1、成都市成华区2016高考英语：阅读理解二轮点练（4）及参考答案【2014高考英语江西省景德镇质量检测】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Italys highest court has upheld（支持） the prison sentence handed down to the former Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi for tax fraud（税收欺诈）. However, because of his age, Mr Berlusconi is unlikely to go to jail an
2、d instead faces house arrest or community service. Alan Johnston reports from Rome. For nearly 20 years, Silvio Berlusconi has been the single most influential figure in Italian politics, he has been Prime Minister three times and yet judges have now decided that he is guilty of tax fraud and should
3、 go to jail. Its the first time in all his many court cases that he has been definitively convicted（定罪）. There can be no appeal. Mr Berlusconi will surely see this as one of the darkest moments in his extraordinary political life. The United States says its extremely disappointed by Russias decision
4、 to agree to Edward Snowden temporary asylum（庇护）. Mr Snowden, a former U.S. intelligence analyst, has been charged by the U.S. with spying for leaking details of secret government surveillance（监视） programs. Mark Mardell reports from Washington. The White House says granting Edward Snowden asylum und
5、ermines (暗中破坏) cooperation between the U.S. and Russia. And they insist he is not a whistle blower, not a dissident. Hes been charged with criminal offenses. They openly admit that the relationship with Russia is already difficult with many points of conflict. Up until now, a most serious was over t
6、he approach to Syria which makes some very uncomfortable body language between President Obama and President Putin at the recent G8 meeting. Now, the White House spokesman Jay Carney says they are considering pulling out of a planned summit between the two leaders. Share prices in the U.S. reached a
7、ll time highs, the Dow Jones index set a new record while the wider index of the U.S. market the S&P 500 went over 1700 points for the first time. Heres Andrew Walker. The share price gains partly reflect some upbeat(乐观的) news about the U.S economy, the survey of manufactures showed stronger activit
8、y last month. There has also been a decline in the number of people applying for unemployment benefits, but the exceptional policies of the Federal Reserve are also an important and persistent factor driving the stock market. The statement from the FED on Thursday has been interpreted that suggestin
9、g its efforts to stimulate stronger economic growth will not be cut back very soon.61.Which column do you probably see the passage ?A. Entertainment B. News C. Science D. Advertisement 62.From the first paragraph we know that _.A. Berlusconi is the former Italian president.B. Berlusconi is likely to
10、 go to jail.C. Berlusconi has been Prime Minister for three years.D. Berlusconi will surely experience the darkest moments .63.From the second paragraph we know_.A. The White House think Edward Snowden is innocent. B. Edward Snowden escaped from Japan.C. Edward Snowden event may influence the relati
11、onship between Russia and America.D. The UN express its regret about Edward Snowden64.According to the third paragraph we know _.A. America wants to stimulate economic growth through share market.B. The higher share prices in the U.S suggests fewer unemployment.C. The Dow Jones share prices depend o
12、n world economic growthD. The share price gains mean the boom of the US economy.65Which of the following is True.A Berlusconi has been in jail.B. Berlusconi has a great influence on Italian politics.C. Russia and America agree with each other on Syria issue .D. The number of people applying for unem
13、ployment benefits is increasing in America.【参考答案】 61-65 BDCAB 细节理解-语意转换法 技巧点拨高考试题中的细节理解题大多通过语句的同义或反义转换考查学生对英语语言的理解能力。解题时要特别注意下列几点：1考生可先看试题，再带着问题到阅读材料中寻找正确答案，加强解题的针对性。 2如果问题中有not，except，least，never等词时，要特别留意，不要漏看这些词或理解错误而误选答案。3问到what，who，when，which，where，according to the author等具体细节时，一定要以文章所谈到的内容为据，而不
14、要凭自己的经验或观点去选择答案。 活学活用 阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务(2010年山东卷)Ask someone what they have done to help the environment recently and they will almost certainly mention recycling. Recycling in the home is very important of course. However，being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need
15、. We are dealing with the results of overconsumption in the greenest way possible，but it would be far better if we did not need to bring so much material home in the first place.The total amount of packaging increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005.It now makes up a third of a typical households waste
