1、阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Below is a selection from a popular science book.If blood is red，why are veins(静脉) blue?Actually，veins are not blue at all.They are more of a clear，yellowish colour.Although blood looks red when its outside the body，when its sitting in a vein near the surface of
2、the skin，its more of a dark reddish purple colour.At the right depth，these bloodfilled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin，making them look blue by comparison.Which works harder，your heart or your brain?That kind of depends on whether youre busy thinking or busy exercising.Your he
3、art works up to three times harder during exercise，and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker.But，in the long run，your brain probably tips it，because even when youre sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart，and it takes four to five times as much blood
4、to feed it.Why do teeth fall out，and why dont they grow back in grownups?Baby (or “milk”) teeth do not last long；they fall out to make room for bigger，stronger adult teeth later on.Adult teeth fall out when they become damaged，decayed and infected by bacteria.Once this second set of teeth has grown
5、in，youre done.When theyre gone，theyre gone.This is because nature figures youre set for life，and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off.Do old people shrink as they age?Yes and no.Many people do get shorter as they age.But，when they do，it isnt because theyre shrinking all over.They simply
6、 lose height as their spine(脊柱) becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity(重力)Many (but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older.Men lose an average of 34 cm in height as they age，while women may lose 5 cm or more.If you live to be 200 years old，would you
7、 keep shrinking till you were，like 60 cm tall，like a little boy again？No，because old people dont really shrink！It is not that they are growing backwardstheir legs，arms and backbones getting shorter.When they do get shorter，its because the spine has shortened a little.Or，more often，become more bent a
8、nd curved.Why does spinning make you dizzy(眩晕的)?Because your brain gets confused between what youre seeing and what youre feeling.The brain senses that youre spinning using special gravityandmotionsensing organs in your inner ear，which work together with your eyes to keep your vision and balance sta
9、ble.But，when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out of control，and your brain thinks youre moving while youre not!Where do feelings and emotions come from?Mostly from an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system.All mammals have this brain areafrom mice to dogs，cats，and humans.So al
10、l mammals feel basic emotions like fear，pain and pleasure.But since human feelings also involve other，newer bits of the brain，we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on the planet.If exercise wears you out，how can it be good for you?Because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them.An
11、d as far as your body is concerned，its “use it，or lose it”！Its not that exercise makes you healthy；its more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.1What is the colour of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin?ABlue. BLight yellow.CRed. DDark reddish purple
12、.解析细节理解题。根据第一个标题下的“.its more of a dark reddish purple colour.”可知答案。答案D。2Why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age?ABecause their spine is in active use.BBecause they are more easily affected by gravity.CBecause they keep growing backwards.DBecause their spine becomes more bent.解析细节理解
13、题。根据第四个标题下的“They simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity(重力)”可知，老年人变矮是因为脊柱收缩和弯曲造成的。答案D。3Which of the following statements about our brain is true?AIn the long run，our brain probably works harder than our heart.BWhen our brain sen
14、ses the spinning，we will feel dizzy.CThe brains of the other mammals are as complex as those of humans.DOur feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.解析细节理解题。根据第二个标题下的第三句“But，in the long run，your brain.”可知答案为A项。此题最易误选B项，根据第五个标题下的最后一句可知，眩晕是由于 “你已经不动了，而你的大脑认为你还在动”的错觉引起的。答案A。
15、4What is the main purpose of the selection?ATo give advice on how to stay healthy.BTo provide information about our body.CTo challenge new findings in medical research.DTo report the latest discoveries in medical science.解析写作意图题。考生易误选D项，但是在医学领域，概括失误。文章主要涉及我们身体的问题，包括身体的、情绪的等等。故选择B项较全面。答案B。【2013界广东省揭阳
16、市一模】CIf you dont want people to know too much about you, then you had better keep your fridge contents secret, according to a British market research document released last week.Researchers peered (凝视) into the fridges of 400 people in Britain and compared the contents with the owners lifestyles. Th
17、ey claim to be able to classify the nations people by fridge contents. They say those people can be separated into five categories：nutrition nerds (no social sense), food faddiest (whatevers in style), martyr mums, fast food fanatics and restaurant regulars.Nutrition nerds care much about what they
18、put into their bodies. Their fridges are stocked with fruit, vegetables and healthy meat. People in this category tend to be highly organized and usually work in law or accountancy. The vast majority is single, but if they have a partner, that person will be similar.A fridge full of vitamins enriche
