1、【由北京市丰台区2014高考模拟改编】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。What is so amazing about giving blood? The National Blood Service, which covers all of England and North Wales, needs nearly two and a half million blood donations each year. When you give blood, youll be doing one of the most amazing things anybod
2、y could dream of saving a life._All types of blood are needed not just rare ones. In fact, the commoner the blood type, the more are needed. So even if your blood is one of the most common types group O for example you can be sure that by donating three times a year, you really are doing something a
3、mazing. What is the donation process?The donation will last about an hour in all. When you arrive, you will be asked a few questions about your health. Then a drop of blood will be taken and tested just to make sure youre not anemic(贫血). If all is well, your donation will be taken. This only takes a
4、bout ten minutes, during which time 470ml of blood will be collected. Most people hardly feel a thing. After a short rest, a drink and biscuits, youll be up and ready to go. All equipment used in the collection of your blood is new and is never reused, so you dont have to worry about risks to your h
5、ealth in the collection of your blood.Who can become a blood donor?Becoming a blood donor really is very simple. As long as youre in good health and aged between 17 and 60, you can become a blood donor. If you would like more information or advice, or you want to become a blood donor, ring the donor
6、 helpline on 0845 7711. The donor helpline is open 24 hours a day every day of the year. 1. Which is the subtitle of Paragraph 2? A. Why should you donate blood? B. What types of blood are needed? C. What should you consider before donation? D. How many times a year can you donate blood?2. Before gi
7、ving blood, you will _.A. rest for a while B. wait for one dayC. fill in a form D. take a blood test3. What does the passage tell us about the donation process?A. It takes many hours.B. Its done on computer.C. It doesnt need equipment.D. It wont affect donors health.4. The purpose of the writing is
8、to _.A. introduce the National Blood Service B. show the importance of donationC. call on people to donate blood D. remind people of the danger【参考答案】1.B 2.D 3.D 4.C阅读理解。Blind imitation (模仿)is self-destruction. To those who do not recognize their unique worth. Imitation appears attractive: to those w
9、ho know their strength. Imitation is unacceptable.In the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook, I used recipes (菜谱) and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. Why follow someone elses way of cooking when I could create my own
10、? Imitating role models is like using training wheels on a childs bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.In daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously (下意识地) hold poor role models. If, as a child, you obser
11、ved people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those sta
12、rs look great on screen. But when they step off screen, their personal lives may be disastrous. If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think o
13、f the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation. The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them. Creativ
14、e people have an endless resource of ideas. The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.Syudy your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not server. Then you can say,” I stand o
15、n the shoulders of my ancestors” tragedies and tory, and know that they are cheering on.( ) 1.Imitation proves useful when you .A. know you are unique B. lose the balance of lifeC. begin to learn something new D. get tired of routine practice( ) 2. To avoid the bad result of imitation, we should_.A.
16、 forget daily fear and pain B. choose the right exampleC. ask others for decisions D. stay away from stars( ) 3.Acording to the author. The world moves on because of those who are .A. desperate to intruence others with their knowledge B. ready to turn their original ideas into realityC. eager to dis
17、cover what their ancestors didD. willing to accept others ideas( ) 4.The trouble a creator faces is .A. the lack of strong motivation B. the absence of practical ideas C. how to search for more materials D. how to use imagination creatively( ) 5. What is the authors purpose in writing this passage?A
18、. To highlight the importance of creatively.B. To criticize the characters of role models.C. To compare imitation with creation.D. To explain the meaning of success.【文章大意】议论文文章讨论了要创新，不要盲目模仿。1.C细节理解题。根据文章第二段In the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful.以及例子说明模仿在开始学习新东西是有
19、用的。2.B推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知人们选择不好的榜样时，就会使模仿的结果变坏。所以，要想避免模仿结果变坏，要选择好的榜样。3.B细节理解题。定位moves on与deeply相对应，。根据文章 of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation.与因为他们让你感动的是出于他们的创作灵感,而不是绝望。4.D细
20、节理解题。根据文章Creative people have an endless resource of ideas. The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with the material knocking at the door of imagination.可以得出答案。5.A主旨大意题。文章主要了要创新，不要盲目模仿。【科普知识型-阅读理解】Doctors sometimes prescribe light therapy to treat a form of depr
21、ession in people who get too little morning sun. But too much light at other time may actually cause such mood disorders. Longlasting exposure to light at night brings depression, a new study finds, at least in animals.The new data confirm observations from studies of people who work night shifts, s
22、ays Richard Stevens of the University of Connecticut Health Centre. Mood disorders join a growing list of problems, including cancer, obesity and diabetesthat can occur when light throws life out of balance by disturbing the biological clock and its timing of daily rhythms.In the new study, Tracy Be
23、drosian and Randy Nelson of Ohio State University exposed mice to normal light and dark cycles for four weeks. For the next four weeks, half of the mice remained on this schedule, and the rest received continuous dim light throughout their night. Compared with mice exposed to normal nighttime darkne
