1、2020-2021学年江苏省常州市第一高级中学高一下学期期末英语试卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A #ChefsChallenge!Love cooking? Join famous chefs with this online challengecook, have fun and share your best healthy recipes!When it comes to food, its difficult to
2、match East Asia & Pacific in terms of variety and tastiness. From wontons to dumplings, from spicy fish to noodle soups, East Asia & Pacifics amazing food culture is a central part of life for millions of people and indeed tourists from across the world.However, changes in diet and lifestyle in rece
3、nt years have sadly destroyed traditional food cultures, and the health of millions of people. Cheap “fast food” and unhealthy snacks that are high in sugar, salt and fat are now all too common but offer little nutrition.A new challengeToday, there are more than 25 million of malnourished children l
4、iving in the region, but the picture is changing. While the number of stunted (发育不良) children is slowly falling in many countries, overweight and obesity are growing, and at a much faster rate.In many countries, three forms of malnutritionundernutrition, hidden hunger and overweight-co-exist. A fami
5、ly may have an overweight mother and a stunted child. Or a child may be both stunted or too short and overweight. Unhealthy diets are a major cause of all forms of malnutrition.Join us!One way to slow this tide is to reconnect families and young people with food. Thats why chefs from across the regi
6、on are taking part in the #ChefsChallenge, asking you to show off your cooking skills. Get involved today by sharing your recipes with videos, photos or any other creative ways on social media using #ChefsChallenge and tagging UNICEF East Asia Pacific on Instagram, Twitter or Facebook.1. What has ba
7、dly affected the traditional food culture in East Asia & Pacific?A. Western cooks arriving.B. Peoples turning to unhealthy food.C. Tourists bringing new recipes.D. Overweight childrens growing in number.2. What can we infer about “a malnourished child”?A. He is in a poor state of health.B. He is sho
8、rter than other kids.C. He has an overweight parent.D. He prefers eating at home.3. What is the purpose of “#ChefsChallenge”?A. To introduce excellent Asian cooks online.B. To help ordinary people challenge professional cooks.C. To reconnect people with tasty and nutritious food.D. To encourage fami
9、ly and friends to get together online.【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了网络的厨艺展示平台#ChefsChallenge，号召大家在网络上展示厨艺。【1题详解】细节理解题。由#ChefsChallenge!下的第三段“However, changes in diet and lifestyle in recent years have sadly destroyed traditional food cultures, and the health of millions of people. Cheap “fa
10、st food” and unhealthy snacks that are high in sugar, salt and fat are now all too common but offer little nutrition.”（然而，近年来饮食和生活方式的改变不幸地破坏了传统饮食文化和数百万人的健康。廉价的“快餐”和不健康的高糖、高盐、高脂肪的零食现在都太普遍了，但它们提供的营养却很少。）可知，是人们现在转向不健康的食物（廉价的“快餐”和不健康的高糖、高盐、高脂肪的零食）严重影响了东亚和太平洋地区的传统饮食文化。故选B项。【2题详解】推理判断题。由A new challenge下的第
11、二段中的“In many countries, three forms of malnutritionundernutrition, hidden hunger and overweight-co-exist.”（许多国家，三种形式的营养失调营养不良、隐性饥饿和超重并存。）可知，营养失调的儿童会面临营养不良、隐性饥饿和超重，可得出营养失调的儿童身体不好。故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。由Join us!下“One way to slow this tide is to reconnect families and young people with food. Thats why chefs
12、 from across the region are taking part in the #ChefsChallenge, asking you to show off your cooking skills.”（减缓这一趋势的一个方法是让家庭和年轻人重新获得食物。这就是为什么来自不同地区的厨师都要参加“厨师挑战赛”，要求你展示自己的烹饪技巧。），结合上文关于不健康饮食的说明，可得出#ChefsChallenge是为了使人们重新获得美味、营养的食物。故选C项。BEver since she received a little toy airliner as a birthday gift,
13、 Kate Koralevskaya has been attracted by flight. From flying remote-controlled airplanes to building her own model ones, Kate has always considered flying a plane one of her passions, but only until recently has she been able to take that to new heights. When Kate heard about the Upwind Scholarship
14、from her school counselor, she knew it was an extraordinary opportunity to realize her dream. The programs mission is to provide all the training necessary to obtain a private pilots license (PPL) for students in between their junior and senior year of high school free of charge. After completing a
15、lengthy application and her subsequent acceptance into the program, Kate began her training last spring. Normally, recipients of the scholarship would attend ground school in person where they learn the fundamentals of flying. Due to the pandemic (大流行病), however, Kate spent hours each weekend studyi
16、ng online lessons in her room whenever she got a break from homework. Once summer came around, Kate and three peers put in two straight weeks of ground school, reviewing fight training from nine to five every day. It was the toughest part of the program, Kate said. After completing that portion of g
17、round school, Kate was finally able to begin flying at the San Carlos Airport with the other scholarship recipients from around the Bay Area. Flying, especially for first-timers like Kate, is a hands-on process involving lots of checklists to make sure the important tasks are being taken care of. No
18、w, having finished the program and earned her PPL, Kate plans on training as a fight instructor and hopes to become an airline pilot in her future. She credits the Upwind Scholarship for all shes been able to accomplish so far and hopes that anyone who shares her passion will look into it. “It is a
