1、As British accent makes a speaker sound like a lady or a gentleman, so many people want to learn how to talk like the British.If you want to talk like the British, say “Cheers” rather than “Thanks” in informal (非正式的) conversations. Before I came to the UK., I only knew the meaning of “cheer” as “to
2、make someone happy or excited” as in the phrase “cheer up”. After I came to the UK., I noticed that they used “Cheers” much more often than “Thanks”. For example, in the UK., when people get off the bus, they would say “Cheers” with a strong British accent to thank the driver. Besides, my British ro
3、ommate also said “Cheers” to me when she asked me to pass something to her when we were cooking together. “Cheers” is frequently used by the British people in daily informal conversations for small favors, such as opening doors for you or lending you a pen. It is not as formal as “Thanks” or “Thank
4、you”， but is used rather frequently in daily conversations.Chinese students were taught at school that when a customer (顾客) went to a store, shop assistants would ask “What can I do for you？” However, I never heard the exact same expression when I was in the UK. No shop assistants would greet and fo
5、llow customers around as in China. Only when customers asked for help or looked like lost would shop assistants come up to them and ask “Are you all right？” It seemed like they were going to provide help, but customers would normally say “Yeah, thanks.” unless they really needed help. Interestingly,
6、 when I heard “Are you all right？” for the first time, I didnt know how to answer it and even explained that I was just looking around and I didnt need help. How embarrassing (尴尬的) it was!Section_Warming Up & Reading PrereadingTHE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISHAt the end of the 16th century, about five to s
7、even million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or
8、a foreign language than ever before.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English. Look at this example：British Betty: Would you like to see my flat?American Amy: Yes. Id like to come up to your apartment.at the end of在尽头；在结束时nearly adv.几乎；接近；差不多v
9、oyage vIId n航行；航海make a voyage/voyages to航海/航行去conquer kk(r) vt.征服；占领because of因为；由于native neItIv adj.本国的；本地的n.本地人；本国人be native to原产于(be home to)even ifeven though“即使”，引导让步状语从句。would like to do sth.想要做某事come up走近；上来；被提出apartment ptmnt n美公寓住宅；单元住宅flat英公寓套房通向现代英语之路第14段译文16世纪末，大约有500万到700万人说英语。这些人几乎都生活
10、在英国。后来，在17世纪，英国人开始出海远航以征服世界其他地区。于是，许多别的国家开始说英语。如今，说英语的人比以往任何时候都多，有的作为第一语言来说，有的作为第二语言或一门外语。以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。请看这个例子：英国人贝蒂：你想看一下我的公寓吗？美国人艾米：好的，我很乐意到你的公寓去。So why has English changed over time？ Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At
11、 first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke f
12、irst Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were ta
13、ken to Australia too. English began to be spoken in both countries.over timeas time goes by随着时间的推移actually ktlI adv.实际上；事实上in fact事实上；实际上communicate with sb.与某人交流when引导时间状语从句，从句中and连接两个并列的谓语动词meet和communicate。过去分词短语spoken .作后置定语，修饰the English。be different from与不同base beIs vt.以为根据n.基部；基地；基础be based o
14、n 以为基础we speak at present为定语从句，修饰先行词the English，从句中省略了关系代词that/which。at present现在；目前gradually rdlI adv.逐渐地；逐步地gradual rdl adj.逐渐的；逐步的rule vt.统治n.规则Danish deInI n丹麦语adj.丹麦的；丹麦人的；丹麦语的enrich InrIt vt.使富裕；充实；改善en是一个常见的构成及物动词的前缀。如：enlarge使扩大。especially adv.尤其；特别vocabulary vkbjlrI n词汇；词汇量；词表make use of利用；
15、使用第5段译文那么，随着时间的推移，英语为什么会变化呢？事实上，当不同文化互相交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所变化、有所发展。起初，大约在公元450年到公元1150年之间，英国人所说的英语与人们现在所说的英语有很大的不同。当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。然后，渐渐地，大约在公元800年到公元1150年之间，英语就不那么像德语了，因为那些统治英国的人开始讲丹麦语，后来又讲法语。这些新的定居者丰富了英语语言，尤其是英语词汇。所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。1620年一些英国移民到了美国。后来在18世纪，也有一些英国人被带到了澳大利亚。(于是)这两个国
16、家的人开始说英语了。Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English s
17、pelling.English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English became the language for government and education. English is also spoken in
18、Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.settle v确定；解决；定居spelling
19、 spelI n拼写；拼法latter lt adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的the former . the latter .前者后者identity aIdenttI n本身；本体；身份；特征identity card身份证fluent flunt adj.流利的；流畅的be fluent in在方面流利的Singapore sIp(r) n新加坡(东南亚国家)Malaysia mleIzI n马来西亚(东南亚国家)；马来群岛such as例如；像这种的the number of .的数量/数目，“the number of复数名词”作主语时，句子的谓语动词用单数。a number
