1、（全国卷）2021届高三英语下学期考前猜题卷3（含解析）第一部分：听力第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What will the woman probably do?A. Do the laundry.B. Iron a shirt.C. Make a coffee.【答案】B【原文】M: Could you please help me iron my shirt, honey?W: Oh, no! I just
2、 did your laundry. But if you make me a cup of coffee, Ill do you the favor.M: Its a deal.2. How does the woman practise her English?A. By talking to natives.B. By viewing the websites.C. By going to the English Corner.【答案】B【原文】M: How do you practice your English?W: I usually look at English languag
3、e websites every day. M: Have you ever considered going to the English Corner?W: Yeah, I have. And I hope to speak to native speakers someday.3. When does the conversation probably take place?A. In the evening.B. In the afternoon.C. In the morning【答案】A【原文】M: It got dark really fast. Can you turn on
4、that lamp?W: The bulb went out this morning. I need to replace it.M: Im going into town tomorrow afternoon. Ill get some then.4. Why does the woman check the label on the shirt?A. To see how to wash it.B. To see what brand it is.C. To see what it is made of.【答案】A【原文】W: Does the label on your shirt s
5、ay what temperature it should be washed at?M: No, it just has these symbols.W: Those mean that it can only be washed by hand because of how its made. Dont put it in the washing machine. Ill do it later.5. Whats wrong with the woman?A. She has lost her way.B. She has lost her luggage.C. She has lost
6、her daughter.【答案】C【原文】M: Whats the trouble, madam?W: I. I cant find my daughter. I put my luggage down over there and when I came back, she was gone.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6. W
7、hat makes the mans mother unhappy?A. The e-invitations.B. The old pictures.C. The tickets to Texas.7. What does the woman remind the man to do?A. Book the plane ticket.B. Save some money.C. Check the booking.【答案】6. A 7. C【原文】W: Hey! Ask your mom for more old pictures, OK?M: Cant it wait? Shes still
8、angry that we sent e-mail wedding invitations. W: But we saved your parents so much moneyM: I know. And theyre spending enough on the plane tickets to Texas! W: Speaking of plane tickets, dont forget to check on the reservations! M: OK.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A
9、. A building.B. A designer.C. A picture.9. Which subject does the woman like best?A. Music.B. History.C. Math.【答案】8. C 9. A【原文】W: You know, Ive never seen the pictures you took of New York.M: No? Didnt I show them to you after I got back? Well, I have them with me. Look at this one.W: Fantastic. Whe
10、re was this taken?M: From the top of the World Trade Center. Did you know the Statue of Liberty was designed by a Frenchman?W: Uh-huh. Bartholdi. It was given to the United States by France on the 100th birthday of the U.S. independence.M: You know a lot about history.W: History is my favorite subje
11、ct after music, that is!M: Oh, I thought you like math best! Well, lets look at another one.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10. What is the woman dissatisfied with about the island?A. The food.B. The beach.C. The hotel.11. What do we know about the woman?A. She lost her way several times.B. She met some unfriendly
12、 locals.C. She missed home-cooked meals.12. What does the woman suggest the man do in the end?A. Visit the churches.B. Taste the local food.C. Go to the island of Gozo.【答案】10. B 11. A 12. C【原文】M: Hi, Maggie. I havent seen you for a long time. Did you do anything nice over the summer?W: Bruce and I w
13、ent on an amazing vacation to Malta, which is a small island in the Mediterranean.M: Sounds great!W: Our hotel was only a short distance from the beach. The beach itself, which was small, was not good enough for swimming. However, the boats at the harbor were brightly painted and they were really be
14、autiful. The home-cooked food was fresh and absolutely delicious.M: Youre making me hungry!W: We also explored the whole island, which was full of honey-colored buildings. The capital city, Valletta, has a lot of beautiful churches. We got lost a couple of times, but the friendly locals helped us.M:
15、 Mmm that was nice! I think Ill go there next summer.W: Well, if you do, you must visit the small island of Gozo.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13. What does the woman think about attending trainings at weekends?A. Unnecessary.B. Essential.C. Unreasonable.14. What are the trainings mainly for?A. Skill learning.B.
16、 Cultural awareness.C. Teamwork improvement.15. What benefit will a one-year employee receive?A. A salary increase.B. A seven-day holiday.C. A possible promotion.16. What is the conversation mainly about?A. Company rules.B. Salary standards.C. Job trainings.【答案】13. C 14. C 15. B 16. A【原文】W: Tony, Im
17、 a new comer here. What do you think I should know before starting the work?M: As a new member, you must attend trainings in the first few weekends.W: To be honest, I dont think it is fair. M: But you have to. W: Ok, then. What are the trainings for? To get us familiar with the culture here or to le
18、arn skills?M: Both, to some degree. But they mainly aim to encourage teamwork.W: How about the salary? Actually, Im more interested in this.M: All new members are likely to ask the same question. Our company has a strict salary standard. Benefits depend upon the employees performance. After youve be
19、en here for a year, you qualify for a one-week vacation. For two years, an increase in salary as well as a chance to be promoted.W: Wow, thank you for telling me. Anything else I should know?M: Remember to report work to the manager every month. W: Ive got it. Thank you.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17. What is th
20、e disadvantage of the conference room on the second floor?A. It has no natural light.B. It lacks equipment.C. It is not big enough.18. Which floor is the break room on?A. The basement floor.B. The first floor.C. The third floor.19. Who will prepare the identification for guests?A. Tanya.B. Mario.C.
