1、.单词拼写1Confucius is one of the greatest philosophers (哲学家) in ancient China. 2Id just like to stress (强调) the importance of neatness and politeness in this job.3She is the partys main economic adviser (顾问)4She had worked for the firm for twenty years and was in a position (职位) of trust.5He resigned (
2、辞职) from the company in order to take a more challenging job.拓展词汇1equaladj.平等的equalityn平等；相等2importancen重要；重要性importantadj.重要的3teachingn(常作复数)教导；学说teachvt.讲授；教授teachern教师4influentialadj.有影响的influencen影响 vt.影响；感染5kindnessn仁慈；善良kindadj.善良的巧记单词派生词equalityequal (adj.)ityn.importanceimportant (adj.)变t为ce
3、n.influentialinfluence (n.)变ce为tialadj.kindnesskind (adj.)ness构成名词.补全短语1be similar to与相似2be at war with 与交战3bring up养育，抚养；提出4follow ones advice 采纳某人的建议5become famous for因而出名6in some ways在某些方面7as a result 结果；因此8believe in相信；信奉1教材原句Treat others in the way you want to be treated.己所不欲，勿施于人。句型点拨the way后跟
4、that/in which引导的定语从句，that/in which可以省略。佳句赏析我们不仅仅是外表相像，而且我们的笑容和走路方式都非常相像。We are similar not only in appearance but also in the way that we smile and walk. 2教材原句For many years he travelled from state to state, teaching the principles of Confucius.多年来他一直周游列国，宣传孔子的学说。句型点拨现在分词短语作伴随状语。佳句赏析昨晚，Mike给我打了个电话，对
5、缺席我的婚礼表示歉意。Last night, Mike made a call to me, saying sorry for his absence from my wedding ceremony.3教材原句Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.孟子认为，人之所以不同于动物，是因为人性本善。句型点拨The reason why . is that .“的原因是”。佳句赏析政府决定推迟建新机场计划的原因就是：该计划遭受到当地农民的反对。The reason
6、why the government decided to put off the plans to build a new airport was that the plan met with opposition from local farmers.1All human beings are equal. (P41)平等。equal adj.相等的；平等的v等于；比得上n同等的人，相等物Women are demanding equal pay for equal work.妇女要求同工同酬。be equal in在方面比得上equal sb./sth. in . 在方面比得上be eq
7、ual to sth./doing sth. 等于；与相等；胜任on equal terms 在对等的条件下without equal/have no equal 无与伦比equality n平等equally adv. 相等地，平等地He is equaled by no one in strength.谁也赶不上他力气大。He is equal to the task.他胜任这项任务。Though she is young, she has no equal in music.尽管她很年轻，在音乐方面没有人能比得上她。2Ancient China was a place where sta
8、tes were often at war with each other. (P43)古代中国各诸侯国之间经常发生战争。be at war with与交战Libyan government troops are at war with opposition forces.利比亚政府军和反对派武装分子正处于交战状态。declare war on .对宣战“be at 不带冠词的名词”可表示“从事某工作”或“处于某种状态”at work 在工作at school 在上学at home 在家at lunch 在吃午饭at peace 处于和平状态at rest 在休息Britain declare
9、d war on Germany in 1914.英国在1914年向德国宣战。When I return home, they are at work当我回家时，他们都还在上班。Shes never at peace with herself.她总是静不下来。3But it was also a time when there were many great philosophers. (P43)但那也是一个产生众多哲学家的时期。It is/was a time when .“那是一个的时期，”when引导定语从句。time句型总结：(1)It is time for sb. to do .到
10、了某人做的时候了。(2)It is time that .(that从句动词用should do或一般过去时) 到了时候了。(3)It/This/That is the first/second ./last time that sb. have/has done .这是某人第几次做。(4)It/This/That was the first/second ./ last time that sb. had done .这是某人第几次做。There was a time when I would have responded, but nothing good ever seemed to c
11、ome of that.曾有一段时间我有求必应，但是没发现啥好处。It is time for us to go to school.到了我们上学的时候了。It is time that we made (make) a decision.是我们作出决定的时候了。It is the second time that he has been to (be) China.这是他第二次去中国。4He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society. (P43)他强调仁爱、责任和秩序在社会中的重要性。stress vt.强调
