1、课时素养检测 二十四Unit 5Period 4. 阅读理解The history of Chinese calligraphy is probably as long as that of China itself. Calligraphy is a special category(范畴) in Chinas world of fine arts. Through the centuries Chinese characters have changed constantly and are mainly divided into five categories today: the se
2、al script(zhuan shu), official script(li shu), regular script(kai shu), running script(xing shu)and cursive script(cao shu). Calligraphy involves a great deal of theory and requires many skills. Among the most outstanding calligraphers in ancient China were Wang Xizhi, Ouyang Xun, Yan Zhenqing, and
3、Liu Gongquan, who are known for pioneering their own styles. In writing calligraphy, one will need a brush, paper, an ink stick and an ink stone, commonly referred to as the “Four Treasures of the Study”. There are different types of brushes. White goat hair, black rabbit hair and yellow weasel hair
4、 brushes are the main ones. According to their function, brushes are classified into three groups: hard, soft and medium. Brush sticks are usually made of bamboo, wood, or porcelain(瓷器); ivory or jade sticks are rare and precious. The ink stick is a unique pigment(颜料)used for Chinese traditional pai
5、nting and calligraphy. The most famous ink stick is hui mo(Anhui ink stick), made from pines that grow on Huangshan Mountain in Anhui Province. Clean water is needed to grind the ink stick. Press the ink stick hard and rub it lightly, slowly and evenly against the ink slab(平板) to make thick, liquid
6、ink. While paper comes in many varieties, Xuan paper, produced in Xuanzhou (todays Anhui Province), is considered the best for Chinese calligraphy. The paper is soft and fine textured, suitable for conveying the artistic expression of both Chinese calligraphy and painting. With a good tensile(张力的) s
7、trength and moth-proof (防蛀虫) quality, the paper can be preserved for a long time. Ink stones or ink slabs have been classified into three categories: Duan, She and Tao. Features common to all three are hardness and fineness. Although the stone is hard and fine, it is not dry or slippery. Using a har
8、d and smooth stone, liquid ink can be produced easily by rubbing the ink stick against the stone. By handling the brush and ink skillfully and carefully, the artist can produce an infinite variety of calligraphic styles and forms. 【语篇概述】本文是说明文。文章介绍了中国书法的种类和练习书法需要的笔墨纸砚。1. How many varieties of Chines
9、e calligraphy are mainly there today? A. One. B. Three. C. Five. D. Six. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知, 现在, 中国书法主要有5种: 篆书、隶书、楷书、行书和草书。2. What is NOT probably necessary when writing calligraphy? A. A brush. B. Paper. C. Ink stick. D. Wood. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段可知练习书法时, 一般来说需要“笔、墨、纸和砚台”。D项是木材, 不是必需品。3. Which
10、of the following is NOT the good quality of Xuan paper? A. There are varieties of Xuan paper. B. It is very soft and fine textured. C. It can be kept for a long time. D. It is usually moth-proof. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第五段对宣纸的介绍, 可知宣纸的优点有柔软、防蛀虫、保存时间长等。种类多不是宣纸的优点。4. What does the passage mainly tell us? A. T
11、he history of Chinese calligraphy. B. The introduction of Chinese calligraphy. C. The Four Treasures of the Study. D. The varieties of Chinese calligraphy. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。文章前两段主要介绍了中国书法种类和中国历史上有代表性的书法名人。而第三到六段主要介绍了练习中国书法需要的文房四宝。故文章主要是中国书法的介绍。. 阅读填句根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As a teenage
12、r, being interesting can seem like a difficult task. You might feel like there is nothing unique about you or that others will find you uninteresting. 1. With an open mind and a little courage you can find new things about yourself that will draw others to you. 2. The most interesting people are tho