21、Eric.20. Which group will be the first to present?A. The Paris group.B. The London group.C. The New York group.【答案】17. C 18. B 19. B 20. A【原文】M: So, just to talk you all quickly through the arrangements of the event on March 10th, well be using the large conference room downstairs, on the basement f
22、loor. I know some of you raise concerns about the fact that theres no natural light in the room and we did consider the conference room on the second floor or the one on the third floor, but theyre just not spacious enough. And we decided to use the small conference room on the first floor as the br
23、eak room. Tanya has got in touch with all our guests to find out any dietary requirements for lunch, and weve got the final list of guests, so Mario will have the identification ready for everyone.Obviously, the room is not properly setup for the event yet and we cant set it up until the day before
24、because its being used for another event on the 8th, but Eric and I have agreed to come in earlier on the 9th to take care of it. Oh, before I forget: theres a mistake in the program. The Paris group will be presenting first, not the London group. And the New York group will be the third one. What e
25、lse? I .第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节（共15个小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AHoliday Celebrations Throughout OrlandoIts time again for our best free holiday events in Orlando! This year we could all use a little extra holiday cheer. Thankfully, despite some changes, there are sti
26、ll lots of free holiday events in Orlando and throughout Central Florida.Winter Park Ye Olde Hometown Parade(游行)December 5,2020, starts at 9: 00 a.m.Central Park on Park Avenue, Winter ParkThe Winter Park Chamber of Commerce is proud to host the 68th annual Winter Park Ye Olde Hometown Christmas Par
27、ade. The event has been held each December for more than 60years, making it the oldest continuous holiday parade in Central Florida. Reserved spaces for the live event are full, but the parade will be streamed live via Facebook.20th Annual Christmas ParadeDecember 5, 2020, starts at 10;00 a.m. Downt
28、own Mount DoraEnjoy this annual parade through the streets of downtown Mount Dora. Pets are notallowed.Winter at Lake Eola ParkDecember 12, 2020, 5:00 p.m.-10:00 p.m.Lake Eola ParkThere is an annual tree-lighting, announcement of holiday art contest winners and, of course, Santa Claus at Lake Eola P
29、ark. Masks and social distance are among the safety measures to be in place.9th Christmas Light RideDecember 12,2020,7:00 p.m.Retro City Cycles, OrlandoRide through Ivanhoe Village and College Park to take in the great light displays. Ride starts at Retro City Cycles and will be about 6 miles at a c
30、asual pace; all bikes are welcome! Dont forget to decorate your bike !21. What do we know about the event in Winter Park?A. It enjoys a long history.B. It has lost its popularity.C. It is hosted by Facebook.D. It requires reservations online.22. Which of the following places will probably attract th
31、e most artists?A. Winter Park.B. Downtown Mount Dora.C. Lake Eola Park.D. Ivanhoe Village.23. What must you do to take part in the 9th Christmas Light Ride?A. Wear face masks.B. Keep social distance.C. Make your bike more beautiful.D. Arrive at Ivanhoe Village before 7 :00 a.m.【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C【
32、解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍在奥兰多市举行的一些年度节日庆祝活动。21. 细节理解题。根据Winter Park Ye Olde Hometown Parade中的“The Winter Park Chamber of Commerce is proud to host the 68th annual Winter Park Ye Olde Hometown Christmas Parade. The event has been held each December for more than 60years, making it the oldest continuous holida
33、y parade in Central Florida.(冬季公园商会很荣幸举办第68届Winter Park Ye Olde Hometown圣诞游行。60多年来，每年12月都会举行这一节日游行，是佛罗里达中部最古老的连续节日游行。)”可知，该活动迄今有着举办68届的悠久历史。故选A。22. 推理判断题。根据Winter at Lake Eola Park中的“There is an annual tree-lighting, announcement of holiday art contest winners and, of course, Santa Claus at Lake Eol
34、a Park.( 这里有一年一度的圣诞树照明，节日艺术比赛获胜者的公告，当然还有Eola湖公园的圣诞老人。)”可知，该活动有一个宣布节日艺术比赛的获奖者名单的环节。因此举办该活动的 Lake Eola Park可以吸引最多的艺术家。故选C。23. 细节理解题。根据文章结尾处“Dont forget to decorate your bike!( 别忘了装饰你的自行车!)”可知，这个骑行活动要求参赛者对自己的自行车提前进行装饰。故选C。BThe spot of red was what first caught Randy Heisss attention on December 16. He
35、was biking on his ranch in Patagonia, Arizona, a town near the U. S. -Mexico border. Heiss walked toward it, and found on the grassland was a broken balloon with its string attached to a piece of paper.“Dayami,” it read on one side, in a childs writing. It was a Christmas wish list, all in Spanish H
36、e suspected that a child had tried to send Santa Claus a Christmas wish list by balloon, something he used to do himself when he was a kid. And he wondered whether he could find the child who had sent this one.It would be difficult, but based on the prevailing wind, Heiss was pretty sure where it ca
37、me fromjust across the border, the city of Nogales, Mexico.Heiss then posted about his quest on Facebook, attaching photos, hoping his friends in Nogales might know the girls family.A few days passed with no leads. Heiss worried that time was running out before Chirstmas. On December 19. he sent a p
38、rivate Facebook message to Radio XENY. a radio station based in Nogales The next morning. Heiss awoke to a message from Radio XENY: They had located Dayami, an eight-year-old girl, and her family, who indeed lived in Nogales. “It just changed my entire day.” said Heiss. Having bought just about ever
39、ything on Dayamis list and a few other toys, as they had learned that Dayami had a younger sister, Heiss and his wife. at the Radio XENY. met tho family.“Their eves were wide open with wonder.” Heiss said of the two sisters reactions. “Like. Oh my gosh, this really did work!”Not wanting to disappoin
40、t the girls who still believed in Santa Claus, Heiss and his wife told them they were “Santas helpers”.“It was a beautiful and healing experience for us.” Heiss said, “Since our only son died ten years ago, being around children at Christmas time has been absent in our lives.” Heiss said. “We now ha
