1、第二部分 语法知识贯通专题二 非谓语动词高考帮备考方向导航1.2020全国,66Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin.2.2020全国,63They represent the earth (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.3.2020全国,68They are easy (care) for and make great
2、 presents.4.2020浙江,60Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology (change) lives.5.2020天津,14The dancers incredible performance had the audience on its feet (clap) for 10 minutes at the end of the show.6.2020北京,8A piece of stone (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our e
3、xtinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. 7.2020浙江1月,60The first is declining birth rates, which means old generations are large(compare) to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes olderthan before. 8.2019全国,70 On the last day of ou
4、r week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars,(listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 9.2019天津,4 (learn)to think critically is an important skill todays children will need for the future.10.2018全国,63You may drink, s
5、moke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of(die) early by running.11.2018全国,64Another reason for corns rise:The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice (improve) water quality.12.2020全国改错My mom told me how to preparing it. 13.2019全国改错All the football players on the playgroun
6、d cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football.14.2018全国改错My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. 习思用语法特训一、单句填空1.Wearing the correct clothes for different occasions was very important, despite it meant (change) clothes five or six times a day.2.As more people ar
7、e deciding not (eat) meat and animal products,vegetarianism(素食主义)is becoming one rising trend in the UK.3.We can also remind teenagers that we should wash our hands and follow other heath advice not only (protect) ourselves, but also to help to ease the stress. 4.According to research (publish) in t
8、he American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, people who ate more red meat or processed meat in their diet had a higher chance of dying from a long-lasting disease. 5.Sadly, his team arrived at Qomolangma Base Camp, only (inform) that all journeys had been stopped because of an avalanche(雪崩) that had k
9、illed 16 people.6.An international team (lead) by scientists of the university has developed the worlds first 3D artificial eye with better capabilities than any other existing bionic(能力超人的) eyes, (bring) new hope to patients with visual impairment(视力受损). 7.For me,I could not resist this opportunity
10、(experience) the life of a Chinese employee and learn so much about Chinese culture.8.(Consider) that vocabulary errors often lead to communicating obstacles, teachers should pay special attention to students vocabulary errors. 9.Teresa Amabile of Harvard Business School has spent more than a decade
11、 (study) the work habits of 238 people, collecting a total of 12,000 diary entries among them. 10.He encouraged the students (study) science and contribute to the development of China.二、单句改错1.Sometimes a smile is so powerful that it gives people suffer from disasters great courage. 2.Most Chinese ch
12、ildrens books are too hard for foreigners like me. Itll be discouraging to read books of this kind, especially those chose at random. 3.It all started when I was given a smartphone in the eighth grade by a good friend. I became fond of watching movies, chat online and playing addictive games. 4.Do s
13、ports every day can keep us active all day long, help us build up our body and reduce the risk of diseases. 5.After having some photos taking, we returned to school on foot. 6.Seen that there is often poor visibility, the site chosen as an airport is not appropriate. 三、语法写作迁移练完成句子,注意运用适当的非谓语动词形式。1.2
