1、十四Unit 4Discovering Useful Structures. 单句语法填空1. We came to a place that/which we had never paid a visit to before. 2. This is the school that/which we visited yesterday. 3. All the books that you borrowed from the library should be returned. 4. The man that/who is speaking now is Liu Fangs father. 5
2、. He was late for the opening ceremony, which was very surprising to all. 6. Lu Xun, whose real name is Zhou Shuren, was a famous writer. 7. The man who/that is walking on the playground is my old friend. 8. A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan. 9. Can you still remember the time that/
3、which we spent together in our childhood? 10. The typhoon that/which killed many people was really terrible. 11. Is there anything that you dont understand about the problem? . 使用定语从句将所给的两个句子合并成一个句子1. I have a friend. She likes playing table tennis very much. I have a friend who/that likes playing t
4、able tennis very much. 2. Tom was late for school again. It made the teacher very angry. Tom was late for school again, which made the teacher very angry. 3. The man used to be a football player. He is the chairman of the club. The man who/that is the chairman of the club used to be a football playe
5、r. 4. Kevin is reading a book. Its too difficult for him. Kevin is reading a book which/that is too difficult for him. 5. The boy helped me with my maths. He is running on the playground now. The boy who/that helped me with my maths is running on the playground now. 6. The girl speaks English well.
6、Her father is a teacher. The girl whose father is a teacher speaks English well. 7. The person is Mr Ball. You should refer to him about the matter. The person that/whom you should refer to about the matter is Mr Ball. 8. The pen writes well. It was given by my mother. The pen which/that was given b
7、y my mother writes well. 9. Mr Green lives in the house. Its window faces south. Mr Green lives in the house whose window faces south. 10. The girl is well dressed. She is a teacher in our school. The girl who/that is well dressed is a teacher in our school. . 阅读理解(2021莆田高一检测)A very dangerous situat
8、ion happened in California last week. More than 12 wildfires broke out in the state. Most of them began on October 8, in Northern California. They grew rapidly. The fires were made bigger by winds of up to 50 miles per hour and dry air in the area. At least 20 people have been killed, the state gove
9、rnment said. About 200 have been injured. At least 3, 500 homes and businesses have been destroyed. About 50, 000 people have been required to escape. Many left in a hurry, without time to take their personal things. “All the good stuff(东西)Im never going to see it again, ” Jeff Okrepkie said. He esc
10、aped from his Santa Rosa home. It was destroyed soon after he left. The fires burned through parts of eight counties(郡, 县). These include Sonoma and Napa. The areas are important to Californias economy(经济). They are home to many of the states vineyards(葡萄园) and wineries(酿酒厂). In 2016, Californias wi
11、neries made more than $57 billion. October is when wildfires usually produce the most ruins in California. But it is unusual for so many fires to start at once. Up to now, the government has not given a cause for any of the fires, many of which were still burning. 【文章大意】文章报道了加利福尼亚州的大火火势以及大火给人们的生活和经济
12、带来的影响。1. Why did the fires grow quickly? A. Most of the fires began in October. B. 12 fires happened at the same time. C. The state government didnt do anything. D. High-speed wind and dry air. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第一段“The fires were made bigger by winds of up to 50 miles per hour and dry air in the area.