41、ve friends for life. And, for a day, that border fence with its wire melted away.”24. What did Heiss find when hiking on his ranch.A. A Christmas wish list from a childB. A mass of grassland.C. A letter addressed to him.D. A beautiful red balloon.25. What does the underlined word leads in Paragraph
42、4 probably mean?A. Examples.B. Clues.C. Suggestions.D. Plans.26. Why did Heiss manage to find Dayami?A. He wanted to make up for his lost son.B. He wanted to make friends with Dayami.C. He wanted to realize his childhood dream.D. He didnt want to spoil Santa Claus for the girls.27. What message does
43、 the text intend to convey?A. Love knows no borders.B. A bold attempt is half success.C. God helps those who help themselves.D. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.【答案】24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Heiss在牧场中偶然拾到了一个邻国女孩的愿望清单，而后努力找到了这个女孩，并且帮其实现了圣诞愿望的暖心故事，向读者传达着爱不分国界。24. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Hei
44、ss walked toward it, and found on the grassland was a broken balloon with its string attached to a piece of paper.”（Heiss朝它走去，发现草地上有一个断了的气球，绳子系在一张纸上。）及第二段中“Dayami,” it read on one side, in a childs writing. It was a Christmas wish list, all in Spanish”（“Dayami，”它的一面写着，是一个孩子的笔迹。这是一张圣诞愿望单，全是西班牙语）可知，当H
45、eiss在牧场里骑车时发现了一个破了的气球，气球里装着一个孩子用西班牙语写的圣诞节愿望清单，故选A。25. 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“Heiss then posted about his quest on Facebook, attaching photos, hoping his friends in Nogales might know the girls family.”（然后，Heiss在Facebook上发布了照片，希望他在诺加利斯的朋友们可能认识女孩的家人）；和第五段中“Heiss worried that time was running out before Chirstma
46、s.”（Heiss担心在圣诞节前时间不多了），由此判断，划线词所在的句子意思是几天过去了，没有任何线索。lead在此处指的是 “线索”，故选B。26. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Not wanting to disappoint the girls who still believed in Santa Claus, Heiss and his wife told them they were “Santas helpers”.”（为了不让那些仍然相信圣诞老人的女孩们失望，Heiss和他的妻子告诉她们，他们是“圣诞老人的助手”）可知，Heiss 设法找到了Dayami是因为他不想破坏了孩子
47、们心中的圣诞老人，故选D。27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Heiss said. “We now have friends for life. And, for a day, that border fence with its wire melted away.”（Heiss说，“我们现在有了一生的朋友。有一天，带着铁丝的边界围栏融化了）可知，爱是没有边界，不分国界的，故选A。CBioluminescence, unlike other sources of light（the sun, fire, light bulbs）, which produce energy from heat
48、, is defined as “the emission of light from living organisms（such as fireflies and bacteria）as the result of internal chemical reactions”. It is one of the wonders of nature that just about any of us can witness.While a few organisms can produce bioluminescent light outside of the oceans（think firef
49、lies）, most of the bioluminescence going on is in salt water. In fact, the vast majority of bioluminescent organisms evolved in order to provide light in deep sea marine ecosystemseither to light up prey or as a warning against predators（捕食者）far below sunlights reach into the water column.Humans hav
50、e been putting natural bioluminescence to work for a while19th century coal miners would trap fireflies（instead of open-flame candles or lanterns that could cause explosion）in jars to light their way. But nowadays researchers are hard at work synthesizing（合成）the chemical reactions behind bioluminesc
51、ence for a range of modem-day applications.Using bioluminescence to help cure disease is a big focus of some biomedical research companies, given the promise of using heat-free organic light to detect metastasizing（转移的） cancer cells, stem cells, viruses or bacteria within living tissue. The military
52、 also has big hopes for applying the chemical reactions of bioluminescence to create light that wont cause the heat-seeking sensory equipment of the enemy whether on land，at sea or in the sky. Some other practical applications of bioluminescence include an effort to connect genes from bioluminescent
53、 organisms into trees that would light up when the sun sets.While none of these “technologies” is yet ready to become mainstream, its good to know that the future looks bright.28. What exactly causes biolunninescence?A. Heat energy.B. Chemical reaction.C. Salt water.D. Living organism.29. Why did mi
54、ners use fireflies instead of lanterns in the 19th century to light up?A. To ensure safety.B. To seek comfort.C. To provide convenienceD. To save money30. What may bioluminescence help to be used as?A. The heat-seeking sensory equipmentB. A simple cure for all kinds of diseases.C. An all-natural alt
55、ernative to street lights.D. An effective virus-killer within living tissues.31. What is implied in the last paragraph?A. The good and bright future should be ours.B. Bioluminescence is widely used in our life.C. The technologies are good enough to apply.D. The search is on for the use of organic li
56、ght sources.【答案】28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于生物发光的研究以及其应用。28. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Bioluminescence, unlike other sources of light（the sun, fire, light bulbs）, which produce energy from heat, is defined as “the emission of light from living organisms（such as fireflies and bacteria）as the result
57、of internal chemical reactions”.”（与其他光源(太阳、火、灯泡)不同，生物发光是生物体(如萤火虫和细菌)内部化学反应产生的光发射）可知，化学反应导致了生物发光。故选B。29. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“19th century coal miners would trap fireflies（instead of open-flame candles or lanterns that could cause explosion）in jars to light their way. ”（19世纪的煤矿工人们用罐子诱捕萤火虫(而不是可能导致爆炸的明火蜡烛或灯笼)来
58、照亮他们的道路。）可知，用萤火虫不会发生爆炸，保证安全。故选A。30. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Some other practical applications of bioluminescence include an effort to connect genes from bioluminescent organisms into trees that would light up when the sun sets.”（生物发光的其他一些实际应用包括努力将生物发光生物体的基因与树木连接起来，这样当太阳落山时，它们就能发光。）可知，将生物发光运用在树中，当太阳落山后，树木可以发光代替
59、路灯使用。故选C。31. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“While none of these “technologies” is yet ready to become mainstream, its good to know that the future looks bright.”（虽然这些“技术”还没有准备好成为主流，但很高兴看到未来是光明的。）可知，生物发光的研究正在进行中。故选D。DA number of people hold an optimistic attitude toward artificial intelligences ability to reshape educ
