1、.拼写单词1What sort of substance (物质) could withstand those temperatures?2He has only one aim (目的) in life to become rich.3At this stage (阶段) its impossible to know whether our plan will succeed.4When water boils (沸腾) it turns into steam.5Metals contract (收缩) as they get cooler.6The substances are forme
2、d (形成) from a mixture of liquids solidifying (凝固) under pressure.7We were dressed up for the party but she was still in her ordinary (普通的) clothes.8His modest business eventually expanded (扩展) into a supermarket empire.9If you add too much liquid (液体), the mixture will not be thick enough.10You can
3、float (漂浮) very easily in/on the Dead Sea because its so salty.拓展词汇1mixture n混合物 mix v混合2electricity n电 electrical adj.与电有关的；用电的3conclusion n结论 conclude v得出结论；结束4react v反应 reaction n反应5equipment n设备；装备 equip v装备；配备 6partial adj.部分的；局部的 partially adv.部分地；偏袒地part n部分巧记单词词根词形变化构词点拨concludeconclusion动词加
4、-sion构成名词reactreaction动词加-(t)ion构成名词equipequipment动词加-ment构成名词.补全短语1add .to .往加入2react with 与起(化学)反应3in_conclusion 最后；总之4put .in order 把按顺序排列5keep .out of 把关在外面6think of 想；考虑7find out 弄清楚；查明1教材原句Twothirds of the earths surface is water.地球表面三分之二是水。句型点拨分数词作主语时谓语动词的单复数问题。佳句赏析我们四分之三的工作要用电脑做。Three quarte
5、rs of our work is done by the computer.2教材原句It is hard to think of a world without metals. 一个没有金属的世界是难以想象的。句型点拨It isadj.to do .。佳句赏析对美好的事物感恩很容易，然而，硕果累累的人生属于那些对挫折也心存感激的人。It is easy to be thankful for the good things, while a life of rich fulfillment comes to those who are also thankful for the setbac
6、ks.3教材原句Here is a table with the metals that react most at the top, and the metals that react least at the bottom. 这里有一个表格， 反应强的金属在上面， 反应弱的在下面。句型点拨here置于句首，主语是名词，句子用全部倒装语序。佳句赏析Alice, 生日快乐，送你一件礼物。Alice, happy birthday! Here is a small gift for you. 4教材原句A quarter is the same as 25 percent (25%)四分之一相当
7、于百分之二十五(25%)。句型点拨the same as“和一样”为固定结构，as不可换作其他词，as后可接名词、代词、副词，也可接从句。佳句赏析我的包和你的一样。My bag is the same as yours.1Twothirds of the earths surface is water.(P41)地球表面三分之二是水。“分数(百分数)of名词(代词)”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于of后的名词或代词的单复数形式。Only onethird of the work has been done by now.到现在为止仅完成了三分之一的工作。Twothirds_of_the_
8、students_agree_to hold an evening party for their teachers birthday.三分之二的学生同意为老师的生日举行一个晚会。名师点津在英语中，表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子大于1时，表示分母的序数词要用复数，分母若是2和4，分别用half和quarter代替。1/3 one-third4/5 four-fifths3/7 three-sevenths 3/4 three quarters2It is hard to think of a world without metals.(P44)很难想象一个没有金属的世界。 本句中
9、it为形式主语，不定式短语to think of . 是真正的主语。It is not easy to finish the task in such a short time. 在这么短的时间内完成这项任务不容易。(1)在It isadj.(for sb.) to do sth.句型中，形容词只能说明不定式所表示的行为的性质或特点，不能说明不定式的执行者。常见形容词：difficult, easy, hard，important，impossible，necessary，possible等。(2)在It isadj.(of sb.)to do sth.句型中，形容词说明不定式的逻辑主语的品行
10、、性格、性质等，该句型通常可改为sb.beadj.to do sth.。常见形容词：nice, good, stupid, silly, careful等。(3)It isadj./ nthat从句。(4)It is no good/usedoing sth. “做某事是没有好处/用的”。Its_very_important_for_us_to_learn English well. 对我们来说，学好英语很重要。It_is_very_nice_of_you_to_help me. 你能帮助我真是太好了。It_is_no_good_trying that method, because it w
