1、课时跟踪练(三) Lesson 2 & Lesson 3 Pre-reading.阅读理解APeople should listen to music for no more than one hour a day to protect their hearing, the World Health Organization suggests.It says 1.1 billion teenagers and young adults are at risk of permanently damaging their hearing by listening to “too much, too
2、 loudly”. WHO figures show 43 million people aged 1235 have hearing loss and this number is increasing. In that age group, half of people in rich and middleincome countries were exposed to unsafe sound levels from personal audio devices. Meanwhile 40% were exposed to damaging levels of sound from cl
3、ubs and bars. The percentage of US teenagers with hearing loss went from 3.5% in 1994 to 5.3% in 2006.Dr Etienne Krug, the WHOs director for injury prevention, told the BBC, “What were trying to do is raise awareness of an issue that is not talked about enough, but has the potential to do a lot of d
4、amage that can be easily prevented.”The full report argued, “While it is of vital importance to keep the volume down, limiting the use of personal audio devices to less than one hour a day would do much for reducing noise exposure.”The World Health Organization recommends keeping the volume to 60% o
5、f the maximum as a proper way for listening. For people on plane or train, it says noisecancelling (降噪) headphones allow music to be heard clearly at a lower volume. And the WHO adds that earplugs (耳塞) should be worn at noisy places and advises taking “listening_breaks” now and then.“We do realise t
6、hat many risk factors linked to pleasure are not easy to change, but we have to make people aware，” Dr Krug said.But as well as calling for personal responsibility, the WHO says governments and companies have a responsibility. It says clubs should provide relaxing rooms and give out free earplugs, h
7、eadphone companies should set limits on the volume, and governments need to adopt stricter laws.Paul Breckell, the chief executive of the charity Action on Hearing Loss, said，“When listening to loud music, for every three decibels (分贝) increase in level, to stay safe you should cut half of your list
8、ening time.”语篇解读：世界卫生组织(WHO)研究发现，每天听音乐的时间超过1个小时有损人类听力。保护听力健康，已经是一个不容回避的世界性话题。1The best way to reduce noise exposure is to _.Araise awareness of the hearing loss issueBprevent a lot of potential hearing damage Ckeep the volume down and listen for no more than one hour a day Duse noisecancelling headp
9、hones and earplugs解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，C项正确。2The underlined part “listening breaks” in Paragraph 4 refers to _ .Ahearing lossBpauses at listeningClistening damage Dlistening time解析：选B词义猜测题。根据第四段“earplugs (耳塞) should be worn at noisy places and advises taking listening breaks now and then” 可知，要时常休息
10、“break”，即暂停“pause”。3Which of the following should NOT take the responsibility of hearing damage?Aindividuals BWHOCgovernments Dcompanies解析：选B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句“But as well as calling for personal responsibility, the WHO says governments and companies have a responsibility.”可知B项正确。4What is the main ide
11、a of the passage?AWHO finds listening to music for more than one hour a day damages your hearing.BWHOs suggestions on the best way of listening to music in peoples life.CKeeping the volume to 60% of the maximum is a proper way for listening.DThat three decibels increase in listening means cutting ha
12、lf of your listening time.解析：选A主旨大意题。根据文章第一句可知，A项正确。B项错在the best way of listening to music, C项和D项符合文章的部分内容，但不是主旨。BWhat are the two things that make humans different from animals? One is the language and the other is music. It is true that some animals can sing. However, the songs of animals like bir
13、ds are very limited. It is also true that humans, not animals, have developed musical instruments.Music is a strange thing. Its clearly different from the language. However, people can use music to communicate especially to express their emotions. When music is combined with speech in a song, its a
14、very powerful form of communication. If music is truly different from speech, then we should process (加工；处理) music and languages in disparate parts of the brain. The scientific study suggests this is true. For example, Vissarion Shebalin, a Russian composer (作曲家), had a stroke (中风) in 1953. It injur
15、ed the left side of his brain. He could no longer speak or understand speech. He could, however, still compose music until his death ten years later. On the other hand, sometimes strokes cause people to lose their musical ability, but they can still speak and understand speech.Why does music have su
16、ch a strong influence on us physically and emotionally? Thats a hard question to answer. Geoffrey Miller, a researcher at University College, thinks that music and love have a strong connection (联系). Music requires special talent, practice and physical ability. For example, playing a musical instrum
17、ent requires fine muscular (肌肉) control. You also need a good memory to remember the notes (音符). Finally, when a man sings to the woman he loves, it may be a way of showing off.However, Millers theory still doesnt explain why certain combinations of sounds influence our emotions so deeply. For scien
18、tists, this is clearly an area that needs further research. 语篇解读：本文主要介绍音乐的重要性及对音乐的相关科学研究。5The purpose of the first paragraph is to show that _.Amusic is more important than languagesBhumans music is different from animalsChumans are cleverer than animals in music Dmusic also makes man different from