12、；施压于；使紧张n.强调；压力；重音Her stress grew with the job interview drawing nearer and nearer.随着面试的靠近，她的压力也在增加。under stress在压力之下under the stress of 在压力下lay/place/put stress on 强调stress the importance of 强调的重要性Janes been under stress since her mothers illness.自从母亲病后，Jane一直忧心忡忡。He stressed the importance of a go
13、od education.他强调了接受良好教育的重要性。The heavy tractors put stress on the stone bridge.沉重的拖拉机给石桥以很大压力。order n秩序；顺序；命令；订单v.订购；点菜Policemen keep order in the streets.警察在街上维持秩序。in order有序地；整齐地out of order 发生故障；次序颠倒in order of 按顺序place an order for sth. with sb. 向某人订购某物 order sb. to do . 命令某人做order that . 命令从句谓语动
14、词用“(should)do”My computer is out of order我的电脑有问题。He placed an order for a car with a car factory for his son.他向一家汽车制造厂为儿子订购了一辆汽车。The captain ordered that we (should) set off at once.队长命令我们立刻出发。5His father died when he was young, and he was brought up by his mother. (P43)他早年丧父，由其母亲抚养成人。bring up教育，抚养(
15、孩子)；提出(议题等)；呕吐He was born in the country but was brought up in the city.他在乡下出生，在城市里长大。bring out使显现；说明；出版bring about 引起，导致bring down 降低；减少bring in 吸引；引进；赚得bring . to an end 使结束，停止bring back 使想起Science has brought about many changes in our lives.科学为我们的生活带来很多变化。As is known to all, Japanese brought in a
16、 lot of words from Chinese.众所周知，日语从汉语引进了许多单词。The company is bringing out a new sports car.公司正在生产一种新跑车。6He became a student of Confuciuss ideas, and was then given an important position in the government of a state.(P43)他成为儒家弟子，并在一个国家政府谋得很重要的职位。position n姿势；位置；方位；职位；地位First, get yourself into a comfo
17、rtable position.首先，找个让自己感到舒适的姿势。in position在适当的位置；就位out of position 不在适当的位置the position on . 对的看法have/get a position 谋得一处职位Leave the bandage in position until the doctor tells you to remove it.让绷带保持原样，直到医生叫你拆掉为止。The chairs are all out of position椅子全都放得不是地方。No one was sure of his position on any issu
18、e.对任何一个问题，大家都无法确定他的立场。7However, when he saw that the ruler was not following his advice, he resigned. (P43)然而，当他看到统治者不采纳他的建议时，他便辞去了官职。resign v辞职；放弃(权利)Bob is not working in our school yet. He is said to have resigned.鲍勃已不在我们学校工作了，据说他已经辞职了。resign from .辞去职务resign as . 辞去当的职务resign office 辞职resign one
19、self to sth./doing sth. 听任；顺从resignation n. 辞呈Mr. Smith eventually resigned his position as Chief executive.史密斯先生最终辞去了执行总裁的职位。Mr. Smith resigned from the union last year.去年，史密斯先生辞去了工会的职务。You must resign yourselves to waiting (wait) a bit longer.你们得耐心地多等一会。8Mencius believed that the reason why man is
20、 different from animals is that man is good. (P43)孟子认为人之所以不同于动物是因为人性本善。the reason why . is that .为固定句型，意思是“的理由/原因是”，其中that不可换为because。(1)This/That is because .这/那是因为，because在此句式中引导表语从句。(2)This is why .这是的原因。The reason why he broke down was that he worked too hard recently.他身体垮掉的原因是他近来工作太累了。This is w
21、hy he didnt attend the conference.这就是他没有出席那次会议的原因。名师点津reason定语从句的引导词如果在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语时要用which或that；若在从句中作状语，则用why引导定语从句。I dont believe the reason which/that he has given us for his being late.我不相信他给我们的迟到的原因。That wasnt the reason why he lied to you.那不是他对你撒谎的原因。.单句语法填空1The reason that/which youve gi
22、ven sounds reasonable.2This is the first time that I have heard (hear) him sing.3The reason that he was ill that day was actually made up by himself. In fact, the reason why he was absent was that he went to see a film.4A great deal of science and technique has been brought in since China carried ou
23、t its reform and open policy.5It is high time that we took/should take (take) immediate action to solve the problem.6I was in Germany when war was declared (declare)7His father will hand in his resignation (resign)8There was a time when we enjoyed ourselves on the beach.9It was surprising that she r