11、ont work.尝试那种方法没有意义，因为它不起作用。3Different metals have different uses, for example, steel is used in cars, and iron is used in electrical equipment.(P44)不同的金属有不同的用途，例如，钢被用于汽车，铁被用于电器设备。equipment n设备；装备The store sells tents and other camping equipment. 这家商店出售帐篷和其他野营设备。equip v装备equip sb./sth. with sth. 用某物
12、装备某人/某物be equipped with . 装备着equip sb. for . 使某人有能力做Their schools are_very_poorly/well_equipped. 他们学校装备简陋/齐全。The soldiers were_well_equipped_with weapons and ammunition. 士兵们装备好了武器和弹药。A good education should equip_you_for life. 良好的教育能使你受用终生。名师点津equipment为不可数名词，表示一件器材时要用a piece of equipment。4The react
13、ion of metals with these substances can be put in order. (P44)金属与这些物质的反应程度可以按顺序排列起来。put . in order 把按顺序排好Put everything in order before you leave the room.离开房间前把所有的东西都整理好。(1)in order 有序(地)；整齐out of order 无序(地)；发生故障in the order of . 按照的次序(2)in order (not) to do 为了(不)做某事in order that . 以便；为了Ive got a
14、mechanic who keeps my car in_order我有个汽车修理工，他把我的车保养得很好。If you know that your worklife balance is out_of_order then you need to change that.如果你知道你的工作和生活之间的平衡出现了问题，那么你需要改变。In_order_to_do this you have to build up confidence. 为了做到这一点，你一定要建立起自信。5Which of the metals in the table reacts the most with oxyge
15、n and water？(P44)表格中的哪一个金属与氧气和水反应最厉害？react v反应，起作用，反动Irons easily react with water. 铁与水很容易反应。(1)react to 对作出反应，起反应react with 与产生化学反应react against 反对；反抗(2)reaction n. 反应；起作用(常与介词to连用) Will the people ever react_against this dictator? 有朝一日人民会起来反抗这个独裁者吗？We wondered how he reacted_to the news.我们想知道他对这个消
16、息反应如何。Her arrest produced an immediate reaction from the press. 她被捕的事立刻在新闻界引起反响。6Aim: To find out if iron rusts (a) in dry air；(b) in water that has no air in it (airfree water)；(c) in ordinary water.(P45)目的：验证铁在下列情况下是否会生锈：(a)在干燥的空气中；(b)在不含空气的水中；(c)在普通的水中。aim n目标，目的v.对准目标；打算Take careful aim at the t
17、arget before firing. 开火之前仔细瞄准目标。(1)with the aim of .为了 take aim (at .) 瞄准() (2)aim .at . 用瞄准/对准aim to do sth./aim at doing sth. 旨在做，打算做 be aimed at . 旨在；目的在于We must aim at_increasing/to_increase exports. 我们要力求增加出口货物。Our cooperation is open and transparent, and is_aimed_at mutual benefit and common d
18、evelopment.我们的合作是开放的、透明的，目的是实现互利共赢、共同发展。He_aimed_his_gun_at_the target, fired and missed it. 他用枪瞄准目标开火，却未打中。7Add some oil to the water.(P45)在水中加些油。add . to . 把添加到 Add some milk to coffee. 在咖啡里加点牛奶。add to增加；增添add up 加起来；有意义add up to 加起来达到；意味着That will add_to my pleasure.那样会增加我的乐趣。The waiter added_up
19、the food check.侍者把饭菜的钱算了一下。His whole school education added_up_to no more than one year.他的整个学校教育加起来总共不到一年。8This will keep air out of the water.(P45)这会将空气隔在水外。keep . out of .使不进入；使置身于之外Keep the dog out of the study. 别让那只狗进入书房。keep off 避开；不让接近keep up with 跟上；不落后；赶上keep away from 远离；离开；不参与Keep_off_the
20、bad dog in order that to be bitten by it. 远离那条恶狗，以防被它咬到。He is studying hard to keep_up_with his classmates. 他正努力学习以赶上他的同学。9Conclusion Iron does not rust in dry air.(P45)结论铁在干燥的空气中不生锈。conclusion n结论；结束What led you to that conclusion? 什么导致你产生那种结论？(1)arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion (from sth.