19、 animals解析：选D推理判断题。根据第一段“What are the two things . the other is music.”可知，此段旨在说明音乐同样也将人与动物区分开来。6The author mentioned “Music is a strange thing.” to show that _.Amusic is different from languagesBmusic can be used to communicateCmusic can be combined with speechDmusic can be played by animals as well
20、解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段“However, people can use music to communicate especially to express their emotions.”和“its a very powerful form of communication”可知，音乐能用来交流，这确实令人感到奇怪。7The underlined word “disparate”can be replaced by “_”Asoft BimportantCdifferent Dspecial解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第三段第三至七句可知，这位作曲家因为中风丧失了语言能力，却依然能够
21、作曲；此外，有时中风导致病人失去音乐能力，却依然有语言能力，也就是说，大脑中处理语言和音乐的部分是不同的。CA serious defeat I suffered when I was only 10 years old helped send me to the Olympics and made me the 1968 Olympic Ice Skating Champion. It acquainted me with a deadly competitor the other Peggy Fleming.Just before that, I had been rollerskatin
22、g and playing baseball. But Dad encouraged me to take skating lessons. And soon I was winning local figureskating (花样滑冰) awards. Then came the Pacific Coast Championship in Los Angeles.I, a very confident young girl, proud of the praise of friends and newspapers, walked into the stadium expecting to
23、 add another laurel (桂冠) to my recent victories. Out on the ice, I thoroughly enjoyed myself, skimming through the camel spin, double axle, paragraph three, and all the other figures (动作) I knew so well. But when the results were announced, out of 12 competitors I had finished last. “You didnt skate
24、 your best！” I knew that only one person had beaten me that day myself, my own selfsatisfaction.When I trained for the Olympics, Id practice the same 69 figures over and over, eight hours a day, six days a week. A skater must do five figures for the Olympics, but you arent told until the last minute
25、 which figures these will be. So you must have_all_69_down_pat. Often in the middle of practicing a figure, the other Peggy Fleming would whisper, “Good enough! Why push yourself so hard？” And then Id remember my lesson in Los Angeles.Now I skate professionally. But I still face this deadly competit
26、or. I firmly believe that each of us has been given a special talent. If we bury our talent in our own selfsatisfaction and simply do not want to make the effort, we fail our world and ourselves.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者通过自己的亲身经历向我们讲述了骄傲自满的可怕后果。8The other Peggy Fleming mentioned in Paragraph 1 refers to _.Aan
27、elderly athleteBthe author herselfCthe authors fatherDa previous champion解析：选B推理判断题。由第三段中的“only one person had beaten me that day myself, my own selfsatisfaction”和第四段中的“Often in the middle of practicing a figure, the other Peggy Fleming would whisper”可知，这里的Peggy Fleming 指的就是作者自己，故选B项。9Upon knowing h
28、er result at the Pacific Coast Championship, the author might feel _.Aquite calm Bextremely luckyCreally excited Dvery disappointed解析：选D推理判断题。由第三段中的“expecting to add another laurel (桂冠) to my recent victories”和“when the results were announced, out of 12 competitors I had finished last”可知，作者会很失望，故选D项
29、。10By saying “have all 69 down pat”， the author means that a skater must _.Aknow all 69 figures very wellBwork out all figures in 69 daysCperform all 69 figures in public Dknock down all 69 competitors解析：选A词义猜测题。由第四段内容可知，比赛时只需表演5个动作，但是这5个动作在赛前才会公布，所以作者需要将这69个动作全都熟练地掌握，故选A项。11What can we learn from t
30、he authors story?AA good beginning makes a good ending. BIn time of danger, ones mind works fast.CPride goes before, and shame comes after.DNone are so deaf as those who will not hear.解析：选C推理判断题。作者通过讲述自己在一次比赛中因为自满而惨败的故事，向我们说明了这样一个道理：骄傲使人落后。.阅读七选五Get yourself lostTravelers to a new city are often enc
31、ouraged to take a bus tour. _1_But thats nonsense! What we see from the inside of a fastmoving bus is unreal, fully removed from the authentic (真实的) sights, sounds and smells outside.The best way to experience any destination (目的地) is by foot, without a plan, wandering where your spirit leads you. “
32、But what if I get lost？” people ask. _2_ You can easily return to the center of town by taking a bus with the words “Central Station” on its front. Besides, if you do get lost, you can stop at a sidewalk cafe to sit and relax and then ask directions from the locals at the next table.Here are a few w
33、ays to make the most of your travels：1Know before you go. Before you start, spend time in a library or bookstore, learning about the history and culture of your destination._3_2Move around like a local. _4_Youll not only save money, but learn how people live there.3_5_If you must book a guided tour,
34、 select the nonstandard, inexpensive kinds led on foot.So, the next time you feel attracted by a sightseeing bus tour, save your money and instead, wander around on your own. I promise you a time youll remember fondly.ATake a walking tour.BRead the guidebook carefully.CUse the local subways and buse
35、s.DNo one ever gets completely lost in a major city.EIf so, you will better understand the place youre visiting.FThe free bus can give you a chance to join or meet the locals.GThe thinking is that it allows us to do some sightseeing easily on the bus.语篇解读：本文是说明文。作者推荐了几条外出旅游时的窍门。1G根据下文作者认为大多数人推荐的巴士旅游毫无意义可知，空格处是人们喜欢乘坐大巴旅游的原因。故选G项。2D根据前一句人们的提问“But what if I get lost？”和下一句作者提到乘坐公交车和询问当地人的办法可知，在大城市没有人能完全迷路。3E出发前查询旅游目的地的历史和文化，可以让旅游者更好地了解这个地方。4C根据本段的小标题Move around like a local，像本地人一样使用当地交通工具，不仅省钱还能了解当地人的生活方式。5AA项中的“a walking tour”与本段中的“select the nonstandard, inexpensive kinds led on foot”相呼应。