13、”可知, 大火是因为每小时达50英里的大风及该地区干燥的空气而蔓延得快。故选D。2. How many people have to leave their homes? A. 50, 000. B. 200. C. 3, 500. D. 20. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第二段“About 50, 000 people have been required to escape. ”可知, 有50 000人需要离开他们的家园。题干中leave their homes在文中体现为动词escape。故选A。3. What is the biggest loss for California s
14、economy? A. Homes have been destroyed. B. Wineries have been burned. C. People have to leave their homes. D. Many people have been injured. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第三段可知, 大火烧到了加利福尼亚州葡萄园和酿酒厂的大本营Sonoma和Napa。它们是加利福尼亚州经济的重要组成部分。所以经济损失主要体现在葡萄园、酿酒厂被烧毁。故选B。【阅读多维训练】Up to now, the government has not given a cause for
15、any of the fires, many of which were still burning. 句式分析: 本句是一个复合句。句中many of which were still burning为非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词fires; up to now“直到现在”, 与现在完成时连用。译文: 直到现在, 政府还没有给出火灾起因的任何消息, 还有很多大火在燃烧着。. 完形填空(2021菏泽高一检测)Les Brown is one of the worlds greatest speakers. He is also a thought leader on self-improve
16、ment and1. However, Les found it difficult to learn knowledge when he was a2. During his school days, he was thought as “3to learn well” by the teachers and placed 4from 6th grade to 5th grade. To make things worse, he had a twin brother who was rather bright and 5 , so Les was 6by his classmates. O
17、ne day a teacher asked him to7a problem on the blackboard, but Les 8and said that he couldnt. “Of course you can, ” the teacher replied 9. “Young man, come here and solve this problem for me. ”“But I cant, ”10 Les. “Im a silly boy”. The rest of the class burst (爆发) into 11. At that point, the teache
18、r stepped out from behind his desk and looked Les straight in the eye. “Dont ever say that again, ” he told him firmly. “Someone elses opinion of you does not have to become your 12. ”Les never13those words, and spent the rest of his life facing 14, setting and following his goals. Time and time aga
19、in, thanks to the teachers powerful words, Les has been famous all over the world. Do remember: you have 15within you. 【文章大意】文章主要记叙了美国著名演说家Les Brown的人生历程, 他曾经不自信, 但是老师的鼓励改变了他。1. A. problem-solvingB. goal-settingC. money-makingD. job-hunting【解析】选B。句意: 在自我完善和目标设定方面, 他也是一位思想领袖。problem-solving解决问题; goal
20、-setting设立目标; money-making赚钱; job-hunting找工作。由全文可知, 该空涉及确定目标, 与文末“setting and following his goals”呼应, 故选B。2. A. studentB. teacherC. speakerD. leader【解析】选A。句意: 然而, 当Les还是个学生的时候, 他发现学习知识很困难。student学生; teacher老师; speaker演讲者; leader领导。由后文“During his school days” 可知为学生时期, 故选A。3. A. curiousB. afraidC. una
21、bleD. eager【解析】选C。句意: 在他上学的时候, 老师认为他“学不好”, 把他从六年级留级到了五年级。curious好奇的; afraid害怕的; unable不能的, 不会的; eager渴望的。结合后文“from 6th grade to 5th grade”从六年级到五年级可推断老师认为他学不好, unable to do sth. “不能做某事”。故选C。4. A. awayB. forwardC. backD. off【解析】选C。句意: 在他上学的时候, 老师认为他“学不好”, 把他从六年级留级到了五年级。 结合后文“from 6th grade to 5th grad
22、e”可知将他留级了, place back此处表示“留级”。故选C。5. A. awkwardB. stupidC. naughtyD. talented【解析】选D。句意: 更糟糕的是, Les有一个非常聪明有才华的孪生兄弟, 所以他被同学们嘲笑。awkward尴尬的; stupid愚蠢的; naughty淘气的; talented有才能的。该处应与bright并列, 表示Les的兄弟“聪明有才能”, 与Les形成鲜明对比, 故选D。6. A. laughed atB. cared aboutC. knocked downD. looked into【解析】选A。句意: 更糟糕的是, Les
23、有一个非常聪明有才华的孪生兄弟, 所以他被同学们嘲笑。laughed at嘲笑; cared about关心; knocked down拆掉; looked into调查。由前文可知, Les成绩差, 却有个优秀的哥哥, 因此他会受到同学们的嘲笑, 故选A。7. A. solveB. discussC. faceD. choose【解析】选A。句意: 一天, 老师要他解黑板上的一道题, Les拒绝了, 说他不会。结合后文“a problem on the blackboard”可知, 老师让Les解黑板上的题, 故选A。8. A. answeredB. refusedC. repliedD.
24、accepted【解析】选B。answered回答; refused拒绝; replied回答; accepted接受。由后文“said that he couldnt”可知Les 认为自己不会, 拒绝作答, 故选B。9. A. surprisinglyB. anxiouslyC. angrilyD. encouragingly【解析】选D。句意: “你当然能解出来。”老师鼓励地说。 surprisingly惊人地; anxiously焦急地; angrily愤怒地; encouragingly鼓励地。前文“Of course you can”体现出老师对Les的鼓励, 故选D。10. A.
