1、课时分层作业(三).阅读理解AThere is an old saying in English: “Laughter is the best medicine”Until recently, few people took the saying very seriously.Now, however, doctors have begun to investigate laughter and the effects it has on the human body.They have found evidence that laughter really can improve peopl
2、es health.Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body.People watched funny films, while doctors checked their heart rate, blood pressure, breathing and muscles.It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise.It increases blood pressure, the heart rate and
3、the rate of breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach, and even the feet.If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial.Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be capable of reducing the effect of pain on the body.In one experiment doctors produced pa
4、in in groups of students who listened to different radio programs.The group, which tolerated the pain for the longest time, was the group, which listened to a funny program.The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce endorphins (内啡肽)in the brain.These are natural che
5、micals that diminish both stress and pain.There is also some evidence to suggest that laughter helps the bodys immune (免疫的) system, that is, the system which fights infection.In an experiment, one group of students watched a funny video while another group served as the control groupin other words,
6、a group with which to compare the first group.Doctors checked the blood of the students in both groups and found that the people in the group that watched the video had an increase in the activity of their blood cells, that is, the cells which fight infection.As a result of these discoveries, some d
7、octors and psychiatrists (精神病学家)in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they try to improve their patients conditions by encouraging them to laugh.They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects
8、similar to those caused by laughter.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是医生们研究笑对人体的影响，并且发现了笑确实可以改善人们的健康。1We learn from the first paragraph that laughter Ais good for ones healthBis related to some illnessChas been investigated long sinceDhas no effect on the bodyA细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Now, however, doctors have begun to
9、investigate laughter and the effects it has on the human body.They have found evidence that laughter really can improve peoples health.”可知，笑对人们的健康是有好处的，故选A。2Doctors have found that laughter Akeeps down blood pressureBhas similar effects to physical exerciseCdecreases the heart rateDincreases stressB
10、细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise.”可知，选B。3Which of the following statements is NOT true of laughter according to the passage?AIt reduces pain.BIt exercises the body.CIt improves the bodys immune system.DIt can cure cancer.D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It was found th
11、at laughter has similar effects to physical exercise.”，第三段中的“Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be capable of reducing the effect of pain on the body.”和第四段中的“There is also some evidence to suggest that laughter helps the bodys immune system, that is, the system which fights infection.”可
12、知，A、B、C三项都是正确的，文中并未提到笑可以治愈癌症，故选D。4In a laughter clinic, doctors Alaugh at their patientsBencourage their patients to laughCsmile when they dont feel like laughingDnever stop laughingB细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As a result of these discoveries, some doctors and psychiatrists in the United States now hold laughte
13、r clinics, in which they try to improve their patients conditions by encouraging them to laugh.”可知，在笑声诊所里，医生们鼓励他们的病人去笑，故选B。BI once complained to my friend Mike, “I often cycle two miles from my house to the town center but unfortunately there is a big hill on the route.” He replied, “You mean fortun
14、ately.” He explained that I should be glad of the extra exercise that the hill provided.My attitude to the hill has now changed.I used to complain as I approached it but now I tell myself the following.This hill will exercise my heart and lungs.It will help me to lose weight and get fit.It will mean
15、 that I live longer.This hill is my friend.Finally I comfort myself with the thought of all those silly people who pay money to go to a gym and sit on stationary exercise bicycles when I can get the same value for free.I have a smile of satisfaction as I reach the top of the hill.Problems are there
16、to be faced and overcome.We cannot achieve anything with an easy life.Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind person to gain a university degree.Her activism and writing proved inspirational.She wrote, “The character cannot be developed with ease.Only through experiences of suffering can the soul
17、be strengthened, vision cleared, ambition inspired and success achieved.”One of the main determinants of success in life is our attitude towards adversity.From time to time we all face hardships, problems, accidents and difficulties.Some are of our making but many are no fault of our own.While we ca
18、nnot choose adversity, we can choose our attitude towards it.Douglas Bader was 21 when in 1931 he had both legs cut off following a flying accident.He was determined to fly again and went on to become one of the leading flying aviators in the Battle of Britain with 22 aerial victories over the Germa
