1、.Match the word with its meaning.1. disturbingA. 作品2. subject B. 新领域3. dull C. 激发，激励4. basically D. 透视(画)法；透视效果；透视感5. work E. 效果；作用6. effect F. 坦克7. shade G. (绘画，摄影等的)主题8. frontier H. 基本上，本质上，大致说来9. perspective I. (文艺的)复兴10. motivate J. 枯燥的；沉闷的11. skilled K. 中世纪的12. tank L. (图画等中的)阴影；阴暗部分13. parachu
2、te M. 有技巧的，熟练的14. renaissance N. 降落伞15. medieval O. 引起烦恼的；令人不安的答案：15OGJHA610ELBDC1115MFNIK.Write down the meaning of phrases in each sentence.1. I saw them walking hand in hand through the town the other day._手牵手2. Compared with/to cars, bicycles have many advantages.与相比3. I met him at the cinema fo
3、r the first time.第一次4. He went to the party as well as his sister.也；不仅而且5. In short, finishing the job is not so easy as you may think.总之，简言之6. Dont let it play on your mind, because my devotion is for all time.永远7. I have to wake up at 6 am for I have a lot of things to do.醒来，唤醒8. The yellow curtai
4、ns contrast with the blue bedcover.与形成对照1. Look at the following pictures, and match the pictures with the names. Which history period do they belong to?a. William Shakespeareb. Dante Alighieric. Leonardo da Vinci d. Van GoghThey belong to the period of _.答案：cdba；the Renaissance2. The Renaissance is
5、 considered as an important chapter in European history. Do you know the reasons?_参考答案：During the Renaissance, new ideas and values replaced those held in the Middle Ages.There are many poets and artists in this period, such as Dante, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and so on.The effects of the Renaissa
6、nce are long lasting, and it has affected many generations.FastreadingMatch the following paragraphs with their main ideas.Para.1A. The implication of the Renaissance.Para.2B. Trade one factor of the Renaissance.Para.3C. A change in ideas about religion.Para.4D. The introduction of the Mona Lisa.Par
7、a.5E. Something Leonardo did as a skilled inventor.Para.6F. Leonardos influence on history.Para.7G. The new ideas on painting, music and architecture.答案：DABGCEF.CarefulreadingRead the text carefully and choose the best answer.1. Which of the following offered a solid foundation for the birth of the
8、Renaissance?A. Peoples hard life.B. Welldeveloped education.C. Human rights.D. The development of European economy.2. The Renaissance _.A. is no more than the Mona LisaB. means the development in arts at that timeC. got its name from an English wordD. spread from Germany to France3. How was philosop
9、hy at that time different from that before?A. Philosophers put religion at the centre of the universe.B. Philosophers put people at the centre of the universe.C. Philosophers thought human life was of little value.D. Philosophers thought God was great.4. People think Leonardo was an extraordinary ge
10、nius as well as a great artist because_.A. he was employed by the King of France to do scientific researchB. he discovered how to use perspective and the effects of lightC. he was interested in everything and had many different talentsD. he always took a notebook with him, in which he wrote down his
11、 ideas答案：14DABC.StudyreadingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1. Wherever he went, he carried a notebook around with him, in which he wrote down his ideas.句式分析尝试翻译不管走到哪里，他都随身携带一个笔记本，以便随时记录下自己的想法。2. They included detailed drawings of the human body, plans for engineers to build ca
12、nals and bridges, and astonishing drawings of machines which were not to be built until hundreds of years later, such as aeroplanes, parachutes, submarines and tanks.句式分析本句是一个复合句； 主句中they是主语，detailed drawings of the human body, plans for engineers to build canals and bridges, and astonishing drawing
13、s of machines是宾语；which 引导定语从句修饰先行词machines。尝试翻译它们(这些想法)包括细致的人体素描、供工程师建造运河和桥梁的设计以及一些令人震惊的机械制图，这些直到几百年后才被制造出来，例如飞机、降落伞、潜水艇和坦克。对应学生课下能力提升(五)阅读理解AIn the later half of the 13th century, a new trend of fine arts appeared in the central part of Italy with Florence as its centre, representing the change fro
14、m fine arts of Middle Ages to Renaissance art.At that time, Florence school became the main stream of fine arts.The 14th century saw the birth of a great artist Giotto.His art bore a striking tendency of Realism.For most people Giotto is the first name in European painting since antiquity (古代). That
15、 he had breathed fresh life into painting was recognised by people of the day, and later by Ghiberti and Vasari.Before Giotto, painting was still considered a “mechanical” art.Giotto came to occupy a position of great respect in Florence.Though he was employed by the Bardi and Peruzzi families, owne
