1、课时分层作业(十二).阅读理解AIt is important to learn business English if you are going to successfully communicate with others.If a university offers a course on business English，it will be a good idea to take the class.Reading，writing and speaking English is necessary to start a business.Vocabulary and grammar
2、 are a good place to start learning business English.You need to know what words mean.Later，try to pronounce the words and use them in a sentence and ask someone who is good at English to help you.In business you will have to learn such things as taking messages，answering the phones with proper word
3、s and communicating with your coworkers.You may have to learn how to make travel plans.Business English is very different from spoken English.Grammar is the same but you have to learn things like expressing yourself in a proper manner or maybe making a report in your office.If you are working in the
4、 customer service sector，you really have to learn business English.Dealing with the public is sometimes more important than asking your boss for a raise.Most businesses offer training classes and some companies offer classes on how to do the job with proper business English.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。如果你想成功地与他人
5、交流，学习商务英语是很重要的。文章主要介绍了商务英语的重要性，需要具备的能力，以及商务英语和口语的一些区别等情况。1Why do people learn business English?AThey want successful communication.BThey want to ask the boss for a raise.CThey want to have their own company.DThey will have a chance to get a better job.A细节理解题。根据第一段中“It is important to learn business
6、English if you are going to successfully communicate with others.”可知，人们学习商务英语是因为他们想要成功的沟通。故选A。2We can learn from the text that business English Ais much more difficult than daily EnglishBpays more attention to the forms of expressionsCis required by most international companiesDcan give you a hand w
7、hen dealing with peopleB细节理解题。根据第二段中“Grammar is the same but you have to learn things like expressing yourself in a proper manner or maybe making a report in your office.”可知，商务英语更注重表达的形式。故选B。3Whats the text mainly about?AThe development of business English.BThe tips on learning business English.CThe
8、 introduction to business English.DThe comparison between business English and daily English.C主旨大意题。根据第一段中“It is important to learn business English if you are going to successfully communicate with others.”可知，这篇文章的主要内容是介绍商务英语。故选C。4The following language skills are mentioned of business English EXCE
9、PT AlisteningBreadingCspeakingDwritingA细节理解题。根据第一段中“Reading，writing and speaking English is necessary to start a business.”可知，商务英语需要具备读、写、说的能力，只有A选项“听”文章没有提及。故选A。BEveryone knows booking all your accommodation with the same hotel chain earns loyalty points，which can be traded for free stays and the o
10、ccasional bottles of wine.Now a study shows that there could be performance benefits too.People often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings.This is a phenomenon known to psychologists as the “firstnight” effect.This is because if a person stays in the same room th
11、e following night，he or she tends to sleep more soundly.Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University in Providence，Rhode Island，set out to investigate the origins of this effect.Dr.Sasaki knew the firstnight effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved.The puzzle was in what way
12、 it can be beneficial.She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators.This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing and feeling tired
13、 the next day as a result.To take a closer look，the team studied 35 young and healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the universitys Department of Psychological Sciences.The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored each time with ne
14、uroimaging techniques that looked at the activity of their brains.Their heart rates，muscle and eye movements were also recorded.Dr.Sasaki found that，as expected，the participants slept worse on their first night in the lab than they did on their second，taking more than twice as long to fall asleep an
15、d sleeping less overall.During deep sleep，the participants brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins.More specifically，on the first night only，the left brain did not sleep as deeply as the right brain did.Wondering if the left brains indeed remained awake to process information d
16、etected in the surrounding environment，Dr.Sasaki reran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night.She worked out that，if the left brain stayed alert to keep guard in a strange
17、 environment，then it would react to the random beeps by waking people up and would ignore the regularly timed ones.This is precisely what she found.Based upon these feelings，Dr.Sasaki argues in Current Biology that the firstnight effect is a mechanism that has evolved to function as something of a n
18、eurological night watchman to wake people up when they hear noises when sleeping in an unfamiliar environment.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕着睡眠环境和研究者的调查内容与结论展开叙述，说明人的睡眠与睡眠环境很有关系。5What puzzled the researchers about the firstnight effect?AWhat role it has played in evolution.BWhat benefit can be gained from it.C
