1、十九Unit 5Period 3. 阅读理解Imagine a place where people and animals mingle comfortably, and where you and your family can enjoy farm animals at their bestin a clean, natural and relaxed atmosphere. Such a place is the Friendly Farm. Wander the grounds, have a picnic, and learn something new. Most of our
2、animals will be more than happy to eat right out of your hand. Youll find the Friendly Farm has something to offer to kidsof ALL ages! Our gift shop has been rebuilt after a fire we had in October of 2005. Fortunately, no animals were harmed. Come in and see the new items we have in store for you! A
3、ctivity RoomWe are in the process of building a childrens activity room. To be opened later this season, it will feature interactive activities between animals and children and also a chance for children to post their favorite artwork about animalsboth on the walls and online. Become a Junior Farmer
4、 and ReceiveFree T-Shirt! Its your ticket to admission here on the Friendly Farm. Free Admission. Once you become a Junior Farmer you can come as often as you like to visit us. Free Bag of Feed Every Time You Visit. In addition to the above items, youll receive a 10% discount off any purchases in ou
5、r gift shop. Price: You can order our special Discount Admission Card online. Receive 15 admissions for just $ 82. 50. TimeWere open daily from 10: 00 am to 5: 00 pm (weather permitting) from late May until Labor Day, then weekends through mid-September. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了参观Friendly Farm的相关信息。1. W
6、hat are children advised to do on the Friendly Farm? A. Organize a party with family. B. Clean the Friendly Farm. C. Buy food in the gift shop. D. Feed animals if they like. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文中第二段Most of our animals will be more than happy to eat right out of your hand. 可知孩子们可以给动物喂食。本题易误选A项。原因是对文中第二段W
7、ander the grounds, have a picnic, and learn something new. 的误解, 依据该句可知孩子可以与家人在the Friendly Farm进行野餐, 而不是举办家庭聚会。2. What is the special feature of Activity Room? A. Being open all the year. B. Giving out free food. C. Teaching kids to paint. D. Getting close to animals. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词special f
8、eature of Activity Room定位第四段。根据文中第四段it will feature interactive activities between animals and children可知, Activity Room的特色在于提供孩子与动物之间的互动活动, 故选D项。3. As a Junior Farmer, he/she _. A. can visit the farm for freeB. should order tickets onlineC. should be good at making artworkD. needs to buy a T-shirt
9、about animals【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词a Junior Farmer定位Become a Junior Farmer and Receive部分。根据文中Free Admission. Once you become a Junior Farmer you can come as often as you like to visit us. 可知, Junior Farmer具有免费进入的特权。干扰项排除: Junior Farmer可以随时进入, 无需购票, 故B项不正确; 文中第四段提到孩子可以把自己最喜欢的图片贴到墙上, 而不是要求Junior Farme
10、r必须擅长制作图片, 故排除C项; 作为Junior Farmer, 可以免费得到T恤衫, 故D项不正确。. 阅读填句(2021枣庄高二检测)Nowadays people tend to digitalise everything from watches to fridges. It seems you can choose any item labeled as “smart”. 1 However, there are plenty that can be used to reduce emissions and save money. If youre a part of the d
11、igitalisation movement, you might be interested in the concept of smart homes. It means that every element of your house can be controlled from a panel on the wall or your phone. 2 Use your mobile to power them on or off, and you may feel truly modern or truly lazy. Aside from the benefits of living
12、 a more comfortable life, this presents an opportunity to cut down on your electrical bills. Electricity generation today represents 31% of total global fossil fuel use and around 40% of all energy-related CO2 emissions. 3 It is considered as the first step to prevent global climate change. Connect
