1、课时素养检测 十七Unit 4Period 1. 阅读理解As we know, earthquakes can bring people much fear. There are some places that have few or no earthquakes. Most places in the world, however, have them regularly. Countries that have a lot of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous. The most talked about earthquake in
2、the United States was in San Francisco in 1906. Over 700 people died in it. The strongest one in North America was in 1964. It happened in Alaska. Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people. In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was in Portugal. Around 2,
3、000 people died. In 1923, a very strong earthquake hit Tokyo, Yokohama area of Japan. A hundred and forty thousand people died. Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake. One of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 2008. It killed a large number of people. The worst earthquake e
4、ver recorded was also in China, in which 400, 000 people were killed or injured. This earthquake happened in 1556. Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming. People cannot prepare for earthquakes. 【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了历史上发生在世界范围内破坏程度严重的几次地震。1. Earthqu
5、akes happen _. A. regularly in most places in the worldB. in all the places in the worldC. only in a few places along the coastD. only in the countries that have a lot of mountains【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第一段“Most places in the world, however, have them regularly. ”可知, 然而, 世界上大多数地方都经常发生地震。所以地震经常发生在世界上大多数的地方。2.
6、 When and where was the worst earthquake ever reported? A. In 1964 in Alaska. B. In 1556 in China. C. In 1923 in Japan. D. In 2008 in China. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。由倒数第二段“The worst earthquake ever recorded. . . happened in 1556. ”可知, 有史以来被记载的最严重的地震发生在中国, 有40万人死亡或受伤。这次地震发生在1556年。3. According to the passage, wh
7、ich of the following is NOT true? A. Earthquakes can cause fires. B. Earthquakes often come unexpectedly. C. The stronger the earthquake is, the more people are killed. D. People still dont know how to tell when an earthquake will come. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第三段“Strong earthquakes are not always the ones th
8、at kill the most people. ”可知, 强烈地震并非总是造成最多人死亡。所以地震越强烈, 死亡的人就越多的说法错误。4. What may be talked about in the seventh paragraph? A. How do earthquakes happen? B. How do earthquakes worry people? C. How can we save people when earthquakes happen? D. What will people do to prepare for earthquakes? 【解析】选D。推理判
9、断题。由最后一段中“Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that. . . cannot prepare for earthquakes. ”可知, 地震让人们非常担心。原因是我们经常不知道地震什么时候发生。人们无法为地震做准备。那么在第七段就要向人们科普一下人们将为地震做什么准备。. 阅读填句根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项是多余选项。Earthquake can strike without warning. But many injuries and deaths from this kind
10、 of natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips. If youre inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is try to leave a building. 1 Drop to the ground. Get under an object(物体) that is not easily damaged. Hold on to it until the shak
11、ing stops. You can also get to a corner formed by two walls with your arms over your hand. If youre in bed when the quake hits, stay there and protect your head with a pillow. 2 Dont take shelter under a tree, street lights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop as quickly as po
12、ssible and stay away from overpasses(立交桥), buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse beneath you. 3If you are trapped in ruins, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or a piece of clothing. Use your cell phone to call for help if possible. Dont shout. 4 Tap(敲) on a pipe or the w
13、all so rescuers can find you. Be prepared for aftershocks. 5 However, sometimes they even happen months later. Therefore, if you are not in a safe position(位置) after the first shock, you should move quickly but carefully to a safer place. A. Dont move about or kick up dust. B. If youre outside, go t
14、o an open space. C. Shouting can cause you to breathe in dust. D. Dont park your car under a tree or any tall object. E. Take a good hold of your cell phone in the building. F. They can happen in the first hours after the earthquake. G. Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out
15、. 【语篇概述】本文主要讲述了为了预防像地震这样的自然灾害所造成的伤害和死亡, 人们应该遵守的一些安全提示。1. 【解析】选G。根据空前的句子If youre inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is try to leave a building可知G项正好有和上句相对应的关键词people inside buildings try to go out, 而且G项的意思“当楼里的人们尽力出去的时候, 大多数的伤亡就会发生。”承接上句。故选G。2. 【解析】
