1、Learning About Language.阅读理解APhiladelphias Magic Gardens makes up a folk art center, gallery space, and a nonprofit organization showcasing the works of mosaicist (镶嵌设计师) Isaiah Zagar.Zagar devoted himself to beautifying the South Street neighborhood in the late 1960s, when he moved to the area with
2、 his wife Julia.The couple helped the area by purchasing and repairing some old buildings, often adding colorful mosaics on both their private and public walls.The first such project was Julias folk art store, the Eyes Gallery at 402 South Street.Zagar started working on the Magic Gardens in 1998 in
3、 the deserted parking lot near his studio.He spent the next fourteen years sculpting multilayered walls and decorating the 3，000 square foot space.The installation (现代雕塑装置), primarily consisting of found objects and contributions from the community, finally covers half a city block with countless pa
4、tterns and colors.It shows Zagars many artistic influences, as well as the events and experiences of his life.In 2012, the owner of the parking lot decided to sell the land in response to rising South Street property values.Unwilling to witness the destruction of Zagars neighborhood art environment,
5、 the community rushed to support the artist.His creation, newly titled Philadelphias Magic Gardens, turned into a nonprofit organization with the intention of preserving and promoting Zagars works at the site of the Magic Gardens and throughout the South Street region.The Magic Gardens is now a perm
6、anent art institution that is open to visitors throughout the year.Trained guides are available to lead tours of the Magic Gardens and Zagars surrounding public wall paintings.In addition, it offers monthly mosaic workshops led by Zagar himself, and regularly hosts concerts, dance performances, and
7、other public events.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国费城的魔法花园的初创、成形、对它的保护等。1How did Zagar help the South Street neighborhood?AHe moved to the area with his family.BHe worked to improve its surroundings.CHe opened a folk art store with his wife.DHe managed to buy all the old buildings.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段中的Zagar de
8、voted himself to beautifying the South Street neighborhood及The couple helped the area by purchasing .and public walls.可知，他努力改善它的环境。2What does Paragraph 3 intend to tell us?AGreat achievements of Zagar.BSpecial skills of the installation.CLocation of the Magic Gardens.DEarly history of the Magic Gard
9、ens.解析：选D段落大意题。通读第三段可知，本段主要讲述了Zagar最初创办魔法花园的经历，即魔法花园早期的历史。故选D。3What do the local residents think of Zagars works?AThey harm environment.BThey can bring in profits.CThey should be removed.DThey are precious treasures.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第四段中的Unwilling to witness the destruction .the community rushed to supp
10、ort the artist.以及preserving and promoting Zagars works可知，社区居民将Zagar的作品视作珍宝，他们都在尽力支持他以及他的艺术创作。故选D。4What can tourists do in Philadelphias Magic Gardens?APaint the walls on the spot.BPut on music performances.CEnjoy some Zagars works.DAttend some dance courses.解析：选C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的lead tours of the Magic
11、 Gardens and Zagars surrounding public wall paintings以及it offers monthly mosaic workshops led by Zagar himself可知，经过培训的导游可带领游客参观魔法花园和 Zagar周围的公共围墙绘画，游客也可参加Zagar本人每月主持的镶嵌图案讲习班。BScientists say they have found the oldest known figurative (具象的) painting in a cave in Indonesia.And the impressive scene of
12、a hunting party, painted some 44，000 years ago, is helping to rewrite the history of the origins of art.Until recently, the longheld story was that humans started painting in caves in Europe.For example, art from the Chauvet Cave in France is dated as old as 37，000 years.“The cave paintings in Indon
13、esia are at least 40，000 years old，” says Adam Brumm, an archaeologist at Australias Griffith University.He and his colleagues used a technique called uraniumseries analysis to determine the paintings age.The figurative painting in those analyses was a striking image of a wild cow.Since that big dis
