1、规范答题赴蟾宫 “七性”作文助折桂 2016年高考英语精准提分策略株洲市南方中学 刘正芳 关键词 规范答题 书面表达 提分策略 一.答题不规范举例 选择题填涂有误没有填满、填实，填涂过轻没有填成小方块，只在选中项涂一个很小的点或打一个“”填错后修改时没有擦干净有的未填或填涂错位把答案写在答题卡上（七选五）涂卡不准打 一.答题不规范举例 非选择题（主观题）答题有误没用规定的笔答题答题超过规定区域语法填空题与短文改错题不按题目要求答题注意大小写本可以得到9分！本可以多得8分！本可以得到6分！本可以多得5分！本可以得到7分！本可以多得6分！本可以多得3分！一.答题不规范举例 书写不规范 卷面不整洁书
2、写潦草 笔画太清改动不规范，辨别困难笔画太轻二.语法填空、短文改错 提分策略读得懂 句子意思 语篇意思 语篇逻辑 句子结构 时态语态 人物关系问题诊断针对性训练 看得出 出题意图 动词功能 修饰关系 词形词性 句子错误1.I live closely to the shops,its convenient for me to do some shopping.2.After the earthquake,the surrounding cities sent help to the area where had hit the hardest.I get on well with my des
3、kmate.He admire my fluent English and I usually feel encouraging by his positive comments.One day,while learning the word“overweight”in class,we areasked to make a sentence with it.I volunteered to do it by saying“my deskmate is overweight boy whose clothes never fit him.”Hearing of this,the whole c
4、lass burst into laughtersand my deskmates face turned red.He was very upset but wouldnt talk to me after class.My mindless words must have hurt him deep.It was not until then that he realized words could be powerful,both positively and negatively.However,we should avoid hurting others when we speak.
5、写得对 词形词性 动词形，名词数，代词格 时态语态形式 非谓语动词形式 形容词、副词 单词的数量 不改变意思 大小写格式问题诊断针对性训练写不对，真可惜！beginning,running,digging,permitting.Getting,cutting,shopping,swimming,hitting,letting,ridding,shutting,spitting,winning,putting,sitting,preferring,referring,拓展由trainning错误构词联想到stopping,planning,forbidding,fitting,chatting,
6、dropping,regretting,controlling,forgetting,equipping,begging,jogging,stepping,dipping拓展planned,preferred,referred,occurred,stopped,fitted,chatted,dropped,regretted,controlled,equipped,begged,jogged,stepped.双写辅音字母+ed拓展hothotterhottestwetwetterwettestfatfatterfattestthinthinnerthinnestredredderreddest
7、sadsaddersaddestbigbiggerbiggestslimslimmer-slimmer拓展拓展由They treat the animals in a friendly and peaceful way.学生把peaceful改成了peacefully联想到拓展以-ly结尾的形容词brotherly,costly,cowardly,deadly,daily,fatherly,friendly,lively,lonely,lovely,manly,monthly,motherly,silly,sisterly,ugly,unfriendly,unlikely,weekly,wom
8、anly,yearly拓展由According to critics,these photographs70 (courage)teens to spend too much time focusing on their looks联想到拓展以en为前缀构成动词enable,encourage,ensure,enlarge,enrich，endanger,entitle.再联想到以en为后缀构成动词strengthen,weaken,sharpen,lessen,ripen,widen,deepen,worsen,fasten,shorten三.书面表达提分策略 把握考标要求 了解评分原则 诊
9、断失分类型 针对问题训练考标写作要求 1.准确使用语法和词汇语言的准确性是写作中不可忽视的一个重要方面，因为它直接或问接地影响到信息的准确传输。应用语法结构和词汇的准确程度是写作部分评分标准中的一项重要内容。考标写作要求 2.使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思任何一篇文章都需要有一个主题，作者应该围绕该主题，借助一些句型、词组等的支持，清楚、连贯地表达自己的思想。写作的基本要求（四个词）切题 完整 连贯 准确写作的基本要求 切题：符合写作任务的交际目的和具体要求。内容围绕主题展开。写作的基本要求 完整覆盖每一个内容要点。无遗漏地完成交际任务。写作基本要求 连贯：将要点有条理的组织
10、起来。不是简单地把题目的要点按顺序连接起来，而要把各要点合乎逻辑地组织起来，并发挥想象力，适当增加细节。写作基本要求 准确：短文的切题和连贯是以语言表达的准确为基础的。顾及表达的多样性。使用几个较为复杂的句式：从句、非谓语动词、倒装、强调、介词短语等。适当使用较高级的词汇、词组和语篇连接成分。得体的运用礼貌用语和功能意念表达。评分原则（国家卷2015）1本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。2评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。3词数少于80和多于120的，从总分中减去2分。五档：21-25分四档：16-20分三档：11-15分二档