21、)(从中)得出结论make a conclusion 下结论in conclusion 最后；总而言之(2)conclude vt. 下结论；推断；结束I arrived_at/drew/came_to/reached_the_conclusion_that he had been lying. 我看他是在撒谎。In_conclusion,_our job is important. It is not only a source of income, but also a source of pride and achievement.总之，工作很重要，它不仅仅是收入的来源，也是自尊及成就感
22、的来源。10Iron rusts in ordinary water.(P45)铁在普通水中会生锈。ordinary adj.普通的，平常的In the ordinary way he would have come with us, but hes not feeling well. 在一般情况下他都和我们一起来，只是他现在身体不舒服。I like to wear ordinary clothes. 我喜欢穿平常的衣服。易混辨析common强调“常见的，不足为奇的”，意为“共同的， 公共的， 共有的， 普通的”，短语：common sense“常识”ordinary(与众多同类的东西相比)强
23、调“平常的，平淡无奇的”usual “通常的；惯常的；惯例的”，强调依照惯例来判断；有“遵循常规”之意。短语：as usual“像往常一样”normal 指“正常的，正规的，常态的，一般的”。短语：return to normal“恢复正常”选用以上词语填空The doctor said the childs temperature was normal. Smith is a very common last name in England. She had an ordinary dress on. Yesterday morning she came into the classroom
24、 as usual. This kind of dance show is very common on TV and is popular with ordinary young people, especially with high school students.单句语法填空1Is it necessary to tell his father everything?2There has been a very different reaction (react) to the decision.3These measures are aimed at preventing viole
25、nt crime.4We can safely draw some conclusions from our discussion.5The teacher asked me if I was ready, adding (add) that everybody was waiting for me at the school gate.6A computer is the most important piece of equipment (equip) you will buy.7Many chemical substances react with oxygen.8He studied
26、hard every day, aiming (aim) at passing the exam.9Each student dipped (蘸) a finger into the mixture the teacher had mixed and tasted it.(mix)10Now onethird of the country is (be) covered with trees.11No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when its better to_remain (remain) silent.12I
27、t is very kind of you to help the blind man.13This is a piece of board at the gate of the building, which reads: Keep out without permission.14Air expands (expand) when heated.15Help in the form of money will be very welcome.完成句子1照料那位病人是我的职责。It_is_my_duty_to_care_for the patient.2孩子们倾向于违背父母的愿望来反抗父母。
28、Children tend to_react_against_their parents by going against their wishes.3厨房里的每样东西都井然有序。Everything in the kitchen is in_good_order4把这些数字加起来，弄清楚总计是多少。Add_up all the figures and find out what they add_up_to5我们班里五分之三的学生是女生。Threefifths_of_the_students_in_our_class_are girls.一句多译1三加四等于七。Three_added_to_
29、four_makes_seven.Three_and_four_add_up_to_seven.If_you_add_three_to_four,_you_get_seven.Three_and_four_is/makes_seven.2你真粗心在作文中出现了那么多错误。You_are_careless_to_make so many mistakes in your composition.It_is_careless_of_you_to_make so many mistakes in your composition.3四分之三的学生通过了英语考试。Three_out_of_four_o
30、f_the_students_have_passed_the_English_test.Three_quarters_of_the_students_have_passed_the_English_test.课文缩写语法填空Different metals have different 1.uses (use). When we use metals, it is important 2.to_know (know) how they react 3.with different substances. The 4.reaction (react) of metals with these s
31、ubstances can 5.be_put (put) in order. From the table, we can find potassium reacts 6.the most with oxygen and water 7.while copper 8.doesnt_react (not, react) with water. 9.When we heat calcium in oxygen, it burns 10.to_form (form) an oxide.对应学生课时达标训练(十八).根据提示写出单词的正确形式1At first, our company was ver
32、y small, but after purchasing some smaller ones, it soon expanded (扩大) into a large one.2Workers reacted (反应) angrily to the latest news of more job losses at the factory.3Her conclusion (结论) was that the situation would never become better.4He lives in an ordinary (普通的) house in the small town.5Owi
33、ng to lack of enough markets, investment and manpower, the company had to contract (收缩) its business.6It was only a partial (part) solution to the problem.7They looked at him with a mixture (mix) of horror and envy.8It was concluded that he didnt tell us the truth. I came to the conclusion that he l
34、ied.(conclude)9Our office is equipped with a lot of advanced equipment(equip)10I wanted to know how the students reacted to my words and your reaction(react).选词填空add . to .; put . in order; keep . out of; react with; think of; aim at1He lifted his gun and aimed_at the bird in the tree. 2You should k
35、eep the dog out_of our babys room.3I love it because I look at it everyday and think_of everyone in it!4Add some wood to the stove. This will keep the fire going.5Iron reacts_with water and air to produce rust.6Dont throw your clothes about. Put_them in_order.完成句子1最近的雨天增加了我们的困难。The recent rainy weat