24、esigned her position asa secretary.10The team refused to resign themselves (they) to defeat.11He was feeling very stressed (stress) and tired.12The English teacher stressed the importance (important) of reading.13Why did you choose Jennifer as captain of the team?No one was equal to her in skills an
25、d experience.14His selfconfidence has a great influence on me.15Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to those of Confucius.完成句子1比赛被推迟的原因是天正在下大雨。The reason why the match was put off was that it was raining hard.2这是他第二次帮她了。It was the second time that he had gone to her help. 3我是为了整个
26、家庭，为了孩子们能在一个安全的、充满爱的环境中成长。Im all for families, and for children being brought up in secure, loving environment.4其中一本书没摆好，请把它放回去。One of the books is out of position, please put it back.5他们相互交战多久了？How long have they been at war with each other?.一句多译1他们能力相当。They are equal in ability. They are of equal
27、ability. 2她辞去了委员会的职务。She resigned from the committee. She resigned as a member of the committee. .课文缩写语法填空There were many great philosophers in ancient China.Confucius, 1.who was born in 551 BC and died in 479 BC, was the 2.greatest (great) philosopher. He stressed the 3.importance (important) of ki
28、ndness, duty and order in society. His ideas affected Chinese society for over 2，000 years.Mencius, born in 372 BC, was a student of Confuciuss ideas. So, his 4.teachings (teach) were similar to 5.those of Confucius. He believed man was born good and 6.that people were more important than rulers. He
29、 wrote a book in his last years 7.named (name) TheBookofMencius.Mozi, who was born in 476 BC and died in 390 BC，was also an 8.influential (influence) philosopher. In some ways, his ideas were similar to those of Confucius. For example, he 9.thought (think) government was the most important thing. Mo
30、zi believed all men were equal.Differing 10.from Confucius, he stressed the importance of kindness. Mozi founded Mohism. 对应学生课下能力提升(十八).根据提示写出单词的正确形式1When he applied for a position (职位) in the office of the local newspaper, he was told to see the manager.2The manager refused to comment on the news t
31、hat he had planned to resign (辞职)3Please take this seriously. Its a matter of principle (原则)4China has been stressing the importance (重要性) of its ties with third world countries.5He is one of the advisers (顾问) to the President.6Happiness is what you feel when youre not feeling stressed (stress)7Wome
32、n want equality (equal) of opportunity with men.8Hes one of the countrys most brilliant political thinkers (think)9She wanted to work for a bigger and more influential (influence) newspaper.10She was known to all for her kindness (kind).选词填空in position, in some ways, be equal to, under stress, be at
33、 war, bring up1I want to bring up again the first point.2At that time，China was at war with Japan，so travelling was extremely difficult.3Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress4I dont think he is equal to this kind of work, so I cant hire him.5To tell you the truth，I quite like Jays
34、new album in some ways6All parking signs have now been placed in position.完成句子1他不能来的原因是因为他母亲不允许。The reason why he wont come is that his mother doesnt allow him to.2这是一个在美国仍处在奴隶制度的时代。It was a time when there were still slaves in the USA.3你为什么非要提钱这个话题？Why did you have to bring up the subject of money?
