1、Section_Grammar 复习动词形式()语法图解探究发现The light moved and a surprised face looked out.The man asked us to follow him on our raft and we all went back to the steamboat.Later he became a journalist and began writing stories about life on the river.We climbed quietly in and as we paddled away we heard the tw
2、o men shouting.But I persuaded him to help me, and we found the mens boat tied to the other side of the steamboat.There were two men standing over him.I dont want to board a sinking ship.When he heard that, the frightened man on the floor started crying.It looks as if itll go under soon.Although I w
3、as frightened, I also felt curious.She kept silent.Edison finally became a great inventor.我的发现(1)句中的黑体部分分别在句中作什么成分？作定语；作宾补；作宾语。(2)句中的系动词为became，表语是名词；句中有两个系动词；句中的表语都是形容词；句中的系动词为looks，表语是as_if引导的从句。本模块重点复习不定式作宾语和宾语补足语的用法、动词ing形式作宾语和宾语补足语的用法、动词ed形式和动词ing形式作定语和表语的用法以及连系动词的用法。一、不定式作宾语和宾语补足语的用法1不定式作宾语下列动
4、词只能用不定式作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀：决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装；主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish; refuse, manage, care, pretend; offer, promise, choose, plan; agree, ask/beg, help。此外，afford, strive, happen, wait, threaten等也要用不定式作宾语。She pretended not to see me when I passed by.当我经过时，她假装没看见我。They c
5、ould not afford to spoil those maps by careless colouring.若是上色的时候不小心弄坏了那些地图，他们可承担不起。即时演练1完成句子What do you plan_to_do during the holidays?你打算在假期里做什么？He promised_to_turn_over a new leaf and study harder.他保证重新开始，更加努力地学习。They have decided_to_go to the seaside for their holidays.他们决定去海边度假。2不定式作宾语补足语(1)后跟不
6、定式作宾语补足语的常见动词有：force, beg, allow, wish, intend, expect, encourage, advise, persuade, permit, warn等。变为被动语态后，宾语补足语就成了主语补足语。My parents didnt allow me to smoke.我父母不允许我吸烟。Peter, my English teacher, always encourages us to study hard.我的英语老师彼得总是鼓励我们要努力学习。(2)下列动词(短语)后的宾语补足语的不定式常省略“to”，请牢记下面的口诀：吾(五)看三室(使)一厅(
7、听)see, look at, notice, watch, observe; let, have, make; hearI often hear him sing that song.我经常听到他唱那首歌。I saw him play in the park.我看见他在公园里玩。名师点津这种句子变成被动语态时，省掉的动词不定式符号“to”需要还原。He is often heard to sing that song.人们经常听到他唱那首歌。(3)后跟“to be形容词”作宾语补足语的常见动词有：find, think, consider, expect, believe, suppose,
8、 know, understand等。I never expected him to be so determined.我从没料到他是如此坚决。即时演练2用所给词的适当形式填空Try to persuade him to_come (come)The doctor advised me to_take (take) more exercise.His joke made us laugh (laugh) our heads off.Someone was heard to_come (come) up the stairs.Let those in need understand (under
9、stand) that we will go all out to help them.二、动词ing形式作宾语和宾语补足语的用法1动词ing形式作宾语下列动词或词组只能用动名词作宾语，请牢记下面的口诀：考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟 没得 想；避免错过继续练，否认完成 就 欣赏；禁止想象 才 冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon; admit, delay/put off, fancy (想象，设想); avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice; deny, finish
10、, enjoy/appreciate; forbid, imagine, risk; cant help (禁不住), mind, allow/permit, escape。另外，be used/accustomed to, lead to, devote to, go back to, stick to, object to, get down to, pay attention to, cant stand (无法忍受), give up, feel like, insist on, thank .for, apologize for, be busy (in), have difficu
11、lty/trouble (in), have a good/wonderful/hard time (in), spend time (in)等短语和动词词组后也要用动名词作宾语。He suggested going to visit our grandparents.他建议去看望我们的(外)祖父母。You should give up playing computer games.你应该放弃玩电脑游戏。名师点津有些动词既可跟动词不定式也可跟动词ing形式作宾语，但有时意义差别很大。rememberregretmeango on forgetYou should say sorry to yo
12、ur brother.No, I dont regret quarrelling with him.你应该向你的兄弟道歉。不，我不后悔与他吵架。I regret to tell you that you have been dismissed.我很遗憾地告诉你你被开除了。即时演练3用所给词的适当形式填空He is considering buying (buy) a new house.Young people may risk going (go) deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.I meant to_go (go)
13、, but my father didnt allow me to.Remember to_tell (tell) him the news when he comes back.I remember returning (return) the book to the library last week.2动词ing形式作宾语补足语后跟动词ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词：see，hear, notice, watch, keep, find, feel, get, have, leave等。He kept the car waiting at the gate.他让车在门口等着。I thi
14、nk it hard to get the old man talking.我认为让这个老人开口说话很难。名师点津感官动词(词组)see, watch, observe, look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel的宾语补足语有四种形式，以hear为例：I heard a girl singing upstairs.我听到一个女孩正在楼上唱歌。(表示一个主动、正在进行的动作)I heard a girl sing upstairs.我听到一个女孩在楼上唱歌。(强调唱歌的事实)I heard the song being sung.我听到有人正在唱这首歌。(表示