36、her added_to_our_difficulties2著名科学家下周将给我们做如何预测地震的报告，这是真的吗？Is_it_true_that the famous scientist will give us a lecture on how to predict earthquakes next week?3这个区域的五分之二的土地被树和草覆盖着。Twofifths_of_the_land in the district is_covered_with trees and grass.4最后，我要感谢你们为我做的一切。In_conclusion,_Id like to thank yo
37、u for all youve done for me. 5妈妈总是批评他把东西放得乱七八糟，但令她满意的是，今天他把它们摆放得很整齐。His mother was always scolding him for leaving things out_of_order,_but to her satisfaction, he put_them_in_order today.阅读理解AThe food we eat seems to have a great effect on our health. Although science has made big steps in making f
38、ood more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of human illness is related to food and forty percent of cancer is related to food as well. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, some researche
39、rs realized that things commonly used to keep colors in meats and other food additives (添加剂) caused cancer. Yet, these additives remain in our food, and it is difficult to know which things on the wrappings (包装) of foods are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farme
40、rs often give penicillin (青霉素) to their animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of cows. Sometimes similar things are supplied to animals not for their health, but just to make a profit. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to get a higher price on
41、 the market. Although some countries have tried to control such things, the practice continues.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，讲述的是食物可以让我们生存，但是现在的很多疾病也是与食物有关的，告诉我们要特别注意自己所吃的食物。1According to this passage, we can know _Aperhaps most kinds of cancer are related to what people eat Bperhaps most of human illness is caused
42、 by what we eat Ccancer was discovered in 1945 Dscience has made food unfit to eat解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段“Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of human illness is related to food and forty percent of cancer is related to food as well.”说明百分之八十的疾病都是由我们吃的食物引起的。故B项正确。2Things that are used to kee
43、p colors in meats are _AharmfulBuselessChelpless Ddangerous解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1945, some researchers realized that things commonly used to keep colors in meats and other food additives (添加剂) caused cancer.”说明这些让肉着色的添加剂会导致癌症。那么对人体是有害的，故A正确。3People use additives to _Amake food more unfit to eatBcause
44、 cancerCchange the color of the foodDtake off the diseases of the food解析：选C常识判断题。根据常识可知人们使用添加剂，主要是改变食品的颜色，所以选C。4Which of the following is NOT true?ASome wrappings of food are harmful. BFarmers try to make more money on the market by fattening their animals. C“The practice continues” means “Things ar
45、e still going on like that”. DWe neednt take care of what we eat.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段“The food we eat seems to have a great effect on our health. Although science has made big steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perha
46、ps eighty percent of human illness is related to food and forty percent of cancer is related to food as well.”说明食物可以让我们生存，但是现在的很多疾病也是与食物有关的。说明对于我们的食物我们要特别注意。故D项正确。BAre you interested in doing scientific experiments? If you are, follow the following instructions and do an experiment in your home.NAME
47、: Candle time and room temperatureMATERIALS: 15 mediumsize wax candles, air conditioning, a space heater, a nail or a fork, and three thermometersINSTRUCTIONS：1Come up with your hypothesis (假设) do you think that candles will burn faster in warm or cold environments?2Measure your candles. They should
48、 all be brandnew, so all of them should have the same length.3Run the airconditioner in one room, space heater in another, and leave another room at a mild temperature. Leave a thermometer in each room and wait for the temperature to adjust (one hour or so)4Write down the temperature in each room.5P
49、lace 5 candles in each of the rooms and light them. Return every 15 minutes to measure all of the candles. Keep a separate data sheet for each room, and track the time, temperature, and length of all 5 candles in each.6When all 15 candles have burned out, plot your results on a graph with time on th
50、e xaxis (horizontal) and average length in each room on the yaxis. At the end, you should have a graph with three lines on it, all sloping down. Do they slope down at different rates? Are the results the same as your hypothesis?TIP: These science projects for kids can also be done without air condit
51、ioning or a heater: simply place one candle in the refrigerator (preferably without anything else in it, since the smoke will make for an unpleasant taste), and one under a 40watt bulb. Make sure to place thermometers next to the candles.5In the experiment, what is the use of the thermometers?ATo me