13、a smart thermometer to the heating and cooling system and set a specific temperature at which the heating begins to work. Doing so, the room will be at a desired temperature when necessary and switches on a power-saving mode when not occupied. Similarly, by installing a CO2 sensor, you can have an a
14、utomated ventilation (通风) system. 4In a 150, 000 m2 office complex near Munich, called Campeon, energy costs of up to 117, 067 Euro were saved after the use of environmental control devices this year. In this way, they are contributing to a large decrease in CO2 emissions. Clearly, smart homes are a
15、bout much more than just living a comfortable life. 5 A. It is actually about living a green life. B. Smart devices have been installed worldwide nowadays. C. It starts working only when CO2 concentrations reach a certain limit. D. There seem to be an ocean of such so-called “smart” inventions. E. B
16、earing this in mind, measures should be taken to make buildings more energy-efficient. F. Alternative energy must be discovered before the fossil fuel runs out in the future. G. This includes basics such as heating and lighting and many other appliances. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。如今, 虽然人们倾向于选择“智能”商品, 但是有很多方法可以
17、用来减少排放和节约资金。1. 【解析】选D。根据上文的“It seems you can choose any item labeled as smart”可知, D项“There seem to be an ocean of such so-called smart inventions. (这种所谓的智能发明似乎有很多)”可承接上文。其中“smart”为同词复现。2. 【解析】选G。根据上文提到的“这意味着你的房子的每一个元素都可以通过墙上的面板或手机来控制”可知, G项“这包括基本的供暖、照明和许多其他电器”可承接上文。该项中的This与上文中的every element相吻合。3. 【
18、解析】选E。下文提示“它被认为是预防全球气候变化的第一步。”承接下文, E项“考虑到这一点, 应该采取措施使建筑物更节能”符合语境。该项中的measures should be taken与下文的the first step相吻合。4. 【解析】选C。上文提到“同样, 通过安装二氧化碳传感器, 你可以拥有一个自动通风系统”。 C项“只有当二氧化碳浓度达到一定限度时, 它才开始工作”可承接上文。其中CO2为同词复现。5. 【解析】选A。根据上文提到的“显然, 智能家居不仅仅是关于舒适生活的”可知, A项“实际上它是关于绿色生活的”可承接上文。. 完形填空Farms are the biggest
19、 users of freshwater resources. The Food and Agriculture Organization says agriculture uses seventy percent of all surface water supplies. That is the world 1. Without the right measures, agriculture can be a major cause of water pollution. But solutions do not have to 2 much. There are simple metho
20、ds for farms of any size to reduce or 3 pollution of water supplies. We are going to talk about a few of them. The first 4 fertilizers and poisons. One way such chemicals can enter the environment is when they are not stored correctly. Stored chemicals can slowly 5 the soil and get into groundwater.
21、 To help avoid such problems, chemicals should be kept in structures with a floor made of cement (水泥). Farm animals can also pollute water supplies. Animals like cattle, pigs, sheep and goats are often left to 6 on grass in open fields by streams or rivers. Large animals loosen dirt and rocks as the
22、y walk along waterways to drink. Animal 7 also enters water supplies. Experts say it is important to keep large farm animals away from water supplies with the use of a fence or 8. Instead of leading animals to water, bring the water to them. Farmers can send water through pipes to watering areas for
23、 their animals with pumps 9 by electricity or fuel. Human-powered treadle pumps are another solution. Trees, bushes and smaller plants can act as 10 barriers along streams and rivers. Bushes provide excellent ground cover 11 grown near waterways. Animals 12 bushes with sharp thorns (尖刺). Tree roots
24、provide natural support for soil. Trees planted near waterways help stop soil loss from heavy rains. They 13 help keep the sun from drying out soil. They hold soil in place during rains and 14 the water flow. These methods will not solve all water quality problems, 15 they are good first steps. 【语篇概