14、020全国In order to release (由我们的学习造成的压力), I went to Xingxing Farm (摘一些橘子) together with my classmates last weekend. 2.2020全国(沐浴在阳光下), we sang and laughed while picking oranges. 3.2020天津5月I also(喜欢看一些有趣的)English films on the Internet, which helps(提高我的听说技能). 4.2020江苏All these efforts made the inaccessib
15、le things about China (很容易被外国观众理解) . 5.2019全国 (了解到中国画展览将要举办)at the gallery next month, I am writing to apply (成为一名志愿者).答 案专题二非谓语动词1.to finduse sth. to do sth.使用来做某事。故填不定式to find。ing句中已有谓语动词represent,空处应填非谓语动词。the earth和come 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,且不表将来,所以填coming。3.to care此处考查Sth.+be +adj.+to do 结构。注意此处用不定式的主动形
16、式表达被动意义。4.to change根据语境可知,农业使人们首次体验到科技改变生活的力量,此处用动词不定式作定语。5.clapping分析句子结构并根据句意可知,此处是have sb. doing sth.结构,故填clapping。6.found此处表示在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头。分析句子结构可知,主句谓语为suggests,主句主语为A piece of.beach,设空处需用非谓语,find和stone之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。故填found。pared 分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语动词,且compare与逻辑主语old generations是动宾关系,故填compared。comp
17、ared to也可看作固定结构,意为与相比,作状语。8.listeninglisten与其逻辑主语we之间是主谓关系,此处应用动词-ing作伴随状语。9.Learning句意:学会批判性地思考是当今儿童未来所需的一项重要技能。分析句子结构可知,主句的谓语动词是is,is之前的内容是主语,故此处应用动词-ing短语作主语,表示一般性的陈述概念,故用动词-ing。10.dyingreduce ones risk of.意为降低某人的风险, 介词of后应用动词-ing作宾语。11.to improve句意:玉米(产量)增加的另一个原因:为了改善水质,政府鼓励农民种玉米代替水稻。根据句意并分析句子结构
18、可知,空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。12.preparingprepare此处为how+不定式结构,作told的宾语。13.saysaying句中的say与句子主语是逻辑上的主谓关系,且其表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生,应用动词-ing作状语,表示伴随状况。14.sellselling介词by后面应接动词-ing作宾语。一、单句填空1.changing句意:在不同的场合穿着恰当的衣服是非常重要的,尽管这意味着一天要换五六次衣服。mean doing sth.意味着做某事,符合句意。2.to eat句意:随着越来越多的人决定不吃肉和动物制品,素食主义在英国正成为一种上升趋势。decide(not)
19、 to do sth.决定(不)做某事,为固定结构。3.to protect句意:我们还可以提醒青少年,我们应该洗手并且遵从其他健康建议,不仅为了保护自己,也为了帮助缓解压力。空格所在句已有谓语,故空处应用非谓语动词。根据句意,此处表示目的。not only.but also.连接两个并列的动词不定式短语作目的状语。4.published句意:根据发表在美国临床营养学杂志上的一项研究,饮食中食用较多红肉或加工肉类的人死于长期疾病的概率更高。空处作后置定语修饰research,publish与其逻辑主语research之间为动宾关系,用过去分词,表示被发表。5.to be informed逗号前
20、的句子中已有谓语动词arrived,逗号后无连词,故空格处用非谓语动词;根据语境以及空前的only可知,空处用不定式作结果状语表示一种意料之外的结果。inform与句子主语his team为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用不定式的被动式。6.led;bringing分析句子结构可知,An international team为主语,has developed为谓语,句中已有主谓结构,所以设空处均应用非谓语动词。因team与lead为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用其过去分词作后置定语,表示被领导。bring与前面整个句子所表述的事情为逻辑上的主谓关系, 故用动词-ing作伴随状语。7.to experience句
21、中已有谓语could not resist,故空处用非谓语动词;由语境可知,此处用来修饰名词opportunity,故用不定式作后置定语。 8.Considering句意:考虑到词汇错误往往会导致交际障碍,教师应该格外关注学生的词汇错误。considering that为固定结构,意为考虑到,就而论。9.studyingspend time (in) doing sth.为固定句型,意为花费时间做某事。此处省略了介词in,更要注意要用动词-ing形式。10.to study句意: 他鼓励学生学习科学,为中国的发展作贡献。此处考查encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事,因
22、此空处应用动词不定式作宾补。二、单句改错1.suffersuffering句意:有时一个微笑(的力量)如此强大,以至于它能给遭受灾难的人们很大的勇气。so.that引导结果状语从句,从句主语为it,谓语动词为gives,间接宾语为people,直接宾语为courage,所以suffer应该用非谓语动词形式。people 和suffer是逻辑上的主谓关系,且不表示将来的动作,故应用动词-ing作后置定语。2.chosechosen分析句子结构及句意可知,those 后的成分作定语,应该用非谓语动词形式。动词choose与those之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词作后置定语。choose的过去
23、式是chose,过去分词是chosen。 3.chatchatting and连接三个并列成分,根据watching和playing可知,此处应用动词-ing形式作介词of的宾语。4.DoDoing分析句子结构可知,can前的内容作主语,故用动词-ing作主语。5.takingtaken此处考查使役动词have的用法,应用非谓语动词作宾补,又因take与其逻辑主语some photos之间是动宾关系,故用过去分词表示被动和完成。6.SeenSeeing句意:鉴于这里能见度经常欠佳,所以这个位置选为机场是不合适的。seeing that为固定结构,意为鉴于,由于,因为 。三、语法写作迁移练1.the pressure resulting from our study; to pick some oranges 2.Bathed in sunshine3.enjoy watching some interesting; (to) improve my listening and speaking skills4.easily understood by the foreign audience5.Knowing an exhibition of Chinese paintings will be held;to become a volunteer