1、Section_Learning_about_Language.高频单词点击1sowvt.&vi.播种；传播sown/sowed(过去分词)sowern播种者2correspondvi.通信；符合correspondencen通信；符合；对应correspondent/correspondingadj.对应的；相当的；符合的3owevt.&vi.感激；欠(债等)owingadj.未付的，欠着的4enclosuren围地；围场enclosev围绕5authorityn权力；权威；当局6desperateadj.不顾一切的；绝望的desperationn绝望；失望；神经过敏7shrinkvt. &
2、vi.收缩；(使)皱缩；缩短shrank(过去式)shrunk/shrunken过去分词shrinkagen收缩，缩小.重点短语必记1succeed in doing sth成功地做某事2dream of. 梦想3correspond with与通信4owe.to把归功于；欠5relate to有关，涉及6get out of. 从中逃脱/摆脱.常用句型必备1In the early days there were not nearly _as_many women migrants as there were males，so many of the men remained bachelo
3、rs.2Many dreamed of having a wife who would share their life and work alongside them as they built houses and established farms.单元语法聚焦The Predicative(表语)单词点击1correspond vi.通信；符合Mr. Brown and his wife had corresponded for many years before they met.布朗先生与妻子通信多年后才相会。Your account and hers do not corresp
4、ond.你说的情况与她说的不相符。correspond with/to.与相符/相一致correspond with sb. 与某人通信correspond to sth.类似于某物；相当于某物correspondence n对应，相当；相符，一致；通信，信件in correspondence with.和一致；与有通信联系corresponding adj.相应的，相当的；符合的，一致的correspondent n记者；adj.一致的；符合的；相当的The arms of a man correspond to the wings of a bird.人的双臂如同鸟的双翼。He has c
5、orresponded with me about the problem.关于这个问题，他跟我有过书信往来。His actions do not correspond with his words.他言行不一致。(1)They have been _(相互通信)for many years.(2)A secretary came in twice a week_(处理他的信件)(3)She_(不再与他通信) after the death of her mother.答案：(1)in correspondence with each other(2)to deal with his corr
6、espondence(3)stopped corresponding with him2owe v感激；欠I owe my teachers and parents a great deal.我深深感激老师与父母。How much do I owe you？我还欠你多少钱？owe sb.sth.欠某人某物owe sb.a favour 欠某人情owe sb.an apology 向某人致歉owe.to. 把归功于owe it to sb.to do sth. 认为应该为某人做某事owe it to yourself to do sth. 认为自己应该做某事She owes her succes
7、s to good luck.她把成功归功于幸运。This country owes billions of dollars to foreign creditors.这个国家欠外国债权人数十亿美元。You owe it to your staff to be honest with them.与下属坦诚相待，这是你对他们应有的态度。We owe_Newton_the principle of gravitation.Ato；不填 B不填；不填Cto；to D不填；to解析：选Aowe.to.“把归功于”。3authority nU，C权威；权威人士；权力；职权；当局He spoke with
8、 the voice of authority.他以权威的口气说话。You dont have any authority for entering this house.Its private.你们没有任何权力进入这所房子，这是私宅。authority over对的凌驾be an authority on 在方面是权威authorize v. 准；授权；委托authoritative adj. 有权力的；有权威的；当局的authorization n. 批准，授权She is an authority on criminal law.她是刑法专家。She now has_the people
9、 who used to be her bosses.Aauthorities over Bauthority overCauthorities on Dauthority on解析：选Bauthority over“管辖着”，为固定短语。authorities一般指“当局”。4desperate adj.不顾一切的；绝望的；铤而走险的；亡命的；极度渴望的His failure made him desperate.他因失败而铤而走险。The man lost in the desert was desperate for water.在沙漠中迷失方向的人极度渴望得到水。desperately
10、 adv.绝望地；极度地desperation n. 不顾一切；绝望hopeless，desperate(1)hopeless是不抱有任何希望而甘愿忍受可能发生的一切。Its hopeless trying to convince her.要说服她是没有希望的。(2)desperate指因绝望而不顾一切，铤而走险。The prisoners grew more desperate.囚徒们在绝望中更加不顾死活了。He was so desperate_a job that he would have done anything.Aat BtoCfor Dwith解析：选Cdesperate“极度