19、very hard scholarship to get into, and you have to be truly interested in flight,” Kate said. “It cant be something like Oh, why dont I try flying this summer? You have to be ready to do a lot of work and put in effort in order to succeed in the program. ”4. What does the underlined word “that” in P
20、aragraph 1 refer to?A. Her skill of building model airplanes.B. Her wish to take fights around the world.C. Her childhood dream of becoming a pilot.D. Her desire to fly remoter-controlled airplanes.5. What is the goal of the Upwind Scholarship?A. To help students in need to achieve their dreams.B. T
21、o provide necessary training for private pilots for free.C. To give students expert advice on earning a scholarship.D. To prepare high school students to become a private pilot.6. What did Kate do in ground school?A. She took online lessons on flying.B. She went over the fundamentals of flying.C. Sh
22、e did some research into the pandemic.D. She finished applying for the program.7. Which of the following best describes Kate?A. Confident and aggressive.B. Strong willed and patient.C. Demanding and courageous.D. Ambitious and hard-working.【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. D【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Kate从小就爱好飞行，后来为了实
23、现成为一名飞行员的梦想所做出的努力。【4题详解】词句猜测题。划线词前一句提到“Kate has always considered flying a plane one of her passions（Kate一直考虑将驾驶飞机视为自己的一个爱好）”，下一段中提到“it was an extraordinary opportunity to realize her dream.（这是她实现梦想的好机会。）”由此可知，Kate小时候爱好飞行，驾驶飞机是她的梦想。由此可以猜测， that指“她小时候成为一名飞行员的梦想”。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。 根据文章第二段中“The programs
24、 mission is to provide all the training necessary to obtain a private pilots license (PPL) for students in between their junior and senior year of high school free of charge. （该计划的任务是免费为高二和高三学生提供所需要的所有培训，可以让他们获得私人飞机飞行员执照）”可知，“Upwind Scholarship”的目标是为了让高中生成为一名私人飞机飞行员做准备。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。文章第三段中提到“recip
25、ients of the scholarship would attend ground school in person where they learn the fundamentals of flying.”（奖学金获得者需要到地面学校学习飞行的基础知识） 以及“Kate and three peers put in two straight weeks of ground school, reviewing fight training（Kate 和三个同学连续上了两周的地面学校，回顾飞行训练。）”可知，在疫情过后，Kate在地面学校去学习回顾飞行的基础知识。故选B。【7题详解】推理判
26、断题。文章倒数第二段提到“having finished the program and earned her PPL, Kate plans on training as a fight instructor and hopes to become an airline pilot in her future.（已经完成了这个项目，获得了私人飞机驾驶员执照，Kate计划接受飞行教官的培训，并希望将来成为一名飞行员）”可以推断，Kate很有志向；根据最后一段中Kate所说的话中 “It is a very hard scholarship to get into, and you have t
27、o be truly interested in flight,” .You have to be ready to do a lot of work and put in effort in order to succeed in the program. ”（“这是一项很难获得的奖学金，你必须对飞行真正感兴趣。”以及“为了项目的成功，你必须准备好做大量的工作和付出努力”）可以推断， Kate为了获得奖学金很努力。因此Kate很有雄心壮志，为了梦想而努力。故选D。C“A CAREER BOOK about Asians? Arent they doing fine?” So begins B
28、reaking the Bamboo Ceiling, a very large scholarly book by Jane Hyun published in 2005. Because Asian-Americans had higher incomes and education levels and committed fewer crimes than their average countrymen, they were seen as a model minority. Despite this, they rarely rose to the top of companies
29、. A mix of individual, cultural and organizational barriers the “bamboo ceiling” of the books title seemed to prohibit them from rising.Fifteen years later Asians are still under-represented. In the technology sectors, Asians make up over 30% of the workers but less than 15% of bosses. In 2017 Asian
30、s made up roughly 6% of the countrys population but only 3% of the bosses of S&P 500 (标准普尔 500 指数) firms.Some prominent Asians run big companies. Arvind Krishna is IBMs new boss. Satya Nadella runs Microsoft and Sundar Pichai leads Alphabet. But few other Asians have joined their ranks and, revealin
31、gly, these stars all have Indian roots. There are fewer South Asians in America than East Asians, but they still made up 13 of all 16 Asian S&P 500 CEOs.Why are there so few Asians among Americas business elite? And if a bamboo ceiling is to blame, why do South Asians break through more easily? Thes
32、e questions are the focus of a study by Jackson Lu of MIT Sloan School of Management and colleagues, who surveyed hundreds of senior executives and business-school students. They found that while discrimination exists, it is not destiny. South Asians endure greater racism than East Asians but still
33、outperform even whites (if success is weighed against share of population). Their research also rules out lack of ambition: a greater share of Asians than whites endeavor for high-status jobs.That leaves culture. The researchers conclude that South Asians tend to be more determined and confident tha
34、n East Asians in how they communicate at work, which fits Western concepts of how a leader should behave. The same tendency for confident remarks featured in “The Argumentative Indian”, a book by Amartya Sen, a Nobel-prize winning economist. The researchers owe East Asians silence to Confucian value
35、s of modesty and respect for social ranking. Sometimes bravery and bombast are needed to break bamboo.8. What does “bamboo ceiling” refer to?A. The top of an American technology company.B. A roof made of bamboo typical of Asian buildings.C. Promotion obstacles facing Asian employees in America.D. Th
36、e invisible discrimination against Asians in the USA.9. What does “under-represented” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Lacking representatives.B. Hard to show their talents.C. Being underestimated.D. Unable to land a job.10. According to Jackson Lu, what mainly accounts for fewer promotions of East Asians tha
