1、山西省山西大学附属中学2019-2020学年高一英语5月模块诊断试题（含解析）第卷第一部分 阅读理解阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALast year marked the 100th anniversary of the end of World War I. There were events around the world in memory of those who died in the conflict. We have picked out three of them in European countries.
2、 Lets take a look.BelgiumIn a park, the famous Belgian artist Koen Vanmechelen had an exhibition called Coming World, Remember Me. The work consisted of 600,000 individual(个别的) clay sculptures, one for each person killed during the World War. In the center of the exhibition was a big egg made of cla
3、y, symbolizing a new world.UKIn a small town called Aldridge, almost 100 houses in one street were covered with 24,000 poppies and statues of soldiers. They stood for the men from the area who had been killed in the war. The flowers were chosen because of a poem written by the Canadian doctor John M
4、cCrea in 1915. They made people think of fields of blood.FranceThe British artist Guy Denning arrived in La Feuille, a small town in the northwest of France, to stick life-size drawings of soldiers who never came back home. Armed with glue and a brush, Denning stuck his drawings carefully on walls.
5、Before long 112 men, mainly young adults, were brought back to mind, if not to life.1. What do we know about Coming World, Remember Me?A. Its the name of an exhibition.B. Its a film about World War I.C. Its a work standing for peace.D. Its a sculpture made of clay.2. Why were poppies chosen to symbo
6、lize the dead soldiers?A. The British people preferred them.B. They showed the cruelty of war.C. A Canadian doctor suggested them.D. The fields were filled with them.3. How was the end of World War I marked in France?A. A memorial to the dead soldiers was built.B. 112 wounded soldiers in the war wer
7、e helped.C. Drawings of some dead soldiers were put up.D. Young adults were encouraged to join the army.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。去年是第一次世界大战结束100周年。世界各地都举行了纪念战争死难者的活动。本文介绍了欧洲的三个国家的是如何进行纪念活动的。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Belgium部分的In a park, the famous Belgian artist Koen Vanmechelen had an exhibition called Co
8、ming World, Remember Me. 可知，Coming World, Remember Me 是一个展览的名字，故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据UK部分的The flowers were chosen because of a poem written by the Canadian doctor John McCrea in 1915. They made people think of fields of blood. 可知，罂粟花被选来象征死去的士兵是因为它们让人想到血泊，想到那些死去的战士，结合所给选项可推断出，它们展示了战争的残酷。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根
9、据France部分的The British artist Guy Denning arrived in La Feuille, a small town in the northwest of France, to stick life-size drawings of soldiers who never came back home. 可知，在法国，他们是把死去的战士的画像张贴出来。故选C。BIf you live in a town or city on the edge of a desert or coastline where sand dunes form, you might
10、understand the threat they can have. Its, sometimes, a piece of cake for them to cover roads, buildings, farms and other man-made developments with their unpredictable movements. Thus, figuring out how they move is important for preventing some natural disasters.Now scientists have discovered that d
11、unes have been secretly moving in ways we never knew before. There are different explanations on dune interaction however, Karol Bacik, first author on the new dune study, and his colleagues have found a new one for dune movement. The researchers employed high-speed cameras to observe how dunes sepa
12、rated by distance can act as if theyre connected.It turns out, currents flowing over sand dunes can carry “information” to other dunes downstream in the form of swirls(旋涡). For instance, as wind or water flows over the top of a dune, it slightly moves. This can generate “swirls” on the back of a dow
