1、2014春季英语人教版新课标必修4U1系列导学案（5）-课文详解课文要点1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：Jane Goodall, 1 had intended to work with animals in their own 2 （环境）since her childhood, went to Africa and devoted herself to 3 （study）the behavior of chimps. It was tough but she considered it as a 4 （有价值的
2、）career. Through her study, we learned much more about chimps. She argued that the life of these animals should 5 （respect）and they should be left in the wild and not used 6 entertainment. Besides, she was very 7 （consider）of these animals. Now, she has 8 （实现）every thing she wanted to do, which 9 （激
3、励）those who want to cheer the 10 （成就）of women. 答案: 1. who 2.environment 3. studying 4.worthwhile 5. be respected 6. for 7.considerate 8.achieved 9.inspired 10.achievements2课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。这一篇文章给我们介绍了黑猩猩家庭，这使我们认识到，黑猩猩家族的关联就像人类的家庭那么坚固。Jane Goodall的努力，以及她关于保护黑猩猩的观点
4、使她取得了不少成就。 This passage introduces _答案：This passage introduces the groups of chimps to us, which made us realize that the bone of a chimp family is as strong as that of a humans. Jane Goodalls efforts and her opinion on the protection of the chimps made her achieved a lot. 3课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能
5、力）1.【原句】Following Janes way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. 跟着简研究黑猩猩的路线，我们团队都去森林中探望他们。 模仿要点 句子结构 现在分词，+主句【模仿1】听取老师的意见，我在英语学习上取得了快速进步。_答案：Following the teachers advice, I made rapid progress in English learning. 【模仿2】按照指南，你一定会解决这问题。_答案：Following the instructio
6、n, you will surely solve the problem. 2 【原句】Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. 只有在她的母亲来帮助她的头几个月，才让她开始她的计划。模仿要点 句子结构：Only +状语（主句要倒装）【模仿1】只有当您不遗余力你能取得重大进展。_答案：Only when you spare no effort can you make great progress.【模仿2】只有当我们认识到我们生活环
7、境的重要性，我们才能意识到保护环境就是保护我们的家。_答案：Only when we came to realize the importance of our living environment can we be aware of the fact that preserving nature is preserving our home.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。词数：315完成时间：7分钟难度：* Washington: A research conducted at the University of Maryland lo
8、oks at the numerous complex reasons as to why young children decide to include or exclude (排斥) other kids from their group of friends. It suggests that the kids decision-making process is much more complex than previously believed. They take into account group information, ranging from cliques (小圈子)
9、 and networks, when deciding what makes a group work well. Sometimes kids are excluded because they lack social skills, but a lot of time it has nothing to do with that. Instead it has to do with what we refer to as group membership such as gender, race, nation, and culture, says Professor Melanie K
10、illen, the Associate Director of the Centre for Children Relationships and Culture at Maryland, who led the 4-year project. Reporting their findings in the journal, the researcher said whatever was the reason, individuals who experienced pervasive (普遍的) long-term exclusion from the group of friends
11、suffered from depression, anxiety and loneliness. The study looked at two models to define how children make decisions regarding acceptance of other kids in their group - the individual social deficit model and the inter-group social cognition (认同) model. While the former says that childrens rejecti
12、on occurs due to social deficits like shyness, wariness or fearfulness, the latter says that it happens because of group dynamics, prejudice and exclusion. It was also found that the age of children was also a factor that influenced their decisions regarding other kids acceptance as friends. With ag
13、e, kids become more aware of group dynamics, conventions, customs, and rituals. With this comes a greater concern about group functioning, which can lead to exclusion which can be negative from a social justice viewpoint, says Killen. The researcher believes that her study may have many benefits, as
14、 it could provide insights into how to help when children are rejected by their peers.41. While making friends, kids think more about the following EXCEPT _. A. social skills B. culture C. race D. gender42. The underlined word deficit in Paragraph 5 may mean “_”. A. skill B. relationship C. weakness
15、 D. experience43. One of the major purposes of the research is to _. A. tell the reader how to tell inclusion from exclusion B. remind children to be careful while making friends C. seek ways to help kids excluded by their peers D. stop the children belonging to the inter-group social cognition mode
16、l44. While making friends, children exclude those of social deficit model to _. A. keep their groups purer B. make their groups more socially powerful C. refuse other customs and cultures D. prove their groups to be strict45. The proper title for this passage is _.A. Techniques of making friends B.
17、Social communication among kids C. Making friends - a special culture D. Kids complex way of making friends【参考答案及解析】孩子怎样在社会上交友？可以将他们分成几种类型？它们的特点是什么？本文将回答这些问题。41. A。细节理解题。根据第三段第二、三句可知：尽管孩子交友时有时排斥那些缺乏社会技巧的人，但是大多数时候是根据性别、种族、民族和文化等因素来确定的。42. C。词义辨析题。本段最后一句对social deficits做了解释：诸如shyness, wariness or fearfulness，可见该词意思是指社会交往中的个性弱点。43. C。细节理解题。可从最后一段得此答案。44. B。综合理解题。第三段说social deficits型的孩子害羞、胆怯；倒数第二段说随着年龄的增长，他们会意识到group dynamics（团体力量）的重要性，而且越来越关心group functioning（团体的社会功能），由此可知B是正确答案。45. D。标题归纳题。本文第一段第一句就提出了主题：孩子交友时的接纳与排斥给予很多复杂的原因，恰好与D的内容相符。而且后面各段都围绕此主题在分析原因。
