1、课时素养检测 二Welcome UnitPeriod 2. 阅读理解Sharon, Aged 22The most important thing to keep in mind when going into high school is to be yourself. Besides, I dont know what your middle school was like, but high school teachers will not care about things such as how much homework you already have in one night.
2、 Its best to just learn to deal with things and manage your time wisely so you can achieve everything you need to. Frank, Aged 21I think almost every kid feels both nervous and excited before their first day. You will probably love it. I know I did. You should join in some sports or activities that
3、will make your high school experience more enjoyable. Good luck! Eddie, Aged 20When I started high school I was really nervous too, especially since I had been home-schooled all through middle school and didnt really know anyone. I suppose the best advice would be to just relax. The first couple of
4、days can be a little bit hard, but things will become easier before you know it. David, Aged 19I am not going to lie. The first day is kind of frightening. But youll get used to it. Dont be afraid of anyone; upperclassmen will pick on you more if you let them know youre afraid. Just take it easy. Ma
5、king some friends and staying with them will greatly help you get used to high school quickly. After the first week its really not bad at all. Dont worry. 【语篇概述】本文介绍了四个人回忆自己刚上高中的情景, 并就高中生活给出了自己的建议。1. What can we infer from Sharon about high school? A. Teachers are quite strict. B. Students often sta
6、y up at night. C. Teachers provide little care for students. D. Students should make good use of their time. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Its best to just learn to deal with things and manage your time wisely so you can achieve everything you need to. ”可知, Sharon认为在高中阶段要学会处理事情, 学会合理安排时间, 故选D。2. How did Ed
7、die feel on his first day of high school? A. Excited. B. Bored. C. Worried. D. Relaxed. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When I started high school I was really nervous too. . . ”可知, 当Eddie刚开始上高中的时候很紧张, 很担忧。故选C。3. Who mentions the importance of friends? A. Frank. B. David. C. Sharon. D. Eddie. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据最后
8、一段中的“Making some friends and staying with them will greatly help you get used to high school quickly. ”可知, David认为交朋友很重要, 故选B。. 完形填空A lecturer was giving a lecture to his students on stress (压力) management. He 1 a glass of water and asked the audience, “How 2 do you think this glass of water is? ”Th
9、e students answers ranged (变化) 320g to 500g. “It does not matter on the absolute 4. It depends on how5 you hold it. If I hold it for a minute, it is OK. If I hold it for an hour, I will have a pain in my right arm. If I hold it for a day, you will have to 6 an ambulance (救护车). It is exactly the 7 we
10、ight, but the longer I hold it, the 8 it becomes. ” The whole audience became silent, lost in thought. After a moment, the lecturer continued, “9we carry our burden (负担) all the time, sooner or later, we will not be able to carry on with the burden becoming increasingly heavier, too heavy for us to
11、bear. “What you have to do is to 10 the glass, rest for a while 11 holding it up again. ”As is shown in the story above, we have to put down the burden periodically, so that we can be refreshed and are able to carry on. So before you 12 home from work tonight, put the burden of work down. Dont carry
12、 it back 13. You can pick it up tomorrow. Whatever burden you are having now on your 14, let it down for a moment if you can. Life is short; 15 it! 【语篇概述】我们一生中有许多的责任要承担, 但是不要让这些责任把我们压垮。一杯水分量不重, 但是如果一直举着, 人们就不能承受。同样的道理, 背负的负担不大, 但是一直压在心头就会让人难以轻松。所以我们要学会放下负担, 享受生活。1. A. needed B. drankC. supportedD. r