16、选B。根据空后的这段描述可知本段主要讲的是“如果你在外面, 你就要到一个开阔的地方”。所以B项能概括本段的意思。故选B。3. 【解析】选D。因D项有与本段上文相同的句式结构(即Dont. . . ), 且其意思“不要把车停在树下或任何一个高的物体之下”是补全本段主题的其他细节, 承接上文。故选D。4. 【解析】选C。根据空前句子Dont shout可知, C项中有与它相对应的关键词“shouting”, 且其意思“大喊会使你吸入灰尘”正好承接上句。故选C。5. 【解析】选F。根据空前本段的主题句Be prepared for aftershocks和空后的描述可知F项正好是说明这个主题的细节,
17、 而且句意“余震在地震后的最初几个小时里就可能发生。”与空后的句子构成转折关系。所以F项承接上下文。故选F。阅读理解Perhaps no one knows the power of imagination better than Chinese writer Liu Cixin. Until five years ago, Liu worked full-time as a computer engineer at a power plant in Shanxi province. He only wrote science fiction in his spare time. But it
18、 was during this time that Lius imagination took flight. He did what he might never have the chance to do in real lifewander in space, fight with aliens, and visit planets light-years away. But even with such a powerful imagination, Liu, probably hadnt expected that he would become the first Asian t
19、o win the Hugo Award, science fictions highest prize, in 2015. Perhaps neither did he think that former US president Barack Obama would read his novel The Three Body Problem, nor that on Nov. 9 in Washington DC, he would win the 2018 Arthur C. Clarke Award for Imagination in Service to Society. Its
20、the first time a Chinese writer has ever won the award. In his acceptance speech, Liu said that he owed his imagination to Arthur C. Clarke (19172008), a famous UK sci-fi author. He said that reading Clarkes 1968 classic novel 2001: A Space Odyssey in the early 1980s had a great effect on him. “My m
21、ind opened up like never before. I felt like a narrow river finally seeing the sea, ” Liu said. “That night, in my eyes, the starry sky was completely different from the past. For the first time in my life, I was awed (使敬畏) by the mystery of the universe. ”But no matter how far away Lius imagination
22、 takes him, somehow his novels always stay rational. In The Three Body Problem, for example, Liu tells a tale of aliens invading Earth. But unlike other alien stories, Liu talks more about relationships between civilizations, rules of survival, and the meanings of life. And in The Wandering Earth, L
23、iu looks ahead to the day when our solar system comes to an end and humans have to look for a new place to live. However, all his visions and solutions are based on “hard science”. Lius works arent simply daydreams. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇人物传记。文章讲述的是刘慈欣的成就与写作风格。1. What do we know about Liu Cixin? A. He became a
24、 full-time writer when he was young. B. He dreamed about wandering in space from childhood. C. He is the first Asian to win the Arthur C. Clarke Award. D. He is the first Chinese winner of the Hugo Award. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段中“But even with such a powerful imagination. . . science fictions highest pri
25、ze, in 2015. ”可推知, 刘慈欣是第一位获得雨果奖的中国人。故选D。2. Liu Cixins words are used mainly to show _. A. his interest in mysteries of the universeB. his feeling after reading Clarkes workC. his love of reading science fictionD. his confusion when he started writing【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段“My mind opened up like never be
26、fore. . . by the mystery of the universe. ”可知, 刘慈欣的话主要是表达自己在阅读克拉克的作品后的感受。故选B。3. Why did the author mention The Three Body Problem and The Wandering Earth? A. To compare the different writing styles in the two books. B. To explain how Liu Cixin came up with his ideas. C. To prove that Liu Cixins work
27、s relate science to reality. D. To show that Liu Cixin has a powerful imagination. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, all his visions and solutions. . . daydreams. ”可知, 作者提到The Three Body Problem和The Wandering Earth是为了证明刘慈欣的作品是科学与现实的结合。故选C。4. Whats the text mainly about? A. Liu Cixins achievements and wr
28、iting style. B. Liu Cixins contributions to science fiction. C. How Liu Cixin became a sci-fi writer. D. How Liu Cixin started a new sci-fi style. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据第一段“Perhaps no one knows the power of imagination. . . and visit planets light-years away. ”可知, 本文讲述的是刘慈欣的成就与写作风格。故选A。【素养培优】结合上面的阅读填句, 给同学
29、们一些防震抗灾的小提示, 写一篇80词左右的短文。_【参考范文】Earthquakes can be extremely dangerous for people. If you want to survive an earthquake, you should keep the following safety tips in mind. Firstly, the most important thing in a building is to find something that is not easily damaged during the earthquake. Secondly,
30、 if you are outside, go to an open space as soon as possible. Stay away from anything that may fall. Thirdly, if you are trapped in somewhere, save your energy and wait for the rescue. Tapping on something is more effective than shouting for help. At last, be prepared for aftershocks. You should move quickly but carefully to a safer place.