20、 of许多；大量，“a number of复数名词”作主语时，句子的谓语动词用复数。learning English in China为现在分词作后置定语，修饰people。第67段译文最后到19世纪这种语言定型了。那时，英语在拼写上发生了两大变化：首先塞缪尔约翰逊编写了一本词典，后来，诺厄韦伯斯特编纂了美国英语词典。后者体现了美式英语拼写的不同特征。如今英语在南亚也被当作一门外语或第二语言来使用。例如，印度拥有众多英语讲得十分流利的人，这是因为英国从1765年到1947年统治着印度。在那期间，英语成了官方语言和教育用语。在新加坡、马来西亚和非洲的一些国家，例如南非，人们也说英语。如今学英语的
21、中国人在迅速增多。事实上，中国或许是世界上英语学习者最多的国家。将来中式英语会不会形成自己的特征呢？这个问题只能由时间来回答了。PrereadingPlease match the words with their proper meanings.1official adj.A本身；本体；身份2native adj.& n.B常常；频繁地 3actually adv.C官方的；正式的；公务的4base vt.& n.D逐渐地；逐步地5gradually adv.E流利的；流畅的6vocabulary n.F以为根据；基部；基地；基础7spelling n.G拼写；拼法 8identity n.
22、H本国的；本地的；本地人；本国人9fluent adj.I实际上；事实上10frequently adv.J词汇；词汇量；词表15_610_答案：15CHIFD610JGAEB Leadin1How much do you know about English?(1)It_is_the_official_language_of_many_countries,_such_as_America,_England,_Canada_and_so_on.(2)It_has_a_long_history.(3)There_are_mainly_two_kinds_of_English：American_E
23、nglish_and_British_English.(4)Many_Chinese_are_learning_English.2Do you know that there is more than one kind of English in the world?3Match the words that have the same meaning.petrolAeraserflatBgascolorCapartmentliftDelevatorrubberEhonourhonorFcolourpicturesGmoviesundergroundHsubway_答案： BCFDA EGHW
24、hilereadingFastreadingSkim the text and choose the best answers.1Whats the main idea of the text?AHow to learn English well.BThe history of the English language.CThe differences between old English and modern English.DEnglish is widely used all over the world.答案：B2Find out the main idea of each para
25、graph.(1)Paragraph 1Athe example of the difference between different native English speakers(2)Paragraphs 24Bwide use of English(3)Paragraph 5CEnglish is a language spoken all around the world(4)Paragraph 6Dwhy English has changed over time(5)Paragraph 7EEnglish was settled(1)(5)_答案：(1)(5)BADECCaref
26、ulreadingRead the reading passage carefully and choose the best answers according to the text.1At the end of 16th century, about _ people spoke English.Afive to six millionBfive to seven millionCsix to seven millionDseven to eight million2If people speak different kinds of English, they _.Acant comm
27、unicate with each otherBcan only be understood by those who speak the same kind of EnglishCcant be understood by foreignersDcan understand each other3From the text, we know _.Aonly English changed over timeBall languages will change when cultures meetCall English words were from FrenchDfewer and few
28、er Chinese people are learning English4Why do more people speak English?ABecause it is an international language.BBecause it has the largest number of speakers.CBecause it is easy to learn.DBecause it always stays the same.答案：14BDBAStudyreadingAnalyze the following sentences in the text that may be
29、difficult to understand.1Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.句式分析本句为and连接的并列句。在第一个分句中，Later in the next century为时间状语，动词不定式短语to conquer other parts of the world为目的状语；在第二
30、个分句中介宾短语because of that为原因状语。尝试翻译后来，在17世纪，英国人开始出海远航以征服世界其他地区。于是，许多别的国家开始说英语。2At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.句式分析尝试翻译起初，大约在公元450年到公元1150年之间，英国人所说的英语与人们现在所说的英语有很大的不同。3Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, En
31、glish became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.句式分析尝试翻译然后，渐渐地，大约在公元800年到1150年之间，英语就不那么像德语了，因为那些统治英国的人开始讲丹麦语，后来又讲法语。.阅读理解AIf you want to become a fluent English speaker you should take some advice: There are four skills in learning English.They are r
32、eading, listening, speaking, and writing. The most important thing you must remember is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills you should first master the skills of reading and listening.Read as much as you can.But your reading must be active.It means that you must think about
33、the meaning of the sentence, the meaning of the unfamiliar words, etc.There is no need for you to pay much attention to grammars or try to understand all the unfamiliar words you come across, but the fact that you see them for the first time and recognize them whenever you see them, for example in o
34、ther passages or books, is enough. It would be better to prepare yourself a notebook so you can write down the important words or sentences in it.As for listening, there are two choices: besides reading, you can listen every day for about 30 minutes.You can only pay attention to your reading and bec