25、述】本文为说明文。全文讲述了如何降低农业生产对水资源的污染。1. A. level B. storageC. average D. problem【解析】选C。由上文中的“uses seventy percent of all surface water supplies”可知, 这里指农业使用的水源达到地表水源的70%, 这是一个世界平均值。2. A. reduceB. takeC. matterD. cost【解析】选D。根据下文中的“There are simple methods”可知, 这里指解决农业引起水污染的问题不必花费很多。3. A. considerB. createC. p
26、reventD. rescue【解析】选C。由空前的or “或者”可知, 所选词应与空前的“reduce”表达相近词义, 应选C项, 即防止水污染。4. A. deals withB. takes overC. pays forD. adapts to【解析】选A。结合下文可知, 第一个方法与肥料和毒药有关。deal with “涉及; 关于”。5. A. go upB. stretch inC. make forD. leak into【解析】选D。贮存的化学制品会慢慢渗入土壤并进入地下水。leak into “渗入”, 符合语境。6. A. feedB. goC. endangerD. k
27、eep【解析】选A。这里用动词feed表示“进食”, 牛、猪、羊等动物在沿着溪水和河流的开阔的草地上觅食。7. A. fatB. wasteC. foodD. medicine【解析】选B。动物的粪便也会进入水源。根据语境和常识可知选B。8. A. anythingB. nothingC. somethingD. everything【解析】选C。or something “诸如此类的东西”。9. A. attractedB. usedC. madeD. powered【解析】选D。power此处为动词, 意为“驱动; 推动”, 这里指用电力或燃料驱动泵运转。10. A. well-equip
28、pedB. responsibleC. strongD. natural【解析】选D。这里指这些植物是沿着溪水和河流的天然屏障, A、B、C三项与语境不符。11. A. whenB. unlessC. in caseD. until【解析】选A。此处为when引导的时间状语从句的省略, 当灌木丛被种植在水路附近的时候, 它们就提供了很好的地面植被。12. A. chooseB. protectC. enjoyD. avoid【解析】选D。根据语境可知, 此处为动物避开有尖刺的灌木丛。故选D。13. A. easilyB. hardlyC. alsoD. either【解析】选C。这里是说种植在
29、水路附近的树木的另一个作用, 选also表示“也”。14. A. destroyB. easeC. speed upD. stop【解析】选B。这些树在下雨期间防止土壤流失, 使水流变缓。ease “减轻; 缓解”, 符合语境。15. A. thoughB. butC. soD. therefore【解析】选B。语境表示转折关系, 这些办法不会解决所有的水质问题, 但是这些办法是很好的第一步。. 语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Once there lived a rich man, 1. wanted to do something for the
30、people of his town. But first he wanted to find out whether they deserved 2. (he) help. In the center of the main road into the town, he placed 3. very large stone. Then he 4. (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow. “Who put this stone in the center of the road? ” s
31、aid the old man. But he did not try 5. (remove) the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. Another man came along and did the same thing; then another came, and another. All of them complained about the stone but none tried to remove it. Late in the
32、 afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 6. (say) to himself, “The night will be very dark. Some neighbors will come along 7. (late) in the dark and will fall against the stone. ” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 8. (strong) to move it. 9. (surprise), he
33、 found a bag of money 10. the stone. 【语篇概述】一位富人想要为自己乡镇的人做点儿事情, 但他想先知道他们值不值得帮助。所以, 他在路中央放了一块巨石。1. 【解析】who。所填词引导非限制性定语从句, 并在从句中作主语, 先行词指人, 故用who。2. 【解析】his。所填词作定语, 修饰名词help, 应用形容词性物主代词。3. 【解析】a。泛指“一块大石头”, 故用不定冠词, 又因very的发音以辅音音素开头, 故用a。4. 【解析】hid。and连接并列谓语, 由waited可知, 事情发生在过去, 故用一般过去时。5. 【解析】to remove。
34、此处表示“他并没有试图搬走那块石头”, try to do sth. “试图做某事”, 符合句意。try doing sth. “尝试做某事”。6. 【解析】saying。he和say是主动关系, 故用现在分词作状语。7. 【解析】later。此处表示“稍后”, 应用later。8. 【解析】strength。所填词作宾语, 前面有his修饰, 应用名词形式。9. 【解析】Surprised。此处表示“(他)感到很吃惊”, 应用surprised。形容词在此作状语。10. 【解析】under。此处表示“在石头下面”, 故用under。 完形填空Its complete darkness, th
35、rough day and night, where I am. In the silence of the cool earth, Im 1. My eyes shoot forth stems into the dirt around me. Above ground, my green leaves grow in the sunlight, producing sugars, which will be 2 to nodes along those stems. The nodes then grow new potatoes in the making, each one a per
36、fect 3 of me. But cloning myself in the dark isnt the only way I reproduce. I am the potato. Dont let our shared name4 you: I am no relation to the sweet potato. Shes correctly described as a root vegetable; 5, my edible part is the stem. Thousands of years ago, I was 6 edible, at times even poisono
37、us. In the hands of generations of farmers, Ive been at safe-to-eat levels. Today, Ive 7 life on continents outside my home soil in the Americas. I can live at a height of 12, 000 feet in the dry, cold mountains and at sea level in the tropics. My appearance is as 8 as the places I live. I can be wh