60、ation nowadays. However, many feel such claims are overblown. Kentaro Toyama, a professor at the University of Michigan School of Information, is one of those doubtful about the idea of using AI in the classroom. Toyama mentioned a situation he encountered while working in an after-school program in
61、 digital literacy（数字技术素养）. He said, “In trying to teach students to use technology, the greatest difficulty is the technology itself. As soon as he looked away from the students, they would “very quickly find the most fun games they could find on the computer and start playing them”. That reveals th
62、e problem with putting too much faith in Al for teaching. “There is great potential for it to be a distraction. he said. Toyama once surveyed a large group of people about their preference for the following educational situations: a school with no teachers but powerful AI, one with bad teachers but
63、strong computers, one with good teachers but no computers, or one with great teachers and many computers. The result showed that nobody would send their children to a school with powerful AI but no teachers, or one with bad teachers but strong computers. Toyama concluded, Good teachers are what matt
64、ers; everything else is secondary compared to that.Toyama is also concerned that AI and technology may widen the gap between disadvantaged schools and wealthier schools. He said, In the case of schools, well-resourced schools will find the best ways to use technology. But if you re in a school distr
65、ict that is underfunded and parents are not involved, it doesnt make a difference how good the technology is, and it will not turn that situation around.When asked when schools should adopt AI, Toyama suggested that they should wait until the basics are in place, teachers want it, and the technology
66、 is proved to have positive educational values.32. What does the underlined word it in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?A. AI.B. Faith.C. Teaching.D. Computer.33. Why does the author mention the survey in Paragraph 4?A. To emphasize the key factor in education.B. To recommend his favorite school for pa
67、rents.C. To compare the differences between AI and teachers.D. To prove that preference for schools varies among people.34. Which of the following statements will Toyama probably agree with?A. Al has the potential to reshape teaching and learning.B. A good school should put students and technology f
68、irst.C. AI will be able to educate students as well as real teachers.D. Al and technology may unbalance educational resources.35. What is the best title of the text?A. Al Reshapes EducationB. Using Al in the Classroom?C. Will AI Dominate School?D. AI and Technology【答案】32. A 33. A 34. D 35. B【解析】这是一篇
69、夹叙夹议文。本文针对公众对人工智能在教育上的使用的态度，结合研究人员Toyama所做的调查所得出的结论，提到人工智能和技术在教育上的应用只有等到基础设施到位，教师需要它，而且这项技术被证明具有积极的教育价值的时候才可以应用。32. 词句猜测题。根据第三段最后两句话“That reveals the problem with putting too much faith in Al for teaching.“There is great potential for it to be a distraction. he said.”（这显示了教学过于信任 AI 的问题。他说:“这（AI）很有可能
70、分散人们的注意力。”）可知，划线词在此处指的就是AI，选项A符合题意，故选A。33. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“The result showed that nobody would send their children to a school with powerful AI but no teachers, or one with bad teachers but strong computers. Toyama concluded, Good teachers are what matters; everything else is secondary compared to that
71、.”（结果显示，没有人会把自己的孩子送到人工智能强大但没有老师的学校，或者是老师很差但电脑很强大的学校。Toyama总结道: “好老师才是最重要的，其他一切都是次要的。”）可知，Toyama的调查得出结论：好的老师在教育上是重要的。所以本段主要是强调教育的关键因素是老师。选项A与文意一致，故选A。34. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Toyama is also concerned that AI and technology may widen the gap between disadvantaged schools and wealthier schools.”（Toyama还担心，人工
72、智能和技术可能会扩大贫困学校和富裕学校之间的差距。）可以推知，在Toyama看来，人工智能和技术可能会扩大贫困学校和富裕学校之间的差距。选项D.“Al and technology may unbalance educational resources.”（人工智能和技术可能造成教育资源的不平衡。）与文意相符，故选D。35. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A number of people hold an optimistic attitude toward artificial intelligences ability to reshape education nowadays. Howeve
73、r, many feel such claims are overblown.”（对于人工智能重塑教育的能力，现在有不少人持乐观态度。然而，许多人认为这种说法是夸大其词。）第三段中“There is great potential for it to be a distraction. he said.”（他说: “这（AI）很有可能分散人们的注意力。”）第五段“Toyama is also concerned that AI and technology may widen the gap between disadvantaged schools and wealthier schools
74、.”（Toyama还担心，人工智能和技术可能会扩大贫困学校和富裕学校之间的差距。）最后一段“When asked when schools should adopt AI, Toyama suggested that they should wait until the basics are in place, teachers want it, and the technology is proved to have positive educational values.”（当被问及学校什么时候应该采用人工智能时，Toyama建议他们应该等到基础设施到位，教师需要它，而且这项技术被证明具有
75、积极的教育价值。）可以推知，本文针对公众对人工智能在教育上的使用的态度，结合研究人员Toyama所做的调查所得出的结论，提到人工智能和技术在教育上的应用只有等到基础设施到位，教师需要它，而且这项技术被证明具有积极的教育价值的时候才可以应用。因而本文的标题应为“是否应在教育上应用人工智能”，选项B符合文意，故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The year 2020 marks the beginning of the decade of the yold, or the “young old”，
76、as the Japanese call people aged between 65 and 75, who continue to work and stay socially engaged. 36. . The yold are more numerous, healthier and wealthier than previous generations of seniors.37. Of the 3.7 years of increased life expectancy(预期寿命)in rich countries between 2000 and 2015, says the
77、WHO, 3.2 years were enjoyed in good health. Working is one of the factors that are helping people stay healthy longer. A German study found that people who remain at work after the normal retirement age manage to slow the cognitive (认知的)decline. The yold are also better off, while the wealth of all
78、other age groups declined. The yold are not just any group of old people They are challenging the traditional expectations of the retired as who are wearing indoor shoes and look after the grandchildren. 38. They become one of the fastest growing group for airline business. They spend much more, whe