13、se who do things their own way and do not fit the demands of others. Find the things that make you the person that you are and develop them. 3. Instead, hug those things. Explore different ideas. Curiosity leads to the accumulation(积累)of new experiences and viewpoints. Instead of disconnecting from
14、“strange” or different ways of understanding the world, attract them and seek out new sources of information. 4. Find new books, movies, television shows, and podcasts(播客). Ask your teachers about learning about different schools of thought and philosophies. Try new things regularly. 5. Trying new t
15、hings will broaden your horizons and help you create new life experiences. Eat foods you have not tried before. Listen to new music or see a movie you typically would not watch. Seek out adventure whenever you can. A. Be real and hug your differenceB. Because confidence is important to youC. Always
16、be on the guard for new experiences of any sortD. I believe that thinking others must be helpful to you in the futureE. Do not be afraid of something because it is not considered mainlyF. Do not give up hobbies or avoid certain styles because they are not coolG. However, with a little confidence, yo
17、u can be someone that others find charming【语篇概述】本文介绍了作为一名青少年要变得令人关注的确是一项艰难的任务, 但只要有信心, 敢于探索和尝试即可拥有独特的魅力。1. 【解析】选G。上句提到发现你不令人关注, 下句说发现自己身上的新事物, 吸引他人, 由此可知, 此处上下句为转折关系。故选G。2. 【解析】选A。根据下句提到不符合其他人的要求以及本段最后一句hug those things可知, 要有自己的个性, 可以与众不同, 体现真实的自己。故选A。3. 【解析】选 F。由本段最后一句中的Instead, hug可知, 上句与此意思相反, 为“
18、放弃”, 结合选项F中的信息give up可知选F。4. 【解析】选 E。根据本段主题句Explore different ideas. 以及下句内容可知, 不是与“陌生”或者理解社会的不同方式分离而是吸引和寻找新的信息资源, 所以不能害怕这些事情, 这些不是主流, 可以去找新书等, 也可以问老师等。故选E。5. 【解析】选C。由上下句可知, 总是体验新的经历, 只要有可能就去冒险, 对于各种各样的冒险要时刻注意。故选C。. 完形填空I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was rather organized. Each of her o
19、bjects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got 1. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got 2 of each other. One evening war 3. Kate came
20、into the room. Soon, I heard her shouting, “Take your 4 away! Why under my bed! ” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I 5 to my feet and started shouting. She shouted back louder. The room was filled with 6. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered
21、 it. From her end of the conversation, I could 7 right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she 8, she quickly hid under her covers, sobbing(呜咽). Clearly, that was something she should not go through alone. All of a sudden, a 9 feeling of sympathy(同情) rose up in my heart. Slowly, I collected the
22、 pencils, took back the books, 10 my bed, cleaned the socks and swept the floor, 11 on her side. I was so buried in my work 12 I even didnt notice Kate had sat up. She was watching, her tears dried and her 13one of disbelief. Then, to my surprise, she 14 out her hands to catch mine. I looked up into
23、 her eyes. She smiled at me. “Thanks. ”Kate and I stayed 15 for the rest of the year. We didnt always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。作者与室友生活习惯迥异, 冲突在所难免。在室友遭遇悲痛之时, 作者以实际行动表达自己的同情, 从而达成和好。作者从中懂得一个道理: 让步、整理房间和坚持是处理室友关系的关键。1. A. u
24、glier B. cleaner C. messier D. lazier【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据第一句“I was never very neat”可知, “我”不爱干净, 与Kate习惯相反, 所以一段时间以后, “我”变得更邋遢了。故选C。2. A. angryB. tiredC. sadD. mad【解析】选B。习惯搭配题。get/be tired of厌烦。根据文意可知作者和Kate开始互相厌烦。故选B。3. A. broke inB. took placeC. set offD. broke out【解析】选D。短语辨析题。broke in闯入, 打断; took place
25、发生, 举办; set off出发, 引爆, 引发; broke out(战争、火灾等)爆发。有一天晚上, 战争(终于)爆发了。故选D。4. A. socksB. clothesC. shoesD. trousers【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下文“I saw my shoes flying at me”可知, 是“我”的鞋子在Kate的床下。故选C。5. A. ranB. jumpedC. flewD. walked【解析】选B。固定搭配题。jump to ones feet一跃而起, 跳起来。Kate把鞋子扔向了“我”, “我”跳起来朝她大叫。故选B。6. A. kindnessB. c