11、渴望的”，和for搭配，表达“渴望得到”之意。5shrink v(shrank；shrunk/shrunken)收缩；(使)皱缩；缩短；变小；减少Will this shirt shrink in the wash?这件衬衫洗后缩水吗？The number of students has shrunk from 120 to 70.学生人数已从120人减至70人。a shrinking violet胆小或怕羞的人shrink away/back from sth./sb. 退缩；畏缩shrink from (doing) sth. 不愿做某事I will not shrink from doi
12、ng what is right.只要做得对，我绝不畏惧。Shortage of hands_our plants yearly output.Ahave shrunk Bhas shrunkChas shrank Dhave shrank解析：选Bshortage为不可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数，故A、D两项错误；shrink的过去分词为shrunk，故选B项。短语精析1dream of/about梦见，梦想；向往The soldier dreamed of home.这个士兵梦见了家。He dreams of becoming a pilot.他一心想当飞行员。dream away/
13、out/through虚度(时间、光阴)dream upthink upmake up 设想出来；编造wouldnt dream of. 不含有想法go to ones dreams 进入梦乡dream a dream 做一个梦He dreamed_a movie star when he was young.Abecoming BbecameCof becoming Dof became解析：选Cdream of doing sth.为固定短语。2be related to与有关的；属于同一家族或种类等His fear of people is deeply related to his u
14、nhappy childhood.他对人的畏惧和他不幸的孩提时代有密切的关系。Are you related to Margaret?你与玛格丽特是一家吗？relate v把联系起来；讲述relate to有关；涉及；与直接相关；和和睦相处related adj. 有关系的；有亲戚关系的relation n. 亲戚；关系；联系in relation to. 关于；与相比bear no relation to. 与无关relationship n. 关系relative n. 家人，亲属，亲戚adj. 比较的，相比的He_to us the story of his escape.Aexplai
15、ned BspokeCtold Drelated解析：选D句意：他向我们讲述了他逃跑的经历。relate有“讲述”之意。句型归纳In the early days there were not nearly as_many women migrants as there were males，so many of the men remained bachelors.早期的移民之中女性相对较少，因而很多男性只能独身。句中as many women migrants as there were males，第一个as是副词，修饰many；第二个as是连词，引导从句there were males
16、。形容词、副词的原级与比较常用句型：(1)双方在程度、性质、特征等方面相等时，用“as原级adj./adv.as.”结构；如果涉及数量，我们可用“asmany可数名词复数as.”或“asmuch不可数名词as.”。Youre as tall as your father.你和你父亲一样高。There are as many league members in our class as in their class.我们班团员和他们班一样多。(2)双方不相等时，用“notso/asadj./adv.as.”。Things didnt go so/as smoothly as we had exp
17、ected.情况不像我们预料的那样顺利。(3)如果一方是另一方的若干倍时用“倍数asadj./adv.as.”或“倍数adj./adv.比较级than”或“倍数thesize(height，length，weight，width，etc)of.”。This room is three times as large as that one.This room is twice larger than that one.This room is three times the size of that one.这间房子是那间房子的三倍大。as many as，as much as(1)“as ma
18、ny as数词可数名词复数形式”用来表示某人或某处拥有物品的数量。(2)“as much as数词不可数名词”常用来指金钱、距离、时间、重量、水量、雨量、热量等多方面的程度或数量 。(3)as much as可用来修饰动词，而as many as 不能。在不指具体事物时，用as many as和as much as皆可。The more I think about him，the more reasons I find for loving him_I did.Aas much as Bas long asCas soon as Das far as解析：选Aas much as表示“一样多”
19、，as much as I did意思是“尽量多地爱他”。表语表语与前面的系动词一起构成复合谓语，用来说明主语的特征、属性、状态、身份等。充当表语的可以是单词、短语或从句。1名词He turned doctor after school，as his parents had expected.正如父母所愿，毕业后他成了医生。2代词Whose sweater is that？那是谁的毛衣？Its mine.是我的。3数词She was the first to leave but the last to arrive.她是第一个走的，却是最后一个到的。Ill be eighteen in May
20、.到五月份我就十八岁了。4形容词The sky looks much higher in autumn.秋天天空看上去更高。5动词的ing形式和ed形式I am quite surprised to see you here.在这里见到你我感到非常惊讶。Its surprising that you havent met.你们两个人没有见过面这挺奇怪的。Wasting time is killing yourself.浪费时间就是浪费生命。6动词不定式或不定式短语My wish is to become an artist.我的愿望就是当一名艺术家。All I could do was wai
21、t until help came.我能做的就是等别人的帮助了。7副词及副词短语Im now downstairs，waiting for you.我正在楼下等你呢。Is anybody in？有人在吗？8介词短语We were at table when you called.你来访时我们正在吃饭。9名词性从句This is what I want to say.这就是我想说的话。1(重庆高考)The engine just wont start.Something seems _ wrong with it.Ato go Bto have goneCgoing Dhaving gone解析