13、nstream dune and push it in a direction opposite the movement of the front dune.Its the first time that researchers were able to provide causal explanations for some of these strange, previously unpredictable movements. The team also hopes to get out of the laboratory and into the real world, to see
14、 if their models can be applied to dune movements in complex natural systems. They plan to use satellite images over large deserts to track groups of dunes over long periods.Perhaps they can start to alter the dune marching orders in the near future. Imagine being able to tell a dune field exactly h
15、ow you want it to move. Thats the idea that this research might one day make possible.4. We can learn that the purpose of the study is to _.A. stop the sand dunes from moving aroundB. figure out the track of sand dune movementsC. prove the interaction of dunes with each otherD. examine a model of sa
16、nd dunes in the real world5. What does the underlined word “one” in Para. 2 refer to?A. A study.B. An interaction.C. An explanation.D. A dune.6. Which of the following can we know from the passage?A. A sand dune communicates with another only by currents.B. Swirls on the back of a dune are the power
17、 to move itself.C. Some strange dune movements have got causally explained before.D. Researchers think it unnecessary to study further on the dune models.【答案】4. B 5. C 6. B【解析】本文为一篇说明文，讲述了弄清楚沙丘是如何运动的，对于防止一些自然灾害是很重要的。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一自然段最后一句话Thus, figuring out how they move is important for preventing
18、 some natural disasters.(因此，弄清楚它们是如何运动的，对于防止一些自然灾害是很重要的)我们可以推断出研究的目的就是为了弄清楚沙丘的运动轨迹，那么B项figure out the track of sand dune movements(找出沙丘运动的轨迹)满足推断。故此题选B。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据猜词句There are different explanations on dune interaction, however, Karol Bacik, first author on the new dune study, and his colleagues
19、have found a new one for dune movement.(关于沙丘相互作用有不同的解释，然而，新沙丘研究的第一作者卡罗尔巴西克和他的同事们发现了沙丘运动的新解释)根据however之前的句子，我们可知这里在讲对于沙丘相互作用的解释，所以这里的one就是指一个新的解释。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三自然段This can generate “swirls” on the back of a downstream dune and push it in a direction opposite the movement of the front dune.(这会
20、在下游沙丘的背面产生“漩涡”，并将其推向与前沙丘运动方向相反的方向)我们可以推断出沙丘背后的涡轮能够推动沙丘前进。那么B项Swirls on the back of a dune are the power to move itself. (沙丘后面的漩涡是移动的动力)满足推断。故此题选B。CGeneral Motors (GM) shared the first details of its third-generation electric vehicle (EV) and Ultium battery system just about a month ago, but it wont
21、be the only automaker using this new EV hardware. Honda(本田) is now planning to build two new electric models based on the GM tech.Sharing of EV technology across automakers is becoming an increasingly common practice. Last summer, Ford reached an agreement to build at least one European battery elec
22、tric vehicle (BEV) based on Volkswagens platform and more recently, Hyundai(现代) announced plans to use the electric platform from California-based startup Canoo.This hardware sharing makes sense for automakers since the technology is expensive to develop but once its built into a vehicle, there wont
23、 be much to distinguish(区分) one from another. Sharing allows the development cost to be spread over more vehicles, which is crucially important for a company to seize market share in the fierce competition.While Honda has an excellent reputation for designing traditional engines, having even supplie