13、aised【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。need“需要”; drink“喝”; support“支持”; raise“举起, 提出”。从下文内容“It depends on how_ you hold it. ”可知演讲者举起一杯水, 故选D。2. A. sweet B. pure C. heavy D. much【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。sweet“甜的”; pure“纯的”; heavy“重的”; much“许多”。根据下句的回答可知演讲人问一杯水的重量, 故选C。3. A. atB. fromC. withD. between【解析】选B。考查介词辨析。从句意可知学生的回答从20克到5
14、00克不等, range from. . . to“从到不等”。4. A. heightB. volumeC. weightD. quantity【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。height“高度”; volume“体积”; weight“重量”; quantity“数量”。从后文可知演讲者认为一杯水的重量是由人们端着它的时间决定的, 故选C。5. A. difficultB. longC. tightD. high【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。difficult“困难的”; long“长的”; tight“紧的”; high“高的”。根据后文的“but the longer I hold it”
15、, 故选B。6. A. callB. inviteC. requireD. ask【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。call“喊, 打电话”; invite“邀请”; require“要求”; ask“问”。从语境可知如果举一天杯子, 那么就会进医院, 故选A。7. A. rightB. sameC. properD. usual【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。right“正确的, 右边的”; same“同样的”; proper“恰当的”; usual“通常的”。从上文可知演讲者是说实际重量相同, 但是时间不同, 故选B。8. A. moreB. lighterC. lessD. heavier【解析
16、】选D。考查形容词辨析。more“更多的”; lighter“更轻的”; less“更少的”; heavier“更重的”。本句是“the+比较级, the+比较级”结构, 根据上文内容可知此处是指重量, 举杯子的时间越长, 杯子就变得越重, 故选D。9. A. WhileB. UnlessC. IfD. Since【解析】选C。考查连词辨析。while“当时”; unless“除非”; if“如果”; since“自从”。从内容可知演讲人是假设一种情况, 故选C。10. A. put asideB. put downC. put awayD. put back【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。p
17、ut aside“把放在一边; put down“放下”; put away“收起, 放好”; put back“放回”。根据空格后面内容可以推断说话人建议人们可以放下杯子, 休息后再重新举起, 故选B。11. A. byB. forC. afterD. before【解析】选D。考查介词辨析。by“由, 被”; for“为了”; after“在之后”; before“在之前”。在重新举起之前休息一下, 故选D。12. A. approachB. cleanC. leaveD. return【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。approach“接近”; clean“打扫”; leave“离开”; re
18、turn“归还, 回去(来)”, return home from work“下班回家”, 故选D。13. A. companyB. officeC. homeD. family【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。company“公司”; office“办公室”; home“家”; family“家庭”。根据上句可知是不要把工作带回家, 故选C。14. A. bodyB. heartC. shouldersD. hands【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。body“身体”; heart“心脏”; shoulders“肩膀”; hands“手”。句意: 不管你现在肩负着什么重担, 如果可以的话暂时把它放下。故
19、选C。15. A. loveB. likeC. doD. enjoy【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。love“爱”; like“喜欢”; do“做”; enjoy“喜欢”。从上文内容可知演讲者建议人们不要总是背负着重任, 要懂得休息, 要享受生活, 故选D。【技法导练】阅读理解之细节理解题第一步: 粗读明大意。对全文通篇速读, 捕捉全文中心思想。其三个目的: 1. 对文章有一个总的概念和印象, 明确文章主要在讲什么。2. 了解文章的中心思想和作者的基本观点、立场。3. 记住文章的信息区间, 比如什么地方是作者的观点, 什么地方是作者所举的例子, 什么地方是作者分析的原因等; 记住一些时间、地点、人
20、名、数字等, 以便再读时查找比对。第二步: 精读定区间。根据题干中涉及的特殊信息和细节, 直接从文章中的某一句话或者某一段落中找到相关信息, 并只精读与问题相关的句子或段落, 将区间信息读全读透读明, 与所设计问题仔细比对, 认真思考, 归纳总结, 答案便会水落石出。1. 直接理解题做这类题一般采用寻读法, 即先读题, 然后带着问题快速阅读短文, 找出与问题有关的词语或句子, 再对相关部分进行分析对比, 找出答案。弄清细节、准确获取信息, 确定最佳答案。典例1(2018江苏高考)Time is money, but that principle means different things f
21、or different types of restaurants. Unlike fast-food places, fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend. One way to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round: put on some Mozart(莫扎特). When classical, rather than pop, music was playing, diners spent more. Fast music hurri
22、ed diners out. Particular scents also have an effect: diners who got the scent of lavender(薰衣草) stayed longer and spent more than those who smelled lemon, or no scent. How could a fine dining shop make more profit? A. Playing classical music. B. Introducing lemon scent. C. Making the light brighter.