14、covery, Brumms team has been searching for more art in these caves.Recently, they found something breathtaking the massive hunting scene.And after testing it, they say its the oldest known figurative art created by early modern humans.The painting tells a complex story.It describes jungle buffaloes
15、(水牛) and wild pigs driven by tiny hunters.“They appear to be humans, but they seem to have some characteristics of animals，” Brumm says.One appears to have a birdlike head, and another has a tail.He says these parthuman, partanimal figures might signal early humans beliefs.But even an important loca
16、tion for early art appears in Indonesia, the paintings are rapidly deteriorating (恶化) before our eyes and the scientists dont know why.Brumm says one theory is that higher temperatures in the caves due to climate change are harming the art.Brumm says the deterioration is making their work to survey
17、these places feel particularly imperative“We are left little time who knows what other amazing cave art is out there at some place that can change our understanding of human evolution but might be suffering damage or disappear soon？”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了考古新发现在印度尼西亚发现的洞穴壁画是世界上最古老的具象艺术作品。5What did scien
18、tists use to think of the birth of the figurative painting?AIt rewrote the history of art.BIt took place about 44，000 years ago.CIt came out in Indonesian caves.DIt started with European cave paintings.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句Until recently, the longheld story was that humans started painting in caves i
19、n Europe.For example, art from the Chauvet Cave in France is dated as old as 37，000 years.可知，长期以来，人们认为人类在洞穴中绘画始于欧洲，有37，000年历史的法国肖维岩洞壁画就是一个例证。故选D。6Why is the cave painting found in Indonesia described as complex?AIt reflects a technical analysis.BIt shows early imaginary things.CIt describes early ci
20、vilizations.DIt covers strange wildlife images.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，印度尼西亚洞穴壁画中半人半兽的猎人可能是早期人类信仰的体现，是当时人们相信超自然生物存在的迹象。据此可推断这样的壁画背后有一个复杂的想象过程，人们画出了想象的事物。故选B。7What can we know from Paragraph 5?AEarly art is deeply rooted in Indonesia.BCave paintings are a feast for our eyes.CLatest discoveries are base
21、d on theory.DClimate change may harm cave paintings.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第五段中的the paintings are rapidly deteriorating (恶化) before our eyes and the scientists dont know why.Brumm says one theory is that higher temperatures in the caves due to climate change are harming the art.可知，这些壁画的处境正在恶化，Brumm认为正是气候变化导致的
22、洞穴内的高温在破坏着它们。故选D。8What does the underlined word “imperative” in the last paragraph mean? AUrgent.BExciting.CMeaningful. DImperfect.解析：选A词义猜测题。上文提到了洞穴壁画恶化的情况，结合画线词后的内容可知，Brumm提到“留给我们的时间不充裕，谁知道在某个地方会有什么样的可能正遭受损害或很快消失的惊人洞穴壁画存在呢？”，由此可知，画线词表示“紧迫的，迫切的”，与urgent含义相近，故选A。.完形填空Andrea Silvera has always taken
23、handwriting and detailed lecture notes for granted.She had never 1 she could make money with the skill until she was introduced to a(n) 2 OneClass provides course notes 3 by excellent students.“I accidentally saw there was a 4 for me to become a note taker.After I uploaded my notes, I was 5 ，”Silver
24、a says.What is surprising is the 6 of views her notes receive.In a class of 300，100 students usually view her notes.At first，the site was 7 meant to help struggling students.But unexpectedly，it gained fame and acquired wealth.Both the note users and note takers saw great progress in their studies.Ho
25、wever, note takers dont just take the job for the 8 benefit.Silvera has made$1，500 in a year of note taking.“My notes are not just handwritten，”she said.“I 9 many extra explanations.”Silvera finds that working as a note taker has been 10 However，she said she needed to 11 other students who might be