22、：选B考查非谓语动词。句意：发动机启动不了了，它好像出问题了。动词seem后常接动词不定式，因此C、D两项不正确。由句意可知，go这一动作在start之前发生，故选B。2(福建高考)In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained _ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.Asticking BstuckCto be stuck Dto have stuck解析：选B考查非谓语动词。句意：四月份，成千上万的度假者由于火山灰的影响而被滞留在国外。此处remain为系动词，后接过去分词作表语，表示被动。3(四川高考)Gra
23、ndma pointed to the hospital and said, “Thats _ I was born.”Awhen BhowCwhy Dwhere解析：选D考查名词性从句。句意：奶奶指着医院说：“那是我出生的地方。”根据语境及句子结构可知，空格处用where引导表语从句。4(北京高考)The best moment for the football star was _ he scored the winning goal.Awhere BwhenChow Dwhy解析：选B考查表语从句。句意：对足球明星来说，最得意的时刻是踢进制胜球的时候。分析句子结构可知，_ he scor
24、ed the winning goal在句中作表语，是表语从句，根据句意这里应表示“当时候”，应用when，故选B。.单项填空1(天津高考)People have always been _ about exactly how life on earth began.Acurious BexcitedCanxious Dcareful解析：选A此题考查形容词辨析。句意：人们一直对于生命是如何在地球上开始的感到好奇。curious好奇的；excited兴奋的；anxious急切的；careful仔细的。故A项符合句意。be curious about“对好奇”，为习惯搭配。2(浙江高考)I ha
25、ve been convinced that the print media are usually more _ and more reliable than television.Aaccurate BridiculousCurgent Dshallow解析：选A考查形容词辨析。句意：我相信平面媒体要比电视有更高的准确度和可信赖度。此处用accurate“精确的，准确的”与后面的reliable“可信赖的，可依靠的”保持一致，故答案选A项。ridiculous可笑的，荒谬的；urgent紧急的，迫切的；shallow浅的，肤浅的。3(江苏高考)I prefer shutting mysel
26、f in and listening to music all day on Sundays.Thats _ I dont agree. You should have a more active life.Awhere BhowCwhen Dwhat解析：选A考查名词性从句。说话人在星期天喜欢一整天把自己关在家中听音乐，答话人对这一点不赞同。答语中“where I dont agree”是表语从句，表示的是抽象概念，where在从句中作地点状语。假如选择D项，agree后需要加上介词。4(辽宁高考)We only had D|S100 and that was _ to buy a new
27、computer.Anowhere near enough Bnear enough nowhereCenough near nowhere Dnear nowhere enough解析：选A考查形容词、副词的排列顺序。enough修饰形容词、副词时，通常要放在被修饰词语的后面。nowhere near为副词，意为“差得远，远不及”。句意：我们只有100美元。这笔钱远远不够买一台新电脑。根据语意选A项。5(全国卷)Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been _.Apopular
28、Bmore popularCmost popular Dthe most popular解析：选B考查形容词等级的特殊用法。句意：布莱克先生非常高兴，因为他的工厂生产的衣服从未如此受人欢迎。此处比较级与否定词连用表示最高级含义。6(上海高考)One reason for her preference for city life is _ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.Athat BhowCwhat Dwhy解析：选A考查名词性从句。句意：她偏爱城市生活的原因之一是在城市里很容易找到像商店和餐馆一样的地
29、方。系动词is之后是一表语从句，且从句的结构完整，不缺任何成分，所以用that引导。7(湖北高考)Mistakes dont just happen；they occur for a reason.Find out the reason，and then making the mistake becomes _.Afavourable BpreciousCessential Dworthwhile解析：选D考查形容词辨析。句意：错误不单单发生，它们的发生都是有原因的，找出原因，那么犯的错误也就值得了。A项是“赞同的，有利的”；B项是“昂贵的，宝贵的”；C项是“必要的，重要的”；D项是“值得的”
30、。8(四川高考)The school was moved out of downtown as the number of students had grown too _.Asmall BfewClarge Dmany解析：选C考查形容词的用法。修饰number的形容词可以是large或small，结合语意“因为学生数量增长过多，所以这所学校迁出了市区”可知答案为C。9(四川高考) Ladies and gentlemen，please remain_until the plane has come to a complete stop.Aseated BseatingCto seat Ds
31、eat解析：选A考查过去分词。remain seated“坐好，坐着不动”；seated既是过去分词，又具有形容词的特征，在句中作表语。10(江西高考)Frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be _to the kids.Aaccessible BrelativeCacceptable Dsensitive解析：选A考查形容词辨析。句意：Frank把药放在顶层抽屉中，以确保孩子们够不到。accessible表示“可以得到的，可以接近的”，通常与to搭配。后三项分别表示“相关的”“可接受的”“敏感的”。.
