1、原文标题：Identity Politics Play a Role in US Elections内容简介：概述：选民常常把候选人的肤色，种族等作为投票标准，这被称作“身份政治”Hints:Roman CatholicismAl Smith John F. KennedyMormonMitt RomneyRothenberg Political Reports Nathan GonzalesRepublican Party Identity PoliticsConservative 注意：只有一个conservative需要首字母大写，其余的conservative都不用Darryl Har
2、ris of Howard University YugoslaviaRwanda Sudan00:00:52处有连字符Religion has been an identity factor in America since the early days of the country. Roman Catholicism was an issue for 1928 Democratic presidential candidate Al Smith, and 1960 Democratic candidate John F. Kennedy. In 2008, and again in 20
3、12, the Mormon faith of Republican candidate Mitt Romney has been polarizing to some voters.There is also ideology, as noted by Rothenberg Political Reports Nathan Gonzales:I think when it comes to the Republican Party the biggest Identity Politics identifier is Conservative. Who is conservative? Wh
4、o is the most conservative? Who is the purest conservative?To one political scientist, Identity Politics will continue so long as people are regarded and treated according to their skin color and other involuntary factors. Darryl Harris of Howard University.There is no such thing as being in a post-
5、racial era unless we can get rid of the inequalities and inequities that we see in American society along the lines of race, ethnicity, and gender.Identity Politics is not an exclusively American phenomenon. It influences political decisions in countries worldwide - in some places, such as the forme
6、r Yugoslavia, Rwanda, and Sudan, to the point of bloodshed.美国建国初期至今，宗教就一直是一种身份识别因素。而对于1928年民主党总统候选人阿尔史密斯和1960年民主党候选人约翰肯尼迪而言，他们的罗马天主教信仰就是个问题。到了2008年，并且到2012年仍是如此，共和党候选人米特罗姆尼的摩门教信仰在一些选民当中就备受争议。据罗滕伯格政治报告（Rothenberg Political Report）的编辑内森冈萨雷斯称，另外还有别的意识形态存在。“我认为，当提及共和党时，最大的身份政治标识符是保守。谁是保守派？谁最保守？谁是完全保守？”另外有位政治学家称，只要人们还会因肤色受到看待和对待，以及其他自然而然的因素存在，身份政治就将长久存在。霍华德大学的达瑞尔哈里斯称，除非我们可以摆脱不平等，以及美国社会中因不同种族和性别出现的不公平，否则我们就不可能真正存在于后种族的时代。身份政治并非单一存在于美国社会的现象。在一些地方，如前南斯拉夫，卢旺达，苏丹，以至世界各国，身份政治都能对其政治决定产生影响，甚至造成杀戮。