23、 D. Using plates of larger size. 【解析】选A。根据本段第二句中 fine dining shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend 和第四句 When classical, rather than pop, music was playing, diners spent more. 可知, 高档餐厅更喜欢顾客停留更长的时间继续消费, 当播放古典音乐的时候, 顾客会花费得更多。因此高档餐厅想多赚钱应播放古典音乐。典例2(2017全国卷)I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when
24、George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didnt want me for the filmit wanted somebody as well known as Paulhe stood up for me. I dont know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the
25、 studio powers. Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to the author at first? A. Paul Newman wanted it. B. The studio powers didnt like his agent. C. He wasnt famous enough. D. The director recommended someone else. 【解析】选C。根据“When the studio didnt want me for the filmit wanted somebody as we
26、ll known as Paulhe stood up for me. ”可知当时电影制片厂不想让作者演这部电影, 是因为作者不够出名, 所以C选项是正确的。2. 间接理解题题干对文章中事实细节的陈述采用转换表达方式或用近义陈述的方式间接做出表达的间接细节题, 其答案是无法与篇章中信息直接对应的, 此类题目需要认真领会题干中选项的意思, 并在文章中找到与其相符合的细节, 验证后确定选项。典例3 (2018全国卷)Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their see
27、ds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants(抗氧化物质). The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants. As for c
28、herries(樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? However, they are rich in vitamin C. What does the author seem to like about cherries? A. They contain protein. B. They are high in vitamin A. C. They have a pleasant taste. D. They are rich in antioxidants. 【解析】选C。根据倒数第二句As for cherries, they are so del
29、icious who cares? 可知樱桃很美味, 对应的是C选项They have a pleasant taste。3. 数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题主要分类如下: (1)运算型: 理解各数据之间的关系并弄清题干所指的具体问题。(2)选择型: 从四个选项中筛选出与文中细节对应的答案。(3)转换型: 文中对数字的表达与题目要求的表达方式不同, 如把具体的年份转换为某个世纪。(4)数值范围型: 文中给出数字范围, 题目要求找出最高(低)值。典例4 The three shipsthe MV Prantalay 11, 12, and 14had 77 members on board
30、in total. All of them are Thai, the spokesman said. Before the Sunday robbing, pirates held 11 ships and 228 sailors. How many sailors were held by the pirates up to the time of the report? A. 228. B. 77. C. 383. D. 305. 【解析】选D。由最后一句可知, 在周日的抢劫之前, 海盗劫持了228名船员, 加上这次总计劫持的77名船员, 77 + 228 = 305, 故正确答案为D。
31、. 阅读理解Japanese high school students either walk or ride bicycles if the distance is not too far. In other cases, students must take public buses and trains. After junior high school, students attend high schools based on their high school entrance examination scores. So some students travel a long d
32、istance to attend the school. _The schoolday begins at 8: 30. Then students assemble in their homeroom classrooms for the days studies. Each homeroom has an average of 40-45 students. Students stay in their homeroom classrooms for most of the schoolday. Only for physical education, laboratory classe
33、s, or other subjects requiring special facilities (设备) do students move to different parts of the school. Between classes and at lunchtime, classrooms can be noisy, lively places. Some schools may have a cafeteria, but most do not. In most schools, students bring a box lunch from home, prepared by t
34、he mother in the early morning hours. Japanese high school students spend 240 days a year at school, 60 days more than American students. Students in high schools take three years studying of each of the following subjects: maths, social studies, Japanese, science, and English. Other subjects includ
35、e physical education, music, art, and moral studies. All the students in one grade level study the same subjects. Given the number of required subjects, electives (选修课) are few. Afterschool activitiesClub activities take place after school every day. Students can join only one club, and they rarely
36、change clubs from year to year, so the clubs are relatively stable. Clubs are made up of sports clubs (baseball, soccer, judo, kendo, etc. ) and culture clubs (English, broadcasting, science, etc. ). New students usually are encouraged to select a club shortly after the school year begins in April.
37、Clubs meet for two hours after school each day and many clubs continue to meet during school vacations. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了日本高中学生的学校生活和课外活动情况。1. Most Japanese high school students often have lunch _. A. in restaurantsB. in school cafeteriasC. at homeD. in homeroom classrooms【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In
38、most schools, students bring a box lunch from home”可知, 大多数高中的学生从家里带午饭, 故排除A、C两项; 再根据第二段中的“Between classes and at lunchtime, classrooms can be noisy, lively places. . . but most do not. ”可知, 学生是在教室吃午饭。故选D。2. What does the underlined word “rarely” in the fourth paragraph mean? A. Always. B. Never. C.
39、Seldom. D. Often. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“so the clubs are relatively stable”可知, 此处表示学生们很少一年一年地换俱乐部, rarely意为“很少”, 与C项“不常, 很少”意思一致。故选C。3. From the passage we can know that _. A. there are fewer than 40 students in each homeroom in Japanese high schoolsB. students must stay in homeroom classrooms for ph
