1、Section_Grammar 定语从句()语法图解探究发现1The number of people who/that were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400,000.2Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which/that was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.3The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bu
2、ry the dead.4China is a country that/which has a long history.5Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.6The man (whom/who/that) I have to phone lives in Canada.我的发现(1)关系代词who指人，在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，如句1、句3和句6。(2)关系代词whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，在口语和非正式文体中可用who或that替换，如句6。(3)关系代词which指物，在定语
3、从句中作主语或宾语，如句2和句4。(4)关系代词that既可以指人也可以指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，如句1、句2、句4和句6。(5)关系代词whose既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作定语，如句5。一、定义1在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。2关系词分为关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose, as等)和关系副词(when, where, why等)两类。二、关系代词的基本用法1who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语、宾语或表语。The children who were injure
4、d in a car accident are being treated in the hospital now.在车祸中受伤的孩子们现在正在医院接受治疗。Danny was the man who we rescued from the ruins.丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。2whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略，也可用who代替。Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about.罗丝是你应该关心的人。The boy (whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor.老师经常
5、表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。3whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作定语。I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。He lives in a room whose window faces north.他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。 即时演练1关系代词填空Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?Those who want to see the film set down
6、your names, please.This is the person who/whom you should thank for helping your son.The girl who graduated from Cambridge University is called Amanda.I like those books whose topics are about history.Any student whose family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government.4which指事物，在定语
7、从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring (which) he had lost on the train.那个年轻人领回了在火车上丢失的金戒指，非常高兴。The little girl is having an apple which is big and red.小女孩正在吃一个又大又红的苹果。5that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可以省略。习惯上指人多用who/whom，指物多用which。The number of people that/who
8、 come to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人，作主语)The suitcase that/which lies on the ground is hers.地上放的那个手提箱是她的。(that指物，作主语)名师点津(1)关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。译昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。误The film (that/which) we saw it last night is very frighte
9、ning.正The film (that/which) we saw last night is very frightening.(2)关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。Is that the girl (whom/who/that) you spoke of the other day?那就是你前几天所提到的女孩吗？即时演练2关系代词填空Look, here are some people who/whom/that I want you to meet.Do you still remember the chicken farm that/which we visite
10、d three months ago?The picture which/that was about the accident was terrible.三、关系词只能用that而不用which的情况 1当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, much等不定代词时。Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said?李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？ All that can be done has been done.所有能做的都做了。2先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。The first place that
11、 they visited in London was the Big Ben.在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。 This is the most delicious food that I have ever had.这是我吃过的最美味的食品。3先行词被all, every, no, the only, the very, the last等修饰时。Ive read all the books that are not mine.我已经读了所有那些不是我的书。The only thing that she could do was to go to the police for help
12、.她唯一能做的事就是去求助警察。I have found the very pen that I lost yesterday.我已找到昨天丢的钢笔。 4当先行词既指人，又指物时。 We often talk about the persons and things that we remember. 我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。 即时演练3补全句子This is the most beautiful park that_I_have_visited.这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。She took photographs of the things and people that_she_
13、was_interested_in.她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。Chatting was the_only_thing_that interested her most.聊天是她唯一最感兴趣的事。.单句语法填空1I still remember the earthquake that/which happened in 2008 in Sichuan.2Have you read the book which/that was written by Anne Frank?3The first thing that he did after arriving home was doing
14、his homework.4Is this the teacher who/that rescued several students from the burning building?5Do you know the lady who/that our English teacher is talking with under the big tree?6It is the tallest building that Daming has seen ever since he came here.7My father bought a new bike for me whose price
15、 added up to more than 1,000 yuan.8She said she would do anything that could help her mother recover from the disease.9Anyone who has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.10The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.用定语从句合并句子1Do you know the man? The man spoke to the h
16、eadmaster just now.Do you know the man who/that_spoke_to_the_headmaster_just_now?2I have seen the film. Theyre talking about the film.I have seen the film that/which_theyre_talking_about.3The book was written by Mark Twain. He was a famous American writer.The book was written by Mark Twain who_was_a
17、_famous_American_writer.4Last week Mary wore the dress. I gave it to her.Last week Mary wore the dress that/which_I_gave_to_her.5The girl is from America. Her father is a Chinese.The girl whose_father_is_a_Chinese is from America.6My grandparents live in a house. It is more than 100 years old.My gra
18、ndparents live in a house which/that_is_more_than_100_years_old.补全句子1This is the very hotel (that)_I_stayed_at when I was travelling here.这就是我在这儿旅行时住过的旅馆。2He is a man whom_we_are_all_ready_to_learn_from.他是我们大家都愿意向他学习的人。3This is the very book that_I_am_looking_for.这正是我要找的那本书。4The earthquake that/which_happened_in_Tangshan_in_1976 shocked the people all over the world.发生在1976年的唐山地震使全世界人民感到震惊。5She is one of the girls who_have_passed_the_exam.她是通过考试的女孩之一。