1、Day 3科普环保AThe Notre Dame (巴黎圣母院) fire has been put out, but its spire (尖顶) and a large portion of its wooden roof have been damaged. The terrible destruction causes a sudden sharp pain to people around the world. “What a pity that we cannot see the damaged parts of the wonder anymore.”But the good n
2、ews is that there is at least one way of seeing them, namely through a video game called Assassins Creed: Unity. In this game, the player can travel to one city after another and enter the buildings exactly like what they are in reality, and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire. Further, with vi
3、rtual reality technology, which is already quite mature, one can even look around the undamaged Notre Dame as if it is still there. Maybe digital technology could help to better protect architectural cultural heritage.The idea of making digital models of ancient buildings to save their data dates ba
4、ck to the 1990s and the necessary technology has continued to advance since then. By scanning the ancient buildings with lasers, building 3D models with multiple images, as well as measuring everything precisely, engineers can make a copy as accurate as the real one.As computers and smartphones are
5、hugely popular, the digital model has great useful value. First, it allows tourists to feel the cultural relics without touching them. The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them. Furthermore, it can
6、make the digitized cultural relics more famous by spreading awareness about them via the Internet. In 2000, a virtual tour of the Great Wall became very popular at the Hannover World Expo, which increased the number of foreign tourists visiting the site in the following years. Above all, it preserve
7、s all the information of the cultural relics.Of course, however precise a model is, it is not the original. Maybe we will have better technologies in the future, but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.1. What can we see about Notre
8、 Dame in the game?A. The damaged Notre Dame. B. Its wooden shape.C. The big fire. D. Its original look.2. What will engineers do to create a digital copy of the ancient buildings?A. Build 3D models of full size. B. Scan the photos of the buildingsC. Measure all the parts exactly. D. Improve the tech
9、nology needed.3. How does the author prove the digital copy has vital practical importance?A. By giving examples. B. By classification.C. By comparison. D. By listing data.4. What is the authors attitude towards the application of the technology?A. Delighted B. SupportiveC. Doubtful D. ConservativeB
10、Every year when the Italian artist Michelangelos (14751564，意大利文艺复兴时期著名雕刻家、画家、建筑师) birthday comes around, computer users all over the world are filled with fear (害怕) and use their computers with care. Some may even choose not to turn on their computers on March 3. All this fear and care are just beca
11、use a deadly computer virus is ready to cause damages (破坏) on that day.Whats a computer virus then? Why do people get so afraid of it?A computer virus is, in fact, a little program that is put into other programs and that does something bad. It is called a virus because, like any real-life viruses s
12、uch as AIDs virus, it reproduces itself. And when these programs are run, the virus is brought to life. It hides itself in your computer system waiting for the right moment to make damages. And at the same time it keeps producing itself by copying itself onto other programs.The Michelangelo virus wa
13、its until the artists birthday comes around, and then it will wake up to do very bad things like destroying you files (毁坏文档) . So next time when you turn on your computer, look out for computer viruses!1. The Italian artist Michelangelo _.A. was born six centuries ago B. was born on March 3, 1475C.
14、died six centuries ago D. died on March 3, 15642. Why are computer users full of fear on March 3? Because _.A. it is the birthday of a famous Italian artist.B. a kind of computer virus will come on that dayC. a deadly computer virus called “the Michelangelo virus” will wake up and then damages that
15、day.D. something will easily go wrong with computers3. In fact, a computer virus is _.A. a program which can be put into computers with some damages to them.B. a kind of real-life virus.C. a kind of virus like AIDS virusD. also a kind of program which is placed into other programs and which makes da
16、magesCOver a four-year period, Swiss researchers have developed a machine that can keep human livers (肝)alive outside of the body for one week.Livers are among the most commonly transplanted (移植)human organs. Current technology can only keep human livers alive for up to 24 hours. It is reported that
17、, in 2017, about 8.000 liver transplants were performed in the U.S., of which 360 used livers from living givers In addition, about 11,500 people were registered on a waiting list to receive a liver transplant. Keeping livers alive and functioning for longer periods could greatly improve the chances
