1、六Unit 2Period 2. 阅读理解AYou know how much your telephone has changed over the past 10 years? Your car will change even more than that in the next 10 years. One of the big changes is that cars will drive themselves. “We definitely have the technology for it now, ” says Andrew Poliak of automotive techn
2、ology supplier QNX. “We expect self-driving cars to be a mainstream thing between 2020 and 2025. ”The American company Google has been working on a self-driving automobile for years. These cars are already on the roads in the United States and are truly self-driving. They have no steering wheels (方向
3、盘) or pedals. Last week, police ordered one of Googles cars to stop for driving too slowly on a public road. The car was not breaking any law, so no one was punished. Another American company, Tesla, added an “Autopilot” feature to its cars last month. With the Autopilot turned on, the vehicle drive
4、s itself. The car will speed up, slow down, brake and steer by itself. You can take over driving any time by turning the steering wheel or touching a pedal. The car uses sensors to know when lane (车道) changing is safe and whether it should speed up or slow down. Tesla Autopilot is made for cross-cou
5、ntry driving. It keeps you in the lane and helps you avoid hitting other cars. It does not work as well on local roads, for it will not stop at a red light or stop sign. Reporter Carolyn Nicander Mohr tried the Autopilot feature of a Tesla earlier this month. She had a hard time trusting the car to
6、do what it should do. She thought about disabling the Autopilot feature many times during her trip. She wanted to take control at every bend in the road and hit the brake when the car in front of her slowed down. Yet the car drove perfectly. Other companies are working on self-driving cars, too. Mer
7、cedes-Benz, Audi, BMW, Volvo and Toyota all have plans for such vehicles. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了未来的自动驾驶汽车。1. Whats the purpose of the question in the first paragraph? A. To collect readers answers. B. To introduce the topic of the text. C. To describe the changes to telephones. D. To show the developm
8、ent of technology. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。第一段提出的问题主要是为了引出文章的主题, 即自动驾驶汽车。2. What do Andrew Poliaks words suggest? A. It is too difficult for people to make self-driving cars now. B. Self-driving cars will be first put on the market in 2020. C. There will be more self-driving cars in use in the future. D. Nobod
9、y loves to use self-driving cars at the moment. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We expect self-driving cars to be a mainstream thing between 2020 and 2025. ”可知, Andrew Poliak认为在2020至2025年, 自动驾驶汽车将成为主流, 因此也就意味着越来越多的自动驾驶汽车投入使用。3. Why did the police stop the Google car? A. It had no driver. B. It went too slowly.
10、 C. It broke the traffic rules. D. It had no steering wheel. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“police ordered one of Googles cars to stop for driving too slowly”可知, 谷歌的这辆车之所以被警察拦停是因为行驶过慢。4. According to the text, what can you learn about Tesla Autopilot? A. It is true self-driving. B. It can sense traffic lights
11、. C. It wont work on freeways. D. It isnt safe in crowded areas. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第七段中的“It does not work as well on local roads, for it will not stop at a red light or stop sign. ”可知, 特斯拉的自动驾驶装置不适于在人多的地方使用。B(2021甘肃高二检测)Pumpkins (南瓜) have all shapes and sizes and have colors of golden orange, white and
12、 green. Cooked in a pie, they are symbols of autumn that are grown in every county of Washington. U. S. farmers grow more than a billion pounds of pumpkins every year, and many farmers use sheets (膜) of plastic blocking the grass and preventing water loss to make their plants grow well. In the count
13、ry, farmers use about a billion pounds of plastic every year. Unfortunately, that plastic is thrown away finally, and in some areas, burned in the fields. For several years, Carol Miles has studied a new product the soil-biodegradable (土壤生物降解的) plastic cover that can be left in the ground after harv
14、est, then broken down by things in the soil. “You dont need to pull it out of the field and throw it away every autumn, saving time and money, ” Miles said. Most pumpkins grow along vines (藤蔓) that spread through the grass-blocking cover, and Miles wanted to see how pumpkin fruit performed over the