25、insistedB. suggestedC. liedD. disagreed【解析】选A。句意: “但我不能, ”Les坚持说。 insisted坚持; suggested建议; lied撒谎; disagreed不同意。由上文“said that he couldnt”以及“But I cant”可知, Les坚持说自己解不出来, 再次拒绝解题, 故选A。11. A. angerB. laughterC. cheersD. tears【解析】选B。句意: 班上的其他同学突然大笑起来。anger愤怒; laughter笑声; cheers欢呼; tears眼泪。由上文“Im a silly
26、boy”可知, 班内同学因Les坚持说自己是笨小孩可推断班内同学哄堂大笑, burst into laughter“突然大笑”。故选B。12. A. riskB. spiritC. regretD. reality【解析】选D。句意: “别人对你的看法不一定要成为你的现实。”由语境可知, 不应该因别人的看法否定真实的自己, 故选D。13. A. keptB. rememberedC. forgotD. minded【解析】选C。句意: Les从未忘记这句话, 他的余生都在面对挑战, 制定并追随自己的目标。 kept保持; remembered记得; forgot忘记; minded介意。由后文
27、中“Time and time again, thanks to the teachers powerful words”可知, Les一直没有忘记老师的这句话, 故选C。14. A. truthB. challengesC. opportunitiesD. questions【解析】选B。句意: Les从未忘记这句话, 他的余生都在面对挑战, 制定并追随自己的目标。 truth真理; challenges挑战; opportunities机会; questions问题。由前后文语境“spent the rest of his life facing, setting and followin
28、g his goals”可知, Les余生面对挑战, 制定并追随目标, 故选B。15. A. happinessB. lonelinessC. darknessD. greatness【解析】选D。句意: 一定要记住: 你也有伟大之处。 happiness幸福; loneliness寂寞; darkness黑暗; greatness伟大。根据上文Les的故事可知, 只有认可自己, 发现自己的伟大(greatness)之处, 才能坚定不移地追随自己的目标, 应对挑战。故选D。. 语法填空(2021哈尔滨高一检测)The death toll from a powerful typhoon swe
29、eping across Chinas east coast rose to 30 on Sunday, with 1. least 18 still missing, after torrential downpours forced more than 1 million 2. (leave) their homes, the state news media reported. 3. (near) 5 million people in Zhejiang Province have been affected by the storm, Typhoon Lekima, 4. made l
30、andfall early Saturday, according to the reports. Many of the deaths occurred in Yongjia County, near the city of Wenzhou, when the collapse of a natural dam set off a flash flood that swept away several people, said CCTV. The typhoon, which packed winds of up to 116 mph, caused major travel disrupt
31、ions(中断) across the region, 5. (include) in Shanghai, with thousands of flights canceled and train operations suspended. Shanghai Disneyland was closed on Saturday. Officials in the city of Linhai, near Taizhou, said on Sunday that the typhoon 6. ( cause) the worst flooding there in the 70-year hist
32、ory of the Peoples Republic of China, with water levels as high as 36 7. (foot) causing major power failures. State news reports showed people wading through waist-high water in the centuries-old citys narrow alleyways. Lekima, Chinas 8. (nine) typhoon of the year, is expected to make 9. second land
33、ing on Sunday evening farther north in Shandong Province, the state news media said. 10. (much) air travel disruptions are possible. 【文章大意】主要讲述了台风“利奇马”对中国浙江地区造成的巨大损失和伤亡。1. 【解析】at。考查固定搭配。句意: 周日死亡人数上升至30人, 至少有18人仍然下落不明。分析句子可知, at least是固定搭配, 意为“至少”, 切合句意。故填at。2. 【解析】to leave。考查固定搭配。句意: 此前倾盆大雨迫使超过100万人
34、离开家园。分析句子可知, force sb. to do是固定搭配, 意为“迫使做”, 切合语境。故填to leave。3. 【解析】Nearly。句意: 据报道, 浙江省近五百万人受到台风“利奇马”的袭击, 台风“利奇马”于周六早些时候登陆。分析句子可知, 此处使用副词性成分作状语, 因此使用near的副词形式nearly, 且空处位于句首。故填Nearly。4. 【解析】which。句意: 据报道, 浙江省近五百万人受到台风“利奇马”的袭击, 台风“利奇马”于周六早些时候登陆。分析句子可知, 本句是非限制性定语从句, 先行词为Typhoon Lekima, 在从句中作主语, 因此使用关系词