79、n taking a foreign holiday, than young adults. So they are vital to the Tourism industry. They are also changing education and finance Because of the importance of pensions,the yold are transforming insurance companies from passive distributors of fired an nuities (年金)to financial service providers
80、for customers who want to manage their pension pots more actively.39. They find that older workers have, if anything,slightly above-average productivity and that teams of workers from multiple generations are the most productive of all.Societies should be better off because public spending on health
81、 and pensions should be lower than expected, as people work longer and need less medical care.Today,some big things will have to change, under pressure from the yold themselves. The most important is public attitudes towards older people and in particular the expectation that 60-somethings ought to
82、quietly retire into the background. 40. The yold will demand that companies become more age-friendly and,in the process,help change attitudes towards aging itself.A. Healthy yold people will require great changes in health spending.B. Many companies discriminate against older workers by offering tra
83、ining only to younger ones.C. The rise of the yold will definitely be a blessing to both culture and economy.D. Health worsens with age,but the yold are resisting the decline better than most.E.Many bosses think productivity falls with age,but studies in Germany suggest otherwise.F.That will disturb
84、 consumers, service and financial markets.G.The yold,in their new appearance as the young old, are expected to change the world.【答案】36. G 37. D 38. F 39. E 40. B【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文从日本老龄化社会出发，论述了悠得人群体日渐成为社会生产力和消费力的现象。36. 下一句“The yold are more numerous, healthier and wealthier than previous generations of
85、seniors.(与上一代老年人相比，悠得人的数量更多，更健康，也更富有)”说明悠得人比上一代老年人的数量更多，更健康，也更富有，因此，G项“The yold, in their new appearance as the young old, are expected to change the world(悠得人，以他们年轻老人的新面貌，有望改变这个世界)”符合语境，选项中的“new appearance”是关键词，与下文构成顺承关系，故选G项。37. 下一句“Of the 3.7 years of increased life expectancy(预期寿命)in rich countr
86、ies between 2000 and 2015, says the WHO, 3.2 years were enjoyed in good health.(世卫组织称，2000至2015年间，富裕国家的预期寿命延长了3.7年，其中有3.2年是在良好的健康状态下度过的)”提到世界卫生组织的调查结论，随着人们预期寿命的增长，健康的年限也在增长，且下文的“Working is one of the factors that are helping people stay healthy longer. ”说明工作有益健康，可推知，首句必然和健康有关，因此，D项“Health worsens wi
87、th age, but the yold are resisting the decline better than most.(健康状况随着年龄的增长而恶化，但悠得人比大多数人更能抵抗这种衰退)”符合语境，与最后一句“The yold are also better off, while the wealth of all other age groups declined.(悠得人群的境况也更富有，而其他所有年龄组的财富都在下降。)”呼应，介绍悠得人群的优点。故选D项。38. 上文“The yold are not just any group of old people They are
88、 challenging the traditional expectations of the retired as who are wearing indoor shoes and look after the grandchildren. (悠得人并非仅是一波寻常的老人。他们正在挑战人们对退了休的人穿着拖鞋、照看孙儿这种惯有的预期)”以及下文“So they are vital to the Tourism industry. They are also changing education and finance (因此，它们对旅游业至关重要。他们也在改变教育和金融)”谈到，这批人将改
89、变对老人的传统印象，认为老人是待在家里的照顾孙子孙女的，下文谈到是老人开始成为航空业、旅游业的常客，甚至超过了年轻人，可推知，该题干要体现出与常识不同的差异性，因此，F项“That will disturb consumers, service and financial markets(这将扰乱消费者、服务业和金融市场)”符合语境，该选项中“disturb”是关键词，与上下文呼应。故选F项。39. 下文“They find that older workers have, if anything, slightly above-average productivity and that te
90、ams of workers from multiple generations are the most productive of all(他们发现，若要说有什么区别的话，老年员工的生产率略高于平均水平；而由来自不同代际的员工组成的团队生产率最高)”谈到，年长的工人的效率会更高，因此，E项“Many bosses think productivity falls with age, but studies in Germany suggest otherwise.(许多老板和人力资源部门认为生产率会随年龄增长而下降，但是德国的研究表明并非如此)”符合语境，反驳一些人所认为的工作效率随年龄增
91、长而倒退的观点。故选E项。40. 上文“The most important is public attitudes towards older people and in particular the expectation that 60-somethings ought to quietly retire into the background(最重要的是公众对老年人的态度，尤其是对60多岁的人应该悄悄退居幕后的期望)”以及下文“The yold will demand that companies become more age-friendly and, in the process
92、, help change attitudes towards aging itself.( 悠得人将要求公司变得更“高龄友善”，并在这一过程中帮助改变人们对于“变老”这件事本身的态度)”提到，一些人认为60岁以上的员工应该迎接退休，下文又谈到了悠得人的诉求，希望公司变得更“高龄友善”，可推知，B项“Many companies discriminate against older workers by offering training only to younger ones(许多公司歧视年长的工人，只给年轻人提供培训)”符合题意，符合上下文反对年龄歧视的语境。故选B项。第三部分：语言运用
93、（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 An unusual experiment in Botswana suggests that painting eyes on the rear（背部的）ends of cows may help protect them from large predators（捕食者）like lions. Protecting cows could also protect the lions from angr
94、y farmers 41 .Large predators like lions are under 42 . Much of the land where they used to live has been taken over by humans. Many are hunted 43 . One serious 44 to large predators comes from farmers who often shoot or 45 them after losing farm animals to their attacks.Scientists from the Universi
95、ty of New South Wales 46 if painting pictures of eyes on the cows rear ends might protect them. The idea isnt as strange as it may 47 . There are many examples of animals such as butterflies or fish using 48 “eyes” to protect themselves. The scientists also knew that animals like lions like to 49 th
96、eir prey （猎物） quietly. If they feel that theyve been 50 , they often give up and look for another 51 .Working with over 2,000 cows on 14 different farms in the Okavango area, the scientists 52 their ideas in a four-year study. The researchers 53 the cows in three different groups. They painted large
97、 eye on the rear ends of one group of cows. The second group got 54 Xs marks. The final group got 55 .The eyes worked very 56 . Of the 683 cows with eyes painted on them, 57 were killed in the four-year period. 58 , cows with nothing on their rear ends didnt do so well. Fifteen of the 835 cows with
98、bare backsides were killed. The scientists were surprised to 59 that even Xs seemed to give some 60 . Only four of the 543 cows with Xs were killed.41. A. in allB. in turnC. in returnD. above all42. A. controlB. pressureC. protectionD. construction43. A. violentlyB. fiercelyC. illegallyD. freely44.
