1、5.1 课时作业.用所给词的适当形式填空1He _ (chase) the burglar but couldnt catch him.2A novelist _ (create) characters and a plot.3Theyve _ (destroy) all the evidence.4The animals were _ (terrify) by the storm.5At that time in Southern States, blacks were not _ (treat) as equal citizens.6He was put into prison becau
2、se he _ (murder) an old lady.7I asked him to show me the record that was kept of the meeting, but he _ (refuse)8Seeing a car coming on, I _ (rush) to carry the child to the roadside.9His _ (wrinkle) face tells us that he has suffered a lot in his life.10I felt _ (disgust) when I saw the woman was sh
3、owing off her wealth.答案：1.chased2.creates3.destroyed4.terrified5treated6.murdered7.refused8.rushed9wrinkled10.disgusted.阅读理解AFrom the moment that an animal is born, it has to make decisions. It has to decide which of the things around it are for eating, and which are to be avoided; when to attack an
4、d when to run away. The animal is，in fact，playing a very dangerous game with its environment, a game in which it must make decisiona matter of life or death.Animals ability to act reasonably is believed to come partly from what we may call “genetic (遗传性的) learning”， which is different from the indiv
5、idual (个体的) learning that an animal does in the course of its own lifetime. Genetic learning is learning by a speciesanimals of the same kindas a whole, and it is achieved by selection of those members of each generation that happen to act in the right way. However, the role of genetic learning depe
6、nds upon how similar the future environment is to the past. The more important individual experience is likely to be, the less important is genetic learning as a means of getting over the problems of the survival game. Because most animals live in every changing environments from one generation to t
7、he next，it is not surprising to find that very few species indeed depend wholly upon genetic learning.In the great majority of animals, their particular ways of acting in a new environment are a compound(复合体) of individual experience added to the action patterns animals are born with. That is why an
8、imals can survive. 1The animals life will come to an end _.A. if the animal makes a wrong decisionB. if the animal plays a dangerous gameC. when the animal attacks its enemyD. when the animal runs too slowly答案与解析：A根据第一段最后一句“.must make decisionsa matter of life or death.”可知如果选择错了就会死掉。2Very few specie
9、s depend entirely on genetic learning because _.A. each generation has its own way of learningB. their environments change all the timeC. they can act reasonably on their ownD. it takes their whole life to learn答案与解析：B这是一道细节题，根据“.animals live in every changing environments.it is not surprising to fi
10、nd that very few species indeed wholly upon genetic learning.”这句可知每一代都生活在一直变化的环境中，所以很少生物完全依赖遗传性的学习。3When the environment doesnt change much, _.A. animals cant act in a right wayB. genetic learning is less important for animalsC. individual learning plays a less important roleD. animals cannot get ov
11、er problems on their own答案与解析：C因为遗传性学习的使用依赖于环境变化程度，所以环境变化小，那遗传性学习作用就大。4Animals living on generation after generation depends on _.A. their natural action pattern with their own experienceB. the lessons they have learnt during their lifetimeC. their experience in particular environmentsD. the knowled
12、ge passed on by their parents答案与解析：A这是一道推断题，根据最后一段“.are a compound of individual experience added to the action patterns animals are born with.That is why animals can survive.”可知物种的生存依赖于本能和生存经验。BA recent announcement by scientists that they have successfully cloned the first human embryo (胚胎) has ca
13、used much debate and has shocked many people around the world. On the one hand, some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo, you can produce valuable tissues and organs that could be used to save human lives. On the other hand, many people, including some scientists, disagree and fear that
14、 if mankind interferes with(干涉) nature in this way, they may be on their way to producing a reallife Frankensteins monster.Cloning is producing an exact copy of a plant or an animal using its cells. The first mammal to be cloned successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep. She was born in 19
15、96 and died in early 2003, at a much younger age than normal. When she was born, many people were angry because they thought cloning would create more diseases in the animal world. However, in general the scientists were praised for their wonderful scientific breakthrough.The Scottish scientist who