37、n South Asians?A. A small population.B. Discrimination.C. Lack of ambition.D. Culture.11. Why do South Asians succeed in American business more easily?A. Western people prefer modesty to confidence in communication.B. The confidence they demonstrate consists with Western leadership.C. They endure gr
38、eater racism and become more ambitious.D. Their ambition urges them to endeavor for high-status jobs.【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章以一本名为Breaking the Bamboo Ceiling的书为引入，指出了在美国的亚洲员工面临晋升障碍的社会现象，同时南亚人比东亚人更容易晋升，分析了产生这一现象背后的种种原因。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Because Asian-Americans had higher incomes a
39、nd education levels and committed fewer crimes than their average countrymen, they were seen as a model minority. Despite this, they rarely rose to the top of companies. A mix of individual, cultural and organizational barriers the “bamboo ceiling” of the books title seemed to prohibit them from ris
40、ing.(由于亚裔美国人的收入和教育水平更高，犯罪行为也比一般同胞少，他们被视为模范少数族裔。尽管如此，他们很少能升到公司的高层。个人、文化和组织的障碍书名中的“bamboo ceiling”混合在一起，似乎阻止了他们的晋升)”可知，“bamboo ceiling”指的是在美国的亚洲员工面临的晋升障碍。故选C。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“In the technology sectors, Asians make up over 30% of the workers but less than 15% of bosses. In 2017 Asians made up roughl
41、y 6% of the countrys population but only 3% of the bosses of S&P 500 (标准普尔 500 指数) firms.(在科技行业，亚洲人占员工总数的30%以上，但占老板总数的不到15%。2017年，亚洲人约占美国人口的6%，但在标准普尔500指数成分股公司的老板中，亚洲人只占3%)”可知，15年后，亚洲人在行业中仍然没有得到充分的代表，即亚洲人缺乏代表。故画线词意思为“缺乏代表”。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“South Asians endure greater racism than East Asians
42、 but still outperform even whites (if success is weighed against share of population). Their research also rules out lack of ambition: a greater share of Asians than whites endeavor for high-status jobs.(南亚人忍受着比东亚人更严重的种族主义，但表现仍然超过白人如果成功与人口比例相比较的话。他们的研究也排除了缺乏雄心壮志的可能性：努力获得高职位的亚洲人比白人要多)”以及最后一段中“That le
43、aves culture.(这样一来就只剩下文化这种原因)”可推知，根据Jackson Lu的研究，东亚人升职比南亚人少的主要原因是文化。故选D。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The researchers conclude that South Asians tend to be more determined and confident than East Asians in how they communicate at work, which fits Western concepts of how a leader should behave.(研究人员得出的结论是，南亚
44、人在工作中的沟通方式往往比东亚人更有决心和自信，这符合西方关于领导者的行事概念)”可知，南亚人更容易在美国商业中成功，是因为他们表现出的信心与西方领导一致。故选B。DGreat work is work that makes a difference in peoples lives, writes David Sturt, Executive Vice President of the O.C. Tanner Institute, in his book Great Work: How to Make a Difference People Love. Sturt insists, howe
45、ver, that great work is not just for surgeons or special-needs educators or the founders of organizations trying to eliminate poverty in sub-Saharan Africa. The central theme of Great Work, according to Sturt, is that anyone can make a difference in any job. Its not the nature of the job, but what y
46、ou do with the job that counts. As proof, Sturt tells the story of a remarkable hospital cleaner named Moses.In a building filled with doctors and nurses doing great life-saving work, Moses the cleaner makes a difference. Whenever he enters a room, especially a room with a sick child, he engages bot
47、h patients and parents with his optimism and calm, introducing himself to the child and, Sturt writes, speaking “little comments about light and sunshine and making things clean.” He comments on any progress he sees day by day (“youre sitting up today, thats good.”) Moses is no doctor and doesnt pre
48、tend to be, but he has witnessed hundreds of sick children recovering from painful surgery, and parents take comfort from his encouraging words. For Matt and Mindi, whose son McKay was born with only half of a heart, Moses became a close friend. As Sturt explains, “Moses took his innate (与生俱来的) tale
49、nts (his sensitivity) and his practical wisdom (from years of hospital experience) and combined them into a powerful form of patient and family support that changed the critical-care experience for Mindi, Matt and little McKay.”How do people like Moses do great work when so many people just work? Th
50、at was the central question raised by Sturt and his team at the O.C. Tanner Institute, a consulting company specialized in employee recognition and rewards system.O.C. Tanner launched an exhaustive Great Work study that included surveys to 200 senior executives, a further set of surveys to 1,000 man
51、agers and employees working on projects, an in-depth qualitative study of 1.7 million accounts of award-winning work (in the form of nominations (提名) for awards from corporations around the world), and one-on-one interviews with 200 difference makers. The results of the study revealed that those who
52、 do great work refuse to be defeated by the constraints of their jobs and are especially able to reframe their jobs: they dont view their jobs as a list of tasks and responsibilities but see their jobs as opportunities to make a difference. No matter, as Moses so ably exemplifies (例证), what that job
53、 may be.12. According to Sturt, which of the following is TRUE?A. Its not the nature of the job, but what you do that makes a difference.B. Anyone in the world is responsible to delete poverty and change the world.C. Anyone can make a difference in peoples lives no matter what kind of job he does.D.