16、 in the UK.In many supermarkets nowadays food items are packaged twice with plastic and cardboard.Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment. The UK，for example，is running out of it for carrying this unnecessary waste.If such packaging is burnt，it gives off greenhouse gases which
17、go on to cause the greenhouse effect.Recycling helps，but the process itself uses energy. The solution is not to produce such items in the first place. Food waste is a serious problem，too. Too many supermarkets encourage customers to buy more than they need. However，a few of them are coming round to
18、the idea that this cannot continue，encouraging customers to reuse their plastic bags，for example.But this is not just about supermarkets. It is about all of us. We have learned to associate packaging with quality. We have learned to think that something unpackaged is of poor quality. This is especia
19、lly true of food. But it also applies to a wide range of consumer products，which often have far more packaging than necessary. There are signs of hope. As more of us recycle，we are beginning to realize just how much unnecessary material are collecting. We need to face the wastefulness of our consume
20、r culture，but we have a mountain to climb.根据短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要_.根据所读短文，选出最佳答案1What does the underlined phrase “overconsumption” refer to?AUsing too much packaging.BRecycling too many wastes.CMaking more products than necessary.DHaving more material than is needed.2The author uses figures in Paragraph 2
21、to show _.Athe tendency of cutting household wasteBthe increase of packaging recycling Cthe rapid growth of super marketsDthe fact of packaging overuse3According to the text，recycling _.Ahelps control the greenhouse effectBmeans burning packaging for energyCis the solution to gas shortageDleads to a
22、 waste of land4What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?AUnpackaged products are of bad quality.BSupermarkets care more about packaging.CIt is improper to judge quality by packaging.DOther products are better packaged than food.5What can we learn from the last paragraph?AFighting wastefulness is diffic
23、ult.BNeedless material is mostly recycled.CPeople like collecting recyclable waste.DThe author is proud of their consumer culture.参考答案Recycling is one way to help environment，but whats most important is that we dont overconsume or pay too much attention to packaging when we are shopping.(27 words)1解
24、析：从前句的being forced to recycle often means we already have more material than we need知道我们是在 “过度消费”或“过量消费”。答案：D、2解析：increased by 12% between 1999 and 2005说明包装盒的消费量增长迅速，由此可知答案。答案：D、3解析：从Recycling helps可知答案。答案：A、4解析：人们习惯了把包装与产品质量联系起来，意为包装不好的东西就意味着品质不好。答案：C、5解析：从最后一句We need to face the wastefulness of ou
25、r consumer culture，but we have a mountain to climb可知答案。答案：A、 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。With rising gas prices，its no wonder the search for gasoline alternatives(替代品) has suddenly taken on a new urgency.One of the laboratoriesa high school in Brooklynis where students are using cooking
26、 oil to run their experimental engine.And as Education reporter Art McFarland discovered，it appears to be working.Students at Automotive High School have taken a gas alternative lesson a step further.They have perfected a project that runs this cars engine，with used cooking oil.Lamar Taylor，“I think
27、 its a great project because its better for the environment.”Vehicles that run on alternative fuels are part of a cutting edge technology.The Automotive High Project began after a dieselpowered Mercedes was donated to the school two years ago.Thomas Cassino，mechanics teacher，“The original diesel eng
28、ine.was actually produced to run on vegetable oil and whale oil.”The oil running the engine was collected from the school cafeteria and from restaurants，then placed into a converter，which heats it up while the engine starts using the diesel fuel.With the flip(轻击) of a switch，the engine is cooking wi
29、th oil，though collecting it can have drawbacks.Melissa Silberman，principal，“Once they started running the car，they didnt want to eat in the cafeteria any more because what the French fries(炸薯条) were cooked in werent so attractive if it can run a car.”And it has its advantages.Curtis Giscombe，student
30、，“It smells like the back of McDonalds.It smells like French fries.” The students are not likely to influence the more widespread use of alternative fuels，but if the day comes when lots more cars are running on cooking oil，the students will be prepared to service them.1What would be the best title f
31、or the text?AThe Future Alternative to GasolineBRising Gas Prices Drive Experimental EngineCCooking Oil Finds Its New UsesDStudents Use Cooking Oil to Power an Engine2The importance of using cooking oil to run engines is that it can .Aprotect the environmentBsave the gasCoffer cars good smellDbring