24、d some to GM in the past, it has struggled with BEVs. The Japanese automaker has focused more on fuel cell(电池) technology whose adoption is very limited at present. The only BEV that Honda currently offers in the U.S. market is the Clarity EV which offers just 89 miles of range on a charge. While Ho
25、ndas own BEV efforts dont seem to have gained any progress, they have been working with GM on battery module design since 2018 and likely had a hand in the development of Ultium battery system.The so-called “top-hats” which make up the body and inside of the vehicle will be designed and developed by
26、 Honda, however, the propulsion system and battery will come from GM. The first of the new Honda BEVs are scheduled to go on sale in 2024 and be produced at GM factories.7. Which automaker will probably use the new EV hardware besides GM?A. Ford.B. Honda.C. Volkswagen.D. Hyundai.8. What is becoming
27、more and more common among automakers?A. Using electric platform.B. Building electric models.C. Sharing EV technology.D. Seizing car market share.9. Why is hardware sharing necessary to automakers?A. Because making vehicles is difficult.B. Because designing engines is important.C. Because distinguis
28、hing vehicles is necessary.D. Because developing technology is very expensive.10. What can we infer from the passage?A. Honda has defeated GM in developing BEVs.B. Honda will be better than GM in developing BEVs.C. Honda and GM will be partners in developing BEVs.D. Honda will purchase GM factories
29、to produce BEVs.【答案】7. B 8. C 9. D 10. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。在电动汽车(EV)技术的发展的大背景下，本田计划使用通用汽车的Ultium电池开发纯电动汽车(BEV)。汽车制造商之间共享电动车技术正成为一种越来越普遍的做法。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后“but it wont be the only automaker using this new EV hardware. Honda(本田) is now planning to build two new electric models based on the GM tech.”本田正在计
30、划制造的两款新电动车型是基于通用公司的技术基础之上的，也就是说明本田很可能会使用通用公司的新式的电动汽车硬件。故选B.【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Sharing of EV technology across automakers is becoming an increasingly common practice.”，汽车制造商之间越来越普遍的做法是共享电动汽车技术。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“This hardware sharing makes sense for automakers since the technology is expensiv
31、e to develop”可知，硬件共享对于汽车制造商来说是很有意义的，因为这项技术的开发成本很高，所以汽车制造商共享硬件的原因是开发成本很高。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“the body and inside of the vehicle will be designed and developed by Honda, however, the propulsion system and battery will come from GM.”汽车的身体和内部都由本田设计，通用会提供推进系统和电池，所以本田和通用在开发纯电动汽车方面会是合作伙伴。故选C。七选五 根据短文内容
32、，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Studies have shown that walking among trees makes us relaxed. _11_Theres plenty of research showing the link between being in nature and being happy, but most of the research has focused on adults._12_ Explaining the motivation behind the study, researchers note th
33、at with environmental issues such as global warming, more studies are focusing on the relationships between humans and nature to find solutions to these problems, and the future of the planet lies in the hands of children and their actions. However, few studies focus on this aspect. For the study, r
34、esearchers worked with 296 children between the ages of 9 and 12. To measure how connected they were to nature, the kids were asked how much they enjoy activities like seeing wildflowers and wild animals, hearing sounds of nature and touching animals and plants. _13_They also found that the more con
35、cerned children were about the environment and nature, the more likely they were to be happy.So exposure to nature is related to active behaviors and happiness of children. What does that mean to adults? As we all know, children usually tend to follow adults, especially their parents behaviors. That