26、oncernC. sadnessD. anger【解析】选D。背景常识题。俩人吵架, 自然都很生气。故选D。7. A. tellB. expressC. forecastD. show【解析】选A。词语辨析题。tell告诉, 辨别; express表达; forecast预测; show展示, 显示, 引, 带。“我”能从Kate说的话听出来, 她奶奶得了重病。故选A。8. A. put upB. hung upC. held upD. went up【解析】选B。短语辨析题。put up举起, 留宿, 张贴; hung up挂断, 结束; held up举起, 阻碍; went up上升。挂
27、断电话之后, 她立刻呜咽起来。故选B。9. A. warmB. strangeC. coldD. funny【解析】选A。词语辨析题。warm温暖的; strange奇怪的; cold寒冷的; funny滑稽的。句意: 突然, 一股同情的暖流流经内心。故选A。10. A. broughtB. caughtC. madeD. changed【解析】选C。习惯搭配题。make ones bed铺床。根据下文“cleaned the socks and swept the floor”可知, “我”开始整理自己的东西, 包括铺床。故选C。11. A. butB. andC. evenD. so【解析
28、】选C。逻辑推理题。“我”甚至连Kate那边的地板也打扫了。故选C。12. A. thatB. whichC. whatD. who【解析】选A。固定句式题。so. . . that. . . 如此以至于“我”太投入了, 以至于没有注意到Kate坐起来。故选A。13. A. tongueB. expressionC. signD. position【解析】选B。词语辨析题。 tongue舌头, 语言; expression表情, 表达; sign符号, 手势, 迹象; position位置, 职位。她的脸上露出不敢相信眼前的景象的表情。故选B。14. A. tookB. heldC. reac
29、hedD. threw【解析】选C。take带走; hold 握住, 拿, 容纳; reach 到达, 伸出; throw扔掉。她伸出手来抓住“我”的手, reach out伸出。故选C。15. A. workmatesB. classmatesC. deskmatesD. roommates【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。workmate 同事; classmate同学; deskmate 同桌; roommate室友。根据文章内容可知, 两人是室友。故选D。. 语法填空This summer I travelled from noisy Beijing to Wuzhen, a beautifu
30、l village in Zhejiang Province. Unfolded before me was 1. _ unique image of this water countrythe stone bridge and the water flowing, all like fairy tales to me. However, what impressed me most was not the natural scenery but the scene of a grandma bathing a little baby in a wooden basin 2. _ the do
31、or open. My friends couldnt help 3. _(take)pictures of them. To my surprise, the grandma smiled and waved at us. All of a sudden, my heart was filled with 4. _(warm). I shared the photo and my 5. _(forget)experience with my friends. They were 6. _ (simple)moved as I was, but at the same time they re
32、minded me of the unpleasant experiences in big cities. We feel embarrassed to see people quarrelling in public because they 7. _(step)on accidentally by strangers. According to a recent survey 8. _(make), 45 % of the residents dont know the names of their neighbors; 63% have never devoted 9. _(they)
33、to talking to their neighbors; 67% think that the relationship between them and their neighbors is just so-so, or even bad. Wouldnt it be beautiful to say hello to our neighbors 10. _ just came back from work and give them a smile? 【文章大意】作者叙述了与朋友一起外出旅游的经过。1. 【解析】a。考查冠词。image是可数名词, 且第一次在语境中出现, 故用不定冠词
34、修饰, 且unique的读音不是以元音音素开头的。故用不定冠词a。2. 【解析】with。考查介词。“with+宾语+宾语补足语”构成with复合结构, 在句中作状语, 形容词open在此结构中作宾语补足语。3. 【解析】taking。考查固定结构。cant help doing sth. 意为“情不自禁做某事”, 符合语境。故用动名词形式作宾语。4. 【解析】warmth。考查名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。故用名词warmth作介词with的宾语。5. 【解析】unforgettable。考查形容词。修饰名词一般用形容词, 且此处与第二段呼应, 作者和朋友们分享的是难忘的经历, 故
35、用形容词unforgettable修饰名词experience, 在句子中作定语。6. 【解析】simply。考查副词。修饰动词一般用副词。故用副词simply在句子中作状语。7. 【解析】are stepped。考查时态和语态。根据句中by可知, 此处表示被动概念, 且由句中feel的时态可知, 应该用一般现在时的被动语态。8. 【解析】made。考查过去分词。make与survey之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。故用过去分词作定语。9. 【解析】themselves。考查代词。devote oneself to. . . 意为“致力于; 献身于”。10. 【解析】who/that。考查定语从句。
36、分析句子可知, 此处为定语从句, 从句修饰先行词neighbors(表人), 故用关系代词who/that。who/that在从句中作主语。书面表达假设你是红星中学的学生李明, 上周你在学校举办的英语竞赛中获得一等奖。老师请你用英语写一篇短文, 介绍你课外学习英语的经验并发表在你的博客上, 以供其他人借鉴。内容如下: 1. 参加英语角的益处; 2. 坚持写英语日记的作用; 3. 英文阅读网站(Enjoy Reading)对你的帮助。注意: 1. 词数: 80左右; 2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯; 3. 开头已给出, 不计入总词数。My name is Li Ming, a studen