15、plastic cover. That brought a challenge: the soil-biodegradable cover stuck to the bottom of the fruit. “We have a lot of dew (露水) in the morning, and we found that if we let the fruit dry after harvest, the cover would stick more strongly to the pumpkins, ” Miles said. “Nobody wants plastic stuck t
16、o pumpkins, even if its biodegradable. But if you wipe the fruit before the dew dries, the plastic comes right off. ”Farmers who grow plants that dont set fruit on plastic covers wont meet this challenge. For those who do, it means an extra step that they”ll have to weigh against advantages and disa
17、dvantages for the development. “Challenges aside, working with this crop can bring on a happy picture, ” the farmer Tymon said. “Pumpkins are great. They have bright colors, and are really fun to work with. ”【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。在英国, 农民为了种植南瓜, 每年要使用大约10亿磅的塑料。不幸的是, 塑料最终会被扔掉, 在一些地区, 还会被焚烧。所以几年来, Carol Miles一
18、直在研究一种新产品可降解塑料覆盖物, 南瓜收获后这种新产品可以留在地里, 然后被土壤中的物质分解。文章介绍了这种塑料的一些特性和优点。5. Whats the biggest problem of the old pumpkin growing skill? A. Pumpkins have simple types. B. Pumpkins have a low output. C. Farmers waste a lot of plastic. D. Farmers cant avoid the water loss. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段可知在英国, 农民每年要使用大约1
19、0亿磅的塑料。不幸的是, 塑料最终会被扔掉, 在一些地区, 还会被焚烧。由此可知, 南瓜种植技术最大的问题是农民浪费了很多塑料。6. Which of the following is the benefit of Miles new product? A. Its easy to use. B. Its cheap to buy. C. Its environment-friendly. D. Its good for most plants. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段可知几年来, Carol Miles一直在研究一种新产品可降解塑料覆盖物, 南瓜收获后这种新产品可以留在地里,
20、然后被土壤中的物质分解。由此可知, Miles新产品的好处是环保。7. What can farmers do to keep the plastic from sticking to pumpkins? A. Wait till the plastic is broken down. B. Wipe the dew from the plastic cover. C. Replace the plastic with other sheets. D. Clean the pumpkins when theyre wet. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中But if you wip
21、e the fruit before the dew dries, the plastic comes right off. 可知, 农民们在南瓜潮湿的时候清理南瓜, 能防止塑料粘在南瓜上。8. What is the main idea of the text? A. New growing skills will be created. B. A new kind of plastic was invented. C. Plastic influences the growth of pumpkins. D. U. S. farmers develop their favorite pum
22、pkins. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第三段可知几年来, Carol Miles一直在研究一种新产品可降解塑料覆盖物, 南瓜收获后这种新产品可以留在地里, 然后被土壤中的物质分解。文章介绍了这种塑料的一些特性和优点。由此可知, 这篇文章的主旨是一种新发明的塑料。. 完形填空(2021邯郸高二检测)Scott had always been creative. As he finished university, he decided to become an inventor. He often designed many new things. His friends thought
23、that he was misguided. “You cannot spend your life as a(n) 1. You will 2 have a steady (稳定的) income. ” Luke, his best friend, was 3his friends future. “Why dont you reconsider and get a job in the city? ” Luke often asked. “This is my 4, ” Scott said to Luke. “I have wanted to be an inventor since I
24、 was a small child. I am not going to 5. ” Over several years, Scott developed many ideas that 6to become a success. His first invention had many 7 and he was unable to sell it. His second idea received little support from people or companies. Scotts friend Luke continued to encourage him to find a(
25、n) 8 career (职业). “Scott, you have to think about your future. I think it is time to 9something else. ” “But I cannot stop now. I am so close to coming up with something huge. 10 I left my designs now, all my life would have been wasted, ” he replied. Luke nodded, “I 11, my friend. Just know that I
26、am here to support you. ”Then one day it happened. Scott 12 his design of a new wing for an airplane. He presented it to several companies who all loved his 13. After some competition, a company offered to buy his design. “I knew that one day I would 14 it! ” he said to Luke as they celebrated at hi
27、s apartment. Luke felt a little guilty (内疚的) for ever suggesting that Scott should give up. “I dont know how you kept going all these years, ” Luke said. “You certainly deserve every bit of your 15. ”【语篇概述】这是一篇记叙文。Scott从小就热爱发明, 大学毕业后成为一个发明家, 朋友多次劝说他放弃, 但他的坚持最终让他取得了成功。1. A. writerB. inventorC. doctor
28、D. teacher【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 你不能作为一个发明家度过你的一生。根据上文中to become an inventor可知Scott 决定成为一个发明家, 再由“His friends thought that he was misguided. ”可知, 他的朋友认为他被误导, 此处是劝说Scott, 不能作为一个“发明家”度过一生。2. A. neverB. stillC. evenD. also【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意: 你不会有一个稳定的收入。根据下文“Why dont you reconsider and get a job in the ci