35、4史密斯先生，我应该告诉你这已是你第5次把我误认为我的孪生妹妹了。Mr. Smith, I should tell you this is the fifth time you have mistaken me for my twin sister.5法官命令将犯人判处死刑。The judge ordered that the prisoner should be sentenced to death. .阅读理解AIts not often a tomato is described as so sweet “whenever people see it they just want to
36、hug it” but this was no ordinary piece of fruit. The heartshaped tomato was grown by the retired worker, Rod Matless, who said he was surprised when he noticed it in his field. Mr. Matless, 69, who had a heart attack a few years ago, was so taken aback by the fruit that he decided to sell it and don
37、ate(捐赠) the money to the British Heart Foundation. The 64g tomato was bought for 16 on eBay by a woman from Wales who said she planned to give it to someone special.Mr. Matless, of Wymondham, near Norwich, said: “I spent a couple of days thinking about what to do with it and I wasnt really sure, but
38、 this seems like a good use. I hope it will do someone somewhere a bit of good”. He added: “Its very sweet whenever people see it they just want to hug it.” But with the tomatos freshness a key factor (因素), Mr. Matless was up against the clock to send it to its new owner before it went bad. He said:
39、 “I didnt want to send someone something horrible (特别糟糕的). I probably could have raised a bit more money with more time but I was worried about it.”“It will certainly make a nice present for a loved one. I hope that they like it and Im glad I got to help. Its all been very good fun and Ive really en
40、joyed growing this very special tomato.”语篇解读：本文属于新闻类短文，主要介绍了69岁的退休工人 Mr Matless 种出了一颗形状很奇怪的西红柿：心形西红柿，并介绍了与之有关的信息。1We can learn from the text that the tomato grown by Rod Matless Ais very bigBis very sweetCis very special Dis good for health解析：选C推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句“The heartshaped tomato was grown .”可知这
41、个西红柿长成了心形，显得很特别。故C正确。2The underlined part “taken aback by” in Paragraph 2 means “”Ahappy about Bnervous aboutCsurprised by Dfrightened by解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“The heartshaped tomato . who said he was surprised when he noticed it in his field.”可知当Rod Matless 注意到地里的这个奇怪的西红柿的时候，他也很惊讶。因为他从来没有见过这样的一个西红柿。所以
42、本句中的“taken aback by”应该也是指“惊讶”的意思。故C正确。3According to the text, the main problem for Rod Matless was how to Aadvertise the tomatoBkeep the tomato freshCget a good price for the tomatoDfind a good owner for the tomato解析：选B细节理解题。根据文章第三段第三句“But with the tomatos freshness a key factor (因素), Mr Matless was
43、 up against the clock to send it to its new owner before it went bad.”可知他一定要在这个西红柿变质之前把它送给新的主人。也就是说如何保持这个西红柿的新鲜是他遇见一个主要的困难。故B正确。4What is the main purpose of the text?ATo advise people to eat tomatoes.BTo introduce a heartshaped tomato.CTo encourage people to buy Rod Matlesss tomato.DTo describe a ki
44、ndhearted person Rod Matless.解析：选B写作意图题。本文属于新闻类短文，主要介绍了69岁的退休工人Mr Matless 种出了一颗形状很奇怪的西红柿：心形西红柿，并介绍了与之有关的信息。故B正确。BSong Qingling was born in Shanghai on the 27th of January in 1893 into a welleducated family. In 1907, Qingling traveled to the United States for her education; she and her three sisters
45、became the first Chinese girls to be educated in the US.In 1915, she married Dr. Sun Yatsen (孙中山). At the age of eighteen, Qingling began to fight for the rights of women in her country and expressed her ideas of liberty and equality. For the next seven decades, Song Qingling became an active charac
46、ter and came to be known as “the Mother of China”In her lifetime，she always paid close attention to womens and childrens welfare. She supervised(监督) studies on woman and child healthcare, and childrens education. She was awarded the 1950 International Stalin Peace Prize，and she donated all the money
47、 to programs promoting the welfare of women and children.Song Qingling always showed concern for Suns followers，overseas Chinese，and the future of Taiwan. She hoped that China could be reunified at an early date.In the long years of struggle in the Chinese revolution，Song firmly stood by the side of
48、 the Chinese Communist Party, whose leaders, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, and Zhu De, considered her their close comradeinarms.On May 29, 1981 Song Qingling died of illness in Beijing. Song Qingling was a great fighter for patriotism (爱国主义)，internationalism and communism. The great contributi