32、down the gas price3According to the seventh paragraph， .Athe car is full of French friesBthe car makes people eat nothingCthe car makes people not want to eat in the cafeteriaDthe car is a moving cafeteria4About the future of the car running on cooking oil，we know that .Athe day for cars widely usin
33、g cooking oil is long to comeBit will have a great effect on the oil marketCthe students may build a service company soonDno one wants to use cooking oil for their cars1Just as they came round the next bend the engine broke down and came to a stop. (完形填空第五段)正当他们绕过下一个弯时，发动机熄火停了下来。(1)The telephone sys
34、tem has broken down.电话系统失灵了。(2)Negotiations between the two sides have broken down.双方谈判已经破裂。2On both sides grew thick unknown trees. (完形填空最后一段)河的两边长满了茂密的不知名的树木。(1)Through the window came in wafts of intoxicating fragrance.从窗子里吹进一阵阵醉人的清香。(2)On the winding path were to be found footprints of some stra
35、nge animals.沿着曲折的小道可以发现一些奇异野兽的足迹。3And as Education reporter Art McFarland discovered，it appears to be working.(阅读理解第一段)正如教育报记者Art McFarland看到的那样，机器开始运转了。(1)As might be expected，John was admitted to the university.约翰被大学录取了，这是可以预料到的。(2)More American troops are being sent to the Middle East，as I have l
36、earnt from the newspaper.我从报纸上得知，更多的美国部队正在被派往中东。4Once they started running the car，they didnt want to eat in the cafeteria any more. (阅读理解第七段)车一发动，他们就不再想吃餐厅里的东西(1)The ship sank below the water，and wasnt seen any more.轮船沉没在浪涛之下，再也见不到了。(2)They decided not to take part in Asian Games any more. 【参考答案】1D
37、 2A 3C 4A【2014高考英语江西省景德镇质量检测】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A new study suggests that middle-class teenagers are less intelligent than a generation ago due to the dumbing down (简化)of youth culture and school tests.IQ tests show that scores for the average 14-year-old have dropped by more than two
38、points between 1984 and 2012. For those in the upper half of the intelligence scale-a group typically dominated(支配) by the children of middle-class families-average IQ scores were six points down on 28 years ago. Their leisure time is increasingly taken up with playing computer games and watching TV
39、 instead of reading and holding conversations.Education experts said a growing tendency in schools to teach to the test was affecting youngsters ability to think laterally.For the study, Professor James Flynn, of the University of Otago in New Zealand, analysed UK childrens scores in IQ tests over t
40、ime. He found a regular pattern that IQs increased among children aged between 5 and 10 over the 28-year-period, at the rate of up to half a point a year. He believes these gains are linked to changes to the home environment children experienced when they were young, with parents increasingly provid
41、ing stimulating activities.But Professor Flynn also found that teenagers scores had dipped slightly over the past generation. It is the first time IQ scores have fallen for any age group during the past century, his research suggests. While we have enriched the cognitive(认知的)environment of children
42、before their teenage years, the cognitive environment of the teenagers has not been enriched.Other studies have shown how pervasive teenage youth culture is, and what we see is that the parents influence on childrens IQ will slowly diminish with age. What we know is that youth culture is more visual
43、ly orientated around computer games than they are in terms of reading and holding conversations.He said previous studies have tended to show IQ increasing as teenagers move into adulthood, entering university or starting work. Previous studies have claimed that using text messages and email can temp
44、orarily reduce IQ by causing concentration to drop, while smoking marijuana(大麻) has also been linked with a decline in IQ.66.We can infer from the passage that _A. IQ tests scores for the average 14-year-old have dropped by more than two points in the past decade. B. Original youth culture and schoo
45、l tests are more beneficial to middle-class teenagers intelligent development.C. Now middle-class teenagers are more intelligent than a generation ago D. Now youth culture and school tests have a good influence on students67.Which of the following can cause a decline in IQ? A. reading B. holding con
46、versations C. starting work D. smoking marijuana 68.According to Professor Flynns study ones IQ scores can be increased at most _ points .A. 2.5 B. 5 C.14 D. 769.The underlined word in paragraph 6 means_.A. reduce B. strengthen C.increase D. disappear70.Whats the main idea of this passage ?A. Parents have an influence on childrens IQ. B. Using text messages can reduce IQ. C. It is about a new research on teenagers IQ. D. The way of testing IQ scores has been found.【参考答案】66-70 BDCAC