1、单元素养培优(四) Unit 4. 单词拼写1. He got up slowly and dragged (拉) his chair towards the table. 2. The police recognized the criminal from his typical facial featurea scar (伤疤)on the forehead. 3. So please treasure your college yearsmake the best use of your free time and become an independent thinker to con
2、trol your destiny(命运). 4. Our English teacher creates a friendly and relaxing atmosphere(氛围) in the class where we are free to express ourselves. 5. Why are some brands more popular than others even if the products are of similar quality(质量)? 6. Teaching children with special needs requires patience
3、(耐心) and understanding. 7. Thank you for sharing this encouraging story with us, which has increased our confidence and arouse our passion(激情). 8. I was too tired and frightened to find comfort (安慰) in that familiar promise. 9. A sense of humour(幽默) is a social skill to help you build a good relatio
4、nship with others. 10. Tom bought a digital (数码的) camera made in Japan in the supermarket. . 单句语法填空1. In fact, the school bags that were bought by my mother and aunt are not significantly (significant) different. 2. Recent advances (advance) in medical science have brought a lot of hope to people su
5、ffering from serious illnesses. 3. Jack made a(n) adventurous(adventure) journey by sailing around the world in his own sailboat. 4. To acquire(acquire) the skills of playing the piano, you should spend as much time as you could practicing it. 5. The museum to be visited was within easy walking dist
6、ance(distant) of the hotel. 6. He is too anxious to know (know) the result of the final examination. 7. Many people expressed a strong preference(prefer) for the original plan. 8. Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery(deliver). 9. The way that/which you told me was not practica
7、l. 10. Judging from the way he laughed as he told it, it was meant to be humorous(humour). . 选词填空be set in, turn up, lose track of, focus on, ought to, be ashamed of, keep in mind, thanks to, up to, stay in touch with1. He promised that he would come, but he hasnt turned up yet. 2. Although the clas
8、sroom was noisy, she tried to focus on her work. 3. My face turned red and I was ashamed of myself. 4. Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream of becoming a CEO of a big company. 5. Social networking sites allow people to stay in touch with their friends online and plan social activ
9、ities in the real world. 6. Actually, I dont know what my deskmate is up to. He is always mysterious and doesnt communicate with us. 7. You should keep in mind that your parents cannot always do everything for you. 8. You ought to be stricter with him. Hes very naughty. 9. I lost track of the time a
10、nd missed the last bus. 10. The film was set in the time when California found gold. . 英译汉1. I dont feel it difficult to understand the Special English program on the radio. 我觉得收音机里的特别英语节目不是很难理解。2. Whenever (it is) possible, ride your bike to save some gasoline and reduce the carbon footprint. 无论什么时
11、候, 如果可能的话, 你就骑自行车以节省一些汽油和减少碳排放量。3. The moral of the story is: Spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouraged easily however difficult the situation may be. 这个故事的寓意是: 要不遗余力地获取知识, 不管情况多么困难都不要轻易气馁。4. Mr Green must have been punished for his being rude at the meeting yesterday, didnt he?