36、s to say, when adults are outside and appreciate nature, kids learn by example. _14_ Researchers say that children need role models who can gently guide them to nature with excitement and an attitude of a lifelong learner. _15_ Whats more important is that they spend time together with children by e
37、xploring a fun and safe environment.A. Its so good going for a walk around trees.B. Even just smelling the trees helps reduce anxiety.C. And if parents enjoy being close to nature, so will their children.D. Parents dont have to be experts in environmental science or nature studies.E. They found that
38、 the kids connected to nature were more likely to behave actively.F. In a new study researchers wanted to see if kids get the same benefits from being outdoors.G. Researchers will study more about the connection between childrens happiness and nature.【答案】11. B 12. F 13. E 14. C 15. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者在文
39、章中援引研究表明接近自然对孩子成长的重要性。【11题详解】根据前句提到“研究表明，在树林中散步能使我们放松”可知，B项“即使只是闻一下树木的气味也有助于减轻焦虑”和前句构成递进关系。所以B项切题。故选B项。【12题详解】根据后句提到“在解释这项研究背后的动机时，研究人员指出，随着全球变暖等环境问题的出现，越来越多的研究关注人类与自然之间的关系，以找到解决这些问题的办法，而地球的未来掌握在孩子和他们的行动手中。然而，这方面的研究很少。”可知，F项“在一项新的研究中，研究人员想看看孩子们是否能从户外活动中获得同样的好处”中提到的“In a new study”和后句的“Explaining the
40、 motivation behind the study”是同一个研究。同时后句提到的内容是前句提到研究的原因。所以F项切题。故选F项。【13题详解】根据后句提到“他们还发现，孩子们越关心环境和自然，他们就越有可能快乐”可知，E项“他们发现，亲近自然的孩子更可能表现得积极”和前句都是研究的发现，两者之间表示并列关系。所以E项切题。故选E项。14题详解】根据划线前提到“也就是说，当成年人在户外欣赏大自然时，孩子们会学他们”可知，C选项“如果父母喜欢亲近大自然，他们的孩子也会喜欢”前后两句都在讲父母对孩子的影响，前后两句表示并列。所以C项切题。故选C项。【15题详解】根据划线前提到“研究人员说，孩
41、子们需要榜样，他们可以带着快乐和终身学习者的态度温和地引导他们进入大自然”和后句的“更重要的是，他们花时间和孩子们一起探索一个有趣和安全的环境”可知，D选项“父母不必是环境科学或自然研究方面的专家”此处起承上启下的作用。所以D项切题。故选D项。第二部分 完形填空阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。Pass Your Love OnWaiting for the airplane to take off, I was happy to get a seat by myself. Just then, an air hostess approached me an
42、d asked, “Would you mind _16_ your seat? A couple would like to sit together.” The only _17_ seat was next to a girl with her arms in casts (石膏绷带), a black-and-blue face, and a sad expression. “_18_am I going to sit there，” I thought immediately. But a soft voice spoke, “She needs help.” Finally, I
43、_19_ to move to that seat. The girl was named Kathy. She _20_ in a car accident and now was on her way for _21_. When the snack and juice arrived, it did not take me long to _22_ that Kathy would not be able to _23_ herself. I considered _24_to feed her but hesitated, as it seemed too _25_ to offer
44、a service to a _26_. But then I realized that Kathys need was more _27_ than my discomfort. I offered to help her eat, and _28_ she was uncomfortable to accept, she _29_ as I expected. We became closer and closer in a short period of time. By the end of the five-hour trip, my heart had _30_, and the
45、_31_was really better spent than if I had just sat by myself. I was very glad I had reached _32_my comfort zone to sit next to Kathy and feed her. Love _33_flows beyond human borders and removes the fears that keep us _34_. When we _35_to serve another, we grow to live in a larger and more rewarding
46、 world.16. A. losingB. changingC. takingD. giving17. A. comfortableB. suitableC. availableD. favorable18. A. No problemB. No wayC. NowhereD. No doubt19 A. decidedB. wantedC. regrettedD. promised20. A. wasB. would beC. used to beD. had been21. A. treatmentB. travelC. pleasureD. business22. A. knowB.
47、sayC. realizeD. acknowledge23. A. eatB. feedC. chooseD. support24. A. offeringB. needingC. stoppingD. trying25. A. impoliteB. farC. closeD. fast26. A. girlB. neighborC. passengerD. stranger27. A. unusualB. directC. importantD. shameful28. A. whenB. althoughC. sinceD. as29. A. refusedB. wonderedC. cr