37、t from Hongxing Middle School. _【参考范文】My name is Li Ming, a student from Hongxing Middle School. I got the first prize in the English Speech Contest held by our school not long ago. Here I feel delighted to share my experience in learning English with you. Firstly, I think, taking part in English Co
38、rners is helpful. So whenever there is an opportunity, I will grasp it and develop my interest to study English. Secondly, I keep on writing English diaries and in this way I can practise my written English. Thirdly, what interests me most is to surf Enjoy Reading. As we all know, we need extensive
39、reading which is a better way to broaden our horizons. In conclusion, Rome was not built in a day. Only when we stick to what we have decided to do will we achieve a goal. 阅读理解Can you write the Chinese characters “ganga” (embarrassment) correctly? Do you know how to write characters like “tiaozhou”
40、(broom)? If you cant, youre not alone. Nowadays, most people are typing into computers instead of writing on paper. We type Chinese characters largely according to their pronunciations. The result is to recognize characters without remembering how to write them. China Youth Daily once did a survey a
41、mong about 2, 500 people, in which about 99 percent said they had once forgotten how to write a common Chinese character. Compared to adults, teenagers are better at writing Chinese characters because they spend more time learning and practising at school. However, the influence of digital technolog
42、y cannot be ignored (忽视), according to He Yu, head of a research team for Chinese teaching at a Beijing high school. “Many students are obsessed (沉迷于) with digital devices such as electronic dictionaries and computers to help with their studies. Overuse of these tools will make students too lazy to
43、think and write, ” he said. Such worries have brought about a popular TV show titled Chinese Spelling Hero, which focuses on Chinese character writing among teenagers. In April, the Ministry of Education called for a better calligraphy education in schools. Organizations like the China Calligraphers
44、 Association are also working to train more teachers in calligraphy. Interestingly, calligraphy teachers cant always avoid the effects of modern technology. Shen Bin is a calligraphy teacher at a primary school in Beijing. She admitted that its common for teachers like her to forget certain words. “
45、The calligraphy class is also a good chance for me to remember how to write, ” she said. 【语篇概述】本文是调查报告。文章介绍了很多人因受电子设备的影响而不会写一些复杂的汉字。有人建议书法课可以解决这一问题。1. What does the underlined sentence mean? A. Many people can write characters like “tiaozhou”. B. Few people can write characters like “tiaozhou”. C. Y
46、ou will feel lonely if you cant write characters. D. Writing characters will make you feel lonely. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段的介绍可知很多人不会写“尴尬”和“笤帚”这些汉字。所以说如果你不会写, 你并不孤单。2. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Compared to adults, teenagers do worse in writing Chinese characters. B. 2, 500 people in the survey ha
47、d forgotten how to write some characters. C. We type Chinese characters largely according to their shapes and meanings. D. Overuse of the electronic tools will make students too lazy to think and write. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段中Overuse of these tools will make students too lazy to think and write可知选D。3. W
48、hats the purpose of writing the passage? A. To tell us not to use computers too much. B. To tell us not to watch TV too much. C. To tell us to remember some Chinese characters. D. To tell us to learn from calligraphy teachers. 【解析】选C。主旨大意题。根据前两段的介绍可知, 本文主要说的是目前很多中国人因受电子设备的影响而不会写一些复杂的汉字。故文章呼吁我们记住一些汉字的写法。4. What may this passage be? A. A story. B. A report. C. A diary. D. An ad. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。本文介绍了目前我国很多人的书写现状, 是一篇调查报告。