19、d juices implies its owner works in media or fashion. They tend not to eat the foods they buy. Known as the food faddiest, they just want to be seen as purchasing the latest important things.A fridge filled with everything from steak to frozen fish suggests the martyr mum. Her fridge tends to be sto
20、cked with every kind of product, except what she herself would want. This fridge hints at difficulty balancing family and work life.Fast food fanatics always buy mineral water or soda pop. The nearest they will get to fresh fruit is tomato sauce. Their fridges hint at someone who works hard and play
21、s hard, also, someone who is not into long term planning. Finally, a fridge filled with nothing more than a bottle of white wine and some sparkling mineral water implies an owner who is single, lives in a big city and enjoys the finer things in life. The fridge is empty because this person regularly
22、 eats in restaurants.36. What can we know from the first two paragraphs?A. Some researchers are fond of staring at other peoples fridges.B. People dont want others to know about their secrets.C. The food you put in the fridge has something to do with your personality.D. There are mainly five kinds o
23、f lifestyles among British people.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。第一段讲英国一个市场调查发布说如果你不想让人对你了解过多，你最好保持你冰箱的秘密。第二段讲，研究者在英国看了400多个人的冰箱并比较主人的生活方式，他们称能够通过冰箱里的东西把人们分类。由此可见，冰箱里放的食物和人的性格有关。故选C。37. According to the passage, people who belong to food faddiest_. A. dont care much about money when buying things B. will try their
24、best to stay healthy C. often stay up late to finish their job D. prefer to ask others about what to do next【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。由“Known as the food faddiest, they just want to be seen as purchasing the latest important things.”可知他们买东西只想让人看上去他们购买了最新的重要的东西，而不在乎钱。故选A。38. Which of the following is true accor
25、ding to the passage?A. “Nutrition nerds” are always organized and successful in their jobs.B. “Food faddists” like to stock their fridges with all kinds of vitamins.C. “Martyr mums” care themselves more than others.D. “Fast food fanatics” usually do not stock their fridges with fresh fruit.【答案】D【解析】
26、细节理解题。“Fast food fanatics always buy mineral water or soda pop. The nearest they will get to fresh fruit is tomato sauce.”说明速食狂热者通常不在冰箱里储存新鲜水果。故选D。39. What will those who often dine out put in the fridge? A. All kinds of food they like. B. Only something to drink. C. Fruit, vegetables and meat. D. F
27、ood rich in vitamins.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。由最后一段可知经常外出就餐的人冰箱里只放一些喝的。故选B。40. What is this passage mainly about?A. What people store in their fridges.B. Fridge contents and its owners secret.C. What we should store in our fridges.D. How to keep our fridge contents secret.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。第一段说明文章主要讲冰箱里的内容和主人的秘密
28、。故选B。【2013界广东省揭阳市一模】DConsumer electronics once again topped the list of the most wanted gifts this holiday season.“Seventy-six percent of consumers who plan to buy holiday gifts say that they will spend money or buy at least one technology product; definitely a solid vote of confidence for technolog
29、y.”Steve Koenig is with the Consumer Electronics Association. He says the groups latest research also shows that Americans this year are spending more on technology products. “Here in 2012, $252 on averagethe technology spend for consumers this year.”From tablet computers to smart phones, American s
30、hoppers have been lining up to get the newest and coolest electronic devices on the market. There are more choices today than ever before. Its kind of hard to make a decision.Tablet computers are one of the best-selling products this year. Brian Tong is Senior Editor of CNET.com. The website reports
31、 on tech news and examines the latest electronic products. He says the Apple iPad Mini is one of the most popular tablets. Its starting price is $329. One of Apples biggest competitors is the Google Nexus 7. It starts at $199.“Its hardware is more powerful than whats in the iPad Mini, but also it of
32、fers you a lot of things like maps that work better than Apples maps.But Brian Tong says there is one reason why people may like the iPad Mini more than the Nexus 7. “If you just want to read books and surf the Internet, you dont really need to get an iPad Mini, but if you want the largest robust gr
33、oup of apps (应用软件) thats where the iPad and Apples ecosystem shines the most.”Elman Chacon is with the electronics store Best Buy. He says another hot product this season is smart cameras. They connect to the Internet through WiFi. This makes it easy for users to email or upload photographs directly
34、 from the camera.“You can literally take a picture and upload it into your Facebook in a matter of seconds. These things are pretty cool because they do a lot of things.”Streaming media boxes also connect to the Internet. People are able to watch web content such as movies and YouTube videos on thei
35、r televisions. Another popular item is wireless speaker systems. The newest ones work with any device that has Bluetooth technology, including smart phones, laptops and tablets.41. What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 3?A. Every technology product costs an average of $252.B. Consumers
36、 are spending $252 more on technology products than last year.C. Consumers should spend $252 on their technology products.D. It is estimated that $252 on average might be spent on electronics by consumers in 2012.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。此句意为，2012年消费者在科技上的花费平均有252美元。42. According to Brian Tong, why may people
