1、课时分层作业(三).阅读理解AFor years，the US.has experienced a shortage of registered nurses.The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that while the number of nurses will increase by 19 percent by 2022，demand will grow faster than supply，and that there will be over one million unfilled nursing jobs by then.So wha
2、ts the solution？Robots.Japan is ahead of the curve when it comes to this trend.Toyohashi University of Technology has developed Terapio，a robotic medical cart that can make hospital rounds，deliver medications and other items.It follows a specific individual，such as a doctor or nurse，who can use it t
3、o record and access patient data.This type of robot will likely be one of the first to be implemented in hospitals because it has fairly minimal patient contact.A robots appearance affects its ability to successfully interact with humans，which is why the RIKENTRI Collaboration Center for HumanIntera
4、ctive Robot Research decided to develop a robotic nurse called Actroid FIt is so humanlike that some patients may not know the difference.This conversational robot companion has cameras in its eyes，which allow it to track patients and use appropriate facial expressions and body language in its inter
5、actions.During a monthlong hospital trial，researchers asked 70 patients how they felt being around the robot and “only three or four said they didnt like having it around.”Its important to note that robotic nurses dont decide courses of treatment or make diagnoses，though robot doctors and surgeons m
6、ay not be far off.Instead，they perform routine and laborious tasks，freeing nurses up to attend to patients with immediate needs.This is one industry where it seems the interaction of robots will lead to collaboration，not replacement.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日本几款可以充当某些看护工作的“机器人护士”，但也指出机器人不会取代护士，他们是合作而非替代关系
7、。1What does the author say about Japan?AIt ranks top in future robotics technology.BIt takes the lead in offering robotic nursing.CIt is in desperate need of registered nurses.DIt provides the best medication for the elderly.B细节理解题。根据二三段的So whats the solution？Robots.Japan is ahead of the curve when
8、it comes to this trend.(那么解决方案是什么呢？机器人。在这一趋势方面，日本走在了前面)可知，日本在提供机器人护理方面是领先的。故选B。2Which of the following best explains “implemented” underlined in Paragraph 3?ACancelled.BConstructed.CImproved.DApplied.D词义猜测题。根据第三段的第二、三句可知，丰桥科技大学开发了机器人医疗推车Terapio，它可以在医院巡视、运送药物和其他物品。它跟着特定的人，例如医生或者护士，他们可以使用它来记录以及使用病人的数据
9、。再结合画线词所在的句子，可推测，画线词的意思是“应用的”，因为上文所提到的内容，就是它在医院的应用情况。故选D。3What do we know about the robot Actroid F?AIt has no difference from a human nurse.BIt gets favorable remarks from all the patients.CIt interacts with patients like a human companion.DIt uses body language even more effectively than words.C细节
10、理解题。根据倒数第二段的第三句可知，这个可以交流的机器人同伴眼睛里有摄像机，这使得它可以跟踪病人，并用适当的面部表情和肢体语言进行互动，Actroid F最大的特点是它可以像人类同伴一样和病人进行互动。故选C。4What can be inferred from the last paragraph?ACooperation will not be replaced.BNurses will still play their roles.CThe robotics industry will be promising.DRobots can meet patients immediate ne
11、eds.B推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句可知，机器人护士不会决定治疗的过程或者做出诊断；再结合最后一句，This is one industry where it seems the interaction of robots will lead to collaboration，not replacement.可推测，护士会继续履行自己的工作，因为机器人护士和人类是合作关系，也不会决定治疗过程或做出诊断，故选B。BA team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first
12、 robotic fly.The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new hightech integrated systems.Designed to do what a fly does naturally，the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly.Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.“Its extremely important for us
13、 to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components，” said Robert Wood，a Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade.A few years ago，his team got the goahead to start piecing together the components.“The
14、added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own，” he said.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly.“The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of
15、 interdependencies on the individual components，each of which individually has to perform well，but then has to be matched well to everything its connected to，” said Wood.The flight device was built into a set of power，computation，sensing and control systems.Wood says the success of the project prove
16、s that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.While this first robotic fly is linked to a small，offboard power source，the goal is eventually to equip it with a builtin power source，so that it might someday perform datagathering work at rescue sites，in farmers field
17、s or on the battlefield.“Basically，it should be able to take off，land and fly around，” he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insectscale.Yet，the power，sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications.“You can start th