48、iedD. did30. A. warmedB. jumpedC. brokenD. cheered31. A. lifeB. moneyC. timeD. energy32. A. belowB. throughC. acrossD. beyond33. A. seldomB. neverC. hardlyD. sometimes34. A. separateB. independentC. silentD. upset35. A. happenB. stretchC. waitD. continue【答案】16. B 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. D 21. A 22. C
49、23. B 24. A 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. D 34. A 35. B【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在飞机上和一个胳膊上缠着石膏绷带的小女孩坐在一起。小女孩不能吃东西，作者本来对主动提出喂小女孩吃东西感到不自在，但是为了小女孩的需要，作者还是克服了自己的不适感，走出了舒适区，帮助了小女孩。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，一位空姐走过来问我：“你介意换一个座位吗?一对夫妇想坐在一起。”A. losing失去；B. changing改变；C. taking拿走；D. giving给；根据“A
50、couple would like to sit together.”可知，空姐想要我换一下座位，好让那对夫妻坐在一起。故选B项。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：唯一可座的座位旁边是一个女孩，她的手臂缠着石膏绷带，脸上青一块紫一块，表情很伤心。A. comfortable舒适的；B. suitable 适合的；C. available可用的；D. favorable有利的。只有那个小女孩旁边的座位是可以坐的。故选C项。【18题详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：“我可不想坐在那儿，”我立刻想到。A. No problem没问题；B. No way没门，决不；C. Nowhere任何地方都不；
51、D. No doubt毫无疑问。根据下文 “But a soft voice spoke, She needs help.”but表示语义转折，从中可以看出作者不想和那个小女孩坐在一起。故选B项。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我决定移到那个座位上去。A. decided决定；B. wanted想要；C. regretted后悔；D. promised答应。根据下文可知，作者最后还是决定和小女孩坐一起。故选A项。【20题详解】考查时态辨析。句意：她出了车祸，现在正在接受治疗。此题是考查不同时态的辨析。A. was是一般过去时；B. would be是过去将来时；C. used to
52、 be过去是；D. had been是过去完成时。后半句“now was on her way for 6 ”是一般过去时，前半句“她遇到了车祸”，应该是在这之前发生的动作，即是“过去的过去”，应该用过去完成时。故选D项。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她出了车祸，现在正在接受治疗。A. treatment治疗；B. travel旅行；C. pleasure快乐；D. business生意。根据上文“a girl with her arms in casts (石膏绷带)”可知，小女孩还在治疗中。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：零食和果汁送来后，我很快就意识到凯西不能自己
53、吃东西。A. know知道；B. say说；C. realize意识到；D. acknowledge承认。看到小女孩的样子，作者意识到她吃东西有困难。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：零食和果汁送来后，我很快就意识到凯西不能自己吃东西。A. eat吃；B. feed喂；C. choose选择；D. support支持。根据上文“a girl with her arms in casts (石膏绷带)”小女孩缠着石膏绷带，没法喂自己吃东西。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想主动提出喂她吃，但犹豫了。A. offering 主动提出；B. needing需要；C.
54、stopping停止；D. trying尝试。根据下文“I offered to help her eat”可知，作者考虑主动提出喂给她吃。故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想主动提出喂她吃，但犹豫了，因为向一个陌生人主动提供服务似乎太不礼貌了。A. impolite不礼貌的；B. far远的；C. close近的；D. fast快的。按常理，跟一个不认识的人，提出喂东西给她吃，是不合乎礼貌的。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为向陌生人主动提供服务似乎太不礼貌了。A. girl女孩； B. neighbor邻居；C. passenger乘客；D. stran
55、ger陌生人。作者并不认识那个小女孩，他们之间是陌生人。故选D项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但后来我意识到，凯西的需要比我的不舒服更重要。A. unusual不寻常的；B. direct直接的；C. important重要的；D. shameful可耻的。作者这时想更重要的是小女孩能够吃到东西。故选C项。【28题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然她感到不自在，但还是照我所期望的去做了。A. when当时候；B. although虽然；C. since既然；D. as当时候，因为。上一句说“she was uncomfortable”，后一句说“she 14 as I expect
56、ed.” 两个句子之间是让步关系，因此用although引导让步状语从句。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然她感到不自在，但还是照我所期望的取做了。A. refused拒绝；B. wondered想知道；C. cried哭；D. did做。此处did 是accepted的省略形式。根据下文“We became closer and closer”可知，小女孩最终还是接受了作者的帮助。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：5个小时的旅程结束时，我的心温暖了起来。A. warmed使温暖；B. jumped 跳；C. broken（心）碎；D. cheered欢呼。根据
57、下文“the 16 was really better spent than if I had just sat by myself.”作者觉得和小女孩在一起比自己一个人坐着要好得多，因此心里感到温暖。故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：（度过的）这段时间真的比我一个人坐着要好得多。A. life生命；B. money金钱；C. time时间；D. energy精力。根据上文“the five-hour trip”可知，作者觉得和小女孩在一起呆的这五个小时比自己一个人呆着好。故选C项。【32题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴自己已经走出了自己的舒适区，坐在凯西旁边喂她。 A.