52、asure candles.BTo measure temperature.CTo record the results.DTo help fix the wax candles.解析：选B推理判断题。根据INSTRUCTIONS中第三点的“Leave a thermometer in each room and wait for the temperature to adjust”可推断thermometers是用来测量温度的，所以选B。6What is the purpose of doing this experiment?ATo find out how to make better
53、use of candles.BTo find out if candles burn faster in warm or cold environments.CTo teach people how to do scientific experiments at home.DTo find out why candles burn differently in different environments.解析：选B推理判断题。根据INSTRUCTIONS中第一点“Come up with your hypothesis (假设) do you think that candles will
54、 burn faster in warm or cold environments？”可推断这个实验的目的是来观察蜡烛在冷的环境里还是在热的环境里燃烧得更快，所以选B。7The lines on the yaxis are drawn to_Ashow the temperature in each roomBtrack the time that was used to burn the candlesCshow the average length of the candles in detail in each roomDdescribe your hypothesis about th
55、e time needed to burn the candles解析：选C细节理解题。根据INSTRUCTIONS中第六点的“average length in each room on the yaxis”可知yaxis是用来显示每个房间里的蜡烛每隔一个时间段后长度的平均值，所以选C。8After reading this passage, we can know all the following EXCEPT_Awhere thermometers are placed in such an experimentBwhy air conditioning is required in
56、such an experimentChow such an experiment is carried on without a heater in the roomDa candle burns much faster in a warm environment解析：选D细节理解题。作者并没有给出最后的结果，故我们不知道蜡烛是否在热的环境里燃烧得更快，所以选D。.任务型阅读How to Make FriendsFriendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends. Good fri
57、endship has many benefits. It offers companionship, improves selfworth and promotes good health. There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leave us without a friend. 1._ But for many of us the process is diffi
58、cult and requires courage. Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.Associate with others.The first step to making friends is associating with other people. You can go to public places to meet new people. Besides, you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active m
59、ember of such places.Start a conversation.Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends. 2._ You can always start the conversation. Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people.3_Choosing friends with common interests is importa
60、nt in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together. Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience. Let it grow.It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or h
61、er out and finally you may lose your friend. 4._ The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.Enjoy your friendship.The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. 5._Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of fr
62、iend you will want your friend to be to you.ABe cheerful.BDo things together.CDo not wait to be spoken to.DTry not to find fault with your friends.EMaking new friends comes easy for some people.FFor a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.GSo you will need to give your friend time to react
63、 to you. 语篇解读：本文提供了5个步骤，教你如何交朋友。1解析：选E考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。后面一句“But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.”句意：但对很多人来说这个过程很困难，需要勇气。可知前面说对某些人来说交朋友很简单， 与E选项内容“Making new friends comes easy for some people.”相对应，故选E。2解析：选C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。后面一句“You can always start the conversation.”句意：
64、你可以开始一段谈话。可知前面说不要总等着人家说话，与C选项内容“Do not wait to be spoken to.”相对应，故选C。3解析：选B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。这一段的大意就是要和朋友有共同的兴趣爱好，一起逛街，与B选项内容“Do things together.”相对应，故选B。4解析：选G考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。这一段指要让友谊自然发展。根据上一句“However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or
65、 her out and finally you may lose your friend.”句意：不要老是打电话发短信给朋友。可知也要让朋友联系你，而不是一味的你去联系他或她，与G选项内容“So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.”相对应，故选G。5解析：选D考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。这一段指的是不要抹杀朋友的天性，后一句说“Try not to .”可知前面也是同样的结构，与D 选项内容“Try not to find fault with your friends.”相对应，故选D。.小作文训练(请根据汉
66、语提示把语段补充完整)I thought_of (想到) an experiment done by my teacher the other day. Here are the steps of the experiments. First, put a piece of copper at_the_bottom (在底部) of the tube. Then, add_some_mixture_of_water_and_salt_to (在中加些盐和水的混合物) the tube. Leave it for two days, to find_out (发现) if oxide can be produced. Last, put other metals into the mixture and put_the reaction of the metals in_order (把按顺序排列). After experiment, they came_to_a_conclusion (得出结论) that copper doesnt react_with (与反应) salt.