18、inking about using them to answer open scientific questions，you know，to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals，but using these robots instead，” he said.“So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drive us on a day to day
19、basis.”【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，主要说明了哈佛大学的一组工程师受到大自然的启发，创造了第一只机器苍蝇。文章还说明了设计这种机器苍蝇遇到的困难和该飞行装置的应用领域，这种设计为研究飞行力学和昆虫控制提供了一种新方法。5Which of the following statements was the difficulty engineers met while making the robotic fly?AThey did not have sufficient fund.BNo readymade components were available.CThere was no mo
20、del in their mind.DIt was hard for them to assemble the components.B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“像这样的项目还有一个额外的困难，那就是这些组件都不是现成的，所以我们必须自己开发。”由此可知，工程师们在让机器人飞行时遇到的困难是没有现成的组件。故选B。6What do we know about the robotic fly?AThe robotic fly has been put into wide application.BThe robotic fly consists of a flight device and
21、 a control system.CThe robotic fly can collect information from many sources.DThe robotic fly can fly well with the cooperation of individual components.D推理判断题。根据第三段中“each of which individually has to perform well，but then has to be matched well to everything its connected to.(每一个必须单独地良好运行，然后必须很好地匹配
22、它所连接的一切。)”可推知，机器苍蝇需要各部分协作发挥作用。故选D。7Which of the following can be learned from the passage?AThe robotic fly can replace animals in some experiments.BAnimals are not allowed in biological experiments.CThe robotic fly is designed to learn about insects.DThere used to be few ways to study how insects fl
23、y.A细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“你可以开始考虑用它们来回答开放式的科学问题，你知道，用动物来研究生物学很难，但可以用这些机器人来代替”可知，伍德的设计可以在某些实验中代替动物。故选A。8Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?AFather of Robotic FlyBInspiration from Engineering ScienceCHarvard Breaks Through in Insect StudyDRobotic Fly Imitates Real Life InsectD标题归纳题
24、。文章主要讲述的是哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感，设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇。.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。When Lisa was a little girl，she learned an important lesson from her father.Her father told her that when facing a problem，she should never give up.Instead，she should try another solution.In the following years，Lisa a
25、lways remembered her fathers words.When Lisa was little，she dreamed of becoming a fashion designer.It was always her dream.But it was not an easy road.After leaving college，Lisa went to Paris with her designs in order to make her dream come true.In Paris，she tried to talk to famous designers and sho
26、w them some of her designs，but none of them showed any interest.Though Lisa was discouraged，she didnt give up.One day，at a friends party，she was introduced to a young lady who was dressed in a beautiful knitted(编织的) sweater.It wasnt a fancy color，but it did have very special stitches(针法)Lisa asked t
27、hat lady if she knitted it herself.She said it was a work of a lady in Paris.Lisa really loved the special stitches and wanted to include them in her designs.And then Lisa had an even braver idea.“Why not own a fashion store of my own？That way，I could design，make and sell my own clothes，”she thought
28、.So she decided to begin with that kind of sweaters.Lisas friend introduced her to Madam Dean who knitted that sweater.The lady was from Armenia and she learned to knit that kind of sweater from people in her country.Lisa drew a picture of a sweater and asked Madam Dean to knit the sweater for her.M
29、adam Dean agreed.One week later，Lisa got the sweater.The following day after Lisa received it，she wore it to a party in the fashion industry.Lisa was very nervous but she was lucky.Not long after the party began，her sweater drew the attention of a store owner from New York.She wanted to order 40 suc
30、h sweaters in two weeks.Lisa was really happy and accepted the order.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2请按如下格式作答。The next day，Lisa told the good news to Madam Dean. Lisa then remembered her fathers words. 【参考范文】The next day，Lisa told the good news to Madam Dean.She told her about the order.Madam Dean almost shouted
31、when she learned about that.“What？40 such sweaters in two weeks？Thats impossible！Do you know how long it took me to make the sweater for you？It took me one week，”said Madam Dean.Lisa was very sad to hear that.But she didnt want to lose such a great opportunity.It was really important to her.Lisa the
32、n remembered her fathers words.She decided to find another solution.She thought that Madam Dean might not be the only one in Paris who knew how to knit that kind of sweater.She asked Madam Dean if she knew anyone else who could help her.Madam Dean then started to make some phone calls.Finally，she found 20 women who agreed to help her.At last，all the sweaters were finished in two weeks.The sweaters were all delivered to New York on time.Lisa was closer to her dream.