58、 below在下面；B. through穿过；C. across 横穿，跨越；D. beyond在.范围外。根据上文“Kathys need was more 12 than my discomfort.”中的“discomfort”可知，作者本来对喂小女孩吃东西不自在，但现在到达了舒适区范围之外，走出了舒适区。故选D项。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：爱有时会超越人与人之间界线，消除让我们彼此阻隔的恐惧。A. seldom很少；B. never从不；C. hardly几乎不；D. sometimes有时。作者从自己的亲身经历中体会到，爱有时是会跨越界线的。故选D项。【34题详解】考查形
59、容词词义辨析。句意：爱有时会超越人与人之间的界线，消除让我们彼此互不相关的恐惧。A. separate分开的；B. independent独立的；C. silent沉默的；D. upset不安的。上文提到，作者和小女孩本来是陌生人，彼此应该是互不相关的人，但是作者表现出的爱心消除了这种隔阂。故选A项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们竭尽全力为他人服务时，我们就会生活在一个更大、更有价值的世界里。A. happen发生；B. stretch使竭尽所能，使全力以赴；C. wait等待；D. continue继续。上文提到，作者本来对喂陌生人吃东西感到不舒服，但是作者还是尽自己所能帮助小
60、女孩。故选B项。第II 卷语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。What will the city of the future look like? No one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business. But one thing is certain they are going to get bigger before they get smaller. In the future, care for the environment will become very impo
61、rtant as earths natural resources run out. We will use lots of _36_(recycle) materials, such as plastic, aluminum, steel, glass, wood and paper, and we will waste fewer natural resources. We will also have to rely more on _37_ (alternate) energy, such as solar and wind power. All this seems certain
62、_38_ there are plenty of things about city life in the future which are not certain.To find out_39_young people think about the future of urban life, a teacher at_40_ university in Texas in the United States asked his students to think how they would run a city of 50,000 people in the year 2015. Her
63、e are some of the ideas they had:Garbage ships To get rid of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun, _41_ (prevent) landfill and environmental problems.Forget smoking No smoking will be allowed within a future citys_42_ (limit). Smokin
64、g will be possible only outside cities, and outdoors.Batman Nets Police will arrest _43_(crime) by firing nets instead of guns.Telephones for life Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth _44_ will never change wherever they live.Recreation All forms of recreation, such as cinemas, bowling
65、, softball, concerts and others will be provided free _45_ charge by the city. Cars All cars will be powered by electricity, solar energy or wind, and it will be possible to change the colour of cars at the flick of a switch.【答案】36. recycled/recyclable 37. alternative 38. but 39. what 40. a 41. prev
66、enting 42. limits 43. criminals 44. which/that 45. of【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章作者描述了未来的城市生活。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：我们将使用大量的回收材料。分析句子，根据词性相互修饰原则，此处需将提示词变为形容词来修饰后面的名词materials。故填recycled/recyclable。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：我们也将不得不更多地依赖替代能源。分析句子，根据词性相互修饰原则，此处需将提示词变为形容词来修饰后面的名词energy。故填alternative。【38题详解】考查连词。句意：所有这些似乎都是确定无疑的，但关于未