99、A. approachB. conditionC. occasionD. threat45. A. poisonB. replaceC. neglectD. raise46. A. imaginedB. announcedC. feelD. wondered47. A. soundB. presentC. decidedD. occur48. A. fakeB. genuineC. frighteningD. charming49. A. eatB. coverC. attackD. fight50. A. foundB. spottedC. followedD. scanned51. A.
100、baseB. challengeC. targetD. purpose52. A. adoptedB. testedC. spreadD. conducted53. A. analyzedB. cutC. separatedD. cast54. A. bareB. simpleC. coloredD. complex55. A. nothingB. somethingC. bothD. either56. A. badlyB. hardlyC. lessD. perfectly57. A. allB. plentyC. noneD. others58. A. ThereforeB. Meanw
101、hileC. ThoughD. Thus59. A. learnB. stateC. informD. remind60. A. recognitionB. damageC. dangerD. protection【答案】B BCDA D AA CB CBCBA D C BA D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。在博茨瓦纳进行的一项不寻常的实验表明，在牛的尾部画上眼睛可能有助于保护它们免受狮子等大型食肉动物的伤害。51. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：保护奶牛也可以反过来保护狮子免受愤怒的农民的伤害。A. in all 总共；B. in turn轮流，反过来又造成结果；C. in return 作为回报；D
102、. above all 最重要的，首先。根据第第1空前的“Protecting cows could also protect the lions from angry farmers”可知，此处指“反过来”保护狮子。故选B。52. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：像狮子这样的大型食肉动物曾经赖以生存的土地被人类占有，并非法猎杀，它们因此受生存压力。 A. control 控制；B. pressure 压力；C. protection 保护；D. construction建设。根据下文“Much of the land where they used to live has been taken ov
103、er by humans.”可知，狮子有生存“压力”。故选B。53. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：像狮子这样的大型食肉动物曾经赖以生存的土地被人类占有，并非法猎杀，它们因此受生存压力。A. violently暴力地；B. fiercely 凶猛地；C. illegally非法地；D. freely自由地。根据第3空前的“Much of the land where they used to live has been taken over by humans. Many are hunted”（他们曾经生活过的大部分土地都被人类占领了。很多被非法猎杀）此处指“非法”猎杀。故选C。54. 考查名词词
104、义辨析。句意：对大型食肉动物的一个严重威胁来自于农民，他们在袭击中失去农场动物后，经常射击或毒杀大型食肉动物。A. approach 方法；B. condition 条件；C. occasion机会，场合； D. threat威胁。根据第5空前的“large predators comes from farmers who often shoot”在此表示对大型食肉动物生存的威胁来自农民。故选D。55. 考查动词词义辨析。 句意：对大型食肉动物的一个严重威胁来自于农民，他们在袭击中失去农场动物后，经常射击或毒杀大型食肉动物。A. poison 毒害；B. replace 替代；C. negle
105、ct忽视；D. raise提高。根据第5空前后“large predators comes from farmers who often shoot .”可知，句意中与射杀相对应的是“毒杀”。故选A。56. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：新南威尔士大学的科学家们想知道在牛的屁股上画眼睛是否能保护它们。 A. imagined 想象；B. announced 宣布；C. feel感觉； D. wondered想知道。根据第6空后的“if painting pictures of eyes on the cows rear ends might protect them.”可知，西南威尔士大学的科学家们
106、对于这个问题而提出的设想，还不确定效果，用wonder表示思考，这也在后文中进行实验，验证观点。故选D。57. 考查动词词义辨析。 句意：这个想法并不像听起来那么奇怪。A. sound 听起来；B. present 赠送，提出；C. decided决定；D. occur发生。根据第7空前的“The idea isnt as strange as it may”可知，此处指这个想法并不像 “听起来”那么奇怪。故选A。58. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有很多动物比如蝴蝶和鱼用假眼睛保护自己的例子。 A. fake 假的；B. genuine真实的；C. frightening令人害怕的；D. ch
107、arming迷人的。根据第8空前后There are many examples of animals such as butterflies or fish using _ “eyes” to protect themselves. 可知，奶牛身后的眼睛是画上去的，所以是“fake”假的，就像蝴蝶等动物用假眼睛来自卫保护。故选A。59. 考查动词词义辨析。句意： 科学家们还知道，像狮子这样的动物喜欢悄悄地攻击它们的猎物。A. eat 吃；B. cover 覆盖；C. attack 攻击；D. fight战斗，斗争。根据第9空前后“ their prey （猎物） quietly.” 可知，根
108、据本句的quietly，加上猎物等词信息，可知像狮子这样的食肉动物，会悄悄袭击猎物，如果发现“假眼睛”看着，就会放弃攻击目标，再寻另外一个猎物目标。故选C。60. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他们觉得自己被发现了，他们通常会放弃，去寻找另一个目标。 A. found 找到；B. spotted发现，玷污；C. followed跟随；D. scanned扫描。根据第10空后“they often give up”，可知，像狮子这样的食肉动物，会悄悄袭击猎物，如果“发现”假眼睛看着，就会放弃攻击目标，再寻另外一个猎物目标。故选B。61. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他们觉得自己被发现了，他们通常会
109、放弃，去寻找另一个目标。A. base 基础；B. challenge 挑战；C. target 目标；D. purpose目的。根据第11空前的“ their prey （猎物） quietly.”可知，此处指寻找另一个“目标”。故选C。62. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家用2000多头不同地区的奶牛，用四年时间做实验来验证他们的想法。 A. adopted采纳，收养；B. tested 测试；C. spread传播；D. conducted指导。根据第12空前“Working with over 2,000 cows on 14 different farms in the Okavan