35、which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。5. 【解析】including。句意: 台风风速高达每小时116英里, 造成了整个地区的重大旅行线路中断, 包括上海在内。分析句子可知, 空处缺少介词表示“包括”, 故填including。6. 【解析】had caused。句意: 台州附近的临海市政府官员周日表示, 台风造成了中国70年历史上最严重的洪水。分析句子可知, 时间状语为in the 70-year history, 且时间截止点为过去, 因此本句使用过去完成时。故填had caused。7. 【解析】feet。句意: 水位高达36英尺。分析句子可知, 此处表示长度单位, foot
36、表示单数, feet表示复数, 句中所给数量为36, 因此使用复数形式。故填feet。8. 【解析】ninth。句意: 官方新闻媒体说, 预计今年中国第九个台风“利奇马”将在周日傍晚于山东省北部再次登陆。分析句子可知, 此处表示第九个, 因此使用序数词形式。故填ninth。9. 【解析】a。分析句子可知, 不定冠词a/an+序数词表示“又一/再一”的意思, 符合本句语境。故填a。10. 【解析】More。句意: 可能会有更多的航空旅行中断。结合句意可知, 此处应用比较级, 且因此处位于句首, 故首字母大写。故填More。阅读填句Would you know what to do if a fi
37、re started in your home? Take the time now to review the following safety tips, and your family will be prepared in time of a fire in your home: 1An escape plan can help every member of a family get out of a burning house. The idea is to get outside quickly and safely. 2 So it is important to learn
38、and remember the different ways out of your home. Stay low. If you can see smoke in the house, stay low to the ground as you make your way to the exit. 3 You will breathe less smoke if you stay to the ground. Smoke naturally rises, so if there is smoke while you are using your escape route, staying
39、low means you can crawl (爬) under most of it. What if you cant get out right away? If you cant get out fast because fire or smoke is stopping an escape route, you will want to yell for help. You can do this from an open window or call 119 if you have a phone with you. 4 Then, firefighters will have
40、a hard time finding you. The sooner they find you, the sooner you both can get out. If your clothes catch fire, what should you do? Your clothes could catch fire during a fire or by accident if you step too close to a candle. If this happens, dont run! Instead, stop, drop to the ground, cover your f
41、ace with your hands, and roll. This will cut off the air and put out the flames. 5A. Know your way out. B. Preventing fires is in the first place! C. An easy way to remember this is: Stop, Drop, and Roll! D. Smoke from a fire can make it hard to see where things are. E. They will help you prepare fo
42、r what you need to do in case of a fire. F. Even if you are scared, never hide under the bed or in a closet. G. In a fire, smoke and poisonous (有毒的) air hurt more people than the actual flames (火焰) do. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。讲述的是在家里发生火灾时的应急措施。1. 【解析】选A。此空是一个小标题, 根据下文小标题, 可知应该用短小精悍的祈使句, 再根据下文提示“一个逃生计划可以帮助每个家
43、庭成员从着火的房子里出来。”可推知, A项(知道你的逃生出路)切题。2. 【解析】选D。根据下文提示“所以了解和记住走出家门的不同路线是很重要的。”可知, D项(火冒出来的烟会使人很难看清东西在哪里。)切题。3. 【解析】选G。根据上文提示“如果你能看到房子里有烟, 在你往出口走的时候, 身体低一点, 离地面近一点。”可知, G项(在火灾中, 烟雾和有毒的空气比火焰更伤人。)切题。4. 【解析】选F。根据下文提示“那么, 消防员将很难找到你。”可知, F项(即使你害怕, 也不要躲在床底下或壁橱里。)切题。5. 【解析】选C。上文提示“如果发生这种情况, 不要跑! 相反, 停下来, 倒在地上, 用手捂住脸, 然后滚动。这将切断空气, 扑灭火焰。”可知, C项(记住这一点的一个简单方法是: 停止、倒下和滚动! )切题。- 10 -
