1、Unit 2 Section .单句语法填空1.He is a successful businessman; he owes his success more to luck than to ability.解析：句意：他是一个成功的商人，他把他的成功更多地归功于运气而不是能力。oweto把归功于，符合句意。2.I wasnt blaming anyone; I merely(mere) said errors like this could be avoided.解析：句意：我当时不是在责怪谁，我只是说像这样的错误是可以避免的。merely仅仅，只是，副词修饰动词。3.Be reasona
2、ble(reason)you cant expect me to finish all this work in so little time.解析：句意：要讲道理，你不能指望我在这么短的时间里一个人干所有的工作。reasonable合理的；通情达理的,形容词作表语。4.Workers tried in vain to keep the building from collapsing.解析：句意：工人们试图不让房子倒塌，但白费力气。 in vain枉费心机，白费力气。5.He was absorbed in his work so he didnt bother to ask（ask）whe
3、re his son went.解析：句意：他专心工作，没有费心问他儿子去哪了。bother操心，bother to do 操心/费心做某事。6.Chinese identify with Xi Dada and believe in him because his words have struck hope and confidence into their hearts.解析：句意：中国人认同习大大，因为他的话使人民感觉有希望和信心。strikeinto ones heart使刻骨铭心，固定短语。7.It wasnt until 2 hours later after the opera
4、tion that he was brought(bring) back to life.解析：句意：手术后两个小时，他才苏醒过来。was brought表示对主语而言是被动的动作。8.He couldnt resist showing(show) off his new car.解析：句意：他忍不住炫耀他的新车。 cant resist doing忍不住做某事。9.Diversity in a group means having(have) animals with their genes arranged(arrange) in different ways.解析：句意：群体的多样性是指
5、这群动物的基因要以不同的方式排列。mean doing意味着做某事；with+宾语+过去分词 结构，过去分词表示被动的动作。10.We should pass on the good traditions to the next generations.解析：句意：我们要把好传统传递给下一代。pass onto把传递给。.单句改错1.With so many problems, the president will have a hard time.解析：句意：有这么多的问题要解决，总统将处境艰难。从题意可知，问题还没有解决，故用with+名词+不定式结构。2.I owed it to you
6、 I finished my work in time.解析：句意：多亏你，我才能及时完成任务。owe it to sb.that 从句,it是形式宾语，that从句是真正的宾语。3.The bad habit is bound to your health.解析：句意：这个坏习惯一定会影响你的健康。be bound to do 一定/必定做。4.Mr Robert,the manager of the company,is glad to team up with us.解析：句意：罗伯特先生。公司的经理，很乐意和我们合作。manager of the company作同位语，表示职位，不用
7、定冠词修饰。5.Liu Xiang is in a bad condition with his foot hurt.解析：句意：刘翔脚受伤了，身体状况不好。in bad condition(身体)状况不好,固定搭配。6.Scientists are still experimenting with cloning mammals.Thats the cloning is still a new science.解析：句意：科学家还在尝试克隆哺乳动物。这是因为克隆还是一门新的科学。Thats why 强调的是结果；Thats because强调的是原因。7.With what we know,
8、 this is either impossibleunsuitable.解析：句意：据我们现在所知，这是不可能的，也是不合适的。eitheror要么要么。8.It would be unfair to clone any extinct animals if they were in a zoo.解析：句意：你如果克隆出任何绝种的动物，而他们必须生活在动物园里，那是不公平的。be to do注定会，必须会，常用在if引导的条件状语从句中。9.on what we know now, you cant accomplish your task by Friday.解析：句意：根据我们现在所知，
9、你不可能在星期五之前完成任务的。Based on依据，根据，过去分词作状语，与主语之间是被动的关系。10.As you know, the chance of dinosaurs ever to the earth is just a dream.解析：句意：恐龙回归地球仅仅是个梦。The chance of的可能性,of后面接动名词。.阅读理解（2016全国卷I)The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups.Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person h
10、as nothing to say.A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness,or worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation.Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as
11、 necessary for understanding a persons needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do.Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(暗示)
12、 is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of powe
13、r.For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion.However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.In still another
14、 use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.Nurses and other caregivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.Nurses should recogn
15、ize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cu
16、ltures.语篇导读本文是说明文。在不同的文化沉默的意义不同。1.What does the author say about silence in conversations?A.It implies anger.B.It promotes friendship.C.It is culturespecific.D.It is contentbased.解析：C 推理判断题。从第一段内容可知，沉默有不同的含义，有不同的文化背景，故沉默有文化特性。故选C。2.Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for car
17、eful thought?A.The Chinese.B.The French.C.The Mexicans.D.The Russians.解析：A 细节理解题。从第二段内容以及 In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.可知美国人很重视谈话中的沉默，就像中国人一样。有时谈话中停下来，是让听众思考在继续交流之前刚才所说的话。故选A.3.What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?A.Let it continue as the patient pleases.B.Br
18、eak it while treating patients.C.Evaluate its harm to patients.D.Make use of its healing effects.解析：D 细节理解题。从最后一段内容，特别是最后一句可知，沉默有时有助于病人康复。故选D。4.What may be the best title for the text?A.Sound and SilenceB.What It Means to Be SilentC.Silence to Native AmericansD.Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold解析：B
19、标题归纳题。本文从不同的角度，谈论了沉默的不同意义。故选B。（2016全国卷)Secret codes(密码) keep messages private.Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer. People have used secret codes for thousands of years.5. Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind
20、 code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. 6. For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” 7. You might represent each letter with a number, For examp
21、le, Lets number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 20 13 5.”A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences.To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 8. For example, “b
22、ridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 9. However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B.In any language, some l
23、etters are used more than others.C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D.As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F.With a code book, you might write down words that would stand
24、for other words.G.Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.语篇导读本文是说明文，介绍了密码学以及科学发展，密码也在变化。5.D 解析：下句提到Code breaking，所以空白处涉及有关break codes的内容，故选D。6.E 解析：从下面的例子可知，拼写首字母，来表达意义。故选E。7.G 解析：从下面的例子可知，用符号或数字传递的信息，来表达意思。故选G。8.F 解析：从上句To read the message of a
25、 real code, you must have a code book,下句应该涉及有code book有关的内容，故选F。9.A 解析：根据下句 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.，特别是also hard，故选A，没有密码书破解密码很难。 .短文改错（2016全国卷)The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about to do during the holiday.We can between staying at
26、home and a trip.If we stay at home, it is comfortable there is no need to spend money.But in that case, we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad, we can broadenview and gain we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we go to places of interest nearby.I that it is a good idea
27、.It does not cost , yet we can still learn a lot.1.解析：考查疑问词。 不定式结构do缺宾语，what to do做什么。2.解析：考查时态。情态动词can后接动词原形。3.解析：考查非谓语动词。 betweenand在之间，连接两个相同并列的成分，句子是between staying.,故用taking。4.解析：考查连词。 and表示顺承并列的关系。5.解析：考查冠词。 world表示独一无二的事物，故用定冠词修饰。6.解析：考查代词。 主语是we，故指代一致，用our。7.解析：考查名词。knowledge是不可数名词。8.解析：考查情态动词。 suggest 后接宾语从句，谓语常用（should）+动词原形。9.解析：考查时态。本文是记叙文，用一般现在时，句子前后时态要一致。 10.解析：考查代词。cost much（money）花很多钱。