35、ome skillful at your reading, then you can catch up on your listening.Since you have lots of inputs in your mind, you can easily guess what the speaker is going to say.This never means that you should not practice listening.For listening you can listen to cartoons or some movies that are specially m
36、ade for children.Their languages are easy.Or if you are good at listening you can listen to VOA or BBC programs every day.Again the thing to remember is being active in listening and preferably raking some notes.If you follow these pieces of advice, your speaking and writing will improve automatical
37、ly (自动地), and you can be sure that with a little effort they will become perfect.语篇解读：如果你要说一口流利的英语，首先应该掌握的技能是：读和听。1According to the author, which should you improve first among the four skills?AReading and listening.BReading and writing.CWriting and speaking.DSpeaking and listening.解析：选A细节理解题。由第一段最后
38、一句可知，作者认为要想提高说和写的能力，首先要掌握读和听。2The author seems to agree with the view that _.Aeveryone should listen to VOA or BBC programs every dayByou neednt practice listening if you keep on reading every dayCbeing good at reading is helpful in improving your listeningDyou should take notes of whatever you are
39、hearing解析：选C推理判断题。由第三段第二句可知，作者认为多阅读有助于提高听力。3The passage is mainly about how to _.Achoose suitable listening materialsBdeal with new words in readingCimprove your English as quickly as possibleDbecome fluent in speaking and writing English解析：选D主旨大意题。文章第一句话便点明主题，接着用大量篇幅阐述了如何通过提高阅读和听力技能，从而带动说和写的技能，成为a
40、fluent English speaker。BThat woman carried a new blanket (毛毯) over her arm. Wordlessly, she gave it to me.“Is it finished？” I asked.She shook her head.“No. It is ready，” she replied. I handed her the money and took the blanket.“It is beautiful, so skillfully woven (编织)，” I said to my mother.“But wha
41、t did she mean when she said it was not finished? How can it be ready if it is not finished？”“I will tell you later，” my mother said, “but first I will take you to the Navajo village.”We went down to the village. A group of young men were making sand pictures. We walked through the whole village, wa
42、tching the different things the people were doing.It was not until that evening that my mother finally explained the Navajo womans words.“Did you notice anything about the things the people were making？” my mother asked.“What should I have noticed？” I looked at her and asked.“Each thing the Navajo m
43、ake has one small part that is not complete. The designs (设计) in their sand pictures are often not perfectly done, for example the line of a circle may not quite close. If you look carefully at your blanket, you will probably find a stitch (一针) missing.”I took the blanket off, but it looked as perfe
44、ct as any design could be. Then suddenly, I noticed that sure enough a stitch was missing!“But why do the Navajo intentionally leave some tiny part unfinished？” I asked.“They believe that when anything is completed or finished, it means the end has come it will not be perfect until then. Then too, w
45、ith a circle, they believe that they must leave a pathway for the bad spirits to run away and the good spirits to come in. So, often, they do not make the line close.”语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者通过讲述自己购买的一条毛毯向我们介绍了纳瓦霍人奇特的文化。4The blanket the author received _.Awas poorly wovenBmade her think a lotCcost her a lot o
46、f moneyDwas finished, but not ready解析：选B细节理解题。由第四段中作者所说的“How can it be ready if it is not finished？”可知，既然还没有完工，怎么能说好了呢？这让作者思绪万千，故选B项。5Why was the author shown around the village?ATo buy more things made by the Navajo.BTo make friends with some of the Navajo.CTo have a deeper understanding of the Nav
47、ajo.DTo look for the woman who sold her the blanket.解析：选C细节理解题。由第六段中的“We walked . watching the different things the people were doing.”和第八段中的“Did you notice . the people were making？”可知，作者的母亲带她到村子里转一转是为了让她对纳瓦霍人有更深的了解，故选C项。6Which of the following may the Navajo believe?AA stitch in time is very impor
48、tant.BLife only becomes perfect when you die.CHe who makes no mistake is a perfect man.DYou must always try to make your life complete.解析：选B推理判断题。由最后一段中的“They believe that when anything is completed or finished, it means the end has come it will not be perfect until then.”可知，纳瓦霍人会认为人只有死亡之后其人生才会变得完美，
49、故选B项。CEnglish has surely become the global language.Whenever we turn on the news to find out whats happening in East Asia, or Africa, or anywhere, people are being interviewed and telling us about it in English.If people look at the facts about the amazing reach of the English language, many would b