16、rs of the most important European banking houses of the day, he never limited his activity to Florence, and prestigious (声望很高的) commission in other parts of Italy kept him on the move frequently.At a time when Italys flourishing economy made every Italian city an independent cultural and artistic ce
17、ntre, Giotto went beyond regional barriers and the effect of his art was felt throughout the peninsula (半岛). In his lifetime Giotto has raised painting to a prestigious level among the arts, to such a high level that it influenced sculpture.Italian painting can be said to have changed greatly with t
18、he appearance of Giotto than ever before.The motivation Giotto gave to the arts was so great that it determined the fate of European painting.By the middle of the fourteenth century Europe had already become aware of Giottos new ideas, which agreed with the growing secular tendency in European socie
19、ty.语篇解读：乔托，意大利杰出的画家，被认定是意大利文艺复兴时期的开创者，被誉为“欧洲绘画之父”。1. Before the later half of the 13th century_.A. fine arts of Middle Ages was the main streamB. Renaissance art was the main streamC. Florence school began to disappearD. Giotto became a great artist解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段可知，13世纪后半期，美术发生了很大的变化，从中世纪美术向文艺复兴美术
20、转变。由此可判断出在13世纪前半期，中世纪美术为主流。故答案为A。2. What does the author mean by saying “Giotto is the first name in European painting since antiquity”in Paragraph 2?A. Giotto is the artists first name.B. Giotto is the man who started European painting.C. Giotto is the most important painter in Europe since antiqui
21、ty.D. Giotto is the name of a most famous European painting.解析：选C句意理解题。从第二段看出，本段讲述这位艺术家的巨大成就，而题目中的这句话正好支持这段的主题。所以这句话就是为了表明他在绘画界的地位。3. From the third paragraph we can learn_.A. Giotto thought painting was a “mechanical” artB. Giotto didnt get great respect in FlorenceC. Giotto owned European banking
22、housesD. Giottos art affected the whole Italy解析：选D细节理解题。根据本段最后一句话“.the effect of his art was felt throughout the peninsula (半岛)”可知，他的艺术作品影响了整个意大利半岛。4. The main theme of the passage probably is_.A. the Renaissance in ItalyB. Giotto, a great artistC. Florence schoolD. fine arts of Middle Ages解析：选B主旨大意
23、题。纵览全文可以看出本文是一篇人物介绍的文章，所以主题应是B项“乔托一位伟大的艺术家”。BIt is a tiny portrait of one of the most powerful women of the Renaissance.And for more than 50 years the old BBC journalist Charles Wheeler kept the picture of Eleonora of Toledo on his bookshelf.But yesterday Wheeler returned the painting to Berlins Gem
24、ldegalerie after discovering that it was a priceless original looted (掠夺) from the museum during the Second World War, not a copy as he had thought.Wheeler, 83, acquired the 16thcentury portrait by the Florentine artist Alessandro Allori from a German farmer who dropped in to the BBCs West Berlin of
25、fice.“It was 1952.At the time people could move freely between East and West，”he said yesterday.“We were doing a programme called Letters Without Signature, where people living in the eastern zone could write a letter.The farmer reached into his pocket, took out a brown envelope and said it was a we
26、dding present for me.” The farmer claimed he had got it from a Russian soldier in exchange for two sacks of potatoes to make vodka.Over the next 50plus years Wheeler, one of the BBCs most distinguished foreign journalists, took the miniature (小画像) with him.“I was burgled four times over the years，”h
27、e said.“People were always taking my TV and radio.But they ignored the painting.”It was only last year while making a BBC radio series on missing art that Wheeler realised the painting could have been stolen.After contacting the Londonbased Commission for Looted Art in Europe the work was swiftly id
28、entified as a minor masterpiece and returned yesterday to Berlins picture gallery, where it was last seen in 1939.Yesterday Anne Webber, cochair of the commission, hailed (赞扬) the work as one of the “earliest diplomatic portraits of a woman”. “Its a charming painting，” she said.The miniature depicts
29、 (描绘) Eleonora of Toledo，whose husband Cosimo de Medici was one of Renaissance Italys most powerful men.语篇解读：一位记者得到一幅意大利文艺复兴时期一位妇女的画像，但他以为是复制品，因此并没有在意。在保存了50多年以后，他最后得知画像是柏林艺术馆在二战中被盗的真品，于是他把这幅画归还给了该艺术馆。5. Charles Wheeler kept the miniature on his bookshelf because_.A. he thought it was of little valu