12、 格林先生一定因为昨天在会上的鲁莽行为被处罚了, 是吗? 5. I like this game, and I am fortunate to have fun with all my friends. 我喜欢这个游戏, 我也非常有幸能和我所有的朋友们玩得开心。. 阅读理解ARehmat and His PerfumeHe smelled beautiful as he leaned across the table to pour my coffee. I later learned his name was Rehmat. He works in the hotel where we ar
13、e staying in Fujairah, UAE. I couldnt resist it and had to tell him his scent was beautiful. He thanked me. As I continued to enjoy my breakfast, Rehmat returned to my table. He presented me with his perfume. He said there wasnt much left in it but he wanted to give it to me as a gift. I was touched
14、! What a kind man! He had gone to his bag and fetched me the gift. Of course, I couldnt take this gift; its too much. I decided that I would give a gift to Rehmat. I went to my room and brought down a little Irish Celtic Cross coaster(玻璃杯垫). When I returned to the dining area, he was gone but the ma
15、nager said he would send Rehmat to my room. I gave Rehmat the little coaster. He was so touched. It was the first time in his three years here that a guest had given him something. He kept touching his heart and bowing his head. Rehmat is from Pakistan. He told me he was going to immediately send a
16、photo of this to his mum and other family members, and tomorrow Rehmat was going to bring me some fruit from his home. I think he said he was also going to take us to his home to enjoy their hospitality(好客). Rehmat thinks I have made his day. The truth is, he warms my heart more than he can possibly
17、 know. I think I have made another friend. My friends, what a joy to open our hearts and be blessed in return with a grateful and loving heart of another! 【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者和Rehmat相识的故事, 并感悟出最好的友谊是给予。1. Why did the writer refuse Rehmats gift? A. There wasnt much left in it. B. The writer tho
18、ught it was too expensive. C. The writers friends didnt like the smell. D. The writer had nothing to give Rehmat in return. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段的. . . I couldnt take this gift; its too much. 可知, 作者拒绝Rehmat的礼物的原因是作者觉得它太贵重了。故B项正确。2. Why did the writer give Rehmat a coaster as a gift? A. To exchange for
19、his perfume. B. To thank for his kindness. C. To remind him of his parents. D. To help him get out of trouble. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段的What a kind man! 可知作者回赠给Rehmat一个玻璃杯垫是因为作者想要感谢Rehmat的善举。故B项正确。3. What made Rehmats day? A. He received a gift from a customer. B. He was to invite the writer to have dinne
20、r. C. He was to send a photo to his family. D. He was to return to his hometown immediately. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段的He was so touched. It was the first time in his three years here that a guest had given him something. 和最后一段的Rehmat thinks I have made his day. . . 可知这三年里第一次有客人送他东西, 使得他很开心。故选择A项。4. What c
21、an we learn from the story? A. Never judge from appearances. B. A friend in need is a friend indeed. C. Where there is a will, there is a way. D. The best type of friendship is giving. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段和全文的主旨可知, 作者和Rehmat互赠礼物的举动使得作者又交到了朋友, 故可知D项(最好的友谊是给予)的表达和原文相符。故选择D项。 B(2021太原高一检测)Making frien
22、ds can be difficult. It seems like theres no guide for this important life skill. But a researcher Jeffrey A. Hall in the University of Kansas has helped explain the process of friendship-building in a new study published in the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships. Its the first to find out
23、 exactly how long it takes to make a friend. The answer is a long time. Hall surveyed 112 college students every three weeks during their first nine weeks at a Midwestern university. He also gave a one-time questionnaire to 355 American adults who had moved to a new city in the past six months. In t