24、ss, those getting dim light at night lost their strong preference for sweet drinks，“a sign they no longer get pleasure out of activities they once enjoyed，” Bedrosian says.In a second test, mice were clocked on how long they actively tried to escape a pool of water. Those exposed to night lights sto
25、pped struggling and just floated in the water, a sign of “behavioural despair”，10 times as long as the mice that had experienced normal nighttime darkness. All symptoms of depression disappeared within two weeks of the mice returning to a normal lightdark cycle, the researchers report. The scientist
26、s also could quash the behavioural symptoms by injecting (注射)the brains of animals with a drug that prohibits the activity of certain molecules linked with human depression. This finding further suggests that light at night may cause something related to depression.Human studies linking nighttime li
27、ght and mood disorders are important but cant easily detect molecular underpinnings (分子结构)as animal studies can，says George Brainard of Thomas Jefferson University. The new work, he says, suggests that the change of the biological clock by light at night can be “an extremely powerful force in regula
28、ting biology and behaviour”1After being exposed to continuous nighttime light，the mice _Achanged their preferencesBescaped from the water more eagerlyCremained active as beforeDshowed less interest in their favourites2What does the underlined word “quash” in Para. 4 probably mean?AStudy.BPredict.CEa
29、se.DCause.3We can learn from the last paragraph that _Alight at night may have practical valueBthe biological clock is beneficial to humansChuman mood disorders cannot be healed easilyDhuman studies are more important than animal studies4What is the main idea of the passage?ANighttime light may fost
30、er depression.BA drug has been found to cure mood disorders.CThe study on animals can be applied to humans.DHuman biological clock can be controlled by light.(二)【要点综述】光照疗法可以治疗抑郁症，但是，新的研究表明长期暴露于夜晚的灯光也可带来抑郁症，这项研究至少在动物身上得到了验证。1D细节理解题。根据“Compared with mice exposed to normal nighttime darkness，those gett
31、ing dim light at night lost their strong preference for sweet drinks”可知，那些在夜晚持续接受暗淡灯光的老鼠失去了对于甜饮料的浓厚喜好，即没有那么喜欢甜饮料了，故选D项。2C词义猜测题。通过原文quash前面also可以断定，quash的意思等于前面一句话的意思，即症状消失了，故选ease“缓解，减轻”。3A推理判断题。根据最后一句可知，灯光可以影响生物钟，生物钟的改变可以影响行为，故选择A项。4A主旨大意题。根据文章首段“Doctors sometimes prescribe light therapy to treat a
32、 form of depression in people who get too little morning sun.But too much light at other time may actually cause such mood disorders.”可知，本文主要讨论nighttime light与mood disorder或depression的关系，故A项正确。1.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的
33、词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Once a man got on a bus for New York. He hid herself in the toilet，because he did not want to pay. But the passenger saw him. She tapped the person in front of her on the shoulder and say，“Theres a bum (流浪汉) in t
34、he toilet. Tell the bus driver.” The message was pass from person to person. But anywhere along the way，it told that there was a bomb in the toilet. He immediate stopped bus and telephoned the police. When the police came，they told the passengers to get off the bus or stay far away. Then they closed
35、 the highway，which resulted from a traffic jam. The police searched for several hour. Of course they found no bomb at all！【参考答案】1.第二句 herself 改为 himself第三句the改为a第四句say改为said第五句pass改为passed第六句anywhere改为somewhere第七句told前加was第八句immediate改为immediately第九句or改为and第十句from改为in第十一句hour改为hours2.短文改错以下标有题号的每一行均
36、有一个错误，请找出，并按下列情况改正：此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。Li Hua is a senior three student who devote himself to his 1. lessons every day. Last Saturday, as usual, he went to severalcourses.In the evening, he studies at home unti
37、l deep into 2. the night.He was too sleepy and tired that he couldnt work 3. effectively. In Sunday morning, Li Hua was about to study 4. when his father came up and advised him to have a break. Soon they had good idea. They bought a kite which they 5. liked it very much and then the family went to
38、the suburbs 6. where Li Hua enjoyed himself fly the kite. The family had a 7. picnic together but felt very relaxed in the open air. On 8. Monday, Li Hua was energetic and actively in class. He 9. said it was only why he had a better weekend. 10. 【参考答案】2.1. devote-devotes 2. studies-studied3. too sl
39、eepy-so sleepy 4. In Sunday- On Sunday5. had good- had a good 6. liked it-去掉it7. fly-flying 8. but-and9. actively-active 10. why-because3.短文改错短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用（）划掉。修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词的下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。M
40、y summer travel started terribly.I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to Hangzhou.I was going to visit a friend here and after that I would go to Xiamen for long holiday.I bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my bag from the floor and then I realized that someone had stolen it
41、.Luckily I had all my money on my pocket,but the only clothes I had was those I had on.It felt very strange to travel without any luggages.When I finally arrived at my friend ,he lent to me lots of clothes.I feel very happy that I could change my clothes at last.【参考答案】3.My summer travel started terr
42、ibly.I was at the Shanghai Railway Station buy a ticket to buyingHangzhou.I was going to visit a friend here and after that I would go to Xiamen for long there aholiday.I bought my ticket but turned around to pick up my bag from the floor and then I realized andthat someone had stolen it.Luckily I had all my money on my pocket,but the only clothes I had inwas those I had on.It felt very strange to travel without any luggages.When I finally arrived at my were luggagefriend ,he lent to me lots of clothes.I feel very happy that I could change my clothes at last.friends felt