30、eB. he thought it would be safer thereC. he liked the picture very muchD. he wanted it to be seen by others解析：选A细节理解题。从第二段最后可知，这位BBC记者本来以为这是一件复制品，并没有重视。6. The miniature was probably taken from the Berlins picture gallery by_.A. a burglarB. a German farmerC. a Russian soldierD. a worker at the galler
31、y解析：选C推理判断题。由第三段可知，这幅画是一个德国农民从一个俄国士兵手中用两袋土豆换来的。由此可以推断，该画很可能在战乱中落入一个俄国士兵手中。7. In what way is the miniature considered to be priceless?A. It survived the Second World War.B. It depicts a powerful woman of the Renaissance.C. It is a masterpiece by a famous artist in Germany.D. It was painted more than
32、50 years ago.解析：选B推理判断题。从第一段和最后一段可知，这是一幅意大利文艺复兴时期一位重要妇女的画像，它具有重大意义。8. From the passage we can learn_.A. the painting was drawn by a woman of the RenaissanceB. Allori gave the journalist the painting as a wedding presentC. Charles Wheeler has kept the painting for over 50 yearsD. Eleonora of Toledo w
33、as one of the most powerful men in Italy解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段和第三段中的倒数第三句话可知，他保存这幅画已经50多年了。CThe medieval (中世纪的) artists didnt know about perspective; they didnt want to make their people look like real individual people in a real individual scene.They wanted to show the truth, the eternal (永恒的) quality of
34、 their religious stories.So these artists didnt need to know about perspective.In the European Renaissance period, artists wanted to show the importance of the individual person and his or her possessions and surroundings.A flat medieval style couldnt show this level of reality and the artists neede
35、d a new technique.It was the Italian artist Brunelleschi who discovered the technique of perspective drawing.At first the artists of the Renaissance only had a singlepoint perspective.Later they realized that they could have twopoint perspective and still later multipoint perspective.With twopoint p
36、erspective they could turn an object (like a building) at an angle to the picture and draw two sides of it.The technique of perspective which seems so natural to us now is an invented technique, a part of the “grammar of painting”. Like all bits of grammar there are exceptions about perspective.For
37、example, only vertical and horizontal surfaces seem to meet on eye level.Sloping roof tops dont meet on eye level.For 500 years, artists in Europe made use of perspective drawing in their pictures.Nevertheless, there are a range of priorities (优先顺序) that artists in displaying individual styles.Crive
38、lli wanted to show depth in his picture and he used a simple singlepoint perspective.Cezanne always talked about space and volume.Van Gogh, like some of the other painters of the Impressionist period, was interested in Japanese prints.And Japanese artists until this century were always very strong d
39、esigners of “flat” pictures.Picasso certainly made pictures which have volume and depth.However, he wanted to keep our eyes on the surface and to remind us that his paintings are paintings and not illusions (幻觉). It is technically easy to give an illusion of depth.However, a strong twodimensional de
40、sign is just as important as a feeling of depth, and perhaps more important.语篇解读：本文主要介绍文艺复兴时期出现的透视绘画技巧及其对现代艺术的影响。9. The passage mainly discusses_.A. the difference between medieval and Renaissance artB. how the technique of perspective influenced the modern artC. the discovery of the technique of pe
41、rspectiveD. the contributions of Renaissance artists解析：选B主旨大意题。本文主要介绍文艺复兴时期出现的透视绘画技巧及其对现代艺术的影响。10. According to the passage, which may be the main concern for medieval artists?A. The individual person and his/her possessions and surroundings.B. Real people, real scenes.C. Eternal timeless truth of t
42、he earth.D. Themes of religious stories.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知中世纪的艺术家们主要从事与宗教故事有关的绘画。11. Whats the authors purpose of giving the example in Para.3?A. To explain how perspective work in painting.B. To support twopoint perspective.C. To show that there are exceptions about perspective.D. To point out t
43、hat the technique of perspective is an invented technique.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第三段可知透视法有例外之处，后面的例子就是为了说明这些例外之处。因此选C项。12. It can be inferred from the passage that Renaissance artists_.A. welcomed the medieval style of eternal truthB. needed to develop a new approach towards painting to show a new level of re
44、alityC. were inspired by vertical and horizontal surfaces in inventing the technique of perspectiveD. saw twodimensional design more important than a feeling of depth解析：选B推理判断题。读完全文可知，文艺复兴时期的艺术家们为了展示现实发明了透视法。因此本题选B项。The RenaissanceFor many people, the Renaissance means 14th to 16th century Italy, an