24、hese surveys, the newcomers picked a friend or two and reported how much time they spent together. Unsurprisingly, the more time two people spent together, the closer their relationship is. Through his analysis, Hall was able to tell how many hours it took for different levels of friendship to take
25、place: It takes students 43 hours and adults 94 hours to turn acquaintances (熟人) into casual friends. Students need 57 hours to change from casual friends to friends. Adults need, on average, 164 hours. For students, friends became good or best friends after about 119 hours. Adults need an additiona
26、l 100 hours to make that happen. “Everyone wants to have friends, but you cant have friends without making them, ” says Hall. “Making friends takes time. ”Thats why its easier to make friends in school and at university. Hall thinks that the close college life develops fast connections and its harde
27、r for students to get impacted by other people outside, especially if they go to a university away from home. For adults, even 50 hours is a lot of hours to spend with someone when theyre working full time and spending at least an hour a day on the subway. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Jeffrey A. Hall的发现不同程度的
28、友谊发生需要多长时间。5. Whats the purpose of the study by Jeffrey A. Hall? A. To provide a guide for making friends. B. To describe the benefits of making friends. C. To explore the time needed for making friends. D. To study the differences between students and adults. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段Its the first to find
29、 out exactly how long it takes to make a friend. The answer is a long time. 可知, Jeffrey A. Hall的研究目的是探索交友所需要的时间。6. According to Hall, how long do new students need to become best friends? A. 100 hours. B. 119 hours. C. 219 hours. D. 319 hour. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据 It takes students 43 hours and adults 94
30、hours to turn acquaintances into casual friends. Students need 57 hours to change from casual friends to friends. 和For students, friends became good or best friends after about 119 hours. 可知, 新学生成为最好的朋友需花费: 43+57+119=219小时。7. Which of the following has a positive effect on friendship-building? A. Th
31、e close college life. B. Long working time. C. The impact from others. D. Time spent on the subway. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段 Thats why its easier to make friends in school and at university. Hall thinks that the close college life develops fast connections and its harder for students to get impacted by o
32、ther people outside, especially if they go to a university away from home. 可知, 亲密的大学生活对友谊的建立有积极的影响。. 阅读填句(2021襄阳高一检测)Studies show if you have good friends throughout your life, you will live longer. There is a lot of truth behind the common saying. You must first be one if you want some good friends
33、. 1Be real. People are bored with those who are always trying to be someone they are not. People are most comfortable around others who are comfortable in their own skin. 2 Even though you arent perfect, the way you handle your strengths and faults with humility (谦逊) and confidence will give other p
34、eople permission (许可) to be real and relaxed with you, as well. Be honest. Lies always have a way of coming to light. Try to be honest with everyone around you. Be reliable. Nobody wants to be friends with someone who lies. Also, friends will say the truth to each other, even when its hard. Be a goo
35、d listener. 3 Most times, people need more than good advice. They need someone to listen to them as they talk through their feelings. Ask them whats going on in their life and how they feel. 4 Time is one of the greatest gifts we have. When we share extra time with friends, we are giving that gift b