19、ns.He was an inspiration to others during the war.He said, “Dont listen to anyone who tells you that you cant do this or that.Thats nonsense.Make up your mind, and youll never use crutches or a stick, and then have a go at everything.Go to school, and join in all the games you can.Go anywhere you wa
20、nt to.But never, never let them persuade you that things are too difficult or impossible.”The biographies of great people are full of examples of how they took steps to overcome the difficulties they faced.The common thread is that they did not become depressed.They chose their attitude.They chose t
21、o be positive.They took on the challenge.They won.Nevertheless, there is still the problem of how you change your attitude towards adversity.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。生活中，决定成败的主要因素之一是我们对待逆境的态度。虽然我们不能避免逆境，但是我们能选择面对它的态度。5Which of the following is TRUE according to the author of the passage?AOne who wants to achi
22、eve success cant expect to live an easy life.BClimbing hills on bicycles is the best way to take exercise.CGoing to a gym is greatly beneficial to peoples health.DPeoples attitude to hardships is the only factor of their success.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“We cannot achieve anything with an easy life.”可知，一个想要成功的
23、人不能期望过着轻松的生活。故选A。6What does the author intend to tell us by quoting what Douglas Bader said?AFailure is the mother of success.BA bad workman quarrels with his tools.CIf you risk nothing, you will have nothing.DNothing is difficult to the man who will try.D推理判断题。根据所引用的话“Dont listen to anyone who tell
24、s you that you cant do this or that .Make up your mind, and .Go anywhere you want to.But never, never let them persuade you that things are too difficult or impossible.”可知，这与D项“世上无难事，只要肯登攀”意境吻合，故选D。7What will the author further talk about in the following paragraph?AHow his friend helped him to chan
25、ge his attitude towards the challenge he faced.BWhy it is important to keep optimistic in the face of trouble.CWhat steps to take to change your attitude towards the difficulties you face.DWhat great people have in common.C推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nevertheless, there is still the problem of how you change your
26、attitude towards adversity.”可知，作者在接下来的段落会谈论“如何改变对待逆境的态度”。故选C。8Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?ADifferent Attitudes Towards MisfortuneBFace Difficulties with a SmileCNothing Is ImpossibleDLife is Full of AdversityB标题归纳题。本文通过名人对待逆境的例子，围绕面对逆境我们应持乐观的态度这一话题展开，所以B项“笑对逆境”适合作本
27、文标题。.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。As we get older there are certain gifts standing out in our memories for a variety of reasons.One gift I was given and treasured most was a doll named Patsy.She wasnt originally mine but was my younger sisters Christmas gift, but on holding Patsy I immed
28、iately fell in love with her and couldnt bear to part with her.Luckily, my sister was quite happy to exchange dolls.From then on Patsy was my baby and I continued to love her dearly and would have died for her.Another gift I offered my mom has been shining in my mind.On a Saturday, I was on my way t
29、o the local cinema when I happened to glimpse(一瞥) at the window of the gift shop at the corner of our street.There were lovely gloves, pretty flowered handkerchiefs, and rose patterned teacups and saucers, all in pretty boxes.Seeing all these lovely gifts reminded me that it would soon be Mothers Da
30、y and my mothers birthday.Wouldnt it be nice, I thought, if I could give my mother something really special, something Id bought myself? So I stepped inside the shop and admired a dressing table set, which was a green cut glass with ornamental tray(装饰托盘) and several matching pieces.I was sure my mot
31、her would love it.The lady must have seen my disappointment when she told me the price.But she had a suggestion which immediately lifted my spirits.She pulled out a large notebook and wrote my name in it and the gift I wanted to buy, and in return I paid her a penny from my pocket money.It meant no
32、sweets that day but I didnt care.At the age of nine, Id made my very first layby(分期付款).and felt like a grownup.From then on, every Saturday I dropped in at the shop on schedule and paid a penny, which the lady dutifully recorded in her notebook.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2请按如下格式作答。The day before Mothers Day I
33、 paid the last two pence. Too excited to wait till Sunday, I excitedly presented the gift to my mother. 【参考范文】The day before Mothers Day I paid the last two pence.As the lady wrapped the gift in brown paper and tied it with string, I attentively signed the notebook to say I had completed my layby.I
34、thanked her and excitedly left the shop.“ Be careful not to drop it.” she called after me.Securely, the gift tucked under my arm, I skipped the short distance home.Too excited to wait till Sunday, I excitedly presented the gift to my mother.I placed the parcel on my mothers lap and I stood by her si
35、de, hopping from one foot to the other, as she painstakingly untied every single knot in the string and slowly peeled away the brown paper as if she were unfolding butterfly wings, to reveal the box.My heart was racing.Then, as I bit into my bottom lip, she carefully began to lift the lid.“Do you like it, do you like it？” I asked excitedly, “Yes, I love it so much and Ill keep it with me.” said my mother.She was delighted, smiling sweetly.The special gift survived many house moves, and it was still sitting on my mothers dressing table.