110、go area”可知，此处指“测试”想法。故选B。63. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家把不同地区的2000多头牛分成三组。 A. analyzed分析；B. cut 切割，砍；C. separated 分开；D. cast扔，掷。根据第13空后的“the cows in three different groups.”可知，此处指把牛“分组”。故选C。64. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意： 第二组画上简单的“X”符号。A. bare 空的；B. simple简单的；C. colored有颜色的； D. complex复杂的。根据第14空后的“Xs marks”可知，此处指“简单的”符号。故选B。
111、65. 考查不定代词辨析。句意： 最后一组什么都没有画。A. nothing 什么也没有；B. something 某物；C. both两个都；D. either两者之一。根据上下文，第一组牛群画眼睛，第二组牛群画了简单的“X”符号，第三组应该什么都没画。故选A。66. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：眼睛非常完美。 A. badly 严重地；B. hardly 几乎不；C. less 更少地；D. perfectly完美地。根据后文“didnt do so well”，可以推断第一组画眼睛方式最有效，没有牛群受到攻击。故选D。67. 考查不定代词辨析。句意：在683头画有眼睛的牛中，四年来没有一头被
112、杀死。 A. all 所有；B. plenty 大量；C. none 没有人，一个也没有；D. others其他人。根据第17空前“The eyes worked very.”可知，此处指画眼睛的牛没有一头被杀。故选C。68. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，什么都没有画的奶牛表现不佳。 A. Therefore 所以；B. Meanwhile 与此同时；C. Though 然而；D. Thus因此。根据第18空后的“cows with nothing on their rear ends didnt do so well.”可知，什么都没有画的牛群结果不太好，再结合上文内容，Meanwhi
113、le符合语境。故选B。69. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家们惊讶地发现，即使是“X”符号似乎也能提供一些保护。A. learn 获知，了解；B. state 陈述；C. inform 告知；D. remind提醒。根据第19空前后“The scientists were surprised to _ that even Xs seemed to give some _.” 可知，从两组数据得到画了与没有画眼睛的实验结果，根据最后一句只有非常少的四头牛受到攻击，对应的第二组牛群实验结果，这让科学家们很惊讶从实验结果中了解到，画了“X”符号的也起到一定保护牛群作用。故选A。70. 考查名词词义辨
114、析。 句意：科学家们惊讶地发现，即使是“X”符号似乎也能提供一些保护。A. recognition 识别；B. damage 损害；C. danger 危险；D. protection保护。根据文章最后一句“Only four of the 543 cows with Xs were killed.”可知，此处指“X”符号也能起到“保护”作用。故选D。第二节：语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Are you impressed by the mountains in Avatar? The real one
115、s are in Zhangjiajie. For those who love nature, Zhangjiajie is a must. Zhangjiajie National Park is now 61. UNESCO World Heritage site, one that has seen tourism boom, stimulating economic 62. (grow), and providing a lot of job 63. (opportunity) for the locals. Over the years, the rock caves and ka
116、rst (喀斯特) formations 64. (lead) people to call it a “fairyland”. The park has thick forests, deep canyons, unusual peaks, caves, and pillar-like (像柱子似的) rock formations blanketed throughout the park. These pillar-like rock formations are what the park is famous for around the world. One of the faste
117、st and most 65. (effort) ways to experience the area is by 66. (ride) up the worlds tallest outdoor elevator. The 326-meter-tall glass Bailong Elevator 67. (build) onto the side of a cliff at the start of this century and offers amazing views of the park. Many endangered species of animals and plant
118、s can be found there, 68. inspired the Chinese government to begin conservation efforts 69. (preserve) the landscape of Zhangjiajie. Zhangjiajie is also home 70. the worlds tallest bungee jump as well as the famous Zhangjiajie Grand Canyon Glass Bridge which is the highest and the longest glass brid
119、ge of its kind.【答案】61. a62. growth63. opportunities64. have led65. effortless66. riding67. was built68. which69. to preserve70. to【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了张家界的自然景观和游乐设施。61. 考查冠词。句意：对于热爱自然的人来说，张家界是必游之地。张家界国家公园现已被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。UNESCO World Heritage site(联合国教科文组织世界遗产)中site是可数名词，句中是泛指，所以前面应使用不定冠词，又因UNESCO音标中第一个章节
120、是辅音音素/j/，所以只能用不定冠词a。故填a。62. 考查名词。句意：张家界是必游之地。张家界国家公园现已被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产，它见证了旅游业的蓬勃发展，刺激了经济增长，并为当地人提供了大量的就业机会。因空格前有形容词economic作定语，所以填入名词。故填growth。63. 考查名词复数。句意：张家界是必游之地。张家界国家公园现已被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产，它见证了旅游业的蓬勃发展，刺激了经济增长，并为当地人提供了大量的就业机会。job opportunity(工作机会)是固定名词词组，又因前有a lot of(大量的)作定语，所以应使用其复数形式job opportun