54、 Surgeons, special-needs educators and founders of organizations can succeed more easily.13. According to this passage, how does Moses, a common hospital cleaner, make a difference in peoples lives?A. By keeping optimistic and calm when facing patients and their parents at hospital.B. By showing his
55、 special gift and working experience when working at hospital.C. By showing his sympathy and kindness to patients when entering their rooms.D. By pretending to be a doctor or nurse when entering a room with a sick child.14. The word “constraints” in the last paragraph probably refers to _.A. demands
56、B. advantagesC. disadvantagesD. limitations15. What can we infer from the passage?A. Great work is work that makes a difference in peoples lives no matter what you do.B. If a boss has trouble recognizing his employees, he can ask O. C. Tanner for advice. C Moses makes a difference through his sensit
57、ivity and his practical wisdom.D. Those who do great work are never defeated by others or their jobs themselves.【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过例子说明了伟大工作的中心主题是，任何人都可以在任何工作中有所作为。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段句子“The central theme of Great Work, according to Sturt, is that anyone can make a diffe
58、rence in any job.”（ 斯图特认为，伟大工作的中心主题是，任何人都可以在任何工作中有所作为。）可知“不管做什么样的工作，任何人都可以有所作为”这一表述正确。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段句子“Whenever he enters a room, especially a room with a sick child, he engages both patients and parents with his optimism and calm, introducing himself to the child and, Sturt writes, speaki
59、ng little comments about light and sunshine and making things clean. ”（每当他走进一个房间，特别是有一个生病的孩子的房间，他就会用他的乐观和冷静来吸引病人和家长，向孩子自我介绍，并且，斯图特写道，摩西会说关于光和阳光，以及如何把东西弄干净的小评论。”）可知，清洁工摩西在医院面对病人和父母时,会保持乐观和冷静。故选A项。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后面的内容“ are especially able to reframe their jobs”（ 尤其能够重新定义自己的工作）可知，在工作上有所成就的人拒绝被工作本身的“
60、局限性”打败。“constraints”意思是局限性。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段句子“That was the central question raised by Sturt and his team at the O.C. Tanner Institute, a consulting company specialized in employee recognition and rewards system.”（ 这是斯图特和他的团队在O.C.Tanner 研究所提出的核心问题，该研究所是一家专门研究员工认可和奖励系统的咨询公司。）可知，如果一个老板在获得员工认可方
61、面有困难，他可以向O.C.Tanner寻求建议。故选B项。【点睛】在阅读文章中,作者常常让读者领会文章中不明确表达出来而暗含在其中的意思。这就需要读者在阅读过程中,在全面掌握文章所给出的信息的基础上,运用自己的知识认真思考问题,领会作者的言外之意。这种从“已知”推出“未知”的过程,就是推论,是我们阅读过程中必须掌握的一种解题技巧。如第四小题，文章中并没有关于“如果一个老板在获得员工认可方面有困难”这个信息。但是通过句子“That was the central question raised by Sturt and his team at the O.C. Tanner Institute,
62、 a consulting company specialized in employee recognition and rewards system”可以判断出该信息正确。第二节 七选五（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余项。When it comes to getting ahead, is IQ or EQ more important? A thought experiment conducted featuring butterflies and geniuses settles the quest
63、ion once and for all._16_ So if you asked people whether theyd rather be a butterfly or a genius, Im betting most people wouldnt hesitate before choosing genius. But butterflies are also social creatures, often gathering in groups. The experiment points out just how big an advantage friendliness can
64、 be.Imagine two groups of people. Well call them the Geniuses and the Butterflies for short. _17_ They come up with one ground-breaking invention every 10 human lifetimes. The Butterflies arent nearly as bright. They take 1,000 lifetimes to come up with a world-changing invention.But what the Butter
65、flies lack in cognitive(认知的)horsepower, they make up for in social skills. _18_ However, the egghead Geniuses are a little awkward. They only have one friend. Now imagine everyone goes about their business trying to learn about cool, new inventions, either by figuring them out for themselves or lear
66、ning about them from friends. _19_ The one where the people are a hundred times smarter(the Geniuses)or the one where theyre 10 times more social(the Butterflies)?Well, communicating ideas within a group might not feel as impressive as coming up with brilliant ideas alone in a corner. Chatty Cathys(
67、滔滔不绝的人)clearly have less cultural mystery than Nobel winners. But without them, new ideas dont spread fast enough to-make big impact. _20_ This fascinating thought experiment is good news for the communicators and connectors of the world, but its also a valuable lesson for anyone putting-together a
68、team.A. Which society does better?B. Each Butterfly has 10 friends.C. The Geniuses are, well, geniuses.D. Butterflies are pretty but lacking in strength.E. Is it hard for the experiment to draw a conclusion?F. In terms of group success, EQ matters more than raw IQ.G. The Butterflies shouldnt be comp