19、To what extent it can affect people.DThe relationship between it and circumstances.B细节理解题。根据第三段中“The puzzle was in what way it can be beneficial.(问题在于它能以何种方式让人受益)”可知，让研究人员困惑的是“初夜”效应会给人带来什么益处。故选B。6When doing the new research，Dr.Yuka Sasaki Aconducted studies on young and old peopleBgot some ideas fro
20、m previous studies on birds and dolphinsCfound birds and dolphins had nearly the same sleeping patternsDfound half of birds and dolphins brains remain awake while asleepB细节理解题。根据第三段中“She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep
21、 at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators.This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing and feeling tired the next day as a result.”可知，她还从之前对鸟类和海豚的研究中了解到，这些动物每次会让一半的大脑处于睡眠状态，这样它们就可以休息，同时保持足够的警觉以躲避捕食者。这让她怀疑人们是否会因为做同样的事情而在第二天感到疲劳。由此可知，Yuka Sasaki
22、博士在进行这项新研究时，从以前对鸟类和海豚的研究中得到了一些想法，故选B。7What did Dr.Sasaki do when she reran the experience?AShe analyzed the negative effects of irregular tones on brains.BShe recorded the participants adaptation to changed environment.CShe exposed the participants to two different kinds of noises.DShe compared the
23、responses of male and female participants.C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Wondering if the left brains indeed remained awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment，Dr.Sasaki reran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps of the same tone a
24、nd irregular beeps of a different tone during the night.”可知，Yuka Sasaki博士想知道左脑是否真的保持清醒来处理从周围环境中检测到的信息，于是他重新进行了实验，同时让睡眠中的参与者在夜间同时听定时响起音调不变的嘀声，和随机响起音调各异的嘀声。由此可知，Yuka Sasaki博士在重新实验时，让参与者接触两种不同的噪音。故选C。8What did Dr.Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?AThey differed in their tolerance of
25、irregular tones.BThey tended to regard irregular beeps as a threat.CThey felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps.DThey tended to enjoy certain tones more than others.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“She worked out that，if the left brain stayed alert to keep guard in a strange environment，then it would react to the
26、 random beeps by waking people up and would ignore the regularly timed ones.This is precisely what she found.”可知，Sasaki博士在实验中发现当人们在陌生环境中睡觉时，左半侧大脑保持清醒以警惕陌生环境，对随机发出的嘀声有所反应将人们从睡眠中叫醒，并且同时会忽略定时发出的嘀嘀声。可以推断出，人们会把随机发出的嘀声视作一个威胁。故选B。.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。A friend of mine whose name was Joh
27、n Smith had a bad memory，which made him famous.He was so forgetful that he sometimes forgot what he was talking about in the middle of a sentence.His wife had to constantly(经常地)remind him about his meetings，his classes，even his meals! Once he forgot he had eaten breakfast twice，at home and at school
28、.His wife liked to remind her neighbors，“If John didnt have his head tied on，he would forget that too！” Since Smith was a professor at a wellknown university，his forgetfulness was often an embarrassment to him.It wasnt that he was not clever，as some critical people tended to say，but just very，very a
29、bsentminded.One hot summer day，Prof.Smith decided to take his children to a seaside town about a threehour train ride away.To make the trip more interesting for his young children，he kept the name of the town a secret.However，by the time they arrived at the station，Smith forgot the name of the town
30、he was planning to visit.Luckily，a friend of his happened to be in the station.He offered to take care of the children while Smith hurried back home to find out where he was going.The professors wife was surprised to see him again so soon. “Oh，my dear，I forgot the name of the town.” “What? You forgo
31、t the name? Maybe one day you will forget my name! Now Ill write the name of that town on a piece of paper，and you put it in your pocket and please，please dont forget where you put it.”Satisfied that she had solved the problem，she sent her husband off again.Ten minutes later she was astonished to se
32、e him outside the house for the third time.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2请按如下格式作答。“What is the matter now？” asked his wife. Hearing the cry，out rushed their neighbors，trying to find out what had happened. 【参考范文】“What is the matter now？” asked his wife. “I just cant remember why I come back and where I am suppos
33、ed to be going on such a hot summer day.” replied the professor.However，the real reason was that he forgot where he had left his children.Sensing something wrong，Mrs.Smith didnt believe his words，because whenever he told a lie，he would blink his eyes usually quickly.“Tell me the truth，” ordered his
34、wife.“As you told me，I didnt forget where I put the name of that town，but I forget the station where I left our children！” Whispered the professor，his voice trembling.“What a bad memory！” shouted the wife.Hearing the cry，out rushed their neighbors，trying to find out what had happened. A fight betwee
35、n the couple was about to start when the professors cell phone began to ring.His friend phoned to complain.The professor apologized，got into his car and drove away，leaving behind a bunch of people outside the house.Being afraid that he would make matters worse again，Mrs.Smith decided to follow him，who then called a taxi.By the time she caught up with her husband，the children were already back home safe and sound.