37、 prefer the iPad Mini to the Google Nexus 7?A. Because it is cheaper.B. Because it has more functions.C. Because you can read books and surf the Internet with it.D. Because it offers you a lot of things like maps that work better than Apples maps.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。“but if you want the largest robust gr
38、oup of apps (应用软件) thats where the iPad and Apples ecosystem shines the most.”说明强大的应用软件才是苹果系统的最大亮点。所以人们更喜欢苹果平板电脑，是因为它有更多功能。43. What does “Its hardware” in Paragraph 6 refer to?A. The hardware of tablet computers.B. The hardware of the Apple iPad.C. The hardware of the Google Nexus 7.D. The hardware
39、of the iPad Mini.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。上一段“One of Apples biggest competitors is the Google Nexus 7.”说明作者在把Google Nexus 7和Apple iPad进行比较。故选C。44. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. People will spend most of their money on electronics.B. Photos can be uploaded from the camera when conn
40、ected to a computer.C. A streaming media box is a box which can contain CDs.D. Most people would like to buy electronics as gifts.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。文章第一句“Consumer electronics once again topped the list of the most wanted gifts this holiday season.”就说明大多数人想买电子产品作为礼物。故D正确。45. Which of the following would
41、 be the best title of the passage?A. Electronics: Peoples Most Favorite Gifts this yearB. Which is More Popular, the Apple iPad Mini or the Google Nexus 7?C. Latest Technology ProductsD. More Electronics to Choose from【答案】A【解析】标题归纳题。本文主要讲了今年人们最喜爱的礼物-电子产品。故选A。阅读理解 It is true that shyness can be a dis
42、advantage socially for those who suffer from it seriously. I mean real shyness, not somebody who is simply quiet. Quiet people could be shy, but on the other hand, they may just be observing because they are unsure of you or others in your company. They may be capable of being extrovert (性格外向的) and
43、sociable, but on some particular occasions, they are quiet.I have learnt from my experience that those who observe and listen more and talk less can gain a position of strength. This means that even a very shy person, the type who is reluctant to talk in company (在交际场合) , especially new company, can
44、 become a strong person in just about anything they choose. Remember, knowledge is power, and a shy introvert (性格内向的人) is in a better position to gain knowledge than an extrovert. Introverted people can give great attention to learning, and as good listeners they can take in an enormous amount from
45、others. Over time, people can come to respect them far more than the extrovert who speaks a lot. Usually about themselves.What does it take , then for a very shy person to be that successful person they have always wanted to be ? They may only need one more thing to push themselves on their way. The
46、y need to dare themselves to take the leap; and when they do , they will probably find all the knowledge they have gained over the years will help them on their way to the top in their chosen field.9. What does the first paragraph mainly want to tell us?A. A person who is quiet may not be shy. B. A
47、shy person may not be a calm one.C. Quiet people are usually doubtful. D. Shyness is sometimes a bad feature.10. The underlined word “reluctant” in paragraph 2 probably means _.A. lazy B. careful C. eager D. unwilling11. According to the author, introverted people can be successful because they usua
48、lly _.A. have a strong will B. talk less and show off lessC. learn more than extroverts D. have a good attitude to learning12. It can be learned from the last paragraph that “one more thing” probably refers to _.A. energy B. courage C. quietness D. knowledge【参考答案】9、AD 1112、CB阅读理解-DSports is not only
49、 physically challenging, but it can also mentally challenging. Criticism（批评）from coaches(trainers), parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has showed that it
50、can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, lea
51、rn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware(realize), at all times, that their feedback（反馈）to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents and coaches crit
52、icisms to heart and find a flaw（缺陷） in themselves.Coaches and parents should also be cautious(careful) that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In todays youth
53、 sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on(pay more attention to) the outcome and find fault with youngsters performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided in spite
54、of the outcome. Research shows that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress(pressure), which can lead to burnout.13. According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that .A. it can help the
55、m learn more about societyB. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselvesC. it enables them to find flaws in themselvesD. it can provide them with valuable experiences14. According to the passage parents and coaches should .A. help children to win every gameB. pay more attention to lett
56、ing children enjoy sportsC. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sportsD. train children to deal with stress15. The authors purpose in writing the passage is .A. to persuade young children not to worry about criticismB. to emphasize the importance of positive reinforcement to childrenC. to discuss the skill of combing criticism with encouragementD. to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout【参考答案】1315、DBB