18、 of survival for patients.The researchers say the purpose of their “Liver4Life” machine is to perform what they call liver perfusion (灌注)operations outside of the human body. Perfusion is the process by which blood or other liquids are pumped through organs and tissue. The machine keeps the liver at
19、 the right temperature and moves it in a way that would be natural in the body. Using a pump to fill the liver with blood acting like a human heart, the machine also provides oxygen to the organ, controls red blood cell levels and removes waste.The research team began their experiments with livers f
20、rom pigs. After repeated testing and engineering development, they succeeded in getting the pig livers to survive for seven days with support only provided from the Liver4Life machine. They also discovered the system can work to repair damaged livers. The team is now planning its next step to transp
21、lant machine-treated organs into patients.Pierre-Alain Clavien. leader of the research said in a statement. “This technology will greatly increase the number of livers available for transplant, improving the chances of survival for patients. The success of this unique machine opens the way for many
22、new applications in transplantation and cancer medicine.”1. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2?A. Introduce a brand new topic for discussion.B. Provide some latest data about present liver transplants.C. Show the urgency of tech improvement in liver transplants.D. Remind readers concer
23、ned of the importance of a healthy liver.2. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. The machine. B. The liver.C. The temperature. D. The tissue.3. What can we learn about the Liver4Life machine?A. It is among the most commonly used machines for liver transplants.B. It is aimed
24、to carry out liver perfusion operations in the human body.C. It can perform several functions to keep the liver working normally.D. It can be used to keep the pig livers alive for more than one week.4. Where is this text most likely from?A. A biology textbook. B. A first aid brochure.C. A social web
25、 page. D. A health magazine.DWhile there is a slight chance that you touch down on the surface of the moon, there are some places you can visit that are tied to the Apollo 11.The U.S. Space & Rocket Center; Huntsville, AlabamaCreating the Saturn V rocket that drove the crew of the Apollo 11 was the
26、responsibility of a team of engineers in Huntsville. At the U.S. Space & Rocket Center, you can explore dozens of interactive exhibits, including “Space Craze “，a look at the publics strong interest in all things related to space through the pop culture.Meteor Crater, Flagstaff, ArizonaArmstrong and
27、 his fellow were trained for moon exploration at a variety of places, including Meteor Crater, one of the most perfectly preserved impact craters on the planet. Today the Meteor Crater Visitor Center includes the 4-D ride “Collision Experience” and breathtaking tours around the edge of the crater it
28、self.The Kennedy Space Center, Cape Canaveral, FloridaEvery Apollo mission was started from the Kennedy Space Center, which remains an active launch site. Bus tours visit mission-critical areas of Kennedy Space Center and the Apollo/Saturn V Center, which houses a complete Saturn V rocket and a moon
29、 rock you can touch. Come during a scheduled launch, and you can purchase a special viewing package getting you a clear view of the launch.Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center; Houston, TexasIts here that every aspect of the Apollo 11 mission was monitored. Now fully repaired, the control center is open t
30、o tour via the official visitors center. Space Center Houston. View astronaut training equipment and the largest collection of moon rocks.1. In which place are you required to tour in a bus?A. The U.S. Space & Rocket Center. B. Meteor Crater.C. Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center. D. The Kennedy Space Ce
31、nter.2. What can we learn about Meteor Crater?A. It houses a complete Saturn V rocket and a moon rock.B. It is one of the training places for astronauts of Apollo 11.C. It allows one to view the largest collection of moon rocks.D. It provides doze ns of interactive exhibits for visitors to explore.3
32、. What can you do in Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center? A. Touch a moon rock. B. Enjoy the 4-D ride.C. See astronaut training equipment. D. View a rocket launch.答案A【答案解析】 1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，运用现代技术的新手段数字副本保护建筑文化遗迹，并说明了这种技术的优点。【1题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“In this game, the player can travel to on
33、e city after another and enter the buildings exactly like what they are in reality, and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire.”（在这个游戏中，玩家可以一个接一个地去一个城市，进入建筑，就像他们在现实中一样，看到圣母院在火灾前的样子。），可知在游戏中可看到巴黎圣母院原来的样子。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“By scanning the ancient buildings with lasers, building 3D models with