26、12 in taking the job：“If you want to do this，you have to put in the time and actually 13 the classes.And you cant trust that someone elses notes are 14 because nobody can meet your every need you need to take them 15 ”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名名为Andrea Silvera的学生通过记笔记挣得了1，500美元的故事。1A.believedBdoubtedChea
27、rd Dthought解析：选D根据上文的Andrea Silvera has always taken handwriting and detailed lecture notes for granted.可知，Silvera将记笔记看作理所当然的事情，所以她从未想过自己能够通过这一技能赚钱。2A.organization BcompanyCnewspaper Dwebsite解析：选D根据第三段中的At first, the site was 7 meant to help struggling students.可知，OneClass是一个网站。3A.written BtypedCrea
28、d Dsent解析：选A根据上文的handwriting可知，OneClass提供由好学生们亲笔记录的课程笔记。4A.plan BchanceCdream Dway解析：选B根据下文的After I uploaded my notes, I was 5 可知，Silvera偶然发现了一个成为笔记记录员的机会。5A.employed BinspiredCtouched Drefused解析：选A根据下文的Silvera has made$1，500 in a year of note taking.可知，Silvera上传了自己的笔记后被录用了。6A.number BqualityCspeed
29、Dvariety解析：选A下文指出，一个300人的班里，通常有100人看Silvera的笔记，因此这里说最令人惊讶的是看笔记的人数之多。7A.rarely BsimplyCfirmly Dmainly解析：选B根据下文的But unexpectedly, it gained fame and acquired wealth.可知，起初，OneClass这一网站只是为了帮助有困难的学生。8A.social BeducationalCenvironmental Dfinancial解析：选B根据上文的Both the note users and note takers saw great pro
30、gress in their studies.可知，笔记记录者从事这份工作并不仅仅是为了上文提到的对教育方面带来的好处。9A.delete BfindCinclude Dcreate解析：选C根据上文的My notes are not just handwritten可知，Silvera的笔记不仅是手写的，而且还包括了很多额外的解释。10A.meaningless BdemandingCchallenging Dworthwhile解析：选D通过上文的描述可知，Silvera通过成为笔记记录员收获良多，因而觉得笔记记录员这一工作是值得做的。11A.correct BwarnCremind Dq
31、uestion解析：选C根据下文Silvera说的话可知，尽管Silvera觉得成为笔记记录员是值得的，但她觉得有必要提醒那些想成为笔记记录员的人。12A.buried BexperiencedCinvolved Dinterested解析：选D根据空后的If you want to do this可知，Silvera的话是对那些对笔记记录员工作感兴趣的人说的。13A.attend BteachCobserve Denjoy解析：选A根据空前的you have to put in the time可知，想要成为笔记记录员就必须投入时间并真正地去上课。14A.brief BcompleteCus
32、eless Daimless解析：选B根据空后的because nobody can meet your every need可知，Silvera提醒同学们不要相信别人的笔记就一定是完整的。15A.in advance Bin sorrowCin person Din public解析：选C根据空前的And you cant trust that someone elses notes are 14 可知，做笔记不能依赖别人，必须自己亲自做。.语法填空Eileen Taylor had something sweet on her mind in the drivethrough line a
33、t Heavnly Donuts.Just the day before, a stranger ahead of her in line had 1 (generous) paid for her coffee.“The gesture made such 2 big difference in my day，” says Eileen.She had recently lost her job as a physicians 3 (assist), and money was tight.But Eileen 4 (inspire) to pay the $12 bill of the f
34、amily in the car behind hers. 5 she didnt know was that her kindness would set off a chain reaction.In two and a half hours, fiftyfive drivers paid for the order of the person behind 6 (they).The doughnut shops employees 7 (see) this before.This Heavnly Donuts, in fact, is known as a special place,
35、the customers of 8 are considered as the “best in the world”But, even so, the workers were 9 (amaze) that the shop had more than doubled its previous record by the end of the day.Now 10 (work) as a chemist, Eileen visits Heavnly Donuts every Saturday morning, picking up a coffee and paying for the o
36、rder of the customer behind her.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章向我们讲述了艾琳泰勒因受到他人启发，为她后面的顾客付账，从而引发了一连串大家为自己后面顾客付账的连锁效应的故事。1generously考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词paid。故填generously。2a考查冠词。make a difference是固定搭配，意为“有影响”。故填a。3assistant考查词性转换。名词所有格后面应用名词，此处表示的是“医师助理”。故填assist的名词形式assistant，意为“助手”。4was inspired考查动词的时态和语态。根据文章内容可知，此处应
37、用一般过去时，且主语与inspire为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，表示“艾琳受到别人的启发”。故填was inspired。5What考查名词性从句。空格处引导主语从句，且在从句中充当动词know的宾语，表示“所的事”。故填What。注意首字母应大写。6them考查代词。介词后面应用人称代词的宾格。故填them。7had seen考查动词的时态。根据句意可知，此处指这个商店的员工以前也见过这种情况。文章描述的事件发生在过去，故此处表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had seen。8which考查定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Heavnly Donuts，在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which引导。9amazed考查非谓语动词。此处应指员工们感到很吃惊。空格处修饰人，应用过去分词形式的形容词，表示“感到的”。故填amazed。10working考查非谓语动词。空格处与句子主语Eileen之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填working。