11、：6-10分一档：1-5分具体阅卷方法大致是这样的：先从整体看，根据语言和要点确定档次，书面表达的档次分为五档。4评分时应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。非常：veryreally,quite,pretty,extremely5拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。6如书写较差以至影响交际，将其分数降低一个档次。第五档（2125分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。覆盖所有内容要点。应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。有效地
12、使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。完全达到了预期的写作目的。评分维度失分追因 要点缺失不全面 语法使用不准确 英语表述不得体 行文逻辑不连贯 词汇句式不丰富 表达啰嗦不简洁 卷面马虎不整洁1.自造词：校园school garden(campus)办公楼（working building(office building)教学楼teach and learn building笔试与面试pen test and face test常见语言错误之词法错误2.误选词：Ill see you in(on)Monday morning.We are meeting in(on)May 18.My ne
13、w friend is coming on next Thursday.Shes lived here since(for)three years.I went climbing for three times for(during)the winter holiday.2.误选词：First(At first)it was easy,but then it became difficult.We spent two hours trying to find the restaurant.At the end,(In the end)we went home.At last(Finally)I
14、 will end my talk with some statistics.2.误选词：看报：look at a newspaper,变得更美丽：change more beautiful.参加篮球比赛：join the basketball match;参加英语俱乐部:join in the English club.John is a very usual name in Britain.We went on a journey round the city by bus.(We went on a bus tourround the city.)2.误选词：I work like(as
15、)a waitress on Friday.I have a good work(job).If you pay(pay for)the food,Ill buy the drinks.The price(cost)of living is very high in London.Well have to rise(raise)the price of the product.2.误选词：Ill have to make(have)an interview tomorrow.Im resting(staying)at my friends house all week.Im tired.I w
16、ant to go to my house(go home).We dont usually eat a breakfast(have breakfast.).When my mother went to work,my aunt cared about(look after)me.2.误选词：Ive never met your sister-how is she(what she is like)?I have good relations(a good relationship)with my classmates.It takes a few days to know(get to k
17、now)several students from other countries.My friend is two meters high.(tall)I have 16 years(am 16).2.误选词：That dress really matches(suits)you.This is the right sizeit suits(fits)me perfectly.I hope I can find a nice cloth to wear.(some nice clothes)2.误选词：I watched(saw)a car accident yesterday.He sai
18、d me(told me/said)that I was wrong.She explained me(explained to me)the problem.I often hear(listen to)jazz at home.2.误选词：Young children are often frightening(frightened).Two people were wounded(injured)in the traffic accident.Anna has been sick(ill)for three days.3.画蛇添足 serve for the people,return
19、back the book to the library.every day afternoon(每天下午)、that day morning(那天上午)、egg cake(蛋糕)、green color(绿色)、in my study room(在我的书房)、a reply letter(一封回信)、rose flower(玫瑰花)、dentist doctor(牙医)、a man actor(一个男演员)。3.画蛇添足 My new friend is coming on next Thursday.We followed him to go into the room.After eat
20、ing breakfast,Joe hurried to go toschool.Welcome to visit our school.Lets go to the cinema to see a film after school.You should try to improve your health better.4.句法错误 There are many reasons can explain why I would like to be a teacher.Yesterday I took part in the discussion is very interesting.We
21、 are necessary to change our way of life./possible/impossible If you are convenient tomorrow,I will visit you.4.句法错误 Youd better go to hospital to pull your bad teeth out.If you agree to attend our concert,and we are very happy.Only in this way,you can learn your English well.To win the football mat