34、multiple images, as well as measuring everything precisely, engineers can make a copy as accurate as the real one.”（通过用激光扫描古建筑，用多幅图像建立三维模型，以及精确测量一切，工程师可以制作出与真实一样精确的副本。），可知工程师会精确测量所有古代建筑副本的零部件来创造古建筑的数字副本。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。由第四段中的“The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example
35、 of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them. Furthermore, it can make the digitized cultural relics more famous by spreading awareness about them via the Internet. In 2000, a virtual tour of the Great Wall became very popular at the Hannover World Expo, which increased the
36、 number of foreign tourists visiting the site in the following years. Above all, it preserves all the information of the cultural relics.”（甘肃敦煌石窟的虚拟旅游就是一个很好的例子，因为游客不用站在附近就能看到这些画。通过网络传播对数字化文物的认识，可以使数字化文物更加出名。2000年，在汉诺威世博会上，虚拟的长城之旅变得非常受欢迎，在接下来的几年里，参观长城的外国游客增加了。最重要的是，它保存了文物的所有信息。），可知作者是举了敦煌和长城两个例子，说明数字
37、副本的重要意义。故选A项。【4题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Maybe we will have better technologies in the future, but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.”（也许我们将来会有更好的技术，但数字技术提供了一种切实可行的方式来保存建筑文化遗产。），可推断出作者是持有支持的态度。故选B项。【点睛】推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，
38、结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。如在第4小题中，第三段最后一段中的“Maybe we will have better technologies in the future, but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultura
39、l heritage at the moment.”，是已知部分，通过结合原文进行合理地逻辑判断，可推断出作者是持有支持的态度。故选B项。B【答案解析】 1. B 2. C 3. D【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了致命计算机病毒米开朗基罗病毒。【1题详解】细节理解题。由第一段第一句中括号内Michelangelo的出生年代及第二句中的March 3rd可知，意大利艺术家米开朗基罗生于1475年3月3日，故选B。【2题详解】推理判断题。由第一段最后一句“All this fear and care are just because a deadly computer virus is rea
40、dy to cause damages (破坏) on that day.”和最后一段第一句“The Michelangelo virus waits until the artists birthday comes around, and then it will wake up to do very bad things like destroying you files (毁坏文档) .”可推出，电脑用户对3月3日充满恐惧是因为一种被称为“米开朗基罗病毒”的致命计算机病毒将苏醒过来并造成损害，故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。由第三段第一句A computer virus is, in f
41、act, a little program that is put into other programs and that does something bad.可知，事实上，计算机病毒是一个放入其他程序中的小程序，它会做一些坏事情。由此可知，计算机病毒是放入其他程序中会造成损害的电脑程序，故选D。C【答案解析】 1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D【分析】本文为一篇说明文。在四年多的时间里，瑞士研究人员开发出一种机器，可以让人的肝脏在体外存活一周。文章介绍了这个机器的作用，研究过程和意义。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段Current technology can only keep
42、human livers alive for up to 24 hours. It is reported that, in 2017, about 8.000 liver transplants were performed in the U.S., of which 360 used livers from living givers In addition, about 11,500 people were registered on a waiting list to receive a liver transplant. Keeping livers alive and functi
43、oning for longer periods could greatly improve the chances of survival for patients.目前的技术只能让人类的肝脏存活24小时。据报道，2017年，美国约有8000例肝移植手术在美国，另外还有360个活体捐赠者的肝脏，约有1.15万人在等待接受肝脏移植。延长肝脏的存活和功能可以大大提高患者的存活几率。推测作者在第二段中，想要展示肝脏移植技术改进的紧迫性。故选C项。【2题详解】词句猜测题。根据the machine keeps the liver at the right temperature and moves
44、it in a way that would be natural in the body. 这台机器将肝脏保持在适当的温度，后文主语为The machine，谓语为move，推测宾语与前文相同，也为liver。所以机器使肝脏保持在合适的温度，并以一种人体自然的方式移动肝脏。因此it指的是“肝脏”。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段The machine keeps the liver at the right temperature and moves it in a way that would be natural in the body. Using a pump to fi
45、ll the liver with blood acting like a human heart, the machine also provides oxygen to the organ, controls red blood cell levels and removes waste. 这台机器将肝脏保持在适当的温度，并以人体的方式自然移动肝脏。利用泵像心脏一样向肝脏内注入血液，这台机器还向肝脏提供氧气，控制红细胞水平，并清除废物。 及第四段They also discovered the system can work to repair damaged livers. 他们还发现该
46、系统可以修复受损的肝脏。由此判断出，Liver4Life机器可以发挥多种功能，保持肝脏正常工作。故选C项。【4题详解】推理判断题。在四年多的时间里，瑞士研究人员开发出一种机器，可以让人的肝脏在体外存活一周。文章介绍了这个机器的作用，研究过程和意义。推测这篇文章最有可能来自健康杂志。故选D项。D【答案解析】 1. D 2. B 3. C这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个与阿波罗11号有关的地方。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Bus tours visit mission-critical areas of Kennedy Space Center and the Apollo Satu
47、rn V Center, which houses a complete Saturn V rocket and a moon rock you can touch.可知乘坐巴士参观肯尼迪航天中心和阿波罗土星五号中心的关键任务区域，阿波罗土星五号中心内有一枚完整的土星五号火箭和一块可以触摸到的月球岩石。由此可知，你需要在The Kennedy Space Center乘车游览。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Armstrong and his fellow were trained for moon exploration at a variety of places, inclu
48、ding Meteor Crater, one of the most perfectly preserved impact craters on the planet.可知阿姆斯特朗和他的同事们曾在不同的地方接受过月球探索训练，其中包括地球上保存最完好的陨石坑之一Meteor Crater。由此可知，Meteor Crater是阿波罗11号宇航员的训练场所之一。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中View astronaut training equipment and the largest collection of moon rocks.可知观看宇航员训练设备和最大的月球岩石收藏。由此可知，你在Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center能见宇航员训练设备。故选C。