36、ack to them. No friendship can develop overnight. It takes time. A real friend will take that time. 5 When you see your friends getting into a dangerous situation involved with drugs or alcohol, or maybe even a harmful relationship, step in timely and protect your friends from the dangers you see th
37、at come their way. A. So just be yourself. B. Encourage your friends. C. Care about your friends. D. Make time for your friends. E. Here are some tips you can refer to. F. Dont give up on your friends just because they are having difficulties. G. Dont watch television or text while your friends are
38、sharing something with you. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何与朋友更好地相处, 作者提出了几条可以参考的建议。1. 【解析】选E。根据上文Studies show if you have good friends throughout your life, you will live longer. There is a lot of truth behind the common saying. You must first be one if you want some good friends. 及下文可知, 上文提及拥有好朋友的好处, 下文提
39、及具体的建议。所以E项承上启下, 符合上下文语境。2. 【解析】选A。根据前句People are most comfortable around others who are comfortable in their own skin. 可知, 作者在这里建议我们要做真实的自己。故选A。3. 【解析】选G。根据前句Be a good listener. 可知, 作者在这里建议我们要学会倾听朋友的倾诉, 不要做其他事情。所以G项符合上下文语境。4. 【解析】选D。此处为本段中心句。根据后文Time is one of the greatest gifts we have. When we sh
40、are extra time with friends, we are giving that gift back to them. No friendship can develop overnight. It takes time. A real friend will take that time. 可知, 本段作者主要陈述友情需要时间去培养。所以D项符合上下文语境。选项中的“time”与后文中的“time”相一致。5. 【解析】选C。此处为本段中心句。根据后文When you see your friends getting into a dangerous situation inv
41、olved with drugs or alcohol, or maybe even a harmful relationship, step in timely and protect your friends from the dangers you see that come their way. 可知, 本段作者主要陈述当朋友陷入危险的时候, 要及时关心并保护他们。所以选项C符合上下文语境。. 完形填空(2021邢台高一检测)Today, Ill tell you a story about a boy who was the son of a horse trainer. When
42、he was a pupil, he was1to take out a piece of paper to write on it about what he wanted to do when he 2That night he wrote on the paper saying his goal was to3 a horse farm someday. He made a 4to show a 4, 000-square-foot house that would sit on a 200-acre dream farm. The next day he handed it in to
43、 his 5. Two days later he received his paper back. On the front page was a large red F with a note that read, “See me after class. ”The boy went to see the teacher after class and6, “Why did I receive an F? ” The teacher said, “This is not a 7dream for a young boy like you. Theres 8you could ever do
44、 it. ” Then the teacher 9, “If you rewrite this paper with a better goal, I will10 your grade again. ”However, the boy turned in the same paper, making no changes at all. He stated, “You can keep the F and Ill keep my11. ”Im the right boy and you are seated in my 4, 000-square-foot house in the midd
45、le of my 200-acre horse farm. The best part of the story is that last summer the same schoolteacher brought 30 kids to12 on my farm for a week. When he was leaving, he said 13, “Sorry, Monty, I can tell you this now. When I was your teacher, I was something of a dream stealer. During those years I s
46、tole a lot of kids dreams. 14, you had enough courage not to give up yours. ”Dont let anyone 15your dreams. Follow your heart, no matter what. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。当作者还是个小男孩时, 一次老师让他拿出一张纸, 写下自己长大后想做什么, 作者写自己想拥有一个马场, 但是老师认为这是不可能的, 给他打了不及格, 但是作者坚持并最终实现了自己的梦想, 当年的老师也向作者道了歉。文章告诉我们, 不要让任何人偷走你的梦想。不管发生什么事, 跟随自己的
47、心。1. A. addictedB. attractedC. requestedD. frightened【解析】选C。当他还是个学生的时候, 老师要求他拿出一张纸, 在上面写下他长大后想做什么。结合上文的When he was a pupil和下文的to take out a piece of paper to write on it可知男孩是个学生, 因此是被老师要求拿出一张纸, 写下长大后想做什么。addict使沉迷; attract吸引; request要求; frighten使害怕。2. A. settled downB. grew upC. gave inD. came throu
