1、Section Grammar & Writing“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句阅读下列句子并体会黑体部分的用法1Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert，at which everyone is clapping and appreciating your music?2They may start as a group of highschool students, for whom practising their music in someones house is the
2、 first step to fame.3Later they may give performances in pubs or clubs, for which they are paid in cash.4The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.5They produced a new record in 1996, with which they celebrated their former t
3、ime as a real band.一、基本用法当关系代词在定语从句中充当介词的宾语时，我们可以用“介词关系代词”引导定语从句。如果先行词为人时，用“介词whom”；如果先行词为物时，用“介词which”。who和that不能用于此结构。My father works in Volkswagen，in which the workers are well paid.我爸爸在大众汽车公司工作，那里的员工待遇优厚。(in which引导非限制性定语从句，which指物)二、介词的选择1根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯来确定。先行词往往是表示时间、地点、原因、方式等的词，它与介词之间有一定的联系。Do
4、you still remember the days during which we worked together?你还记得我们在一起工作的那些日子吗？2根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词确定介词。该动词或形容词常与某些介词构成固定搭配。The social problem about which the two sides are debating with each other is a very serious one.(debate with sb.about.就与某人展开辩论)双方正在展开辩论的社会问题是很严重的一个。3根据句子的意思确定介词。有些句子，先行词完全一样，定语从句中谓
5、语动词也不是固定的动词短语。这时，需要根据句子所要表达的意思选用不同的介词。Water is of great importance，without which people can not live.水是很重要的，没有它人们就无法生存。This is the book about which you have talked to me.这是你曾经给我谈起的那本书。This is the book on the cover of which there is a map of China.这是封面上有张中国地图的那本书。三、“介词关系代词”与关系副词的替换在定语从句中若先行词为时间名词，地点名
6、词或reason，“介词关系代词(which)”可用相关的关系副词when，where，why等替换。The reason for which ( why) he refused the invitation is not clear.他拒绝邀请的理由还不清楚。Great changes have taken place in the city in which (where) I was born.我出生的那座城市发生了巨大变化。四、“介词关系代词”的特殊用法1“the名词of关系代词”引导定语从句时，有时可用“whose名词”或“of关系代词the名词”替换。The building, t
7、he roof of which we can see from here, is a hotel. The building, whose roof/of which the roof we can see from here, is a hotel.那幢大楼是一个旅馆，从这儿我们可以看见它的屋顶。2“名词/代词等介词关系代词”结构：有时“介词关系代词”前会出现不定代词(all，both，none，neither，many，few，the rest等)、数词(分数、百分数等)及“the最高级/比较级”等，用来表示部分、数目等意义。There are forty students in our
8、 class in all, most of whom are from big cities.我们班共有四十名学生，大多数来自大城市。.单句语法填空1Many young people，most of were welleducated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. 【导学号：30534026】2We had a meeting the purpose of was completely unclear.3Do you know the lady with our manager is talking in the offi
9、ce?4Yesterday we visited the West Lake which Hangzhou is famous.5Wed better fix a date which we will practice speaking English next week.【答案】1.whom2.which3.whom4.for5.on.完成句子1我永远都不会忘记入党的日子。Ill never forget the day 2父亲给我一些额外的钱，用这些钱我买了一些书。My father gave me some extra money， 3他依赖于经常借钱给他的亲戚。He relies on
10、 his relatives 4他们到达一所房子，在房前坐着一个男孩。They arrived at a house， sat a boy.5我们不知道他突然生病的原因。We do not know the reason 【答案】1on which I joined the Party2.with which I bought some books3.from whom he often borrowed money4.in front of which5.for which he suddenly fell ill应用文写作求助信1概念：求助信是向有关组织和个人写信请求帮助，格式大体上同一般
11、书信。2内容安排：(1)开门见山，摆出问题直截了当地把你遇到的难题或者困惑告诉对方。(2)态度诚恳，言辞恳切向别人求助，尤其是向长辈或者是自己不熟悉的人求助的时候，态度一定要诚恳，语气要委婉，让对方感到你确实需要并值得帮助。(3)思路清晰，表述明白语言要简练、流畅，层次分明，表述清楚，以便让对方一看就能明白你提出的问题，并能有针对性地给你提出意见和建议。(4)正确把握时态，保证语言准确性写英文求助信的原因就是目前自己在某一方面存在困难，因此应用一般现在时表达文意，当然描绘自己得到帮助后的进步时应用一般将来时表达文意。自我介绍1My name is.；Im writing to you for
12、some help.2Im writing a letter to you to get some help about.交代自己所面临的困难I have met much difficulty in.请求对方做某事的表达1Would you like to.so that.?2In the meanwhile/At the same time，I beg you to.so that.3Also，Id like you to.假如你是李华，你打算与你的朋友组建一个乐队。门基乐队的成功给了你很大的鼓舞。但你和朋友对乐队的名字、主唱、乐器的选择及乐队的类型存在分歧，这让你不知所措，你决定给门基乐
13、队写一封电子邮件，告诉他们你的想法，并征求他们的建议，如何才能使乐队更加成功。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可根据内容要点就某一方面或几个方面的问题征求他们的建议。体裁求助信话题寻求组建乐队建议时态一般现在时人称第一人称.词汇1form a band组建一支乐队2inspire激励3as well as和；同.句式1. My three friends and I like pop music.We cant decide the bands name and the lead singer. We also cant decide what instruments we chose. (用bu
14、t, as well as改写句子)My three friends and I like pop music, but we cant decide the bands name，the lead singer, as well as what instruments we chose.2. We really hope you can give us some advice. (强调谓语)We do hope you can give us some advice. 【参考范文】Dear Monkees，Im going to form a band with my other three
15、 friends. Your bands success inspired us greatly. However, we have never been in a band before. Could you please give us some advice?My three friends and I like pop music, but we cant decide the bands name, the lead singer as well as what instruments we choose.Besides, what type of music should we play? Should we only play one kind or try every type of music? How did your band decide what to play?We do hope you can give us some advice.Yours hopefully，Li Hua