69、ared with the Geniuses.【答案】16. D 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项关于蝴蝶和天才的思想实验彻底解决了智商和情商哪个更重要的问题。【16题详解】根据后文“So if you asked people whether theyd rather be a butterfly or a genius, Im betting most people wouldnt hesitate before choosing genius. ”（所以如果你问人们是愿意做一只蝴蝶还是一个天才，我敢打赌大多数人在选择天才之前都会毫不犹豫。
70、）可知，此处是讲做蝴蝶不如做天才好，所以选项D（蝴蝶很漂亮，但缺乏力量。）切合文意。故选D。【17题详解】根据上文“Imagine two groups of people. Well call them the Geniuses and the Butterflies for short.”（想象两组人。我们简称他们为天才和蝴蝶。）可知，后文会分别陈述两组人。再结合后文“They come up with one ground-breaking invention every 10 human lifetimes.”（他们每10个人一生中就有一个突破性的发明。）可知，此处是介绍Geniuse
71、s这一组，所以选项C（Geniuses这一组就是天才）切合文意。故选C。【18题详解】根据前文“But what the Butterflies lack in cognitive（认知的）horsepower, they make up for in social skills.”（但是蝴蝶们在认知能力上的不足，在社交能力上得到了弥补。）可知，此处是讲蝴蝶出色的社交能力，所以选项B（每只蝴蝶有10个朋友。）切合文意。故选B。【19题详解】根据后文“The one where the people are a hundred times smarter（the Geniuses）or the
72、one where theyre 10 times more social（the Butterflies）?”（是聪明一百倍的人的天才社会还是社交能力优秀十倍的蝴蝶社会？）可知，此处是讲这两个社会哪个更好，所以选项A（哪个社会更好？）切合文意。故选A。【20题详解】根据前文“But without them, new ideas dont spread fast enough to-make big impact.”（但如果没有他们，新思想的传播速度就不足以产生重大影响。）可知，此处是讲有社交能力的人也很重要，根据后文“This fascinating thought experiment
73、is good news for the communicators and connectors of the world, but its also a valuable lesson for anyone putting-together a team.”（这个令人着迷的思维实验对于世界上的沟通者和连接者来说是好消息，但对于任何组建团队的人来说也是宝贵的一课。）可知，此处是讲情商对团体的成功更加重要。所以选项F（就团队成功而言，情商比单纯的智商更重要。）切合文意。故选F。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分25分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各
74、题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Tristin Stewart, 15, of Northern Ireland, has no right knee after undergoing an operation. Now, his right leg connects directly to a right foot backward, which fits more_21_than a traditional amputation (截肢).Tristin said he began experiencing_22_in his right leg in 20
75、14, but it was not until last year that doctors diagnosed it as a cancer. The diagnosis and_23_operation made Tristins parents, Mandy and Shane so worried.“Tristin was scared firstly before receiving the operation” Mandy said. “When we went in to see him after the operation, you could_24_see that so
76、mething was not in the right place under the_25_, and Shane and I got up the courage to uncover it. That was a very strange sight, but my boys life was saved so thats all that_26_.”In spite of a_27_disease, the first in Northern Ireland, the soccer-loving teen is already back on his_28_ just months
77、after the operation.“At the start it was uncomfortable and I wasnt used to it because of the weight and my foot you know, it felt_29_ but now I m accustomed to it,” Tristin told Caters News. “It feels close to normal.”“I can_30_with it and Ive just started a jog,” Tristin said. “Without it, Id be in
78、 a_31_. I wouldnt be able to do anything.”Unexpectedly, many people are now_32_ money to buy Stewart professional aid equipment so he can_33_in sports and more physical activities.“Friends have been just as_34_, and they havent treated me differently,” Tristin added. “And I believe no matter how_35_
79、 the mountain, there will always be a climb for the people who do not fear the difficult.”21. A. comfortablyB. differentlyC. dangerouslyD. commonly22. A. sorrowB. painC. surpriseD. strength23. A. expectingB. leadingC. followingD. increasing24. A. graduallyB. sorelyC. obviouslyD. fortunately25. A. be
80、dsB. coversC. clothesD. knives26. A. damagesB. mattersC. keepsD. memorizes27. A. successfulB. deadlyC. frustratingD. rare28. A. feetB. wayC. behalfD. side29. A. greatB. uglyC. amazingD. strange30. A. studyB. walkC. swimD. run31. A. bedB. carC. wheelchairD. field32. A. raisingB. makingC. stealingD. p
81、rinting33. A. takeB. giveC. breakD. participate34. A. healthyB. smartC. hardD. usual35. A. smoothB. magnificentC. steepD. difficult【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. D 35. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了失去右腿的少年斯图尔特没有放弃自己对体育的热爱， 依然热爱生活。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在手术
82、是把脚反转安装，这比起传统的截肢，让Tristin更舒服些。A. comfortably舒适地；B. differently不同地；C. dangerously危险地；D. commonly一般地，通常地。根据上文“has no right knee after undergoing an operation”和“than a traditional amputation (截肢)”可知，现在的手术是把脚反转安装，以解决没有膝盖的问题，这比起传统的截肢，让Tristin更舒服些。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Tristin说，他从2014年开始感到右腿疼痛，但直到去年才被医生诊
83、断为癌症。A. sorrow悲伤；B. pain痛苦；C. surprise惊喜；D. strength力量，力气。根据“but it was not until last year that doctors diagnosed it as a cancer”可知，患有癌症的人早期是感到疼痛的。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个诊断和随后的手术让Tristin的父母Mandy和Shane非常担心。A. expecting期待；B. leading领导；C. following跟随；D. increasing加大，增加。根据下文“Tristin was scared firstl