38、ite, yellow, red, purple, pink, or blue. Around the world, I can be made into many 9 of food, from potato salads to potato chips. Yet I didnt become the fifth most-abundant 10 across the globe in 2016. I am a true staple, highly storable, surprisingly nutritious. 11 relied on me through hard times,
39、sometimes too12. A disease attacked me in the mid-1800s in Western Europe and nearly made Ireland collapse 13, where about one million people died. More recently, Ive been recognised by NASA as a food made for 14 on missions. Today, scientists on Earth are developing varieties of me to 15 peoples ne
40、eds. Dare I say, thats progress in the silent darkness. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。以第一人称的口吻叙述了马铃薯的繁殖和发展过程等相关事项。1. A. sleepingB. reproducing C. exchanging D. changing【解析】选B。根据下文的“the only way I reproduce”可知, 此处表示“在凉爽大地的寂静中, 我在繁殖”。sleep睡觉; reproduce繁殖; exchange交换; change改变。根据语境应选B项。2. A. suppliedB. liftedC. limit
41、edD. shipped【解析】选A。根据上文的“producing sugars”以及下文的“along those stems”可知, 此处指的是顺着那些茎提供给节点糖分。supply意为“供给”, 符合语境, 故选A项。误解分析: 该题易误选D项, ship意为“运送”, 指用船或其他的交通工具运输, 而此处没有交通工具, 故该选项不正确。3. A. pairB. cloneC. sisterD. friend【解析】选B。根据下文的“But cloning myself”可知, 此处指的是“新的马铃薯正在形成, 每一个都是我的完美克隆体。”clone意为“克隆”, 符合语境。故选B项。
42、4. A. surpriseB. frightenC. improveD. fool【解析】选D。根据下文的“I am no relation to the sweet potato. ”(我与红薯没有关系)可知, 此处表示“别让我们的同名欺骗了你”。surprise使惊讶; frighten使害怕; improve提高, 改善; fool欺骗。根据语境应选D项。5. A. insteadB. thereforeC. howeverD. otherwise【解析】选 C。根据上文的“a root vegetable”和下文的“my edible part is the stem”可知, 前后内
43、容为转折关系。however意为“可是, 然而”, 符合语境, 故选C项。误解分析: 该题易误选A项。instead虽然也表示转折, 但更侧重于“取而代之”, 意为“相反地”, 所以不适合用于此处。6. A. mainlyB. justC. simplyD. hardly【解析】选D。根据下文的“at times even poisonous”可知, 数千年前, 马铃薯几乎是不可食用的, 有时甚至有毒。hardly意为“几乎不”, 符合语境, 故选D项。7. A. cared forB. agreed withC. adapted toD. depended on【解析】选C。根据下文可知,
44、此处表示“如今, 我适应了美洲本土以外的大陆的生活。我可以生长在12 000英尺高的干燥、寒冷的山区以及刚到海平面的热带地区”。adapt to意为“适应”, 符合语境, 故选C项。干扰项排除: care for意为“照料”; agree with意为“同意”; depend on意为“依靠; 依赖”。8. A. importantB. colorfulC. commonD. various【解析】选D。根据上文可知, 马铃薯的种植地区是多种多样的。various意为“各种各样的”, 符合语境, 故选D项。干扰项排除: important意为“重要的”, 上文没有体现出马铃薯的生长地重要, 所
45、以排除; colorful意为“丰富多彩的”, 虽与下文“I can be white, yellow, red, purple, pink, or blue. ”的信息相关联, 但与马铃薯的种植情况不符, 所以排除; common意为“常见的; 共同的”, 与语境不符。9. A. figuresB. formsC. tastesD. colors【解析】选B。根据下文的“from potato salads to potato chips”可推知, 土豆沙拉和薯片属于不同形式的食物。figure身材, 人物, 数字; form形式; taste味道; color颜色。根据语境应选B项。10.
46、 A. productB. grainC. foodD. crop【解析】选D。根据上文的“most-abundant”可知, 此处表示“在2016年马铃薯没有成为全球第五大高产作物。crop意为“作物”, 符合语境, 故选D项。干扰项排除: product意为“产品”, 一般指工业产品, 而马铃薯是农产品, 故排除; grain意为“谷物, 粮食”, 马铃薯不属于谷物, 故排除; food意为“食物”, 不能说“高产的食物”, 故排除。11. A. EuropeansB. AmericansC. AsiansD. Africans【解析】选A。根据下文的“A disease attacked
47、 me in the mid-1800s in Western Europe”可知, 此处指的应是“欧洲人依赖我渡过了困难的时期”。European意为“欧洲人”, 符合语境, 故选A项。12. A. nearlyB. partlyC. heavilyD. slightly【解析】选C。根据下文的“A disease attacked me in the mid-1800s in Western Europe and nearly made Ireland collapse. . . ”可知, 马铃薯染病差点让爱尔兰垮掉。故可推知, 欧洲人有时过于依赖马铃薯。heavily意为“在很大程度上;
48、 大量地”, 符合语境, 故选C项。nearly几乎; partly部分地; slightly轻微地。这三个选项与语境内容不符, 故排除。13. A. suddenlyB. hardlyC. normallyD. completely【解析】选D。根据下文的“where about one million people died”可推知, 当时爱尔兰约有一百万人死亡, 几乎让爱尔兰完全地垮掉。suddenly突然地; hardly几乎不; normally正常地; completely完全地。根据语境应选D项。14. A. engineersB. pilotsC. astronautsD. tourists【解析】选C。根据“NASA”可知, 美国国家航空和航天局认可马铃薯成为执行任务的宇航员的食物。engineer工程师; pilot飞行员; astronaut宇航员; tourist游客。根据语境应选C项。15. A. encourageB. meetC. ignoreD. inspire【解析】选B。根据上文的“scientists on Earth are developing varieties of me”可知, 地球上的科学家正在开发马铃薯的品种以满足人们的需求。encourage鼓励; meet满足; ignore忽视; inspire激励。根据语境应选B项。