45、d the developments in art and architecture, music and literature which took place there at that time.But there is one work which, perhaps more than any other, expresses the spirit of the Renaissance: the Mona Lisa.It is believed to be the best example of a new lifelike style of painting that amazed
46、people when it was first used.Painted by Leonardo da Vinci in the years 15031506, the Mona Lisa is a mysterious masterpiece.People want to know who Mona Lisa is, and why she is smiling.Even if people do not know much about the Renaissance, they have heard of this painting.But the Renaissance is, of
47、course, more than just Mona Lisa.Renaissance is a French word which means “rebirth” and it first appeared in English in the 19th century.The word was used to describe a period in European history which began with the arrival of the first Europeans in America, an age of exploration, and the beginning
48、 of the modern world.It was as if Europe was waking up after the long sleep of the Middle Ages.From Italy, the ideas of the Renaissance rapidly spread northwards to France, Germany, England, and the rest of Europe.Trade with other parts of the world meant that Europe was getting richer, too.This mea
49、nt that people had money to spend on the arts; and it became easier for artists to find people who could afford to buy their works or employ them.Leonardo worked for important people such as the Duke of Milan, and, towards the end of his life, the King of France.Renaissance artists found new ideas f
50、or their work in classical Greece and Rome.But they looked forward, too, by opening new frontiers in the arts.Painters discovered how to use perspective and the effects of light; composers put different voices together and created polyphony (“many voices”); architects preferred designing buildings w
51、ith more light which contrasted with the heaviness of the Gothic cathedrals of the Middle Ages.The sense of exploration which motivated the artists went hand in hand with a new type of philosophy.After centuries of accepting a medieval world view in which human life was considered of little value co
52、mpared with the greatness of God, philosophers began asking questions like “What is a person？” or “Why am I here？” For the first time, they put people, not religion, at the centre of the universe.The Renaissance was a time of scientific invention, too.Leonardo, as well as being one of the greatest p
53、ainters the world has ever known, was also a skilled inventor.Wherever he went, he carried a notebook around with him, in which he wrote down his ideas.They included detailed drawings of the human body, plans for engineers to build canals and bridges, and astonishing drawings of machines which were
54、not to be built until hundreds of years later, such as aeroplanes, parachutes, submarines and tanks.Towards the end of his life he was employed by the King of France to do scientific research, and he did not have a lot of time for painting.In short, Leonardo was an extraordinary genius, an example o
55、f what has been described as “Renaissance man”： someone interested in everything and with many different talents.But even if his only contribution to history had been the Mona Lisa, it would have been genius enough for all time.文艺复兴对于很多人来说，文艺复兴指的是1416世纪时期的意大利，及其当时在艺术、建筑、音乐以及文学领域的发展。但有一件作品可能比其他的任何作品都
56、更能表达文艺复兴的精神蒙娜丽莎。它被认为是一种新的形象逼真型绘画的最好代表，这种绘画风格一经使用就使人们惊叹不已。蒙娜丽莎由莱奥纳多达芬奇于1503到1506年期间绘制而成，是一件神秘的杰作。人们想知道蒙娜丽莎是谁，她又为什么在微笑。即使是对文艺复兴了解不多的人，他们也都听说过这幅作品。当然文艺复兴不仅仅是蒙娜丽莎。文艺复兴是一个法语单词，意为“再生”，于19世纪首次出现在英语中。这个词被用来描绘随着首批欧洲人抵达美洲而开始的那段欧洲历史，这是一段探险的历史，也是现代世界史的开端。经历了中世纪的沉睡之后，欧洲似乎要苏醒过来了。从意大利开始，文艺复兴的精神很快向北传遍了法国、德国、英国以及欧洲的
57、其他国家。与世界其他地方的贸易意味着欧洲也在变得更加富裕。也就是说人们有钱来花费在艺术上，对于艺术家来说想要找到人来购买他们的作品或者雇用他们也更容易。莱奥纳多为一些重要的人物工作过，比如米兰公爵，在晚年他也曾经为法国国王工作过。文艺复兴的艺术家从古希腊以及古罗马的文献中来寻找他们作品的灵感。而他们也通过开辟新的艺术领域来展望未来。画家们发现了怎么样来利用透视以及光的作用；作曲家们将不同的声音合到一起创造了复调音乐(“许多音调”)；相比于中世纪哥特式教堂的沉重来说，建筑师们则更喜欢设计更加光亮的建筑。这种激发艺术家的探索意识与一种新型的哲学携手共进。几个世纪以来，哲学家们都持有中世纪的世界观，
58、认为与上帝的伟大相比人的生命很渺小。现在他们开始提出诸如“人为何物？”以及“我为何存在？”这样的问题。有史以来第一次，他们将人而不是宗教放在了整个宇宙的中心。文艺复兴也是一个科学发明层出不穷的时代。作为举世公认的最伟大的画家之一，莱奥纳多同时也是一个出色的发明家。不管走到哪里他都随身携带一个笔记本，以便(随时)记录下自己的想法。这些包括人体的细致素描、供工程师建造运河和桥梁的设计以及一些令人震惊的直到数百年之后才被造出来的机器制图，例如飞机、降落伞、潜水艇以及坦克。在晚年，莱奥纳多受法国国王委托去做一些科学研究，所以很少有时间从事绘画创作。简言之，莱奥纳多是一个非凡的天才，一个被描述成“文艺复兴人物”的典范：一个对凡事皆有兴趣并有诸多才能的人。但即使他对历史的贡献仅仅是一幅蒙娜丽莎，这也已经是恒久的天才作品。