67、来的城市生活，还有很多事情是不确定的。分析句子，根据划线前提到“这些似乎都是确定无疑的”，划线后又提到“未来的城市生活，还有很多事情是不确定的”可知，此处前后表示转折。故填but。【39题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：为了了解年轻人对未来城市生活的看法。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺“宾语”，此处应用连接代词。根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。【40题详解】考查冠词。句意：美国德克萨斯州一所大学的老师让他的学生思考如何在2015年管理一个5万人口的城市。分析句子，university 译为“大学”是可数名词，此处作单数表示泛指。所以需在其前加不定冠词。又因university以辅音因素开头。
68、故填a。【41题详解】考查非谓语。句意：为了解决垃圾问题，城市将用巨大的宇宙飞船装载垃圾并将它们送往太阳，防止垃圾填埋和环境问题。分析句子，提示词所处分句无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。prevent 和逻辑主语之间表示主动关系，所以此处需用doing做状语表示主动。故填preventing。【42题详解】考查名词复数。句意：在未来的城市范围内将禁止吸烟。分析句子，提示词可做名词译为“限制”，此处和前面的citys一起构成所属关系，同时此处表示复数。故填limits。【43题详解】考查名词复数。句意：警察会用网而不是枪来逮捕罪犯。分析句意，此处应表示警察逮捕“犯罪分子”。所以将crime改为cr
69、iminal译为“罪犯”，同时此处用表示复数表示泛指。故填criminals。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：每个人在出生时都会得到一个电话号码，无论他们住在哪里，这个号码都不会改变。分析句子，定语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词用关系代词。又因先行词指物“a telephone number”，故填that/which。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：所有形式的娱乐活动，如电影院、保龄球、垒球、音乐会和其他活动都将由市政府免费提供。分析句子，free of charge 译为“免费”是固定短语。故填of。单句填空 阅读下面句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。46. _(fort
70、une), all the equipment, computers and printers included, was destroyed in the big earthquake.47. Dont worry. Your blood pressures well within the normal r_.48. The apartment can _(提供住宿) three people comfortably.49. The sales assistants are trained to deal with customer _（抱怨、投诉) in a friendly manner
71、.50. The disease _(strike) the whole community recently, sometimes wiping out whole families.【答案】46. Unfortunately 47. range 48. accommodate 49. complaints 50. has struck/struck【解析】这是一道单句语法填空题目。【46题详解】考查副词。句意：不幸的是，所有的设备，包括电脑，打印机等都在这次大地震中被损毁了。此题考查副词做状语的用法，指后面发生的事情是不幸的事情。故填Unfortunately。【47题详解】考查名词。句意
72、：别担心，你的血压很好，在正常范围之内。这里指的是范围之内的东西，考查名词range的用法。故填range。【48题详解】考查动词。句意：这间公寓能够提供三个人舒适的居住环境。能够提供居住的地方用accommodate这一动词。故填accommodate。【49题详解】考查名词的数。句意：销售助理受训处理用一种友好的方式对待客户的抱怨。这里deal with customer指处理客户的某事情，此处用复数形式表示客户的抱怨很多，或者说很多种，故用复数complaints。故填complaints。【50题详解】考查现在完成时态。句意：最近，这种疾病袭击了整个社区，有时候全家患病的都有。这里根据
73、一个单词recently确定此事是最近发生的，影响到了现在，故用完成时态。也可以表示只是交代了过去发生的一件事，用过去时态struck。故填has struck/struck。第三部分 写作短文改错51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。短文中有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）, 并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2. 只允许修改10处,多者（从第11处起）不计分
74、。Dear Yang Hui,Ive heard youll have a two-weeks summer holiday and have decided to visit as much new places as possible. I dont think its a good idea. My friend Li Hua goes to Europe last July. He visited four countries, and stayed for only three days in each of the country. He was always in hurry.
