave10.to deal.单句改错1He made his little sister to do the housework. 2He went back home only find his house had been broken into. 3The new film directed by Zhang Yimou is interesting to be see. 4He is too young not to join the army. 5You can find any chair to sit. 【答案】1.去掉to2.only后加to3.去掉be 4去掉not5.sit后加on