40、ysical educationC. there are few subjects for students to choose except the required onesD. there will not be any club activity during school vacations【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段可知, 日本的高中每班通常有40至45名学生, 故A项错误; 根据第二段中的“Only for physical education. . . do students move to different parts of the school. ”可知, 学生上
41、体育课、实验课等是不在教室的, 故B项错误; 根据文章的最后一句可知, 很多俱乐部在假期期间正常活动, 故D项错误; 根据第三段最后一句“Given the number of required subjects, electives are few. ”可知, 除了必修课之外, 学生的选修课很少。故选C。4. What may the best subtitle for the second and third paragraphs be? A. At School. B. In Class. C. Subjects. D. Homeroom Classes. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据
42、第二、三段所涉及的内容(班级规模、在校吃午饭、上学天数、所学科目等)可知, 第二段和第三段这两部分主要讲的是学生在校的情况, 故A项正确。同时正好与第二个小标题“课外活动”相承接。. 完形填空阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2020宜昌高一期末)Grandma called me in from the yard “Would you please go to the store for me? Im ready to make cakes, and there isnt enough yeast (酵母). Take a qu
43、arter from my little change 1. ” I found Grandmas wallet and put the quarter in my pocket. I was soon in the little general store that 2our farming community. “Mr Jenkins, ” I said, “Grandma needs some yeast. ” Mr Jenkins set three cakes of yeast on the counter. His eyes shone, and he 3 at me. “And
44、what else do you need? ” I knew what he meant. I was always allowed to pick a penny candy when I came to the store with Grandma. “How much 4 do I have from a quarter? ” I asked. “Seven cents. ” Mr Jenkins replied. I thought 5that quickly. I would have a nickel and two pennies back. I was sure Grandm
45、a wouldnt 6 if I spent one penny, and if she were here, she might even say I could have them both. The 7I looked at the candy display, the more certain I became that I needed two pennies worth as a reward for coming to the store alone. And I did so. “Thank you, ” Grandma said when I 8the yeast on th
46、e table. “Did you put the change back in my wallet? ” “Yes, Grandma. ” I replied, hurrying out to the yard. “I hadnt really lied to Grandma, ” I argued with myself. “I did 9 all the change I had. ”But I had 10 two pennies without Grandmas permission(允许). The second piece of candy in my pocket didnt
47、sound like a good idea any more. I knew I had lied to Grandma, and I was 11 about it. Grandma loved me so much that I couldnt bear to keep anything from her. 12 Grandma took the hot cakes from the oven, I told her about the candy. She 13 when I finished my story. “I know just 14 you feel, ” she said
48、. We all feel like that when weve done 15 deceitful(欺骗的). Im glad you told me about the pennies, and of course Ill forgive you. ” Grandma hugged me tight, and suddenly I felt as though a big stone was gone from my stomach. 【语篇概述】文章讲述了作者去给奶奶买酵母, 然后偷偷用零钱买了两块糖, 没有告诉奶奶, 后来因为对奶奶撒谎感到愧疚, 终于告诉奶奶真相, 奶奶原谅了他,
49、他感觉心里一块石头落了地。1. A. handbagB. walletC. coatD. pocket【解析】选B。词汇复现题。根据下文的I found Grandmas wallet可知是钱包。故选B项。2. A. gaveB. offeredC. servedD. bought【解析】选C。词语辨析题。gave给; offered提供; served服务; bought买。根据our farming community可知是服务。故选C项。3. A. laughedB. shoutedC. pointedD. smiled【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据His eyes shone, 和“A
50、nd what else do you need? ”可知是对我微笑。故选D项。4. A. dollarsB. poundC. changeD. cents【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据how much修饰不可数名词, 排除A、D; 再根据from a quarter可知是零钱。故选C项。5. A. asB. toC. outD. about【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据空前的“Seven cents. ” 和下文I would have a nickel and two pennies back. 可知, 作者在迅速地“考虑”。think about“考虑”, 故选D项。6. A. care
51、B. useC. thinkD. like【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据if she were here, she might even say I could have them both. 可知是不在意。故选A项。7. A. biggerB. lessC. longerD. shorter【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据文意可知作者因为纠结是否买糖, 所以应该是看的时间越长。故选C项。8. A. laidB. liedC. layD. lain【解析】选A。词义辨析题。laid安置, 摆放; lied撒谎; lay躺下(过去式); lain躺下(过去分词)。根据the yeast on th
52、e table可知是放置。故选A项。9. A. put outB. put inC. put backD. put up【解析】选C。词汇复现题。根据“Did you put the change back in my wallet? ” “Yes, Grandma. ” I replied可知是放回零钱。故选C项。10. A. foundB. spentC. costD. took【解析】选B。词义辨析题。句意: 但是我没有得到奶奶的允许就花了两便士。found发现; spent花费; cost花费; took拿走。根据two pennies可知选B项。11. A. gladB. unhap
53、pyC. relaxedD. surprised【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据The second piece of candy in my pocket didnt sound like a good idea any more. I knew I had lied to Grandma可知对奶奶撒谎, 让作者不高兴。故选B项。12. A. SinceB. ThoughC. IfD. When【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据Grandma took the hot cakes from the oven, I told her about the candy. 可知当奶奶拿出蛋糕时, 我告诉了
54、她。所以本句为when引导的时间状语从句。故选D项。13. A. noddedB. refusedC. agreedD. shook【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据“I know just _you feel, ” she said. We all feel like that when weve done _deceitful. Im glad you told me about the pennies, and of course Ill forgive you. ” Grandma hugged me tight, 可只是奶奶点点头。故选A项。14. A. whereB. howC. whyD. when【解析】选B。考查宾语从句。根据We all feel like that可知是感觉怎样。故选B项。15. A. somethingB. nothingC. anybodyD. everybody【解析】选A。考查不定代词。根据上文应是做了欺骗的事情。故选A项。