48、gh【解析】选B。当他还是个学生的时候, 老师要求他拿出一张纸, 在上面写下他长大后想做什么。根据常识和上文what he wanted to do when he可知, 老师让学生描述长大后想做什么, 与后文男孩长大后真正拥有了马场相照应。settle down定居; grow up长大; give in屈服; come through康复。3. A. ownB. enjoyC. exchangeD. design【解析】选A。那天晚上, 他在这张纸上写他的目标是有一天拥有一个马场。根据后文“a horse farm”和“on my farm”可知男孩的梦想是拥有一个马场。own拥有; en
49、joy欣赏; exchange交换; design设计。4. A. baseB. surveyC. mapD. drawing【解析】选D。他画了一幅画, 画上展示了一座4 000平方英尺的房子, 它坐落在一个200英亩的梦想农场上。结合后文“show a 4, 000-square-foot house that would sit on a 200-acre dream farm”可知男孩画了一幅画, 来描述自己的梦想。base基础; survey调查; map地图; drawing图画。5. A. teacherB. partnerC. relativeD. friend【解析】选A。第
50、二天, 他把它交给了老师。根据后文中The boy went to see the teacher可知男孩把这份作业交给了老师。teacher老师; partner伙伴; relative亲戚; friend朋友。6. A. criedB. askedC. wonderedD. demanded【解析】选B。他下课后去找老师, 问道: “为什么我得了F? ”根据后文“Why did I receive an F? ”可知男孩询问老师自己不及格的原因。cry哭泣; ask询问; wonder想知道; demand要求。7. A. bigB. peacefulC. trueD. clear【解析】
51、选C。对于像你这样的一个小男孩来说, 这并不是一个真实的梦想。后文提到老师说男孩不可能实现这个梦想, 可推知, 老师认为对于一个小男孩来说, 这并不是一个真实的梦想。big大的; peaceful和平的; true真实的; clear清楚的。8. A. no doubtB. no wayC. no needD. no luck【解析】选B。你不可能做到的。根据后文If you rewrite this paper可知老师让男孩重写, 说明老师认为男孩决不可能实现这个梦想。no doubt无疑; no way不可能; no need不需要; no luck不走运。9. A. addedB. or
52、deredC. disagreedD. warned【解析】选A。然后, 老师补充道: “如果你重新在这张纸上写下一个更好的目标, 我会重新考虑你的成绩。”根据后文老师说如果男孩重写, 自己就会重新考虑他的成绩, 可知老师在补充自己的话。add增加, 补充; order命令; disagree不同意; warn警告。10. A. admireB. valueC. considerD. write【解析】选C。然后, 老师补充道: “如果你重新在这张纸上写下一个更好的目标, 我会重新考虑你的成绩。”根据后文“your grade”可知老师说如果男孩重写, 自己就会重新考虑他的成绩。admire钦
53、佩; value重视; consider考虑; write写。11. A. powerB. praiseC. dreamD. behaviour【解析】选C。他说道: “你可以给我打F, 而我将继续坚持我的梦想。”根据上文中“dream for a young boy like you”可知男孩写下的是自己的梦想, 不论老师如何打分, 男孩也将继续坚持。power力量; praise赞扬; dream梦想; behaviour行为。12. A. come to powerB. play a partC. hide awayD. camp out【解析】选D。这个故事最精彩的部分是, 去年夏天,
54、 那位老师带了30个孩子来我的农场露营一周。根据后文“on my farm for a week”可推知老师带着30个孩子来露营。come to power执政; play a part起作用; hide away隐藏; camp out露营。13. A. sincerelyB. anxiouslyC. exactlyD. actually【解析】选A。临走时, 他诚恳地说: “对不起, 蒙蒂, 我现在可以告诉你了”根据后文“Sorry, Monty, I can tell you this now. ”可知老师诚恳地为自己当年的行为向作者道歉。sincerely诚恳地; anxiously焦
55、急地; exactly恰好; actually实际上。14. A. InsteadB. ObviouslyC. LuckilyD. Finally【解析】选C。幸运的是, 你有足够的勇气坚持自己的梦想。结合上文内容可知, 尽管老师不认为作者的梦想可以实现, 但幸运的是, 作者坚持了自己的梦想。instead相反; obviously明显地; luckily幸运地; finally终于。15. A. buildB. supportC. challengeD. steal【解析】选D。不要让任何人偷走你的梦想。此处对应上一段中“During those years I stole a lot of
56、 kids dreams. ”, 指不要让任何人偷走自己的梦想。build建造; support支持; challenge挑战; steal偷窃。. 语法填空(2021长沙高一检测)A real friend is someone who walks in when the rest of the world 1. _ (walk) out. A real friend is someone 2. _ support we can count on. A real friend is someone who sees 3. _ (we) true self, not just the face
57、 that we show to the world. Yet these days, the modern tools that keep us 4. _ (connect) are eating away at the meaning of friendship. We must be able to make many friends online, 5. _ these friendships can be quite shallow. 6. _ (Society) media like blogs has come between us and the friends whom we
58、 love. Texting and messaging cannot take 7. _ place of face-to-face chatting. “Sharing” our experiences on these media is not enough 8. _ (express) the values which matter most to us. “9. _ (like) our friends photos online does not develop the connection which we share. To make friends a real part o
59、f our lives, we should put down our smart phones and meet them 10. _ person. 【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。让我们保持联系的现代工具正在侵蚀友谊的意义, 我们应该放下智能手机, 和朋友面对面地交流。1. 【解析】walks。考查时态和主谓一致。句意: 真正的朋友会在整个世界都离你远去的时候, 仍与你在一起。文章的基础时态为一般现在时, 主语为the rest of the world, 谓语动词用单数, 故填walks。2. 【解析】whose。考查定语从句。句意: 真正的朋友是我们可以依靠的人。此处为定语从句, 关系