29、ty? ”可知, 朋友劝说他找一份工作, 由此可知, 此处指发明家“没有”稳定收入。3. A. tired ofB. interested inC. disappointed atD. worried about【解析】选D。考查短语辨析。句意: Luke, 他最好的朋友, 担心自己朋友的未来。根据下文“Why dont you reconsider and get a job in the city? ”可知, Luke“担心”他的朋友Scott的未来, 所以劝说他换一份工作。4. A. changeB. dreamC. honorD. chance【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 这
30、是我的梦想。根据下文“I have wanted to be an inventor since I was a small child. ”可知, Scott从小就想成为一个发明家, B项“梦想”符合语境。5. A. look backB. fall behindC. run awayD. give up【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 我不会放弃的。根据上文“I have wanted to be an inventor since I was a small child. ”及下文多年来他一直坚持发明东西可知, 此处指他不会“放弃”成为发明家。6. A. failedB. star
31、tedC. happenedD. appeared【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 在几年的时间里, Scott形成了很多想法, 这些想法都未能成功。根据下文“he was unable to sell it. ”及“His second idea received little support from people or companies. ”可知, 他的想法都“未能”成功。短语fail to do sth. “未能做某事”。7. A. secretsB. disadvantagesC. storiesD. corrections【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 他的第一个发
32、明有很多缺点, 他没能把它卖出去。根据空后“he was unable to sell it”可知, 第一个发明有很多“缺点”, 卖不出去。8. A. differentB. unusualC. importantD. happy【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: Scott的朋友Luke 继续鼓动他找一个不同的职业。根据下文“I think it is time to_something else. ”可知, Luke 继续鼓动他找一个“不同的”工作。9. A. designB. checkC. tryD. learn【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 我认为是时候尝试其他事情了。
33、根据下文Scott 说的话“But I cannot stop now. ”可知, 此处指去“尝试”其他事。10. A. BecauseB. AlthoughC. IfD. When【解析】选C。考查连词词义辨析。句意: 如果现在我丢下我的设计, 我的一生都将被浪费。上文提到Scott说不能停下来, 因为自己快要想出一些重大的发明, 此处是假设如果停下来的话, 一生都将被浪费。if引导条件状语从句。11. A. insistB. doubtC. rememberD. understand【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意: Luke点点头说: “我理解, 我的朋友, 你只要记得我一直在这儿支
34、持你。”根据“Luke nodded”及“Just know that I am here to support you. ”可知, Luke“理解”Scott的坚持。12. A. beganB. completedC. usedD. impressed【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: Scott完成了他的飞机新机翼的设计。根据下一句“He presented it to several companies”可知, 他拿给几家公司看, 所以此处指“完成”这个设计。13. A. ideaB. hobbyC. jobD. help【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 他把它拿给几家公司看,
35、 这些公司都喜欢他的想法。空前的it指代上一句中“his design”, 所以此处指公司都喜欢他的“想法”。14. A. haveB. finishC. makeD. keep【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 我知道我有一天会成功的。根据上文“a company offered to buy his design. ”可知, 他的发明被一个公司购买, 所以他“成功”了。make it是固定表达, 意为“成功”。15. A. comfortB. successC. patienceD. wealth【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 你的每一点成功都是你应得的。根据上文内容可知, S
36、cott的坚持最终成功, 所以此处指每一点的“成功”都是你应得的。语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Baidu is not a doctorWhen people are faced 1. a health or nutrition question, its increasingly common 2. (go) online and diagnose (诊断) themselves. But the Internet is full of conflicting health warnings with no regulation to get r
37、id of the wrong advice, some of which 3. (be) extremely dangerous! Also, search engines rank results by popularity rather than accuracy, so solid facts can be tricky to find. Its worth 4. (check) if the writer of an online piece is 5. (proper) qualified as an expert. Anyone can call 6. (they) a “die
38、t expert”, “nutritionist”and even a “doctor”given it could refer to qualifications like a PhD. But remember, only officially 7. (recognise) practicing doctors as well as dietitians have degrees in giving medical 8. (suggest). So if youre unsure and still wondering 9. the chocolate diet really does w
39、ork or not, then it pays to make 10. appointment with your dietitian or doctor. The truth is out there, and you just need to look in the right place! 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。当很多人有健康或营养方面的问题时, 他们会直接去百度搜索, 自我诊断。这其实是不科学的。百度不是医生, 遇到问题, 最好去找医生。1. 【解析】with。be faced with. . . 是固定搭配, 意为“面对”。2. 【解析】to go。此处是常见句式It is
40、+adj. +to do sth. 。it是形式主语, 后面的不定式是真正的主语。3. 【解析】is。分析句子结构可知, 本句的主语是“some of which”, which指代前面的不可数名词“advice”, 故空格处应用be动词的单数形式。此处应用一般现在时。故填is。4. 【解析】checking。be worth doing sth. 是固定结构, 意为“值得做某事”。故填checking。5. 【解析】properly。修饰形容词应当用副词。故填properly。6. 【解析】themselves。句意: 任何人都可自称为饮食专家、营养学家。call oneself. . .
41、意为“自称为”。故填themselves。7. 【解析】recognised。此处表示官方认可的, 逻辑主语“doctors”和动词recognise之间是被动关系, 故用其过去分词形式作定语。故填recognised。8. 【解析】suggestions。空格处作非谓语动词“giving”的宾语, 应用名词形式, 可数名词前没有冠词, 因此用复数形式, 表示泛指。9. 【解析】whether。句意: 如果你不确定, 仍然想知道巧克力饮食是否会起作用。宾语从句成分完整, 在“wondering”后面表示不确定, 拿不准, 应用whether, 意为“是否”。该句中有or not所以不用if。故填whether。10. 【解析】an。此处表示和医生预约, 是泛指概念。appointment是可数名词, 且以元音音素开头。故填an。