75、Li Hua was neither on a train or a bus almost every day. When he returned back from Europe, he was very tiring. So I suggest that he travel to one country and visit only one city. Choose a city on the coast, or youll be able to have a good rest at the seaside.Best wishes!Yours,Wang Feng【答案】1. two-we
76、ekstwo-week2. muchmany 3. goeswent 4. countrycountries 5. in后加a 6. neithereither 7. 去掉back 8. tiringtired 9 heyou 10. orand【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。本文主要是通过讲述作者一个朋友李华的旅游经历，给他即将去度假的朋友提建议。【详解】1.考查合成形容词。句意：我听说你将有两个星期的暑假，并已决定尽可能多地参观新的地方。分析句子，由于two 与week之间加了连字符，成了一个形容词，所以week不用加s。故将weeks改为week。2.考查形容词。句意：并已决定尽可能多地
77、参观新的地方。分析句子，places为可数名词复数形式。much 修饰不可数名词，此处名词用了复数形式。故将much改为many。3.考查时态。句意：我的朋友李华去年七月去欧洲。分析句子，last July 是过去时的时间状语。故将goes改为went。4.考查名词复数。句意：他访问了四个国家，在每个国家只停留了三天。分析句子，country译为“国家”时是可数名词，前面有four修饰。所以此处必须表示名词的复数形式。故将country改为countries。5.考查介词。句意：他总是匆匆忙忙的。分析句子，in a hurry 译为“匆忙”，此处是固定短语。故在in和hurry间加a。6.考查
78、不定代词。句意：李华几乎每天不是坐火车就是坐公共汽车。分析句子，neithernor 既不是也不是；eitheror 要么要么。根据句意，此处应表示要么在火车上要么在公交汽车上。故将neither改为either.7.考查固定短语。句意：当他从欧洲回来时，他很累。分析句子，return from 译为“从回来”是固定短语。所以back多余，故将back去掉。8.考查形容词。句意：当他从欧洲回来时，他很累。分析句子，tiring 译为“令人疲惫的”，形容物质本身的性质；tired是形容人的感觉。分析句意，此处表示人做主语。故将tiring改为tired。9.考查代词。句意：所以我建议你去一个国家
79、, 只参观一个城市。分析句子，此处是给作者的朋友Yang Hui 提建议。所以人称代词使用有误。故将he改为you。10.考查连词。句意：选择一个海边的城市，你就可以在海边好好休息。分析句意，此处连词之间表示承接而非转折。故将or改为and。书面表达52.下面是某中学高一英语兴趣小组的一项活动：请同学们对 “良好的饮食习惯” 这一话题进行讨论。请根据下列提示，用英语写一篇发言稿。内容要点应包括： 部分同学的饮食习惯良好的饮食习惯个人看法不吃早餐爱吃零食和垃圾食品偏食，饮食过量等等三餐吃好饮食多样化饮食定时定量良好的饮食习惯重要性：有助于身体健康等等注意：(1) 发言稿必须包括所有内容要点，可适
80、当发挥；(2) 发言稿开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；(3) 词数：120词左右。Dear friends,As we all know, we are what we eat. Therefore, its very important for us to form healthy eating habits._Thats all. Thank you!【答案】Dear friends,As we all know, we are what we eat. Therefore, its very important for us to form healthy eating habits
81、. However, bad eating habits are still very common among us students. Some of us often go to school without breakfast; some like to have snacks; some others are particular about food; and still some eat or drink too much. All these bad habits will surely do harm to our health.To keep fit, we should
82、pursue various healthy diets, which generally include proper amounts of fish, meat, vegetables, fruit as well as main food. Besides, wed better have meals regularly.In my opinion, we should try to develop healthy eating habits to build up our strength. Only in this way can we better ourselves in bot
83、h physical and mental health. Thats all. Thank you!【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求写一篇关于“良好的饮食习惯”的讨论的发言稿。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文。时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。结构：总分法。要求：1.描述部分同学的饮食习惯包括：不吃早餐；爱吃零食和垃圾食品；偏食，饮食过量等等。2.解释良好的饮食习惯包括：三餐吃好；饮食多样化；饮食定时定量。3.个人的看法包括：良好的饮食习惯重要性：有助于身体健康等等。第二步：列提纲（重点短语）form healthy ; do harm to; pursue various h
84、ealthy diets第三步：连词成句1.Therefore, its very important for us to form healthy eating habits. 2.All these bad habits will surely do harm to our health.3.To keep fit, we should pursue various healthy diets, which generally include proper amounts of fish, meat, vegetables, fruit as well as main food.根据提示及
85、关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇1.表示文章结构顺序：描述部分同学的饮食习惯；解释良好的饮食习惯；个人的看法2. 表示并列补充关系：As we all know; Therefore; However; In my opinion第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯。复合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多的高端句式，如定语从句：To keep fit, we should pursue various healthy diets, which generally include proper amounts of fish, meat, vegetables, fruit as well as main food；倒装句：Only in this way can we better ourselves in both physical and mental health等文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。为文章增色添彩。