16、created Dolly, Ian Wilmut, is shocked that some scientists are now considering cloning human beings. Although he researches cloning, he has never thought of creating copies of humans. Instead, he thinks the scientists should concentrate on creating new tissues and organs that could eventually be use
17、d to cure diseases like cancer. However, some people consider that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human lives.While cloning human embryos is illegal in many countries, some scientists are already pushing ahead with the research so as to deliver a clo
18、ned human baby. Severino Antinori, an Italian doctor, is one of the leaders in this field of research. He has declared that he wants to be the first to clone a human being.In China, scientists have focused their efforts on cloning animals, as well as stem cells to be used in medical research. China
19、has succeeded in producing clones of cows and goats, and continues to research ways in which cloning can benefit mankind.5Which of the following statements about cloning is TRUE according to the passage?A. Cloning technology can only be applied to animals.B. A cloned animal can live longer than a no
20、rmal one.C. People all over the world are happy about the birth of Dolly.D. Cloning can produce valuable tissues and organs to cure human diseases.答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话可知D项正确。根据第二段首句可知A项错误。从多莉(Dolly)的例子可知克隆的动物不如正常的动物寿命长，故B项错误。C项与原文第二段第四句话相悖。6The reasons why some people disagree with cloning include
21、 the following EXCEPT that _.A. cloning may produce a reallife Frankensteins monsterB. cloning might create more diseases in the animal worldC. cloning cant help those who want to clone their dead childrenD. cloning human embryos shows no respect for human lives答案与解析：C细节理解题。文中提到人们反对克隆技术的原因包括A、B、D三项。
22、而根据第四段第一句“尽管克隆人类胚胎目前在很多国家是非法的，但是有些科学家已经开始加紧研究，以便降生一个克隆的人类婴儿”，并不能判断是否能够克隆出人们死去的孩子，而且这也不是人们反对克隆的原因，故答案为C项。7Who is in favour of cloning human beings?A. Ian Wilmut. B. Severino Antinori.C. The author.D. The Chinese scientists.答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后两句可知答案为B项。8What can be inferred from the last two para
23、graphs?A. If we interfere with nature, we will change the world to be what we want.B. It is impossible to clone babies for women who cannot have ones.C. Cloning human beings is illegal in many countries, so no scientists want to do so.D. Whether cloning human embryos is legal or not remains a matter
24、 of debate.答案与解析：D推理判断题。通过最后两段，我们可以推断出虽然克隆人在很多国家还不被认可，但是有些科学家已经开始了这方面的研究。对于克隆人是否合法现在还是一个有争议的问题。故选D项。.七选五阅读Listening is an essential part of communication, and it is different from hearing. Being a good and patient listener helps you not only solve many problems at work or home, but also to see the w
25、orld through the eyes of others, thereby opening your understanding and enhancing your capacity for empathy.Place yourself in the other persons shoes. Active listening is not about inward thinking. Instead, you must look at the problems from the other persons perspective and actively try to see his
26、or her point of view. It is not a good idea to consider yourself to be smarter than the speaker and assume that if you would have been in his or her shoes, you would have seen your way through the problem much faster. _1_Create a conducive physical and mental space. Remove all distractions. _2_ Turn
27、 off cell phones. It may be easiest to arrange to talk somewhere that distractions will not occur. Quiet your mind and open yourself to whatever the person might have to say._3_ It might sound obvious and trite, but one of the biggest obstacles to listening, for many people, is resisting the impulse
28、 thoughts. Likewise, many think that empathy means sharing with the listener similar experiences that the listener has had.Follow and encourage the speaker with body language. Nodding your head will indicate you hear what the speaker is saying. _4_ Adopting body postures, positions and movements tha
29、t are similar to the speaker will allow the speaker to relax and open up more.Do not interrupt with what you feel or think about the topic being discussed. Wait for another person to ask your opinion before interrupting the flow of discussion. Active listening requires the listener to shelve his or
30、her own opinions temporarily, and await appropriate breaks in the conversation for summarizing._5_ Besides, if he or she takes your advice and something goes wrong, he or she will be likely to blame you.A. Give all of your attention.B. Try to reassure the speaker that all is well.C. Stop talking and try to be silent.D. Avoid giving direct advice.E. And it will encourage them to continue.F. Ask meaningful and empowering questions.G. Remember you have two ears and one mouth for a reason.答案：1.G2.A3.C4.E5.D