50、e surprised.English is used in over 90 countries as an official or semiofficial language.English is the working language of many international institutes (研究所) as well as of most international research scientists.It is also the language that Indian parents and black parents wish their children to le
51、arn.It is believed that over one billion people worldwide are now learning English.One of the most important causes of the spread of English around the world is that Europeans are willing to accept it as their language.English is spreading from northern Europe to the south and is now the second lang
52、uage in countries such as Sweden, Norway, Netherlands and Denmark.If one visits any of them, it would seem that almost everyone there can talk in English.Recently, a report said that at the beginning of 2001, English was the most widely known foreign language with 43% of Europeans saying they spoke
53、it.The report also said that with over 89% of the population speaking English，Sweden now has the highest percentage of English speakers.Whats more, English is the language rated as most useful to know, and over 77% of Europeans who do not speak English as their first language consider it useful.语篇解读
54、：本文是说明文，主要讲述了英语在世界上的广泛使用。7By writing this passage, the writer mainly wants to tell us _.Awhy so many people speak English around the worldBthat English has become a language spoken all over the worldCabout the development of English in EuropeDsomething about the Englishspeaking countries解析：选B主旨大意题。根
55、据本文的第一句“English has surely become the global language.”以及后文的具体描述可知，作者主要想告诉我们，英语是目前世界的通用语言。8According to the passage, what has played an important role in spreading English around the world?AThat governments have asked their people to learn it in school.BThat English is the most beautiful language in
56、 the world.CThat Europeans are willing to accept English as their language.DThat people have to use English in their work.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段的“One of the most important causes of the spread of English around the world is that Europeans are willing to accept it as their language.”可知C正确。9What does the un
57、derlined word “rated” in the last paragraph mean?AStood.BAgreed.CConsidered.DArgued.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据语境以及最后一句的“consider it useful”可知，rate在这里意为“认为；看作”。10What can we learn from the passage?ABlack parents dont want their children to learn English.BEnglish is used in over 90 countries as an official languag
58、e.CNot all international research scientists speak English at work.DEnglish has become the most important language in Sweden.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段的“English is the working language .as well as of most international research scientists.”可知，并不是所有的国际研究科学人员工作时都使用英语。.阅读七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
59、选项。Once there was a very poor villager. He found it difficult even to support his family. _1_ He walked about in the streets, but he did not get a job. One day, he met a rich businessman, who gave him the job of cleaning the office. The villager began his work and he even started reading and writing
60、 in his spare time.One day, the businessman saw that the villager was writing something. He said, “You can also read and write! Your handwriting is very good.” _2_ The villager began to do this job as best as he could.Later, the businessman learnt that the villager was good at accounting, and he mad
61、e him his shop accountant (会计). The other accountants were very jealous of the villagers abilities. They told the businessman that the villager had a small room where he hid the money stolen from him. _3_One day, they had their chance. They saw the villager going into “that” room. _4_ When they came
62、 back and opened the door, there was nothing in that room except an ordinary box.The villager was ordered to open the box with his own hands. And there was only a pair of dirty shoes and some old clothes. _5_ At the same time, he was so angry with the jealous accountants that he fired (解雇) them at o
63、nce. The villager was made the only accountant for his office.AHe came to a big city hoping to find a job.BThey closed the door behind him and ran to the businessman.CSo the businessman decided to give the villager a good lesson.DSeeing this, the businessman was moved by what he had seen.ESo the villager was given the work of writing business letters for him.FThe villager wished that some kind people might give him a good job.GBut the businessman refused to believe them unless he had seen it with his own eyes.答案：15AEGBD