121、ities。故填opportunities。64. 考查动词时态。句意：多年来，这里的岩洞和喀斯特地貌让人们称之为“仙境”。分析句子结构可知，空格处为句子中谓语动词。因句中有常与现在完成时态连用的时间状语Over the years(多年来)，所以应该使用现在完成时态，又因主语the rock caves and karst (喀斯特) formations是可数名词复数，因此应使用have led。故填have led。65. 考查形容词。句意：体验这个地区最快最轻松的方式之一就是乘坐世界上最高的户外电梯。根据空格前the fastest and most判定是形容词最高级结构，因此应填入形
122、容词修饰后面名词ways。再结合句意可知表示“最轻松”，应用effortless。故填effortless。66. 考查非谓语动词。句意：体验这个地区最快最轻松的方式之一就是乘坐世界上最高的户外电梯。因空格前有介词by,所以因填入动名词形式作宾语。故填riding。67. 考查动词时态及语态。句意：326米高的玻璃白龙电梯建于本世纪初的悬崖边，提供了惊人的风景公园。分析句子结构可知，空格处为句子中谓语动词。因主语The 326-meter-tall glass Bailong Elevator与动词build之间是被动关系，故使用被语态，再结合语境可知“修建”已经完成，所以应使用一般过去的被动
123、词语态。故填was built。68. 考查定语从句。句意：这里有许多濒危动植物，这激发了中国政府开始保护张家界景观的努力。分析句子结构可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，英语关系代词which引导。故填which。69. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这里有许多濒危动植物，这激发了中国政府开始保护张家界景观的努力。分析句子结构可知，空格处为非谓语动词，此处表目的，应用动词不定式。故填to preserve。70. 考查介词。句意：张家界还有世界上最高的蹦极和著名的张家界大峡谷玻璃桥。.home to(的家园)是固定短语，句中指“张家界有”。故填to。第四部分：写作
124、(共两节，满分35分)第一节：短文改错（满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)，不计分。Sometimes our classmates talk about that we can do for our school before graduat
125、ion. We have different kinds of advices. Some think it is a good idea donate some reference books but notebooks to the school library. By doing so, the fellow students will be able to read it if necessary. Others thought it good to plant trees next to teaching buildings to make the school more beaut
126、iful.On my opinion, we can do something meaningfully in honor of our school life. For the example, we can do some voluntary work or send the school some pictures drawing by ourselves, which can remind us of the golden memories.【答案】1. that what 2. advices advice3. 在 donate前加to 4. but and/or5. it them
127、6. thought think 7. On In 8. meaningfully meaningful 9. 去掉For后面的the 10. drawing drawn【解析】1. 考查宾语从句。句意：有时我们的同学谈论我们能在毕业前为学校做什么。分析句子可知we can do for our school before graduation为宾语从句，连接词在从句中作宾语，意思是“什么”，应用连接代词what。故将that改为what。2. 考查名词。句意：我们有不同的建议。分析可知，advice为不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将advices 改为advice。3. 考查不定式。句意：有些
128、人认为给学校图书馆捐赠一些参考书和/或笔记本是一个好主意。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型it is + n + to do“做某事是”，it是形式主语，真正的主语应该是donate的不定式结构，故在donate前加to。4. 考查连词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，books 和 notebooks是并列或者选择的关系，根据语境，故将but改为and/or。5. 考查代词。句意：通过这样做，如果必要的话，同学们将能够阅读它们。分析句子可知，此处应用them指代的是上文的books 和 notebooks。故将it改为them。6. 考查时态。句意：另一些人认为在教学楼旁边种树是好的，可以使学校更漂亮
129、。分析句子可知，本篇文章描述的都是一般事实，应用一般现在时，故将thought改为think。7. 考查固定短语。句意：在我看来，我们可以做一些有意义的事来纪念我们的学校生活。短语in ones opinion为固定搭配，意为“在某人看来”，故将On改为In。8. 考查形容词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，应用形容词meaningful修饰不定代词something，作后置定语。故将meaningfully 改为meaningful。9. 考查固定短语。句意：例如，我们可以做一些志愿工作或给学校寄一些自己画的画，这可以唤起我们的黄金记忆。短语for example是固定搭配，意为“例如”，故去掉F
130、or后面的the。10. 考查过去分词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词pictures，名词和draw之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。故将drawing改为drawn。第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 假如你是李华。你的新西兰朋友Mark在邮件中提到对中国历史很感兴趣，想请你给他介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物。请你给Mark回信。内容包括：1. 你喜欢历史人物是谁；2. 该历史人物的主要贡献；3. 该历史人物对你的影响。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Mark,There are many famous peopl
131、e in Chinese history,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Mark,There are many famous people in Chinese history, among of whom I like Lu Xun best. Lu Xun was a famous writer and fighter during the history who made a great contribution to the Chinese people. First, he wrote varieties of passages to teach people. Then, he got the people to know the world step by step. Finally, his great books taught people a lot.He showed us that we should learn and master knowledge to protect ourselves. I will remember him and take him as my light in my life.Yours,Li Hua