84、y before receiving the operation,” Mandy said.”可知，要想治疗疾病，应是先诊断，再进行手术。故选C。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：手术后我们去看他，很明显他的被窝里有些地方不对劲，我和Shane鼓起勇气去掀开被单。A. gradually逐渐地；B. sorely疼痛地，非常；C. obviously明显地；D. fortunately幸运地。根据下文“ that something was not in the right place ”可知，Tristin是做了右腿手术，所以很明显地看到被单下的腿不太正常。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词
85、词义辨析。句意：手术后我们去看他，很明显他的被窝里有些地方不对劲，我和Shane鼓起勇气去掀开被单。A. beds床上用品；B. covers覆盖，封面，盖子；C. clothes衣服；D. knives刀子。根据下文“and Shane and I got up the courage to uncover it”可知，很明显地看到被单下的腿不太正常，Mandy和Shane鼓起勇气去掀开被单。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这景象很奇怪，但我儿子得救了，这才是最重要的。A. damages伤害，毁坏；B. matters重要，要紧；C. keeps保留；D. memorizes
86、记住，背熟。根据“but my boys life was saved ”可知，这个手术毕竟让Tristin避免了癌症的蔓延，换言之，这个手术拯救了Tristin，这才是最重要的。故选B。27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管得了一种罕见的疾病，是北爱尔兰的首例，但这位热爱足球的少年在手术后几个月就重新站了起来。A. successful成功的；B. deadly致命的；C. frustrating令人沮丧的；D. rare稀有的。根据下文“the first in Northern Ireland”可知，这是一种罕见的疾病。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管得了一种罕见的
87、疾病，是北爱尔兰的首例，但这位热爱足球的少年在手术后几个月就重新站了起来。A. feet脚；B. way方法；C. behalf代表，利益；D. side方面，旁边。短语be back on ones feet表示“重新站起来”，Tristin现在能走路了，因此他重新站了起来。故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Tristin告诉Caters News：“一开始我很不舒服，因为重量和我的脚都让我不习惯你知道，感觉很奇怪但现在我已经习惯了。”A. great极好的，伟大的；B. ugly丑陋的；C. amazing令人惊异的；D. strange奇怪的，陌生的。根据“but now
88、I m accustomed to it”可知，把右脚倒着连接右腿，这是很奇怪的。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我可以用它走路，而且我刚刚开始慢跑，”Tristin说。A. study研究，学习；B. walk步行；C. swim游泳；D. run跑步。根据“and Ive just started a jog”可知，手术之后，是慢慢地恢复，先是站立，接着是走路，再是慢跑。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有它，我就得坐轮椅了。我就什么都做不了了。A. bed床；B. car车；C. wheelchair轮椅；D. field领域。根据下文“I wouldnt
89、be able to do anything.”可知，没有这个手术，Tristin就会彻底失去右腿，就只能困于轮椅之中了。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，现在很多人都在筹集资金为斯图尔特购买专业的辅助设备，这样他就可以参加体育运动和更多的体育活动。A. raising提高，举；B. making发展，制造，形成；C. stealing偷；D. printing印刷。根据“ to buy Stewart professional aid equipment”可知，现在有很多人都在募集金钱帮助Tristin购买专业的设备。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：出
90、乎意料的是，现在很多人都在筹集资金为斯图尔特购买专业的辅助设备，这样他就可以参加体育运动和更多的体育活动。A. take拿，取，带去；B. give给；C. break打破；D. participate参加，参与。短语participate in“参加，参与”，根据“in sports and more physical activities”可知，这样他就可以参加体育运动和更多的体育活动。故选D。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“朋友们和往常一样，对我也没有什么不同，”Tristin补充道。A. healthy健康的；B. smart聪明的；C. hard努力的，困难的；D. usu
91、al通常的。短语as usual“像往常一样”，根据下文“and they havent treated me differently”可知，朋友们和往常一样对待Tristin。故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而且我相信，再陡峭的山巅，对不畏艰难的人，也会有攀登之路。A. smooth顺利的，光滑的；B. magnificent高尚的，壮丽的；C. steep陡峭的，不合理的；D. difficult困难的，麻烦的。根据下文“there will always be a climb for the people who do not fear the difficult.”可知
92、，Tristin认为无论山有多陡峭，只要有朋友们的体贴和关心，总会找到攀登之路。故选C。第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The English word “dinner” used to refer to breakfast. It comes from the Old French word “disnar”, _36_ in fact means “breakfast”.So _37_ did this word come to have a different meaning? _38_ (tradit
93、ion), dinner (what we now refer to as breakfast) was the first meal of the day, eaten around noon. It also happened to be the _39_ (big) meal of the day, with a lighter meal coming later _40_ (know) as supper.Today many people find _41_ strange that the biggest meal of the day once centered around n
94、oon, _42_ it made great sense at that time. Artificial lighting such as oil lamps and candles were expensive, and provided weak light at best. So people went to sleep at sundown, because its difficult _43_ (work) and eat in the dark. The last meal of the day was a rushed affair, a quick snack before
95、 the lights went out.Eventually, more meals _44_ (add) to the day. This meant that people were eating smaller meals before the bigger meal. So the word that once _45_ (refer) to our first meal, now refers to our last. However, it is true that in many Western cultures dinner still remains the biggest
96、 meal of the day.【答案】36. which 37. how 38. Traditionally 39. biggest 40. known 41. it 42. but 43. to work 44. were added 45. referred【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英文中“dinner”一词的含义是如何从“早餐”成为了如今“晚餐”的含义的。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：它来自古法语单词disnar，实际上意思是“早餐”。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词disnar，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性
97、定语从句。故填which。【37题详解】考查疑问词。句意：那么这个词是如何有了不同的含义的呢？此处对方式提问，表示“如何”应用疑问词how。故填how。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：传统上，晚餐（我们现在所说的早餐）是一天中的第一顿饭，大约在中午吃。修饰后文整个句子，应用副词traditionally作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Traditionally。【39题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：这顿饭碰巧也是一天中最丰盛的一餐，稍后的清淡饭菜则被称为晚餐。根据上文定冠词the，以及句意“最丰盛的”可知，big应用形容词最高级形式。故填biggest。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这顿