49、ons she made to China and the Chinese people will not be forgotten.语篇解读：本文介绍了宋庆龄的生平。5. Whats the best title for this passage?ASong Qingling and her sistersBSong Qingling and Sun YatsenCWomen are also greatDA brief introduction to Song Qingling解析：选D标题归纳题。本文主要对宋庆龄的生平作了简要介绍。6What is the right order of
50、the events about Song Qingling according to the passage?atraveled to the United States for her educationbmarried Sun Yatsencbegan to fight for the rights of womendwas awarded the International Stalin Peace PrizeAa，b，c，d Ba，d，b，cCb，a，c，d Da，c，b，d解析：选D细节理解题。综合文章第一、二段可知，D项正确。7What did Song Qingling pay
51、 attention to in her lifetime?AWomens rights.BChildrens education.CWomens and childrens welfare.DAll of the above.解析：选D细节理解题。文章第一段提到宋庆龄为女权而斗争，文章第二段提到她关注妇女儿童福利事业以及儿童教育等，故选D项。8According to the passage, Song Qingling Awas born into a poor familyBwas one of the first Chinese girls to be educated in the
52、UKCdonated all her prize money for the welfare of women and children in 1949Ddied at the age of 88解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句及最后一段第一句可知，宋庆龄去世时88岁，故D项正确。.任务型阅读In recent years, research on the human brain has been attracting more and more scientists. 1. If we compare a human brain to a hard disc (硬盘), what th
53、e scientists are doing is to make better use of the hard disc. Experiments have started on animals. In 1999, a transplant (移植) experiment was done at the Defense and Military Physiology Research Institute in the US. and turned a bear into a dolphin (海豚). 2. They were made of the memory area in the d
54、olphins brain containing information about swimming. They obtained a series of useful information, which was saved into a buttonsized chip (芯片). Later the information was transplanted into the action memory area in the bears brain. 3. It proved to be a highly successful experiment and a bear was tur
55、ned into a dolphin. Not long ago, another memory transplant was performed at the Mot or Nerve Research Institute of the University of California. The experiment had an entire transplant of the memory area. 4. The transplant was performed from a dog named “Genius” to a dog named “Idiot”. “Genius” cou
56、ld understand and follow up to 100 gestures and orders made by its master. It was a real genius in memorizing. However, “Idiot” had no contact with people at all since its birth. It became an animal with nothing in its brain, without any memory.5 When the two dogs woke up, “Idiot” had grasped all th
57、e abilities “Genius” had; it was good at memorizing and sensible. It could follow every gesture and any command given by its master. But “Genius” gave no response to its master, and in fact did not recognize him at all.AThe experiment was a complete success. BThen it was released (释放) by means of el
58、ectric power. COne of the latest research topics is how to change the human brain or combine it with the computer.DDifferent images have different meanings in the memory area. EIt included actions, moods, logic, words, images, etc. FDiscoveries show that messages are carried by the central nervous s
59、ystem in the brain. GUsing the most advanced technology, detailed images were produced.语篇解读：本文讲述了科学家对人脑的研究，主要讲述了对人脑移植的研究和在动物身上的实验。1解析：选C根据“If we compare a human brain to a hard disc (硬盘)”，如果我们把人脑比作硬盘，C选项“最新的一个研究是如何改变人脑或者把人脑和电脑连在一起”，符合，故选C。2解析：选G根据“They were made of the memory area in the dolphins br
60、ain containing information about swimming”它们是由海豚脑中包含游泳信息的记忆区域形成的，G选项“使用最先进的技术能产生细化的图像”，符合，选择G。3解析：选B根据“Later the information was transplanted into the action memory area in the bears brain.”信息被移入熊脑中的行动记忆区，B选项“它通过电能被释放”，符合，故选B。4解析：选E根据The experiment had an entire transplant of the memory area.实验对记忆区进
61、行了整个的移植 ，E选项“它包括了行动、情绪、逻辑、语言、图像”等 ，符合，故选E。5解析：选A根据When the two dogs woke up, “Idiot” had grasped all the abilities “Genius” had两只狗醒来时，愚蠢的那只掌握了聪明的那只的所有能力 ，A选项“实验很成功符合”，故选A。.课时微写作(请根据提示把语段补充完整)We are living in a time when (一个的时代)the country are communicating more with the world. We are brought up (抚养) happily and educated well. Internet has a great influence (对有重大影响) on us and we always stress the importance of (强调的重要性) quick spreading of knowledge and information. Thats one of the reasons why (这是的原因) our country is developing so quickly.