32、完形填空The position of children in American family and society is no longer what it used to be.The _1_family in colonial(殖民时期的)North America was mainly concerned with survival and _2_that，its own economic prosperity.Thus，children were_3_in terms of their productivity(生产能力)，and they played the role of p
33、roducer quite early._4_they fulfilled this role，their position in the family was one of subordination(附属)With the _5_of the society，the position of children in the family and in the society became more important.In the complex and technological society _6_the United States has become，each _7_must fu
34、lfill a number of personal and occupational _8_and be in contact with many other members._9_，viewing children as necessary members of society means that they are _10_more as people in their own right than as those of subordination.This acceptance of children as _11_participants in the family is refl
35、ected in various laws _12_the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs.This new _13_of children and the frequent contact between the members of society has also_14_an increasing interest in childraising techniques.People today spend much time _15_the proper way to _16_childre
36、n.Nowadays，the socialization of the child in the United States is a _17_transaction(事务)between parent and child _18_a oneway，parenttochild training_19_.As a consequence，socializing children and _20_with them over a long period of time is for parents a mixture of pleasure，satisfaction，and problems.1A
37、.poor BordinaryChappy Dwealthy解析：选B根据常理可知，happy和wealthy families不需要关注生存问题，而读上、下文可知文章不只是关注poor families的儿童。2A.except BforCbeyond Dthrough解析：选Cthat指代上文的survival，结合下文可知用beyond“除之外”。3A.supported BreceivedCencouraged Dvalued解析：选D根据上下文，孩子自身的价值通过其生产能力体现出来。be valued“被估价，价值体现在”，符合文意。be supported被支持；be receiv
38、ed被接受；be encouraged被鼓励，均不符合题意。4A.Until BAfterCAlthough DWhen解析：选Auntil“直到；在之前”，和延续意义的连系动词was一起使用，故这里孩子在家庭中所处的附属地位是指孩子在担当这一角色之前。5A.movement BachievementCdevelopment Drequirement解析：选Cwith the development of为固定短语，译为“随着发展”。6A.that BwhereCwhen Dwhat解析：选A这里是一个定语从句，先行词是the complex and technological society
39、，that在定语从句the United States has become中作become的表语，what不可以引导定语从句，where与when在定语从句中不作表语，一般只作状语。7A.parent BmemberCfamily Drelative解析：选B根据句意以及第二段第二句话中的many other members，可知选B项。8A.purposes BpromisesCroles Dtasks解析：选C从句意可知社会成员都必须在个人和工作上担当属于自己的角色，而不是task(任务)，也不是purpose(目的)或promise(许诺)。9A.Besides BHoweverCIn
40、stead DTherefore解析：选D上下文是因果关系，故选D项。10A.admired BregardedCmade Drespected解析：选Bbe regarded as为固定短语，意为“被看作，被当作”。11A.willing BequalCsimilar Dcommon解析：选B从句意可知，孩子们现在在家庭中所担当的角色从过去的附属关系转变到现在平等的合作关系。12A.enjoying BpreventingCconsidering Dprotecting解析：选D法律是用来保护孩子权益的。而不是enjoy(享受)，prevent(阻止)或consider(考虑)。13A.vi
41、ew BfaithCworld Dstudy解析：选Athe new view of children意为“对儿童的新看法”。14A.led in Bbrought inCresulted in Dtaken in解析：选C根据行文逻辑关系可知此处选“导致”。故选C项。如果选A应改为led to；bring in“引进，挣钱”和take in“吸收，欺骗”均不符合题意。15A.seeking BmakingCfighting Dworking解析：选A由上句可推出，人们花很多时间是去寻求抚养孩子的合适、恰当的方法。seek寻求。16A.nurse BpraiseCunderstand Drai
42、se解析：选D由前一句话childraising techniques可知答案。17A.onesided BmanysidedCroundway Dtwoway解析：选D由下文oneway可知，儿童的社会化已经成为父母和儿童双方的事务而不是仅由父母单方面对孩子的培养计划。故选D项。18A.more than Brather thanCbetter than Dless than解析：选B由前后逻辑关系可知，此空应为“而不是”，故选B项。19A.manner BmethodCprogram Dguide解析：选C通讲全文可知，文章讲的是父母对孩子成长所进行的培养或培训计划。而不是manner(方法，举止)；method(方法)或guide(指引，指导)。20A.talking BlivingCplaying Ddiscussing解析：选B“孩子走向社会”应与“与他们长时间生活在一起”对父母来说是矛盾着的。