98、饭碰巧也是一天中最丰盛的一餐，稍后的清淡饭菜则被称为晚餐。结合句意表示“被称为”可知，短语为be known as，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作状语。故填known。【41题详解】考查it用法。句意：今天，许多人觉得奇怪的是，一天中最丰盛的一餐曾经集中在中午，但它在当时是很有意义的。此处为“find it adj. that”句型，it作形式宾语，that从句为真正宾语。故填it。【42题详解】考查连词。句意：今天，许多人觉得奇怪的是，一天中最丰盛的一餐曾经集中在中午，但它在当时是很有意义的。上文提到许多人对于一天中最丰盛的一餐曾经集中在中午感觉奇怪，后文则提到这一做法在当时很有意义，前后为
99、转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所以人们在日落的时候就睡觉了，因为在黑暗中工作和吃饭是很困难的。此处为句型“it be adj. to do sth.”，it作形式主语，不定式为真正主语。故填to work。【44题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：最终，一天中添加了更多的膳食。句子描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为meals，谓语动词用复数。故填were added。【45题详解】考查动词时态。句意：所以这个词曾经指的是我们的第一顿饭，现在指的是我们的最后一餐。refer在从句中作谓语，结合上文o
100、nce可知，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填referred。第四部分 基础知识检测（共三节，满分25分）第一节 单词拼写（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）请使用X1U1-U3部分的单词46. It _(突然想到) me that we might have made the wrong decision.(根据汉语意思单词拼写)【答案】struck#hit【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：我突然想到我们可能做出了错误的决定。根据汉语提示“突然想到”可知应填动词strike/hit，作谓语，且结合语境应用一般过去时。故填struck/hit。47. Weve already boug
101、ht the house but we wont take _(拥有) of it until May. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)【答案】possession【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我们已买下这所房子，但要到五月份才能入住。分析句子可知，空处放在take后面作宾语，用名词，“拥有”翻译为：possession，take possession of为固定短语，意思为：占有，占领。故填：possession。48. The book is expected to _ (占有优势,主宰) the best-seller- lists. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】dominate【解析】
102、【详解】考查动词。句意：这本书预计会在畅销书排行榜上占据主导地位。be expected to do sth.预计，根据汉语提示及句意，故填dominate。49. Out of my_(预料), I made great achievements soon. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)【答案】expectation【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：出乎意料，我很快就取得了巨大成就。out of ones expectation出乎某人的意料，该短语是固定短语。故答案为expectation。50. A _（联合，混合）of talent, hard work and good looks h
103、as taken her to the top. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】combination【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：智慧、勤奋和好的外貌结合起来使得她到达最高层。A后接单数名词，根据汉语提示可知，空处填名词combination。a combination of. 的组合。故填combination。51. The winners were given an _(热情的) welcome when they arrived home. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)【答案】enthusiastic【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：获奖者到家时受到了热烈的欢迎。根据汉语提示“热情的
104、”，可知应填形容词enthusiastic，作定语修饰名词welcome。故填enthusiastic。52. Do you think the film _(改编本) was faithful to the book？(根据汉语意思单词拼写)【答案】adaptation【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：你认为改编的电影忠实于原著吗？设空处在从句中作主语，根据汉语提示可知设空处名词为adaptation（改编）；根据从句的谓语was，可知设空处应用单数的形式。故答案为adaptation。53. Adequate _(刺激) and nutrition are essential for dev
105、elopment during the first three years of life. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)【答案】stimulation【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：适当的刺激和营养对生命前三年的发育至关重要。分析句子可知，空处缺少名词，与nutrition“营养”一起作句子的主语，“刺激”翻译为：stimulation，为不可数名词。故填：stimulation。54. Bike sharing has _(席卷) across China, with an increasing number of people choosing bike riding instead of
106、driving. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)【答案】swept【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：随着越来越多的人选择骑自行车而不是开车，共享单车已经席卷了中国。 根据汉语意思“席卷”可知应填动词sweep，结合上文has可知为现在完成时。故填swept。55. He said by the end of the year, there was a 6% drop in the _(消费) of such drinks. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)【答案】consumption【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：他说，到今年年底，这类饮料的消费量下降了6%。根据题意可知，“消费”翻译为：consumpti
107、on，为不可数名词。故填consumption。第二节 单句语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）56. If _(teach) properly, anyone can learn how to operate the machine. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】taught【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果教得好，任何人都能学会如何操作这台机器。设空处在句中作非谓语，和if一起构成条件状语；teach和句子的逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式。故答案为taught。57. His proposal given to me in the e-mail
108、 was worthy _(consider). (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】to be considered【解析】【详解】考查动词不定式的被动语态。句意：他在电子邮件中给我的建议值得考虑。观察句子可知，考查be worthy to be done结构，意思为：值得被做某事，此处consider与proposal构成动宾关系。故填：to be considered。58. _(expose) to very loud music makes it possible for young people to risk going deaf. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Being exp
109、osed【解析】【详解】考查动名词的被动语态。句意：听吵闹的音乐可能会使年轻人冒失聪的危险。分析句子可知，空处缺少句子的主语，young people与expose构成被动关系，因此，此处用expose动名词的被动语态作主语。故填：Being exposed。59. All the books donated by the students from urban schools are said _(send) to the students in rural areas the other day. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】to have been sent【解析】【详解】考查非谓语