22、ch needsyour guidance.My hometown has taken place a great change.5.谓语与非谓语错误 Great changes have been taken place in my country.These students should divide into three groups.I came here for learning(to learn)English.After switching(After I switched)the light on,the computer stopped working.5.谓语与非谓语错误
23、 Now my friend Ann,together with me,are(is)going to do field study.Playing football not only make(makes)us tall and strong but also give(gives)us a sense of fair play.On the second day of the Spring festival，I visit（visited)my teacher with my friends.5.谓语与非谓语错误 So real friendship should able to stan
24、d all sorts of tests.It is difficult for me to tell the two because they like each other.When we back,well write you soon.6.不得体的功能语言 Id appreciate it if you would write me an earlier reply.（朋友之间）Im looking forward to hearing from you soon.针对不得体性 提供各种功能项目的functional languages 或task languages.Making s
25、uggestions I advise you to I advise that you(should)My advise to you is that I suggest that you(should)Dont you think it would be a good idea to Why dont you?Its a good choice to Its better to.Shall I take you to?What about a trip to?邀请信常用句式：I would like to invite you to We would be very happy if yo
26、u could come I should be cheerful if you could come to I sincerely invite you to join us.I would like to take this opportunity to invite you to We would like to invite you to join our Soccer coach team as well as players.差异化指导 We went to bed at 12 pm.yesterday We did not go to bed until 12 pm.yester
27、day.Not until 12 pm.did we go to bed yesterday.It was not until 12 pm.that we went to bed yesterday.差异化指导 We are good friends.We should help each other.We are good friends and we should help each other.As we are good friends，we should help each other.Being good friends，we should help each other.差异化指
28、导 21-23分作文的学生可以考虑从英语的地道性这一方面入手，写出让人感觉是老外写出的文章，而这个前提我认为就是要多读多背一些原汁原味的英语文章。2425 高分作文通常是行文流畅，过度自然，句型多变的文章。这样的文章很有英语的味道，也就是说句子很地道，很老练，符合英语的习惯。而且，文中往往会有出彩的句子，比如强调句，倒装句，主从复合句；或者是运用到了一些非谓语结构。还有一点很重要的是书法美，字迹清楚干净。差异化指导 1620 四档分数的学生而言，其作文的主要特点就是中规中矩，虽然内容要点也完整，语法与词形也基本正确，但全都是简单句子的堆砌，没有任何的亮点。这些学生应该多从以上角度去考虑，在避免
29、时态等大错的前提下多用出彩的句子，句型多进行一些变化，多琢磨连接词运用上的合理性。差异化指导 1115分 主要问题就是大错比较多，在书面表达中，主谓不一致，动词形式（时态和语态）不对，词组搭配不当、句子结构错误、词序不当、关键词用错等都属于大错；小错主要是指非关键词的拼写，介词，冠词，标点等用错。连贯性不强。1115分 练基本功才是重中之重，平时多做一些句子翻译，注意主谓的一致性，动词的正确使用；确保在写作中句子句型表达正确，这样的话就可以把分数提高一个档次。1115分 一个句子里面用错了动词或是时态都会给学生的作文以致命的打击，给阅卷人员留下“基础差，基本功不扎实”的印象。句子千万不能想到就
30、写，要想想它的英文表达是不是和中文表达一致，时态是否使用正确了，主谓是不是一致了。如果避免了这些致命伤，学生的文章就会给阅卷人员良好的印象，分数也自然就上去了。用介词短语将下列句子合并成一句。(1)Waste water is making the river worse and worse.(2)The waste water is from a factory.(3)The factory lies on the river.合并：Waste water from the factory on the river is making the river worse and worse.10
31、分以下 对于低档分数段的作文，主要特点就是所写的内容没有被阅卷人员看懂，也就是信息未能传达或清晰地传达给读者；基本上没有完整的句子，只是一些单词和词组的堆砌；谓语动词用错或误用；而且中国式英语现象严重。10分以下如何上档次？练习写英语句子，是英语句子不是英语单词，也不是汉语式英语！如何写？take part inWhat?take part in the English contest.Who?I take part in the English contest.When?I took part in the English contest last week.How?I took an active part in the English contest last week.He often takes part in some voluntary jobs during summer vacations.面对全体 训练各种体裁的任务型写作 各种题型的范文要多背；各种句型要常练，常用的单词要熟记 学生在答主观题时尽量不要出现空白卷、不要抄袭试卷内容，因为即使抄的再好也只是零分。书写必须规范，写字必须端正，卷面要整洁，给阅卷人员以良好的第一印象。Thank you!