15、一个被动、正在进行的动作)I heard the song sung.我听到有人唱过这首歌。(表示一个被动、完成的动作)即时演练4翻译句子昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调看见了他干活这一事实)I_saw_him_work_in_the_garden_yesterday.昨天我看见他正在花园里干活。(强调看见他正在干活这一动作)I_saw_him_working_in_the_garden_yesterday.我在超市购物时看到一位女士的包被抢了。(强调被动)I_saw_a_woman_robbed_of_her_bag_when_I_went_shopping_in_the_supermar
16、ket.三、动词ing形式和动词ed形式作定语的用法1动词ing形式作定语与被修饰词之间是主动或进行关系；动词ed形式作定语与被修饰词之间是被动或完成关系。Look! The young girl chatting with our teacher is my sister.看！那个和我们老师聊天的年轻女孩是我姐姐。This is the money collected for the project.这是为这个项目募集到的钱。2某些具有使动意义的动词ed形式表示心理感受或心理状态，常被译作“感到的”，常修饰人或表示人的声音、嗓音或表情等。而其ing形式常表示事物的性质特征，常译作“令人感到的
17、，令人的”，常修饰物。即时演练5(1)用所给词的适当形式填空Tom had an unusual and interesting (interest) life.The frightened (frighten) children were calling for their mothers.There was a surprised look on his face when he saw the surprising scene.(surprise)(2)单句改错The boy read a book by the river is very excellent.readreadingSh
18、e is a teacher loving by all the students.lovinglovedYou cannot accept an opinion offering to you unless it is based on facts.offeringoffered四、动词ing形式和动词ed形式作表语的用法动词ing形式作表语表示主语的性质；动词ed形式作表语表示主语所处的状态或主语的感受。The music is much pleasing to the ear.这段音乐非常悦耳。They are satisfied with their present job.他们对现在
19、的工作很满意。即时演练6完成句子What you have said is_disappointing (令人失望)I am_disappointed (失望的) about what you have done.The scene in the TV play is_touching (令人感动)They were_touched (受感动的) by the scene after they saw the TV play.五、连系动词1用法连接主语和表语(表示主语身份、性质、状态)，连系动词后一般可跟名词、形容词等作表语。2分类(1)状态系动词：beThese shoes are too
20、tight for me.这双鞋我穿太小。(2)持续系动词：表示主语继续或保持一种状态或态度，主要有keep, remain, stay, lie, stand。He remained single all his life.他一辈子单身。Please stay seated.请继续坐着。(3)表象系动词：表示“看起来好像”，主要有seem, appear, look等。The doctor seemed very capable.那名医生似乎很能干。He appeared quite well.他看起来身体很棒。(4)感官系动词：表示“起来”，主要有feel(摸起来，感觉), smell (
21、闻起来), sound (听起来), taste (尝起来，吃起来)等。The meat smells terrible.这肉闻起来很难闻。The music sounds nice, doesnt it?这音乐听起来很好听，不是吗？(5)变化系动词：表示主语变成什么样，主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run。Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.我们的国家正变得越来越强大了。Shes growing fat.她正在长胖。(6)终止系动词：主要有prove, turn out (结果是
22、，证明是)等。His story proved true.His story proved to be true.他的故事证明是真的。即时演练7(1)完成句子Our grandmother looks_very_worried today.今天奶奶看上去很担心。He always keeps_silent at the meeting.他总是在会议上保持沉默。This kind of cloth feels_very_soft.这种布摸起来很软。(2)翻译句子随着年龄的增长，我们也变得更聪明了。(get)We_get_wiser_as_we_get_older.她最后成了一位著名的歌唱家。(b
23、ecome)She_finally_became_a_famous_singer.她的计划证明是成功的。(turn out)Her_plan_turned_out_(to_be)_a_success.单句语法填空1Because of the bad weather, we suggested putting (put) off the meeting till tomorrow.2Our teacher made us do (do) some cleaning after school.3I finally persuaded them to_help (help) the girl.4A
24、t last she found her watch lying (lie) under the desk.5The girl found the thunder frightening. She was frightened by the loud noise.(frighten)6I considered it to be a very exciting story but my friend wasnt excited at it.(excite)7Please remain seated (seat); the winner of the prize will be announced
25、 soon.8The woman sitting (sit) there, dressed (dress) in a blue shirt, is Lilys teacher.9The room is empty except for a bookshelf standing (stand) in one corner.10The manager was satisfied (satisfy) to see many new products developed (develop) after great efforts.单句写作1I remembered_to_lock_the_door b
26、efore I left the office, but forgot_to_turn_off the lights.我离开办公室之前记得锁门却忘记关灯了。2We were_excited_to_hear that Wang Yaping was coming.听说王亚平要来，我们都很兴奋。3The person standing_over_there is my elder brother.站在那儿的那个人是我的哥哥。4The beggar lay there and saw people_coming_and_going.那个乞丐躺在那儿，看着人们来来往往。5The traffic lig
27、hts grew/turned_green and I pulled away.交通灯变成绿灯了，我开车走了。.短文改错My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven. He wanted teach me about animals, insects and trees. My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting.One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue.
28、Just then a bird was flying over us. My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird. Neither of the arrows hit the target. Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky they were looked like rain! We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.That day I didnt learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!答案：第二句：teach前加to第三句：comecame第四句：havehaving第六句：immediateimmediately; onat第七句：NeitherNone第八句：waswere; 去掉were或去掉looked第九句：butand第十句：aan