110、动词。句意：据说，城市学校学生捐赠的所有书籍前几天已经送到了农村地区的学生手中。观察句子可知，be said为被动语态，后面用动词不定式；根据the other day可知，“送书给学生”发生在“据说”之前，用不定式的完成式to have been done。故填：to have been sent。60. Nancy let me repeat her instruction to make sure that I understood what was_(do)after she was away on business. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】to be done【解析】【详解
111、】考查非谓语动词。句意：南希让我重复她的指示，以确保我明白她出差后该做什么。此处表示将来发生的动作应用不定式作表语，且do与主语构成被动关系，应用to be done形式。故填to be done。61. _(dress) in her favorite skirt, she seemed to be more confident. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Dressed【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：穿着她最喜欢的裙子，她似乎更自信了。此处为短语be dressed in表示“穿着”，且省略be动词，用形容词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Dressed。62. A simple
112、 30-minute operation _(develop) by scientists now is hoped to cure blindness in six years. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】being developed【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家目前正在研发一种30分钟的简单手术，希望能在6年内治愈失明。 分析句子结构可知develop在句中应用非谓语动词形式作后置定语，此处表示动作正在进行应用现在分词，且与 operation 构成被动关系，用being done形式。故填being developed。63. What made you worri
113、ed?Our _(not know) how to help the people in the snowstorm in the South. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】not knowing【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：什么让你们担心？我们不知道如何帮助南方暴风雪中的人们让我们担心。用what提问，应用名词性质的词进行回答。此处作主语，且为动名词的复合结构“形容词性物主代词+动名词”，故填not knowing。64. His heart racing, and tears _(fill) his eyes, Jack carefully unlocked the box.
114、(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】filling【解析】【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：杰克的心怦怦直跳，泪水盈眶，他小心翼翼地打开了盒子。设空处在句中作非谓语，并且filld的逻辑主语和句子的主语Jack不一致，此处为非谓语动词的独立主格结构作状语，fill和逻辑主语tears之间是逻辑的主动关系，需用现在分词形式。故填filling.65. In recent years, a lot of trees have been cut down, which contributes to soil _(wash)away. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】being washed【解析】【详解】
115、考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，许多树木被砍伐，这导致土壤被冲走。根据contribute to doing sth导致做某事，此处应用动名词作宾语，且wash和soil之间为被动关系，故用现在分词的被动式：being done。故答案为being washed。第三节 完成句子（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）66. 我渴得要命，那杯冰水正好解渴。I was dying of the thirst, and that cup of ice tea _ _ _.【答案】 . hit . the . spot【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和时态。结合语境表示“正合需要；恰到好处”可知短语为hit t
116、he spot，此处为一般过去时。故填hit the spot。67. 委员会仍在审阅所有申请表。The board are still _ _ _ through the application forms.【答案】 . working . their . way【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和时态。结合句意表示“审阅，聚精会神地完成”应用短语work ones way through，结合上文The board are still可知此处为现在进行时。故填working their way。68. 他在好奇心的驱使下打开了盒子。_ _ _, he opened the box.【答案】 .
117、Overcome . with . curiosity【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。根据中文和英文提示可知，空处缺少“在驱使下”的英文表达，翻译为：be overcome with；“好奇心”翻译为：curiosity。观察句子，句子的逻辑主语he与overcome构成被动关系，用overcome的过去分词作状语。故填：Overcome；with；curiosity。69. 这首乐曲将技术上棘手的部分处理的轻松自如，显示出他作为作曲家的天赋。The music moves through technology difficult sections _ _， showing his genius
118、 as a composer.【答案】 . with . ease【解析】【详解】考查介词短语。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填介词短语作状语，表示“轻松自如地”应用with ease。故第一空应填with，第二空应填ease。故填with ease。70. 现在学生可以表达自己的观点，而不只是听老师讲。Now students can express their own ideas, _ _ _ just listening to the teacher.【答案】 . as . opposed . to【解析】【详解】考查固定句式。句意：现在学生可以表达自己的观点，而不只是听老师讲。固定句式as
119、 opposed to与.截然相反。故答案为as opposed to第五部分 应用文写作（满分15分）71. 假定你是李华，你校国际部要举行一场校园音乐会，并请你在开幕式上致辞。内容包括：1.活动目的；2.活动组织；3.活动预期。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。注：选拔赛qualification trial【答案】Ladies and gentlemen，I am glad to attend the campus concert held by the International Department of our school, which is a
120、imed to enrich our after-class activities. All the students are welcome to attend the concert, whose theme is the colorful campus, will involve both classical music and folk music. Respecting the traditions but adding their own styles, China Philharmonic Orchestra will play such famous pieces as col
121、orful clouds chasing in the moon and autumn moon over Han palace.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，学校国际部要举行一场校园音乐会，并请他在开幕式上致辞。【详解】1.词汇积累喜欢：like enjoy目的：purpose be aimed to do参加：take part in attend包含：contain involve2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I am sure the campus concert will be a great success and all of us will enjoy it and
122、 improve ourselves.拓展句：I am sure the campus concert will be a great success through which all of us will enjoy it and improve ourselves.【点睛】高分句型1 I am glad to attend the campus concert held by the International Department of our school， which is aimed to enrich our afterclass activities.(这句话使用which引导非限制性定语从句。)高分句型2 All the students are welcome to attend the concert, whose theme is the colorful campus, will involve both classical music and folk music.(这句话使用whose引导非限制性定语从句。)