60、词指代先行词someone并在从句中作定语修饰support, 故填whose。3. 【解析】our。考查代词。句意: 真正的朋友能看到我们真实的一面, 而不仅仅是我们向世界展示的那张脸。修饰名词self应用形容词性物主代词, 故填our。4. 【解析】connected。考查形容词。句意: 然而如今, 让我们保持联系的现代工具正在侵蚀友谊的意义。connected有联系的。5. 【解析】but。考查连词。句意: 我们一定能够在网上交到很多朋友, 但是这些友谊可能很肤浅。根据句意可知前后是转折关系, 故填but。6. 【解析】Social。考查词性转换。句意: 像博客这样的社交媒体把我们和我们
61、所爱的朋友分隔开了。修饰名词media用形容词, 故填Social。7. 【解析】the。考查固定短语。句意: 发短信和发电邮不能代替面对面的聊天。take the place of是固定短语。8. 【解析】to express。考查非谓语动词。句意: 在这些媒体上“分享”我们的经历不足以表达对我们来说最重要的价值观。分析句子结构并结合句意可知此处用不定式作结果状语。9. 【解析】Liking。考查非谓语动词。句意: 在网上给朋友的照片点赞并不会加深我们之间的联系。分析句子可知此处表示经常性的动作, 用动名词作主语。10. 【解析】in。考查固定短语。句意: 为了让朋友成为我们的生活中真正的一
62、部分, 我们应该放下智能手机, 亲自去见他们。in person是固定短语, 表示“亲自”。. 读后续写(2021武汉高一检测)阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。Of all the men who ever liked fresh air, no one liked it more than James Wilson. If James Wilson entered a room where the windows were shut, he immediately opened them. He did this even when snow w
63、as falling outside. If someone else shut the windows again, he walked out of the room in a manner which showed his opinions without any doubt. When he travelled by sea, he could usually be found in a place on board where the wild wind was blowing through his hair. One winter Wilson went to Finland o
64、n business. Good hotels in Finland are heated during the cold winter, and this winter was even colder than usual. When Wilson reached his room in the hotel, he found that the windows were closed to keep the icy air out. He did his best to open one, but failed. It was absolutely impossible to open it
65、: the manager had very wisely arranged that. Wilson undressed and got into bed. He was a very angry man. The bedroom was very pleasant. Two and three pictures on the walls showed views of some beautiful parts of Finland. There was no noise at all. The bed was really excellent, but Wilson could not s
66、leep. He could not forget the closed window. No fresh air! It was terrible to think of! He got out of bed and tried once more to open the window; but it was useless, and he sadly got back into bed. At about one oclock in the morning he was still awake, worrying about the air in the bedroom. He had t
67、urned over in bed two hundred and thirty-six times. He was very hot. As he turned over for the two hundred and thirty-seventh time, one arm came out of the quilt and hung down beside the bed. His hand touched the floor. It also touched something on the floor. This thing was a shoe. An idea came into
68、 his worried mind. Angry men act quickly, and the shoe was in his hand in less than a second. Where was the window? He could see something that looked like glass over there. 注意: 续写词数应为150个左右。He threw the shoe through the darkness with all the force of his strong right arm. _When daylight came gently
69、 through the window, he opened his eyes slowly, and then he sat up suddenly in bed. _【参考范文】He threw the shoe through the darkness with all the force of his strong right arm. The shoe flew straight through the air and hit the glass in the middle. A terrible sound of breaking glass filled the bedroom,
70、 but to Wilsons sad heart it seemed like the sound of sweet and beautiful music. “Now I have fresh air in the room, ” he thought. “Now I will not die. ” Five minutes later he was peacefully asleep. He did not move for many hours. When daylight came gently through the window, he opened his eyes slowl
71、y, and then he sat up suddenly in bed. He was very surprised: the window was not broken at all. The glass was all in one piece, just as good as it had been the night before. No fresh air was entering the room through that window! What, then, had happened when he threw the shoe? He turned his eyes to the side and saw a broken picture hanging on the wall. There was a shoe on the floor below it. He could see a lot of broken glass round the shoe, and there was more inside it.